30 slide power point converted

Q34 Which diagram replaces the question mark?

Solution: DWorking in reverse, the 2nd operator mirrors all items in the x axis, so the input diagram would have backslashes instead of forward slashes; the crescent would remain the same, having symmetry in the x axis. The 1st operator rotates the 2nd and 3rd items clockwise. Any rotation or mirroring function can only change slashes from backslash to forward slash or vice-versa, which indicates that in the input diagram, the slashes were in the same position as in the output diagram. We are therefore looking for a crescent and two forward slashes; this configuration is shown in solution D.

Q34) ?

A B C D

Makes 2nd item half size

Mirrors all items in x axis

Rotates 2nd and 3rd items 90o clockwise

Mirrors crescents in x axis


Solution: BThe 1st operator results in no change to the crescent, which have symmetry in the x axis, and a downward-pointing triangle. The 2nd operator subsequently results in a downward crescent in the 2nd position, and a left-pointing triangle in 3rd. The 1st crescent still has symmetry in the x axis and so is unaffected by the 3rd operator, but the 2nd crescent becomes upward-pointing, while the triangle now has symmetry in the x axis and remains unchanged. We are therefore looking for a crescent, an upward crescent, and a left-pointing triangle, which is shown in solution B.

Q35) ?

A B C D





Q36 Which operator, if any, has no apparent effect in this process?

Solution: DThe 1st operator makes the 2nd item half-size; it is already half-size, however, so the 1st operator has no apparent effect. The 2nd operator mirrors crescents in the x axis, which has no effect since crescents have symmetry in the x axis. The 3rd operator rotates the 2nd and 3rd items clockwise; both the triangle and the crescent are affected by this operator. Therefore D is the solution.

Q36)

A B C D

All operators are required Only Only and





Q37 Which, if any, operator is dysfunctional in this process?

Solution: CIn the output diagram, all items have been rotated clockwise, indicating that the 1 st operator is functional. However, the triangle has not been rotated 180 degrees (the hourglass has rotational symmetry and so would be unaffected), indicating that the 2nd operator is dysfunctional, so the answer is C.

Q37)

Shifts all items one position left

Rotates all items 90o anticlockwise

Rotates 2nd and 3rd items 180o

Makes 1st and 3rd items full size

A B C D

Both operators are working Only Only and


Solution: AWorking in reverse from the output diagram, the 2nd operator shifts all items 1 position left. The input diagram would therefore show a slash in 1st position, then hourglass, then arrow. The 1st operator makes the (input) 1st and 3rd items full size; these items, the slash and arrow, could therefore be any size in the input diagram. The hourglass, however, must have been full size in the input diagram, since its size it not affected by any operators. The only solution showing items in the correct position with a full-size hourglass is A, so A is the correct answer.

Q38)

A B C D

?





Q39 Which operator, if any, replaces the question mark?

Solution: CThe 1st operator results in the 1st and 3rd triangles pointing downwards. The 2nd operator has no apparent effect because the triangles are already full size. However, in the output diagram, the 1 st triangle is putting up, not down, while the 2nd is pointing down and not up; the 3rd triangle is in the configuration indicated by the 1st operator. None of the rotational operators could produce this configuration, buts shifting the triangles left would result in one upward-pointing followed by two downward-pointing triangles. The solution is therefore C.

Q39)

A B C D

?

This output is impossible





Q40 Which item or items, if any, are dysfunctional in this process?

Solution: AThe 1st operator has removed shading from the square; it is impossible to tell whether it has affected the other items, but the 3rd item is functional and can be eliminated. The 2nd operator has changed the size of the slash, which can therefore be eliminated, but the circle remains unaffected. The 2nd item is therefore dysfunctional, so the answer is A.

Q40)

A B C D

?

None are dysfunctional

1st and 2nd items

1st item only2nd item only

Changes size of hourglasses Shades 1st and 2nd items

Removes shading from all items

Q41 Which operator replaces the question mark?

Solution: AThe 2nd operator has shaded the 1st and 2nd items, but in addition, the sizes of the hourglasses have changed in the output diagram. This could be the result of either changing the size of all hourglass, or of the 1st and 2nd items; the solution is therefore A.

Q41)

A B C D

or Only Only or

Changes size of hourglasses

Changes size of 1st and 2nd items

Shades 1st and 2nd items


?


Solution: DWorking in reverse, the 3rd operator changes the size of the 1st and 2nd items, so we are looking for half-size items in these positions. The 2nd operator changes the size of hourglasses; the hourglass is therefore changed again, back to full size, while the 3rd item, another hourglass, becomes full-size. The 1st operator again changes the size of the 1st and 2nd items; the hourglass must therefore have been half-size in the input diagram, and the arrow full size, both switched to half-size and back again by the repeated operator, with the hourglass changed an additional time by the 2nd. The correct configuration is shown in D, with a half-size hourglass, full-size arrow, and full-size hourglass.

Q42)

A B C D

?

Changes size of hourglasses

Changes size of 1st and 2nd items

Shades 1st and 2nd items



Solution: BFrom the output diagram we see that the 2nd operator appears unchanged, while the 1st and 3rd have been rotated or mirrored. The 2nd operator swaps the 1st and 2nd items, so, working in reverse, the output following the 1st operator would have shown the 1st item unchanged and the 2nd and 3rd mirrored compared to the input diagram. The operator shown in B mirrors the 2nd and 3rd items in the Y axis, which, followed by switching the 1st and 2nd items, would produce the output shown. B is therefore the correct solution.

Q43)

Mirrors 2nd and 3rd items by y axis

Swaps 1st and 2nd items

Replaces 2nd item with circle

Replaces half size items with squares

A B C D

This output is impossibleOnly Only or

?


Solution: CIt is impossible to tell whether the 1st or 2nd operators affected any items, because the 2nd and 3rd items have symmetry in the y axis, and the 2nd item is already a circle. The 3rd operator however tells us that the 1st item is functional, as it have been replaced by a square. The 3 rd item has not, and is therefore dysfunctional. It is impossible to tell whether the 2nd item is functional, since none of the operators can have any apparent effect on it; however, answering '2nd and 3rd items' is not an option, so by a process of elimination, solution C must be true.

Q44)

A B C D

None are dysfunctional1st item only 2nd item only 3rd item only






Solution: AWorking in reverse from the output diagram, the 3rd operator mirrors the 2nd and 3rd items in the y axis; we would therefore look for a normal crescent in 2nd position and a square shaded in the bottom left corner in 3rd. The 2nd operator switches the circle with the crescent, so we would expect a normal crescent followed by a circle followed by the square. However, the 1st operator replaces the 2nd item with a circle; the 2nd item in the input diagram could therefore by any half-size shaded shape. Solution A shows a normal crescent followed by a half-size shaded square, followed by a square shaded in the bottom left, so A is correct.

Q45)

A B C D

?






Solution: AThe 1st and 3rd items have been mirrored by the 1st operator, and are therefore functional. The circle has been shaded by the 2nd operator, and is also functional; the solution is therefore A, no items are dysfunctional.

Q46)

Changes size of 2nd and 3rd items

Rotates shaded items 90o clockwise

Mirrors shaded items in y axis

Shades circles

A B C D

1st item 2nd item 3rd itemNone are dysfunctional


Solution: DThe 1st operator results in a rightward-pointing triangle and a downward-pointing crescent; the 2 nd operator then makes the crescent half-size and the slash full-size. The final operator mirrors the shaded items in the y axis, resulting in a leftward-pointing triangle, but not affecting the crescent, which has symmetry in the y axis. The output diagram should therefore comprise a leftward-pointing triangle, half-size downward-pointing crescent, and full-size slash. This configuration is shown in solution D, which is the right answer.

Q47)

A B C D

?




Shades circles

Q48 Which operator(s), if any, have no apparent effect in this process?

Solution: BThe 1st operator has changed the size of the 2nd and 3rd items. The 2nd has shaded the circle. The 3rd, however, mirrors shaded items in the y axis; the shaded items, the circle and arrow, have symmetry in the y axis. The 3rd operator therefore has no effect, and the correct solution is B.

Q48)

A B C D

All operators are requiredOnly Only and




Shades circles


Solution: CWorking in reverse from the output diagram, the 2nd operator rotates the 1st and 2nd items 180 degrees, so the input for this would be an upward-pointing triangle and a square shaded in the bottom right corner. The 1st operator mirrors the 3rd item in the y axis, so the input must have been another square shaded in the bottom right corner. The input diagram therefore comprised an upward-pointing triangle followed by two squares shaded in the bottom right corner, as shown in C, which is the correct solution.

Q49)

A B C D

?

Changes size of unshaded items

Mirrors 3rd item by y axis

Makes 3rd item half size

Rotates 1st and 2nd items 180o


Solution: AThe 1st operator results in the crescent becoming half-size, while the 2nd operator affects all items – making the square half-size, the arrow full-size, and restoring the crescent to its original size. This output is shown in A, which is the correct solution.

Q50)

A B C D

?

Changes size of unshaded items


Makes 3rd item half size



Solution: BThe 1st operator rotated the triangle and crescent, as shown in the output diagram. The 2nd operator affected only the square, making it half-size, also as shown. There are no additional changes from the input diagram; therefore the final operator must have had no affect. The operator shown in A would have no affect on the square, which was already made half-size by the 2nd operator, so this is a possibility. The operator shown in C would also have no affect on the square, which has symmetry in the y axis. The answer is therefore B.

Q51)

A B C D

?

Only or Only Only


Changes size of unshaded items Makes 3rd item half size


Q52 Which, if any, operators are dysfunctional in this process?

Solution: BThe 1st operator does not appear to have changed the shading of the half-size item, the triangle/arrow; the 2nd operator replaces unshaded triangles with arrows, and has done so, but does not change shading. Therefore the 1st operator alone is dysfunctional, so the answer is B.

Q52)

A B C D

Neither is dysfunctional

Only Only and

Reverses sequences order

Changes shading of half size items

Replaces unshaded triangles with arrows

Rotates squares 180o


Solution: CWorking backwards from the output diagram, the 2nd operator reverses the order of the sequence, so we would expect a square shaded in the top left corner, then an arrow, then a square shaded in the bottom right corner. The 1st operator, however, rotates squares 180 degrees, so the input diagram must comprise a square shaded in the bottom right corner, an arrow, then a square shaded in the top left corner. This configuration is shown in C, which is the correct answer.

Q53)

A B C D

?

Reverses sequences order Replaces unshaded triangles with arrows



Solution: DThe 1st operator changes the shading of half-size items, resulting in a half-size unshaded hourglass in 2 nd position and a half-size unshaded triangle in 3rd without affecting the full-size triangle in 1st position. The 2nd operator then replaces the two triangles, both of which are now unshaded, with arrows, giving a full-size arrow followed by a half-size hourglass followed by a half-size arrow. The final operator then reverses the order of this sequence, which would produce the sequence in solution D. D is therefore the correct answer.

Q54)

A B C D

?

Reverses sequences order Replaces unshaded triangles with arrows


Q55 Which operator(s), if any, have no apparent effect in this process?

Solution: AThe 1st operator has rotated the hourglass as expected. The 2nd has no effect, since there are no full size items to be shaded. The 3rd changes the size of previously rotated items – in this case, the hourglass, which has indeed been changed. Only the 2nd operator had no apparent effect; the correct solution is therefore A.

Q55)

Shades full size items

Rotates hourglasses 90 o

Changes size of previously rotated items

Mirrors slashes in x axis

A B C D

All operators are requiredOnly Only and


Solution: CThe 1st operator results in a mirrored slash in the 3rd position. The 2nd operator results in an hourglass on its side in 1st and 2nd positions. The final operator changes the size of rotated (not mirrored) items, thus affecting only the hourglasses; the 1st becomes half-size, the second full-size. A half-size hourglass on its side, followed by a full-size hourglass in the same position, followed by a reversed slash, is shown in solution C, which is the correct answer.

Q56)

A B C D

?





Q57 Which, if any, operator is dysfunctional in this process?

Solution: BThe 1st operator has rotated the hourglass, and is therefore functional. The 2nd operator has subsequently changed the size of the rotated hourglass, and is also functional. The 3 rd operator has not, however, shaded the now full-size hourglass, and is dysfunctional; the correct solution is B.

Q57)

A B C D

None are dysfunctionalandOnly





Only


Solution: AWorking in reverse, the 2nd operator has replaced circles with triangles, and we see from the input diagram that the 2nd item, a circle, is a triangle in the output diagram. However, the 1st item in the output diagram is also a triangle, while the 1st item in the input diagram is a square. As no operators replace squares with another shape, the 1st operator must have transformed the square into a circle, which was subsequently transformed again into a triangle by the 2nd operator. The operator which replaces full-size items with circles would accomplish this. The answer is therefore A.

Q58)

A B C D

Replaces full size items with circles

Replaces circles with triangles

Mirrors all items in y axis

Mirrors 1st and 3rd items in x axis

This output is

impossibleOnly Only or

?


Solution: DWorking in reverse from the output diagram, the 2nd operator replaces full-size items with circles; the 1st and 3rd items could therefore be any full-size shape, including circles. The 1 st operator replaces circles with triangles, so the 2nd item must either have been a circle or a triangle already (note that even if they had been triangles in the input diagram, the 1st and 3rd items would still be circles in the output, regardless of the effect of the 1st operator, due to the effect of the 2nd operator). The input diagram could therefore include any full-size shape in 1st and 3rd position, and a half-size circle or triangle in 2nd position. Any of solutions A, B or C meets these criteria; the correct answer is therefore D.

Q59)

A B C D

Could beA, B or C

Only Only

?

Only






Solution: BThe 1st operator results in a triangle in the 1st position. The 2nd operator results in a downward-pointing triangle in 1st position and a square shaded in the bottom left corner in 3 rd position. The 3rd operator does not affect the triangle in 1st position, which has symmetry in the y axis, but mirrors the crescent in 2nd position, and results in a square shaded in the top left corner in 3 rd position. The output diagram should therefore show a downward-pointing triangle followed by a mirrored crescent followed by a square shaded in the top left corner. This configuration is shown in solution D, which is therefore the correct answer.

Q60)

A B C D

?





30 slide power point converted

News & Politics

items 7q41

operator results

operator mirrors crescents

output diagram

input diagram

x axisrotates

x axis 1q35

x axis 2q36