Organic Molecules (Biomolecules)

Biochemistry 3DOWNLOAD A QR CODE READER ON YOUR PHONE IF YOU DO NOT HAVE ONEHow do professional athletes fuel their bodies? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YoUmgqUSdpgAverage Person: 2,000 calorie diet What would happen if these athletes stopped competing and kept eating the same way? Which biomolecules did the athletes consume most? Why do you think that?

Molecular Structure: BiomoleculesWhat are the key giveaways to help us identify each biomolecule based on its structure?Carbohydrates: Hexagonal Shape, C, H, OProteins: Nitrogen (N)Lipids: Chains of C and H (Carbon and Hydrogen)Nucleic Acids: Phosphorus (P)

BiomoleculesWhen finished with the QR code reading/critical thinking questions, create a double bubble map comparing/contrasting 2 of the 4 biomolecules on the BACK of your paper.

QR Code Gallery Walk Working with a partner, you will identify 15 different structures as either a carbohydrate, protein, lipid, of nucleic acid After finishing your IDs, you will go to the hallway and use the QR codes to check your work highlight and correct incorrect answersAnswer critical thinking questions at the bottom of the pageOrganic Molecules (Biomolecules)Organic molecules that make up living thingsComplex molecules made from smaller moleculesFour elements that make up Living thingsOxygenCarbonNitrogenHydrogen 4What is a Biomolecule?

Organic Molecules (Biomolecules)Organic molecules are naturally occurring and make up living things

Four elements that make up Living thingsOxygenCarbonNitrogenHydrogen

Monomer is a subunit or building block of a polymer (small)

Polymer is made of many monomers (complex)

4What is an organic molecule?What is a monomer and polymer?Biomolecule #1: CarbohydratesMade of monosaccharaides2 monosaccaharaids = disaccharide

Provides Energy for Organism, Component of plant cell walls, part of DNAs structure

Glucose (C6H12O6), Lactose, Starch 4MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

How do we get Carbohydrates??

Biomolecule #2: LipidsMade of 1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids

Long Term Energy (Energy Storage)

Cell Membrane 5MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

Biomolecule #2: LipidsMade of 1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids

Long term energy (Energy Storage)

Butter, Oil, Grease, Cell Membrane 6MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

Summary: How do we get Lipids?

Biomolecule #3: Protein (Polypeptide)Made of Amino Acids (peptide bond)

Used for Growth and repair of the bodyChemical ReactionsEnzymes, Polypeptide, Collagen, Hemoglobin 6MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

Biomolecule #3: Protein (Polypeptide)Made of Amino Acids (peptide chain)

Used for Growth and repair of the bodyChemical Reactions

Enzymes, Polypeptide, Collagen, Hemoglobin 6MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

Summary:

How do we get Protein?

Biomolecule #4: Nucleic AcidsMade of Nucleotides (Phosphate, Nitrogen, and Sugar)

Carry Genetic InformationThey are the codes which makes proteins which make you, you!DNARNA 8MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

DNA Nucleic Acid

DNA Nucleic Acid

Biomolecule #4: Nucleic AcidsMade of Nucleotides (Phosphate, Base, and Sugar)

Carry Genetic InformationThey are the codes which makes proteins which make you, you!DNARNA 7MonomerStructure

FunctionExamples

Summary: Prove It! - #1

Prove It! #2

Prove It! #3

Prove It! #4

Prove It! #5Draw a fatty acid molecule. Explain how its structure contributes to its function as a lipid.Quiz! Question #1Many single-celled organisms rely primarily on monosaccharides and disaccharides as their source of energy. Which class of biomolecules provides the energy for these cells? Answer:Monosaccharides and disaccharides are simple sugars which makes them carbohydrates.

Click again to reveal the answer.Question #2Fats provide long term energy storage and insulation to the human body. Fat molecules are a member of which class of biomolecules?Answer:Fat molecules are a form of lipid.

Click again to reveal the answer.Question #3What class of biomolecule is shown to the right?Answer:Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

Click again to reveal the answer.Question #4Which class of biomolecule carries the cells instructions in the form of genetic material?Answer:Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the genetic material of the cell.

Click again to reveal the answer.Question #5The diagram shown depicts which class of biomolecule?Answer:Sugars are the monomers which make up complex carbohydrates.

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Question #6Which class of biomolecule is NOT primarily composed of polymers?Answer:Lipids are NOT considered polymers.

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Question #7Short chains belonging to which class of biomolecules are often referred to as polypeptide chains?Answer:Polypeptides are short chains of amino acids. This makes them proteins!Click again to reveal the answer.Question #8The diagram to the right best represents which class of biomolecules?Answer:Nucleotides are the monomers that make up nucleic acids.

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Question #9Answer:Fats are made of glycerol and fatty acids, and fats are a form a lipid.

Click again to reveal the answer.The diagram to the right best represents which class of biomolecules?

Question #10What class of biomolecule contains nitrogen bases?Answer:Nucleic acids contain nitrogen bases in each nucleotide.Click again to reveal the answer.

A

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CQuestion #11You need a steady supply of amino acids in your diet to maintain a healthy body. In order to meet this need, you should make sure you eat enough of which class of biomolecule?Answer:Your body digests proteins to get new amino acids for making its own proteins.

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Question #12Which class of biomolecule is used to make cell membranes?Answer:Lipids, specifically phospholipids, are used to make membranes.

Click again to reveal the answer.Question #13ATP is a member of which class of biomolecule?Answer:ATP is a modified nucleotide which are the monomers of nucleic acids.

Click again to reveal the answer.Question #14Enzymes are a specific type of which biomolecule?Answer:Enzymes are a specific form of protein!

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Question #15What is one of the two biomolecules that are primarily used as energy sources by cells?Answer:Carbohydrates and lipids are the primary sources of energy for most cells.

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