3.1 the indo-europeans - wikispacesmrmassie.wikispaces.com/file/view/3.1+the+indo-europe… · ppt...
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3.1 The Indo-Europeans
Indo-Europeans migrate into Europe, India, and Southwest Asia and interact with peoples living
there.
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Characteristics of Indo-Europeans◦ Nomadic, pastoral people; tamed horses, rode
chariots◦ May have come from the steppes—dry grasslands
north of the Caucasus mountains
Indo-Europeans Migrate
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The Indo-European Language Family◦ Language ancestral to many modern languages of
Europe and Asia◦ English, Spanish, Persian, Hindi trace origins to
original Indo-European◦ Language groups settled in different areas
Indo-Europeans Migrate
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An Unexpected Migration◦ 1700-1200 B.C.E. Indo-Europeans migrated,
moved in all directions (visual)
Indo-Europeans Migrate
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The Hittites Arrival◦ A group of Indo-European speakers◦ Take control of Anatolia (Asia Minor) around 2000
B.C.E.◦ City-States join to form empire; dominate
Southwest Asia for 450 years
The Hittite Empire
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Hittites Adopt and Adapt◦ Borrowed ideas from Mesopotamian culture;
adopted Babylonian language Chariots and Iron Technology
◦ Hittites skilled in war, spread iron technology by trade and conquest
◦ Empire falls around 1190 B.C.E. after attacks from northern tribes.
The Hittite Empire
Hittite Chariots
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Aryans Transform India The Aryan People
◦ Indo-European people, enter Indus River Valley before 2000 B.C.E.
◦ Sacred writings, the Vedas, reveal much of their culture
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A Cast System Develops◦ Aryans physically distinct from people of India◦ Four castes, or groups based on occupation,
develop Brahmins (Priests) Warriors Traders and landowners Peasants
◦ People are born into their cast for life◦ Hundreds of subgroups arise later
Aryans Transform India
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Aryans Transform India
Aryan Kingdoms Arise◦ Aryans extend
settlements to other river valleys
◦ Small Kingdoms arise◦ Magadha kingdom
unites all and spreads across India by 100 B.C.
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Aryans Transform India Aryan Kingdoms Arise
◦ Epic Mahabharata reflects struggles in India as Aryan kings worked to control Indian lands
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