300-710: Yamato 300-710: Yamato PeriodPeriod

300-710: Yamato 300-710: Yamato PeriodPeriod

“Great Kings” era“Great Kings” era

Began promoting the Began promoting the adoption of Chinese adoption of Chinese culture:culture:

Confucianism.Confucianism. Language (Language (kanjikanji characters).characters). Buddhist sects.Buddhist sects. Chinese art & architecture.Chinese art & architecture. Government structure.Government structure.

Began promoting the Began promoting the adoption of Chinese adoption of Chinese culture:culture:

Confucianism.Confucianism. Language (Language (kanjikanji characters).characters). Buddhist sects.Buddhist sects. Chinese art & architecture.Chinese art & architecture. Government structure.Government structure.

Prince Shotoku: Prince Shotoku: 573-621573-621Prince Shotoku: Prince Shotoku: 573-621573-621 Adopted Chinese culture and Confucianism.

Buddhist sects allowed to develop.

Heian Period: 800-Heian Period: 800-12001200

Heian Period: 800-Heian Period: 800-12001200CharacteristicsCharacteristics::

Growth of large landed estates.Growth of large landed estates. Arts & literature of China Arts & literature of China flourished. flourished. Elaborate court life [highly refined] Elaborate court life [highly refined]

ETIQUETTE. ETIQUETTE. Personal diaries Personal diaries

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon by Sei Shonagon [10c][10c]

Great novelGreat novel The Tale of GenjiThe Tale of Genji by by Lady Lady MurasakiMurasaki Shikibu Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] [1000 pgs.+]

Moving away from Chinese models inMoving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government. religion, the arts, and government.

CharacteristicsCharacteristics:: Growth of large landed estates.Growth of large landed estates. Arts & literature of China Arts & literature of China flourished. flourished. Elaborate court life [highly refined] Elaborate court life [highly refined]

ETIQUETTE. ETIQUETTE. Personal diaries Personal diaries

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon by Sei Shonagon [10c][10c]

Great novelGreat novel The Tale of GenjiThe Tale of Genji by by Lady Lady MurasakiMurasaki Shikibu Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] [1000 pgs.+]

Moving away from Chinese models inMoving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government. religion, the arts, and government.

Heian Court DressHeian Court DressHeian Court DressHeian Court Dress

FeudalismFeudalismFeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Japan:Japan:

A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Japan:Japan: Shogun

Daimyo Daimyo

Samurai Samurai Samurai

Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant

Land - Shoen

Land - Shoen

Protection

Loyalty

Loyalty

Food

FeudaFeudal l

SocietSocietyy

FeudaFeudal l

SocietSocietyy

The emperor The emperor reigned, but reigned, but

did not always did not always rule!rule!

Samurai Code of Samurai Code of BushidoBushido

Samurai Code of Samurai Code of BushidoBushido

* Fidelity

* Politeness

* Virility

* Simplicity

* Fidelity

* Politeness

* Virility

* Simplicity

Seppuku: Seppuku: Ritual SuicideRitual Suicide

Seppuku: Seppuku: Ritual SuicideRitual Suicide

Kaishaku – his “seconds”

Kaishaku – his “seconds”

It is honorable to die in this way.

It is honorable to die in this way.

Full Samurai AttireFull Samurai AttireFull Samurai AttireFull Samurai Attire

Samurai SwordSamurai SwordSamurai SwordSamurai Sword

Early Mounted Early Mounted Samurai WarriorsSamurai WarriorsEarly Mounted Early Mounted

Samurai WarriorsSamurai Warriors

Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense

Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense

A COTTON BREECH CLOUTA COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume

A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONOA SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

Samurai ChargingSamurai ChargingSamurai ChargingSamurai Charging

ENGLAND: ENGLAND:

Code of Code of ChivalryChivalry

ENGLAND: ENGLAND:

Code of Code of ChivalryChivalry* Justice

* Loyalty

* Courage

* Faith

* Humility

* Nobility

* Justice

* Loyalty

* Courage

* Faith

* Humility

* Nobility

European knightEuropean knight Samurai WarriorSamurai Warrior

vs.vs.

Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors

Knight’s ArmorKnight’s Armor Samurai ArmorSamurai Armor

vs.vs.

Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors

Zen BuddhismZen Buddhism

A Japanese variation of of Buddhism, which came from India through China.

It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

Mongol“Invasion

s”of Japan

Mongol“Invasion

s”of Japan

4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

Ashikaga Age: 1350-1550

Ashikaga Age: 1350-1550

► Shoguns fought for power.

Armies of samurai protected the country.

C

A

S

T

L

E

S

C

A

S

T

L

E

S

Osaka CastleOsaka Castle

Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

Caernorfon Castle, Wales

Caernorfon Castle, Wales

Warwick Castle, EnglandWarwick Castle, England

The Age of the Warring States:

(1450 - 1570)

The Age of the Warring States:

(1450 - 1570) Castles built on hills in different provinces.

Power shifts from above to below.

Europeans arrive in Japan bringing firearms & Christianity.

Christianity & foreign trade flourish.

Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582)

Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582)

Unifies a large part of Japan. Unifies a large part of Japan.

Catholic Jesuits in Catholic Jesuits in JapanJapan

Catholic Jesuits in Catholic Jesuits in JapanJapan

St. Francis Xavier[First Catholic Missionaries in [First Catholic Missionaries in

Asia]Asia]

St. Francis Xavier[First Catholic Missionaries in [First Catholic Missionaries in

Asia]Asia]

First Christian Martyrs First Christian Martyrs (1597): Shrine in (1597): Shrine in

NagasakiNagasakiTodayToday

First Christian Martyrs First Christian Martyrs (1597): Shrine in (1597): Shrine in

NagasakiNagasakiTodayToday

Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-(1543-1616)1616)

Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-(1543-1616)1616)

In 1598, after military success in the Battle of Sekigahara-over 100,000 deaths- Ieyasu takes control of the country and is appointed Shogun by the Emperor (does he really have a choice?)

It’s the start of the Tokugawa Shogunate (government) that lasts until 1868.

..

Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-(1543-1616)1616)

Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-(1543-1616)1616)

Four-class system Four-class system laid down with laid down with marriage restricted marriage restricted to members of the to members of the same class! same class!

Warriors.Warriors.

Farmers.Farmers.

Artisans.Artisans.

Merchants.Merchants.

Tokugawa Shogunate Period

Tokugawa Shogunate PeriodJapan closed off to all trade except Dutch

and Chinese. The Dutch were restricted to a small island in Nagasaki harbor.

Japanese Christians persecuted and Christianity is forbidden.(all foreigners kicked out by 1640)The government is centralized with all power in the hands of the shogun.Domestic trade flourishes.Towns, esp. castle towns, increase.Merchant class becomes rich! New art forms haiku poetry, kabuki theater.