2nd wave fem notes.docx

8/17/2019 2nd wave fem notes.docx

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To fnish up the presentations today, I will discuss the beautiuldark side o 2nd wave eminism. Through my presentation, we willdiscover the outbreak o black eminism in the 19!s, its relation towhite eminism aka mainstream eminism, and its connection to the"ivil #ights $ovement. %e will also encounter black emale individuals

who were never talked about, who were never respectully or publiclycredited or their accomplishments. %e will encounter the ones whosehistories never made it to the books.

&ow, I said we would discuss relations between black eminismand white eminism' well(there are no relations. These were twoseparate movements. The only thing that one could consider as beingsomething to link these two very di)erent entities is the scientifc actthat these ladies were emale. *ut, these emales are all di)erent,because they e+perience di)erent things. They have di)erent levels o struggle. nd the reason behind the di)erence o that struggle is race.

-uring my research, I was trying to fnd a decent set o wordsthat could serve as a sneak peak into what black eminism was, and Iran across an autobiography o nne $oody. nne $oody was anauthor who shared her stories o growing up as a black poor girl in$ississippi. he was involved with the "ivil #ights $ovement, fghtingor racial e/uality. 0ere is what she said in her autobiography

%hen she says we3 she4s reerring to the black emale race.*lack emales did not have the same opportunities, choices,guidelines, let alone reedom like white emales had when it came to

eminism. In this passage, she is saying that in order or us to get byin lie3, to not cause trouble, we have to silence ourselves, 5ust so thatwe can appear like ladies should, and so that we don4t make the whitepeople mad. he is basically saying that we were told be slaves, yetagain. nd the issue about this is that we cannot get by in lie3 withbeing silent, and i we do speak, we are not heard, so actions had to betaken to change this. This idea has been the platorm o every fght,every human war within our history, that being the fght or raciale/uality, gender e/uality, human e/uality, eminist e/uality.

%ith having that said, lightly touching upon the idea that in thattime, black emales were fghting a dual war, that being fghting orracial e/uality within the eminist movement, and then fghting orgender e/uality in the rican merican civil rights movement, thisidea is called intersectionality. %hen gender and racial e/uality met, itwas ignored. &o one wanted to pay attention to the %&T people had,specifcally black emales, o being accepted as both *6"7 and8$6. ter slavery ended, oppression was in the air, and black



emales su)ered rom racial and gender ine/uality. The powerulbeginning o 2nd wave eminism, and the civil rights movement tookplace side by side. %hen I say the rise3 or the power3 o the 2nd wave, I am reerring to the power the black emales had that rose intothem creating their own movement, that being the *lack 8eminist

$ovement.o, here is a fnal defnition we can use to e+press the meaningo black eminism in one o her writings, the author :ane ;erhard saysthat black eminism is

*lack eminism was an independent movement in which the fghtor any kind o oppression e+isted.

*ecause black eminism was considered an independent

movement, there were a couple eminist groups within the movementitsel. *lack eminist organi<ations advocated these ollowing ideas

1. Inclusion = *lack eminists wanted all black women toknow that eminism was not only made or white emales.

2. The ne+t idea they advocated was Partnership blackeminists wanted the white eminists to share and acceptthe diversity in leadership.

$ichele %allace, 8aith #inggold, -oris %right and $argaretloan=0unter ounded the NBFO' these ladies were all eminists,activists, authors and artists. They started the organi<ation in 19>?.

$embers o this group were mostly emales rom the civil rightsmovement. 0omophobia was an issue during this time. I twoeminists were seen together, they automatically held the lesbianstereotype. ven though black emales were fghting or racial andgender e/uality, there was still a separation between the hetero andhomose+ual individuals. The Combahee River Collection, oundedin 19>@, was a black socialist eminist organi<ation specifcallywelcoming black eminists and lesbians. The ounder, *arbara mith,who was a lesbian, came up with the name, as it reers to 0arriet Tubman who in 1A?, set slaves ree by the "ombahee #iver in outh"arolina.

ngela -avis was probably one o the most popular emaleactivists during this 2nd wave eminism era. he was very radical in the19!s, or she was leader o the "ommunist Barty C. he wasinvolved in the "ivil #ights $ovement, along with the *lack BantherBarty. &ot only was she an activist, but also she was a scholar and



author. %hile her main interest o study was eminism, she alsoresearched rican merican studies, critical theory and $ar+ism. Iwanted to mention $ar+ism since we discussed it in class. s review,we can relate its defnition to the goals o black eminism. The idea o$ar+ism, and or communism, is that the act o change is revolutionary,

versus progressive and conservative. This was great attitude or blackeminists because they needed to have urgent change, they needed tohave a revolution to gain their e/ual standings as a black, emale,human, eminist. ngela -avis represented that. he is the epitomeo black eminism.

I wanted to end my presentation today with the same picturecollage you saw in the frst slide. I wanted to end with mentioning thecommon goals o the 2nd wave eminism era that were touched uponearlier such as, se+uality, the amily, the workplace, and reproductiverights. This era o eminism included the goals o women fghting or

e/uality in the world, e/uality with men in their home at the workplaceetc(to have air opporotunities, to not hold the stereotype o a womannot being powerul. The pictures that you see here are pictures owomen, specifcally black women, who broke the stereoype o thewoman not being a powerul one, not having a big 5ob etc...thesewomen you see have been the rist o black women to be supremecourt 5ustices, to be members o the state senates where they lived,these women were heads o mental health departments, oversealawyers, televsion hosts, best selling authors, municipal 5udges o theirstates, members o the house o representatives, assitants o thesecretary o state, assembly women, proessors o surgery, civil service

presidents, this list goes on orever and ever. These women haveachieved careers that were only seen to be achieved my men. Thesewomen, along with many others, are the histroy to emale success andpower.

I want to read some o their names to you 5ust so you can hearthem, 5ot them down, go look them up later, read about these ladieswho didn4t make it to the history books

1959 -Juanita Kidd Stout- justice of the supreme court

1959 -Ruth j Bowen- author

1960 -Moms’ Mably-comedienne1962 chicago -Edith Spurlock Sampson- municipal court judge

1962 -Verda Freeman Welcome - state senate maryland

1962 -Deverne Lee Calloway - state office of missouri

1962 -Mildred Mitchell Bateman - head of Mental Health Dept west virginia

1964 -Constance Baker Motley - seat in state senate NYC and federal judge

1967 -Ersa Hines POston - New York Civil Service Commission President

Patricia Roberts Harris - lawyer, overseas ambassador



1966 -Yvonne Braithwaite Burke - california assembly women

1967 -Jane Cooke Wright - dean of New York medical college - associate dean and professor of surgery

1967 -Grace Towns Hamilton - state legislature, atlanta, urban league

1969 -Edith Jacqueline Ingram-Grant - judge of hancock county court of ordinary

1967 -renee powell - LGPA tour, won USGA title

1967 -dorothy lavinia brown - state legislature tenseseee

1968 -diahann Carroll - own television series

1969 -Gail Fisher - emmy award, duse award

1968 -marguerite Ross Barnett - president of the University of Missouri

1969 -Mal Johnson - television reporter to cover the white house - national correspondent of WKBS-TV

1968 -Shirley Chisholm - HOR brooklyn new york

1965 -Barbara Charline Jordan - texas state legislature

1968 -Hannah Diggs Atkins - elected to the state of HOR

1968 -Barbara M. Watson - assistant secretary of state, state department

1969 -Lilian W. Burke- municipal judge in ohio

1969 -Georgia M. Davis Powers - kentucky state senate

1969 -Maya Angelou - (Marguerite Johnson) non fiction work on the best sellers list

1969 -Della reese - tv show host

2nd wave fem notes.docx

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