9 Jan 2014

BIO LAB 2nd DepEx Reviewer

I. EXERCISE 8: Longitudinal section of the external morphology of a tadpole

• organogenesis - differentiation of MESODERM

• Schumway's chart of frog development

• 4-7 mm frog embryo : somites, gills, and tail

• 10 mm tadpole: small fish with a prominent tail

- gills

- ventral suckers

- horny jaws

- lips and papillae

- sense organs

- myotomes

II. EXERCISE 9: Serial Transverse section on the development of 10 mm tadpole

A. Level of the Olfactory Placode

• internal nares = choanae

• external nares = olfactory pits

• lateral appendix = outgrowth near epidermis and external nares

• notochord: surrounded by FIBROUS SHEATH

• parachordal cartilage: basophilic nuclei of chondrocytes

• dorsal lip: 3 rows of teeth (3-D)

• venral lip: 4 rows of DECIDUOUS teeth (V-4)

• Layers of the brain wall

-EPENDYMAL LAYER: supportive in function; w/ cilia To move CSF

- MANTLE LAYER: becomes GRAY MATTER of CNS

- MARGINAL LAYER: becomes WHITE MATTER of CNS

B. Level of the Optic Cup

• mandibular muscles vs mandibular cartilage: muscles - fusiform (spindle-shaped) nuclei + greater staining affinity (darker)

C. Level of the Heart <3

• Velar plate: prevents clogging of gill slits with ingested food

• gill rakers: prevent passage of solid particles through the gill slits; mechanical sifting of water

• internal gills: derived from branchial arches III, IV, and V

• GILL FILAMENTS

D. Level of the Glottis

E. Level of the lung buds

• nephrostome: lined by cilia; removal of larval waste products is accomplished by CILIARY MOTION

• spiracle: for egress of water

F. Level of the mesonephros

G. Level of the cloaca

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22 Jan 2014

I. 18-hour chick embryo whole mount

*notochord (still a head process!)

*HEAD ECTODERM

II. SERIAL TRANSVERSE SECTION OF AN 18-HOUR CHICK EMBRYO

A. LEVEL OF THE NOTOCHORD OR HEAD PROCESS

*notochord/head process

B. LEVEL OF THE HENSEN'S NODE

C. LEVEL OF THE PRIMITIVE PIT

D. LEVEL OF THE PRIMITIVE GROOVE

*PRIMITIVE GUT

*AREA PELLUCIDA

*AREA OPACA

III. WHOLE MOUNT OF A 24-HOUR CHICK EMBRYO

*SUBCEPHALIC POCKET

*MARGIN OF THE FOREGUT

*NOTOCHORD

IV. SERIAL TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A 24-HOUR CHICK EMBRYO

A. LEVEL OF THE ANTERIOR NEUROPORE

*FOREGUT

*ORAL PLATE

*SUBCEPHALIC POCKET

B. LEVEL OF THE AMNIO-CARDIAC VESICLE

*SPLANCHNOPLEURE

C. LEVEL OF THE ANTERIOR INTESTINAL PORTAL

D. LEVEL OF THE MIDGUT

*CARDIAC PRIMORDIA= thickened splanchnic mesoderm

E. LEVEL OF THE SOMITE

F. LEVEL OF THE PRIMITIVE PIT

*AREA OPACA VASCULOSA

*AREA OPACA VITELLINA

V. WHOLE MOUNT OF A 33-HOUR CHICK EMBRYO

*PROSOCOEL

*ANTERIOR NEUROPORE

*NOTOCHORD

*SINUS RHOMBOIDALIS

*AUDITORY/OTIC VESICLE

*AORTIC ARCHES

*VITELLINE PLEXUS

*SINUS TERMINALIS

VI. SERIAL TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A 33-HOUR CHICK EMBRYO

A. LEVEL OF THE PROSENCEPHALON

*OPTIC VESICLES

*OPTOCOEL

*ECTODERM

*MESENCHYME

*BLOOD ISLANDS

*HEAD FOLD

*LATERAL BODY FOLD/ LATERAL LIMITING SULCUS

B. MESENCEPHALON

*FOREGUT

*ORAL PLATE

C. LEVEL OF THE HEART

*OTIC PLACODE

D. LEVEL OF THE MIDGUT

*ANTERIOR INTESTINAL PORTAL

*OMPHALOMESENTERIC VEINS

E. LEVEL OF THE SOMITE

*COELOM

brought to you by: BOGS!

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