Types of Productivity

Productivity Growth Rate

Output

Labor

Single Factor Productivity

Output

Materials

Output

Capital

Multifactor Productivity

Output

Labor + Materials + Overheads

Output

Labor + Energy + Capital

Total Factor Productivity

Goods and Services Produced

All inputs used to produce them

Output is of quality nature

America West’s Reverse Pyramid system

This is in contrast to the approach used by many airlines of just boarding all seats starting from the back of the plane and working forward.