3 methodology 6 environmental awareness training - · pdf filespss software for the analysis...
TRANSCRIPT
1 Significance and Aims• Environmental management of military activities–a growing global
concern by defence forces• Specific case studies of environmental management evaluation in
complex training areas particularly limited• To evaluate the operation of the Australian Defence Force (ADF)
Environmental Management System (EMS) and its effectiveness at Shoalwater Bay Training Area (SWBTA) using a specific Environmental Performance Indicator (EPI) framework
8 Results and conclusions• A systematic and independent evaluation facilitated by EMS and Environmental
Performance Evaluation (EPE)’s combination using the SWBTA-APISR indicator framework
• Innovative features of the EPI framework–a high-level integration of indicators; the incorporation of specific issues (e.g. Marine Protected Areas, Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), sustainability and Aboriginal values)
• Minor and temporary environmental impacts, with no significant environmental damage to date
• Compliance with relevant legislation, ADF’s environmental policies and objectives during its EMS implementation
• Effective environmental awareness training and marginally effective stakeholder participation considered by respondents
• Overall, an effective ADF EMS is effective in its implementation, resulting in a high-level environmental performance at SWBTA
9 Recommendations• Focus continuously on the potential impacts of the common concerns; more
appropriate planning of exercises (e.g. timing, frequency and types of activities) to ensure a satisfactory quality of training and environmental protection
• Improve continuous environmental monitoring; collect more long-term data and high-quality information
• Strengthen internal and external reporting, communication and cooperation; revise EPI indicators as necessary;
• Enhance science research and integrated environmental management
4 SWBTA EPI framework
A multi-method approach
Field trip to SWBTA (July 2009) - personal observation, interviews with and surveys to exercise participants
An EPI ranking procedure with an expert panel afterwards according to ‘Reliability’ and ‘Feasibility’–reduce the number of indicators and
highlight indicator priorities
SPSS software for the analysis of survey data–descriptive statistics, Cross tabulations, Chi-square tests, nonparametric correlation analysis
Interviews with local community surveysto general public
3 Methodology
Risk = Likelihood of occurrence × Consequence
2 The ADF EMS and SWBTA
• One of the most important military training areas in Australia
• Exceptional venue for single, joint and combined exercises• Marine component within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park
and Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area• High environmental values of national and international
significance• Major military exercises– Kangaroo, the Crocodile series,
Tandem Thrust, Talisman Saber
ADF EMS model based on ISO14001
SWBTA, Queensland
Environmental risk assessment matrix
Likelihood Ranking
Consequence Ranking
Severe Major Moderate Minor Negligible
Almost Certain Very High Very High High Medium Low
Likely Very High High Medium Medium Low
Possible High High Medium Medium Low
Unlikely High Medium Medium Low Low
Rare High Medium Low Low Low
• ‘As Low As Reasonably Possible’ principal
• Public Environment Reports and Environmental Management Plans
• Environmental Instructions;• Military Standard Operating
Procedures• Standing Orders
6 Environmental awareness training
• Conducted prior to each exercise• Environmental induction• Awareness presentations• DVD and awareness cards• Unit and group briefings
Evaluation via environmental performance indicator framework
Activity Pressure ImpactState Response
Input OutputOperational process
Successful EMS
implementation
Aim Outcome
Environmental performance
EMS effectiveness
Conceptual models
5 Environmental risk assessment and management
7 Stakeholder participation
Wider community–local council, NGOs, scientific researchers, residents