2nd brics workshop, rio de janeiro, 25-27 april 2007 south africa’s nis in brics jo lorentzen...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007
South Africa’s NIS in BRICS
Jo LorentzenHSRC, Cape Town
![Page 2: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
South Africa’s NIS: fact… …and fiction People and resources in innovation
research in SA Towards a BRICS NIS agenda
5-country comparative research or integrated, horizontal programme
BRICS linkages: a first take A walk on the wild side: EU FP7
![Page 3: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Evolution of the policy environment for the knowledge economy and the NIS
GOALS:Global competitivenessEquitable socio-economicdevelopment
POLICY:White Paper on Science and Technology (1996)
GENERICINSTRUMENTS:Innovation FundTHRIPSPII
TECHNOLOGYPLATFORMS:BiotechnologyICTNew materials
TE
N-Y
EA
R S
&T
PL
AN
(200
8-1
8)
Hyd
rog
en
eco
nom
y, f
arm
er-
to-
ph
arm
a,
space
, g
lob
al
shif
ts
![Page 4: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Our understanding of BRICS NISs represents only 6-7% of knowledge of NISs worldwide.
Articles cited in ISI, 1997-2007
Subject Brazil
China
India
Russia SA BRICS
World
NIS 5 10 8 0 3 26 342
Technological learning
16 26 7 0 12 61 1,043
Innovation indicators
3 5 9 1 4 22 345
Total 24 41 24 1 19 109 1,730
![Page 5: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Contribution by BRICS to global knowledge not commensurate with economic importance.
ISI country rankings by publication, 1996-2006
Rank Country Papers Citations Cit./pap.
13 China 422,993 1,646,673
3.89
18 Russia 286,194 1,082,164
3.78
21 India 211,063 858,539 4.07
23 Brazil 130,065 682,826 5.25
37 SA 43,012 270,738 6.29
? BRICS 1,093,327
4,540,940
4.15
1 USA 2,907,592
40,400,708
13.89
![Page 6: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Usual Suspects:In SA, few people with limited resources analyse
the NISInstitution Principal output
Dep. of S&T: National Advisory Council of Innovation (NACI)
Commissions research
HSRC: Education, Science and Skills Development; Knowledge Systems
Techn. learning, UILs, R&D Survey, Innovation Survey
TUT: Institute for Economic Research on Innovation
Globelics 2005, African Peer Review Mechanism, UILs
UCT-GSB: Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Investment Climate Survey, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
UP: Institute for Technological Innovation
Country rankings
US: Centre for Research on Science & Technology
SA Knowledge Base
![Page 7: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pursuing BRICS-wide research as opposed to deepening national studies implies a trade-off.Trade-off hinges on two questions:1. Do we know enough about individual
countries to do anything other than ex-post comparisons?
2. Is BRICS an economic reality or merely a fashionable acronym?
Extent and depth of intra-BRICS linkages Trade and investment Movement of people S&T cooperation
![Page 8: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Example:Internationalisation of R&D and innovation systems
DEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES
DEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES
FDI, trade, S&T agreemts, people
Knowledge
I
RC
BS
![Page 9: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Intra-BRICS trade is important.Technological learning in low tech > catch-up in high tech.
BRICS share in world economy (2005 or most recent available)
GDP X Hi-tech X
M BRICS/M
ODI IDI
Brazil 1.8 1.1 0.3 0.7 14.9 1.9 2.8
Russia
1.0 1.7 0.4 1.2 11.2 0.9 0.9
India 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.3 10.3 .. 0.8
China 5.2 6.7 8.4 5.5 8.3 0.0 7.3
SA 0.4 0.4 .07 0.4 13.6 1.5 0.0
BRICS 10.2 11.1 9.4 9.1 9.6 4.3 11.8
![Page 10: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The exact extent of research cooperation and intra-BRICS people movement is not clear.Share in global knowledge flows: not much happening
in BRICS?
Patents Royalties
Migration
R&D Non-res.
Res. Pubs Out In
Brazil 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 1.2 0.8 0.09
Russia 6.4 0.5 0.8 2.6 2.3 1.5 0.3
India 3.7 0.7 2.2 0.8 1.3 3.8 0.02
China 2.9 2.5 12.6 7.5 4.2 3.6 0.2
SA 0.6 0.2 2.4 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.05
BRICS 13.9 4.8 18.9 12.1 9.3 10.6 0.66
![Page 11: 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e3a5503460f94b2bcfc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hierarchy of official S&T cooperation:some BRICS, but how much mortar?
IT,health/
medicine,defence
Agri-/acquaculture,geology and mineral resources,
HRD
Space, biofuels/renewables
Standards, radio&TV, metgallurgy&steel, ocean S&T, SARAS duet, laser S&T, seismology,high-purity materials, ayurveda, telecom, antarctic cooperation, endangered species, animal health