{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc2 \deff0 \deflang1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;} {\f1\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial;}} {\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green50\blue0;\red37\green37\blue37;} {\info{\author hellopdf.com Inc}{\operator hellopdf.com Inc} {\creatim\yr2007\mo12\dy11\hr12\min0} {\revtim\yr2007\mo12\dy11\hr12\min0}{\version4} {\edmins15}{\nofpages8}{\nofwords0}{\nofchars0}{\vern77}} \paperw15667\paperh24388 \margl0\margr0\margt0\margb0 \viewkind1\viewscale100 \sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5401\posy1945\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs34\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch MOBILE NUMBER PORTABILITY}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy2597\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.1 Introduction}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3161\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Mobile Number Portabil ity offers the subscriber the flexibility to retain his telephone number}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3520\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch even when he switches to another operator in a service area. Number portability is a feature}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3877\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch that al lows a mobi le subscriber to use the same number across different servi ce providers. The}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4236\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch person/user has the liberty to opt for any service provider without the time-consuming exercise}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4594\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch of letting the rest of the world know about the change of number}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy5106\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Very often subscribers do not switch to another operator even if the competitor is offering}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5465\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch lower tari ff and better services because they do not want to change thei r number.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy5977\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch In a consultation paper issued in July 2005, TRAI sai d that subscribers and operators would}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6336\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch benefit from the introduction of the number portability system. As per TRAI, "In most service areas}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6720\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch in India, subscribers have a choice of operators, however, the subscriber's inability to retain his}\par}{\pard \

qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7077\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch telephone number when changing operators is an obstacl e to competition. Therefore, MNP will}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7436\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch benefit subscribers and increase the level of competition, rewarding operators with the best}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7794\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch customer service, coverage, and service quality.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8256\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.2 Types of Number portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8818\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Number portability can be of different types.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9253\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.2.1 Location-based}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5042\posy9330\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : This enables a mobile subscriber to use the same number when}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9664\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch shifting from one geographical area to another.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy10048\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.2.2 Operator-based}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5068\posy10124\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : This makes it possible for a mobile subscriber (or a fixed telephony}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy10457\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch subscriber) to shift from one mobile (or a fixed) service provider to another in the same area and}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy10789\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch retain his original number too.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy11173\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.2.3 Service-based}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx4837\posy11250\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : Enables subscribers of a company to use the same numbers across}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy11584\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch different mobile technologies Global System for Mobile Communi cations (GSM) and Code}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy11890\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Division Multiple Access (CDMA) based Wireless in Local Loop (WLL).}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12274\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.2.4 Convergence-based}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5657\posy12352\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : Allows usage of the same number while shifting from fixed to}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12684\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch mobile telephony.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13093\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.2.5 Total number

portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6656\posy13170\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : Enables usage of the same number across different}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13477\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch technologies, geographical regions and national boundaries and is the ultimate ai m of number}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13810\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch portabi lity. It will al so be the most diffi cult to implement and would requir e a collaborated effort}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14117\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch on the global scale among different service providers. It will be a combination of different types}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14425\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch of portability options.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14885\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Number portability when used to transfer numbers from one service pr ovider to another is called}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15244\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Mobile Number Portability. MNP is already being used in developed mark ets, which are mature}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15628\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch and have a much higher teledensity.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16089\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.3 What number portability would mean to subscribers & service}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy16448\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch providers ?}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy16985\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch When fully implemented nationwide by both wireline and wireless providers, portability will remove one of the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17266\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch most significant deterrents to changing service, providing unprecedented convenience for consumers and}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17573\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch encouraging unrestrained competition in the telecommunications industry. In short, this is the best method to}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy1728\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch increase the efficiency of the service provider by increasing the co mpetition, thereby ensuring better services in all}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2034\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch respects.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy2469\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch From the subscribers perspective, this is a deceptively simp le and very welcome change, because they can}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2752\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch change wireless service providers without wo rrying about no tifying friends,

family and business contacts that their}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3058\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch wireless number is changing. In addition, being able to port a number from one provider to another eliminates the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3340\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch hassle and expenses of changing b usiness cards, stationery, invoices and other materials for businesses.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3801\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch From the wireless carrier s perspective the change is anything, b ut simple. Virtually all of wireless carriers }\par}{\pard \qj\ phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4108\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch systems are affected. Especially any system that relies on mobile identity numbers (MINs) or mobile directory}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4389\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch numbers (MDNs) will be affected. Examples of critical systems and processes that would be affected are: billing,}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4672\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch customer service, order activation, call delivery, roamer registration and support, short messages service center,}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4978\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch directory assistance, caller ID, calling name presentation, switches, maintenance and CSC systems, home lo cation}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5260\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch registers (HLRs), and visiting location registers (VLRs).}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5696\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.4 The Challenges}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6258\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy6258\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Huge Costs}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3660\posy6258\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : teleco m services sector in India requires an investment of Rs 50,000 crore over the next three}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy6540\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch years to meet the gro wing demand. A substantial share wo uld b e required for the mobile services market. The}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy6848\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch GSM service providers are yet to justify the huge investments made in this field and are not keen on MNP.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7308\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2457\posy7308\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Custo mer Retention/Increased Competition}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7321\posy7308\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch - The service providers are also on guard against the risk of}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy7616\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\

f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch losing customers and revenues in the post-MNP era.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8076\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy8076\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Infrastructure Upgrade}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5042\posy8076\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : To support MNP, a company has to up grade both its hardware and software}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy8357\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch capabilities, which will amount to some cost.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8818\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy8818\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Cost Recovery and Bill Reconciliation/Query Processing}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx8677\posy8818\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : When a customer plans to shift, the old service}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9125\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch provider (OSP) has to perform a query to identify if there are any billing amou nts pending, which they need to}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9408\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch recover before the subscriber mo ves to the new service provid er (NSP).}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9893\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9893\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Several issues need to be cleared by the regulator before implementing the MNP. Primary among these are the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10176\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch limited mobility versus mobile services, carrier access code (CAS), finalisation of the Interconnect Usage}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10482\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Charges (IUC), etc.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy10944\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10944\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The regulator must ensure that there is ab solute transparency in the charges for the person calling a ported}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11225\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch number and another receiving the call on a ported number. Only such clarity will ensure widespread usage}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11532\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch among the Indian mobile users and make MNP a widely used feature.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy11968\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.5 Implementing Number Portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12480\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Let us look at some of the basic terminologies used in an y porting

process:}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12965\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Donor network: The initial network where the number was located before ever being ported.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13477\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Originating network: The network where the calling party is connected.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13989\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Recipient net work: The network where a number is located after being ported.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14501\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Database: The store of ported numbers with their relevant routing numbers.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15040\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Routing number: A specific number that is derived and used by the network to route the call}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15397\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch towards a ported number.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15884\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch New service provider}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx4325\posy15884\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch (}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx4530\posy15884\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NSP):}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5170\posy15884\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch It is the recipient carrier i.e., the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx8908\posy15884\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch new service provider}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx11289\posy15884\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch to which the subscriber}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16165\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch wishes to subscribe to.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16626\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Old service pro vider (OSP):}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5042\posy16626\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The donor carrier is the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7525\posy16626\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch old service provider}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9676\posy16626\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch , which the subscriber wishes to leave.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17061\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Number Portability Administration Center (NPAC)}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7680\posy17061\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch : The authority responsible for maintaining NP solutions in}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17369\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch different regions.}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy1728\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Both the OSP and NSP carriers will have access to their

own wireless network, order entry and point of sale}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2034\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch terminals. Further, the two competing carriers WNP architectures will be connected at two points:}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy2956\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy2956\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Intercarrier communications process (ICP)}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3417\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy3417\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Number portability administration center (NPAC).}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3877\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch In number portability the donor network provides the number and the recipient network }\par}{\ pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4236\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch accepts the number. The operation of donating a number requires that a number is snapped}\par}{\pard \qj\ phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4594\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch out from a network and snapped into the receivi ng network. If the subscriber ceases to need}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4953\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch the number then i t is normal that the original donor receives the number back and snaps back }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\ posy5337\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch the number to its network. The situation is slightly more complex if the user leaves the first}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5696\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch operator for a second and then subsequentl y elects to use a third operator. In this case the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6053\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch second operator will return the number to the first and then it is assigned to the third}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy6565\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Calls to ported numbers are completed when a customer who calls a ported number sends}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6924\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch the dialed number to a provider's SSP (Service Switch Point), where it is identified either as a local}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7282\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch call or not. If the call is local, the switch has the NPA-NXX in its routing table as portable, so it}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7641\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch sends a routing request to the STP (Signaingl Transfer Point) which accesses a local database}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8000\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch that is updated by an LSMS (Local Service Management System) which holds all routing for all}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8357\

dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ported numbers to which the carrier is responsible for completing calls. If routi ng information is}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8716\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch found, a response is sent to the "query" containing the information necessary to pr operly r oute}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9100\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch the call. If it is not a local number, the call is passed on to the STP and routed until it gets to a}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9458\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch local carrier who will perform the "query" mentioned earlier and route the call accordingly.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9920\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.6 ELEMENTS of MNP}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10482\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy10482\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch MNP Clearing house(MCHA) & i ts Disaster recovery site}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10944\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy10944\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NP Database (NPDB) & its Disaster recovery site with security provisions}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11404\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy11404\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NP gateways at operators end}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11890\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy11890\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB at operators end}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12300\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.7 Database Managem ent for MNP}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy12864\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch All implementations of mobile number portability invol ve the use of databases which contain}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13221\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch information of the networks and associated ported numbers. This information is used for a call to}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13580\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch determine the correct terminating network of a ported number. Databases relating to Number}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13938\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Portability are typically managed either in a centralised or in a distributed manner. Logically}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14297\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Centralised Database with regionally located databases is setup and managed by neural third}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14681\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch party

setup by operators.Logically Centralised approach may serve as a common platform for}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15040\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ordering, provisioning, and notification process of number portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15474\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.7.1 Synchronisation of Database Updation of different operators}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy16037\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Port information is kept in a centralized master of Reference Database.Any update to the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16396\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Reference Database is broadcasted more or less in real time to all operators. (push}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16754\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch method).Alternatively Reference Database can be downloaded by operators (pull method).}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17216\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.8 NP Ordering Process}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17701\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.8.1 One-stop shopping process}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy1753\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The customer only needs to contact the recipient operator and authorize this operator to}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2112\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch handle the porting}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2572\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.8.2 Two-stop shopping process}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3109\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1st step: the customer requests the existing mobile operator, the cancell ation of his}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy3442\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch contract and a Porting Authorisation Code (PAC);}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3904\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 2nd step: the customer apply a new contract with the new operator and ask him to port}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2841\posy4210\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch his number with the PAC.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4620\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.9 Technical Solutions}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5132\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.9.1 Direct Routing (All Call Query)}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5669\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Routing of a call directly from the originating network to the terminating mobile network, which}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6028\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch requires the originating networ k to determine the correct destination for a given number}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3276\posy6553\dfrmtxtx0\

dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Centralized}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7500\posy6553\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch RECEPIENT}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3685\posy7244\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf2\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6272\posy8805\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs40\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 3}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2816\posy9241\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs40\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1 2}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7909\posy10521\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch DONOR}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3097\posy10674\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ORIGINATING}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7680\posy11212\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3328\posy11365\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6629\posy12441\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs20\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Figure 3.1 All Call Query}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12812\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.9.2 Query on Release}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy13376\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The donor network after confirmi ng that the number is ported, returns a message to the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13733\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ori ginating network indicating that the number is moved. The originating network than quarries a}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14092\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch database to obtain information identifying the correct terminating network}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3353\posy1765\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Centralized}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx7808\posy1765\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch RECEPIENT}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3762\posy2482\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf2\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6297\posy3776\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs42\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 5}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2789\posy4236\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs42\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 3}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx4480\posy4236\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs42\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 4}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6501\posy5925\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs42\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 2}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx8242\posy5989\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch DONOR}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3148\posy6144\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ORIGINAT ING}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx8012\posy6681\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3404\posy6834\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\

expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6400\posy7282\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs42\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6450\posy8192\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs20\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Figure3.2 Query on Release}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8562\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.9.3 Onward Routing}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3762\posy8960\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf3\f0\fs204\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch X}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9100\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The donor network identifies the correct terminating mobile network and routes the call}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9484\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch onwards to that network}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3072\posy10572\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Centralized}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6476\posy10572\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch RECEPIENT}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3404\posy11186\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf2\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6988\posy12300\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs32\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 4}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9138\posy13760\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs32\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 2}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9856\posy13760\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Internal}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6809\posy13797\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch DONOR}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2892\posy13900\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ORIGINATING}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5452\posy14117\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs32\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9984\posy14400\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf2\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6629\posy14412\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3097\posy14514\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs25\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9138\posy14706\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs32\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 3}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6501\posy15436\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs20\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Figure 3.3 Onward Routing}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15781\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.9.4 Call Drop Back}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy16345\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The donor network after confirming that the number is ported, releases the call back to the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16704\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ori ginating network together with the information identifying the correct terminating network}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6373\posy1804\dfrmtxtx0\

dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch RECEPIENT}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3225\posy1957\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Centralized}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3557\posy2546\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf2\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6988\posy3404\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 5}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx8832\posy4761\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 2}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5298\posy4837\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6706\posy4928\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch DONOR}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9625\posy4928\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Internal}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2892\posy5056\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ORIGINATING}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx9728\posy5516\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf2\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NPDB}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6528\posy5541\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx3097\posy5644\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\b\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch NETWORK}\b0\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx8908\posy5682\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 3}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx5376\posy6016\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs30\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 4}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6706\posy6706\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs20\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Figure 4 Call drop Back}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7589\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.10 Recommendations of TRAI on Mobile Number Portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8153\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy8153\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch MNP withi n servi ce area [MNP to be launched in Metro cities ini tially and in all India}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy8460\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch subsequently within service area Accepted]}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8946\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy8946\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Mandate all UASLs/ CMSPs to implement Mobile Number Portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9408\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9408\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch All Call Query Method be implemented}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9868\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9868\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch When N operators are involved in the complete call setup considering 1 being the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10176\dfrmtxtx0\

dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ori ginating operator and N being Terminating operator, (N-1)th operator shall be responsibl e}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10508\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch for routing the call to ported numbers.(accepted)}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy10969\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy10969\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Mobile Operators through neutral third party shall establish logically centralised database}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11276\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch with not more than 5 regionally located databases. Cost of this database shall be borne}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11584\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch proportionately based on subscriber base by each operator}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12069\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy12069\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Other issues relating to creation of database, interfaces, performance parameters, service}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy12377\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch levels shall be resolved by discussion and coordination among all the stakeholders.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12837\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy12837\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch A steering committee consisting of operators, industry association and TEC under the aegis of}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy13170\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch TRAI shal l be constituted to workout the details of these implementation i ssues}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13632\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy13632\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Mobile Operators shall adopt Centralised Clearing house preferably electronic processing}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy13938\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch approach for processing porting requests. Cost of such central clearing house shall be borne}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy14245\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch by all the operators. A neutral third party will administer such clearing house}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14732\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy14732\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The design of clearing House will be such that total time to port should not exceed three}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy15040\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch working days initially but up gradable to much faster levels.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15500\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\

fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy15500\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Customer shall approach the recipient operator for porti ng his number.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15961\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy15961\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch In respect of porting charges, only Recipient operator shall be permitted to charge a fee for}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy16293\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch successful porting}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16754\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy16754\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Donor operator shall not use ported out numbers till such time it is in use by the ported}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy17061\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch subscriber. After the surr endering of number by ported subscriber the number shall revert}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy17369\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch back to the original donor operator}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17856\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy17856\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The up-gradati on cost of their network shall be borne by the operators.}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy1753\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch }\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy1753\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Common setup costs for Number Portability Administration Center (NPAC), Clearing House}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy2060\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch would be borne by operators based on the subscriber market share of operators as on 1st}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy2393\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Jan 2007 [Accepted date of subs base date will be 1st Jan08 ]}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2802\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.11 Costs associated with Number Portability}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3365\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The costs incurred in the provision of number por tability may be broadly divided into three}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3724\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch categori es}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4160\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The System Setup Cost (CAPEX of Database Setup) & OPEX}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy4722\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch These costs ensure that all or most users have the capability to use number portability. These}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5081\dfrmtxtx0\

dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch may be the costs of establishing/maintaining routing databases, conditioning existing network s,}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5440\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch upgrading network switches, and modifying existing software. These are the costs that a provider}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5797\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch may incur in establishing the capacity to provide number portability on its own network and in its}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6181\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch associ ated operational support and administration}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6617\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Administration Cost (Customer Transfer Cost)}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy7180\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch These are customer transfer costs or porting costs. They include the costs incurred by service}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7538\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch providers in closing an existing account, setting-up a new account and coordinating the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy7897\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch network operators in the switching over of the mobi le number and r outi ng of the calls; costs of}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8256\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch new handsets or SIM cards; and caller costs (the additional delay in setting up a call to a ported}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy8613\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch number).}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9049\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Call Conveyance Cost (Not Relevant in case of Direct Routing)}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy9612\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The costs of additional conveyance of calls to ported numbers in the case that they must}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy9970\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch transit the donor network.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy10944\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.12 MNP implementation in India and Role of TRAI}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy11506\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch In November 2007 the telecom ministry decided to introduce MNP in various stages,}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy11865\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch beginning with metros. The government had announced the plan to introduce mobile number}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12249\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch portabi lity in the first phase in the four metros - Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai - by the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12608\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch fourth

quarter of 2008. Implementation of MNP i n A circles like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy12965\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu was to be taken up from April 2008.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy13477\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Telecom regulator TRAI on 11}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6194\posy13477\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch April 2008 recommended the implementation of nation-wide}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx6016\posy13516\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs14\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch th}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy13836\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch mobile number portability from June 2009 onwards in a phased manner. TRAI has also sought the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14194\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Department of Telecoms (DoTs) nod to select an operator for providing and operating mobile}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy14553\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch number portability solutions.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy15065\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch TRAI had earlier set up a steering committee to deliberate issues pertaining to}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15424\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch implementation of mobile number portability in India. Based on the interim report of the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy15781\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch committee, the regulator has now come out with draft guidelines for appointment of a central}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16165\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch agency. It was this steering committee which helped the regulator put together its i nteri m report}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy16524\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch on certain key issues including the request for proposal for selection of an operator.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy17036\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch While stating that a neutral third party shoul d implement request for proposal, TRAI has also}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17394\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch added that this company shoul d not have any substantial equity directly or indirectly in any of}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy17753\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch the Indian service providers.}\par}{ \sect}\sectd \pgwsxn15667\pghsxn24388\linex0 {\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy1753\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The regulator has also cl arified that tel cos would have the bear the cost of the cost of}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy2112\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch upgrade of their networks for the implementation of Mobile number portability.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\

posx1920\posy2572\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs28\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch 1.13 Conclusion}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy3136\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Over the past decade, number portability of various types has been implemented in a}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3520\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch range of countries The detailed history of number portability implementation in each country is}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy3877\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch unique, but later implementations had the advantage of being able to take i nto account the}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy4236\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch experiences of earl ier implementations}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx2380\posy4748\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch Recently IDC had conducted a study, which revealed that 30 per cent of mobile users are}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5106\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch ready to change their operator if given a better option. TRAI said that the introduction of}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5465\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch number portability will also benefit operators as they will strive to offer better service to prevent}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy5824\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch churn. However , mobile operators are not k een to implement it fearing huge churn. International}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6181\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch experience proves that there is substantial improvement in the QoS after introduction of NP.}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx13465\posy6181\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch The}\par}{\pard \qj\phpg\pvpg\posx1920\posy6540\dfrmtxtx0\dfrmtxty0{\cf1\f0\fs22\expnd5\expndtw-1\kerning0\loch roadmap to MNP requires cooperation of all the stakeholders.}\par}{ \sect}}