Contents for What we studiedfrom “An Introduction to Morphology” –by Andrew

Carstairs-McCarthy

2.Introduction to Morphology

(P1-3)

2. Words & sentences (P:4-

15)

3. A words and its PARTS (P:16-

27)

4.A word and its Forms

(Inflection) (P:28-43)

5. A word and its Parts(Derivation)-

(P: 44-56)

The next Lectures About

6. Compound words+ blends &

phrasal words from P: 59- 69

7- A word and it structure. (P: 71-

84

6. This unit is about:

6.1•Compound Words

6.2. •Blends6.3

•Phrasal Words

6.1 Compound

Words

P:59

• Last lecture we studied about forming words from other words by affixes.• In this lecture it look at compound • how?• By combining roots

Compound are

• The smaller category of phrasal verbs(verbs +prepositions) e.g. for

phrasal verbs:Broke in--Check in- Check out--Fill in

Find out- Get away- Calm downGive up (stop)- Go ahead(continue)Hand out- hand in - Hang(on انتظر-

up- - اغلق�)

Compound has:

• Structure of phrasal but:• Function as words.

• You study words as roots always (free morphemes) or has Affixes (bound

morphemes)• But,

• How to know if the word is phrasal or compound word???

Examples show differences

Phrasal verb compound meaning

- Black board Board with black color - blackboard which use for writing

- Hair net Net made of hair - Hairnet net to cover hair

The different is that:

1. On phrasal the second part is stressed2. Differ in meaning

idiosyncrasy((خصوصيةthat is less or more unpredictable

3. Most of compounds are nouns

6.2-Componud verbs

• Less than verbs derived from by affixation.• Has variety:1. verb- verb.(VV) 2. Noun- verb(NV)3. Adj- verb(AV) 4. Preposition-verb

(PV..are common) see previous examples

compound

1. N+Dj= She is a world-famous singer.This is a smoke-free restaurant.2. Adj+ N=It was a last-minute decision.We watched the full-length version of the movie.3.V+ N4. N+NCompound can be written as 2 words or as a word

noun + nounBedroom- water tank – motorcycle- printer

cartridgenoun + verb

Rainfall- Haircut - train-spottingnoun + adverb

hanger-on - passer-byverb + noun

washing machine -driving licence- swimming pool

verb + adverbLookout -take-off- drawback

Know :P:63

• Stress on those are on the left• Compound the second part derived from verb

as:• Sign- writer.• Crime- prevention.• Wish- fulfillment.• Some compound primary comp root comp

• Or secondary verbal comp.(swear words) or synthetic comp مركبز

More examples for Compound words :

• elsewhere upside grandmother• cannot baseball fireworks passport• together become became sunflower• crosswalk basketball sweetmeat superstructure• Moonlight football railroad rattlesnake• anybody weatherman throwbackskateboard• meantime earthquake everythingherein• sometimes also backward schoolhouse

butterflies

6.5 Headed- headless Compounds(P:64)

• When we make compound words, the meaning of the compound word is determined by the rightmost member of the compound, known as the “head” of the compound. Thus “black board,” is a kind of “board,” and not a kind of “black.” “High chair” is a kind of “chair.” that means board is the head of the compound

Headed

Definition of headed compound

• Are Compound words, where the meaning of the compound is determined by the “head” of the compound are called Headed Compounds.

• It follows pluralization

• What are the “Headless Compounds”?• are compound words that do not have a

“head” that determines the meaning of the compound. In other words, the parts do not make the whole, with respect to the meaning of the words. In other words, “still life” is not a kind of “life.” “Pick pocket” is not a kind of “pocket.” “Low life” is not a kind of “life.”

Headless Compounds

headless

• Headless Compounds do not follow the pluralization rule . The entire compound word is treated as one morpheme, without internal morphemic distinction or structure, and the default plural morpheme /s/ is added to the “whole

thus