3-3 growth of judaism[1]

7/29/2019 3-3 Growth of Judaism[1]

1/30

p. 213


2/30

Babylon-city capital in Mesopotamia of the Chaldeans-Jews were sent there as punishmentJudas Maccabeus-priest who rebels against Greeks

Herod-Roman king in JerusalemZealots-a group who revolted against Romans

Johanan ben Zakkai-rabbi who convinces Romans not todestroy Jamnia.

Exile-forced to live in another landSabbath-weekly day of worship and rest

Synagogue-Jewish house of worship


3/30

Disapora-Greek word meaning scattered

Messiah-deliverer sent by God

Rabbi-Jewish leaders of Synagogue(pastors, priests)


4/30

Religion known as Judaism

While in exile in Babylon, small groups

still met together on Sabbath.They met in synagogues (peoples

houses) to worship and read Torah.

This gave them hopeof a return toJudah/Israel


5/30

500 BC Persians (Iran) and defeat the

Chaldeans and capture Babylon.

Persian King Cyrus lets Jews return to Judah.Some stay in Babylon.

Cyrus appoints officials to rule Judah, collect

taxes, etc.

Because Persians controlled Judah, Jews

looked to religion for leadership-rabbis


6/30

Jewish leaders become temple priests,

rabbis, scribes and scholars.

Scribe Ezra wrote down the first 5 booksof Torah on parchment.

Sewed it together in scrolls

Torah and other writing become theHebrew Bible


7/30

Series of books collected together

5 books of Torah plus 34 books

The books describe Jewish history.1 book in Torah is Genesis-God created earth

and man in 6 days and rested on 7th day

God punished them with the flood. Noah to build

an ark, put animals in, cover earth in water. (ice

age melts)


8/30


9/30

Book of Daniel addresses peaceful futureDaniel, Jewish kid, living in BabylonWorks for King Darius, Persian KingKing thinks he is great and other advisorsin court are jealous of Daniel

Convince Darius to have a week whereeveryone must worship Darius but Danielwont do it (punishment is death)


10/30

Daniel worships God and advisors catch him.

Take him to Darius. He is bummed because he

has to follow his own order and kill Daniel.Put Daniel in Lions Den as death sentence.

Darius is really upset.

Daniel liveslions are pets

God protected me because he was faithful

Darius kills the other advisors.


11/30

334BC Alex the Great (Greek King)

Eventually he defeats the Persians

Judah becomes his

Lets Jews stay in Judah, he introduces

Greek language and Greek lifestyle


12/30

Jews are living all around Alexanders empire

Some in Babylon, Egypt, Phoenicia, Samaria,and other lands as well as Judah.

Jews outside of Judah were known as theDiaspora. scattered

Learned Greek ways but were still faithful to

JudaismCopied Hebrew Bible into Greek which spreadthe Jewish ideas all around the empire.


13/30

168BC Greek ruler Antiochus controlled Judah.

He decided they had to worship Greek gods andgoddesses

Judas Maccabeeus and followers rebelled.Drove the Greeks out of Judah

Cleaned out temple and made it Jewish worship area

Celebrate yearly Hanukkah (8 days to clean temple out)

Maccabeus family ruled Judah and took over part of theSamaria area known as Israel.(100 years or so)


14/30

Passover: Passover the door and freeing themfrom EgyptRosh Hoshana (new year): Jewish New Year

5771Yom Kippur (day of atonement): make amendsfor past years sinsHanukkah (dedication): Celebrate Maccabees

victory and reclaiming of the templeHow did Alexander the Great affect/influence theJews?


15/30

Jewish law set out many rules for Jews to

follow

Laws affected food, clothes, etc.Laws emphasized self-control and

reminded Jews of their religion and to keep

them safe and well.


16/30

Read about Ruth and Naomi on page

219.

List at least 5 things you learned abouttheir story.

Use complete sentences in your own

words.


17/30

Orthodox-follow the original way

Forbids mixing of different fabrics-flax or wool,but cant mix the two

Tunic of linen (plant fibers) and layered it with awool or sheepskin cloak

Caps/turbans, sandals

Women wear long, simple dresses, coveredhead with shawl, richer wear shoes, makeup andjewelry


18/30

Rabbis were the religious teachers

Only boys were allowed to go to school

and read the TorahAge 5 to school and the hazen (teacher)

taught them everything from Torah.

Age 13, you are done with school and arean adult.


19/30

Sons are valued because they carry the family

name and take over when father dies.

Education-first teacher is parentFathers teach earning a living and Torah

Girls educated at home by Mother.

Learn about laws re: food/clothing

Learn historical Jewish women that become role

models: Ruth, Naomi, Deborah


20/30

Jews can only eat certain animals.

Nothing with a cloven hoof

Can eat beef and lamb, but no porkWhy not pork? Pigs are dirty, eat anything, carrydiseases

Eat scaly fish, salmon, trout

No smooth skinned fish, eel, clams, oysters

(bottom feeders)

Law about food are Kashrut (Kosher)


21/30

Also separate containers for dairy andmeats and vegetables-cant eat meat and

dairy togetherAnimals must be killed in a certain way

Slit throat, bleed carcass, inspected, saltedand soak to preserve it

In ancient times, meals fish, vegetable, fruit,barley bread, milk, water, wine, beer

Why were sons so valued in Jewish society?


22/30

63 BC Romans conquered Judah

Roman capital is Rome, Italy, too far away

Rename it Judea and let the Jews run it.

King Herod (Jewish and Roman) in Jerusalem,improved temple, cruel, king when Jesus is born

Herod dies, and Roman take control, but Jews

had splintered into 3 groups and didnt havepower to rebel.


23/30

Pharisees

Big in oral tradition; all stories are passed

down my mouth.They believe that telling stories is

important to keep religion alive.

EX: tell about the Exodus from Egypt togenerations so they know the scoop


24/30

More concerned about how the Torah applied topriests in Temple.

Scribes and priests

Didnt agree with some of the Phariseesteachings.

They care about oral teachings; they were moreworried about the law and commandments

Strict with the dietary and social laws


25/30

Priests who broke away from the Temple

in Jerusalem-live in the desert

Spend life praying and waiting for God todeliver them from the Roman control

Follow the laws strictly like Sadducees

1947 we found their writing in caves bythe Dead Sea; Dead Sea Scrolls


26/30

Romans are hated. Cruel, controlling, tax,

persecute the Jews.

Jews want Canaan back.Waiting for a messiah-deliverer sent by

God (Moses, Jesus,)

Zealots just want to kill the Romans.


27/30

In 66 AD, Zealots revolt against Romans and are able todrive them from Jerusalem.70 AD, Romans return-kill thousands, force Jews toleave, destroy templeThe Western Wall is all that is left of the original temple.132 AD Simon Bar Kochba leads Jews against Romansagain-win135 AD Romans regroup quickly and take over: Jewishleaders and Kochba are killedRename the area Palestine for Philistines that Jewsconquered in Davids time. Ultimate dis


28/30

Survive, but priests are gone. The rabbibecomes the leader

Teach from the Torah, interpret what itmeans, provide guidance to peopleJohanan ben Zakkai, Pharisee.In 70 AD revolt when Romans sackJerusalem, he convinces them to notdestroy Jamnia, a Jewish city.


29/30

Able to keep Judaism alive, study Torah,emphasized loving kindness.

Center of study for 100s of years.Wanted to save their teachings-calledcommentariesPut commentaries together in TalmudThey persecuted an in 1948 Palestinedivided and a new Israel is created.


30/30

3-3 growth of judaism[1]

Documents