30,000 sq. ft. office complex not connected to...
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Large-scale green system
Photos taken fromhttp://www.iar.ubc.ca/choibuilding/matsuzaki.htmlPhotos of Choi Building toilet and composter can be seen at:http://www.clivusmultrum.com/projects/commercial/index.html
University of British Columbia – Choi Building30,000 sq. ft. office complex NOT connected to sewer
Clockwise from left:1 RH2O demonstration unit at NOWRA 20072-3 Kubota Submerged Membrane Research Facility4 Kubota membrane unit, from Kubota 2004 http://www.kubota.co.jp/english/division/joukso/index.html
Flat plate membranes
Urine diverting toilets
Taken from Ecological Sanitationhttp://www.ecosanres.org/PDF%20files/Ecological%20Sanitation%202004.pdf
Composting toilets
Taken from Ecological Sanitationhttp://www.ecosanres.org/PDF%20files/Ecological%20Sanitation%202004.pdfand Sun Mar Corp http://www.sun-mar.com/
Composting toilets are fashionable
Envirolet composting toilets taken from envirolet’s photostream on Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/envirolet/
Hot Pink and Tree Frog Green Toilets from Envirolet
http://www.envirolet.com
Zoeller Fusion System installation
Photos from Zoeller
Sanitation – educational poster in Vietnam
Clockwise from top left: 1-3 examples of johkasou and access covers for installed system, 4-5 Commercially available system from Kubota, taken from http://www.kubota.co.jp/english/division/joukso/index.html, 6 Zoeller johkasou at NOWRA 2007
Aerobic treatment units and membrane bioreactors
The long drop
Taken from Ecological Sanitationhttp://www.ecosanres.org/PDF%20files/Ecological%20Sanitation%202004.pdf
Treatment wetland taken from http://crops.confex.com/crops/wc2006/techprogram/P16124.HTM
Submerged flow treatment wetland
Tandoku shori johkasou installation, Shiga Prefecture
Installed aerobic treatment unit
Fuji clean CRX for 7 people
Gappei shori installation, Toyota City
Aerobic treatment unit including phosphorus removal
Fuji Clean CRX phosphorus removal
cathode
anode
Fe2+
O2
Fe3+ PO43-
FePO4
Gappei shori installation, Toyota City
Septic tanks
China – pit latrine in Tibetan village
Water recycle system, Fuji Clean, Chiryu, Aichi~$1600 USD for recycle unit (not including installation costs)
Household grey water treatment system
X
Aoyama Paracio Building, Tokyo
Tokyo – onsite WWT with water reuse for toilet flushing
Mobile sludge dewatering vehicle, left two pictures from (Matsui et al. 2004), Green Hat Night Soil Treatment Facility
Japan – night soil treatment facility
China – underground 125 m3 day-1 (33,000 gallon day-1) for village with population of 250
Media for attached growth
Drainfields
bottom middle gravel trench drainfield taken from www.epa.gov/seahome/decent.html
Drainfields
Photos from Ed Church
Drainfield restorer
UV disinfection
Problems
ATU popped out of ground by high water table
taken at WSU Puyallup Extension
Homeowner attempt at drainfield installationphoto from Ed Church
Hurricane damageseptic tank on outer banksphoto from Vic D’Amato
Poor tank inlet installationphoto from Ed Church