3-d data storage

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3-D DATA STORAGE

By,Bhargavkumar N. Tarpara


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Need?

Currently available data storage technology suchas CD/DVD and floppy are not capable of storinglarge amount of the data.

They all are called the one dimensional devicesor two-dimensional devices.

For increasing storage purpose we need a largestorage capacity .

So


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Types

There rare two types of 3-D data storage.

1) Holographic storage technology.

1) Fluorescent multi-layer storage

technology.


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1) Holographicstorage technology

What is holography?

Holography is a method of recording patterns

of light to produce a three-dimensional object.

The recorded patterns of light are called a

hologram.

For this we use Holographic Versatile Disc(HVD)


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What is hvd?

Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) is an opticaldisk technology which offers far more storagecapacity than CDs and DVDs even nextgeneration DVDs like BLU-RAY DISC.

HVD can store up to 3.9 terabytes (TB) ofinformation.


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Why HVD?

Device Capacity Compare to HVD

(approximate)

CD 700 MB 5500 TIMES LESS

DVD 4.7 GB 830 TIMES LESS

Single- layer-BLUE RAYDISC

54 GB 160 TIMES LESS

HARD DRIVE (As of 2007) 7 TIMES LESS


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Technology comparison.

Current opticalstorage saves one bitper pulse, and theHVD alliance hopes to

improve thisefficiency withcapabilities of around60,000 bits per pulse


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Structure of HVD

HVD uses a technology called 'collinearholography,' in which two laser rays, one greenand one red, are collimated into a single beam.

The role of the green laser is to read the dataencoded in the form of laser interference fromthe holographic layer on the top, while the redlaser serves the purpose of a reference beam and

also to read the servo info from the aluminumlayer - like in normal CDs - near the bottom of thedisk.

The servo info is meant to monitor the co-


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Writing Process of HVD

A simplified HVD system consists of the following

main components:

1. Blue or green laser (532-nm wavelength in thetest system)

2. Beam splitter/merger

3. Mirrors

4. Spatial light modulator (SLM)

5. CMOS sensor


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Writing data

The process of writinginformation onto anHVD begins withencoding theinformation intobinary data to bestored in the SLM.

These data are turnedinto ones and zeroesrepresented asopaque. ortranslucent areas on a"page" -- this page is


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Once the page of data is created, thenext step is to fire a laser beam into

a beam splitter to produce twoidentical beams.

One of the beams is directed away

from the SLM -- this beam becomesthe reference beam.

The other beam is directed towardthe SLM and becomes the

information beam.

When the information beam passesthrough the SLM, portions of the

light are blocked by the opaque


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Reading dataIn the HVD read system, the

laser projects a referencebeam onto the hologram(Read System 1 in the imageabove).

The hologram diffracts thisbeam according to thespecific pattern of lightinterference it's storing.

The resulting light recreatesthe image of the page datathat established the light-interference pattern in thefirst place.

When the reconstructionbeam bounces back off the


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Hvd capacity

The entire US Library of Congress can be storedon six HVDs, assuming that every book has beenscanned in the text format. The Library ofCongress is the largest in the world and contains

over 130 million items.

The pictures of every landmass on Earth - like theones shown in Google Earth - can be stored ontwo HVDs.

With MPEG4 ASP encoding, a 3.9 TB HVD can

hold anywhere between 4,600-11,900 hours of-


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Advantages

With a single holographic disk able to store 1.6million high-resolution color photos or over 240hours of TV broadcast.

The HVD has a transfer rate of 1 gigabit/s,(125 megabytes/s).


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Dis-advantages

Holographic drives are projected to initially costaround US$15,000.

A single disc around US$120180.


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2) Fluorescent multi-layerstorage technology.

Fluorescent Multilayer disc is a newtechnology developed by Constellation3D Inc.

It stores digital data in three dimensions.

It is a readable and re-writable disc.

It is an optical data storage disc, similarin size CD-ROMs And DVDs.


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Models of FDM


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Technological process ofManufacture

Hot stamping :

thin sheets ofpolycarbonate are

embossed on both sideswith the metal stampersat elevated temperatures.

pits are then filled with t

he fluorescent dye. After the dye is cured, t

he individual sheets arebonded together under

pressure, resulting in astorage media having

Figure shows a

7-layer


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FDM Recording

Technology used: WORM (WriteOnce Read Many)

A series of rewritable discscalled FMD WORM.

Two rules to be followed whilerecording :

The write laser should ableto turn the fluorescence onor off.


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FMD Read device

Reading process is carriedout with the help of a

photosensitive element.

Device can read low-powerfluorescense of 10 MHz.

Reading speed up to1GB/sec.


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Comparison of disk layer


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Application

Storage of a very high detailed archive ofmaps.

Ability to store a large amount of files in

uncompressed format. Ability to store the whole of a series of TV

programme (eg, 20 episodes, each an

hour long). Digital cinema film, HDTV players.

Internet content streaming and data

backup storage

3-d data storage

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