3/28 & 3/31
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3/28 & 3/31. Icebreaker ~ What were 3 advantages for the North during the Civil War? What were 2 disadvantages for the North during the C.W.? What were 3 advantages for the South during the C.W.? What were 2 disadvantages for the South during the C.W.?. Reconstruction and its Effects. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
3/28 & 3/31Icebreaker ~
1) What were 3 advantages for the North during the Civil War?
2) What were 2 disadvantages for the North during the C.W.?
3) What were 3 advantages for the South during the C.W.?
4) What were 2 disadvantages for the South during the C.W.?
Reconstruction and its EffectsReconstruction• The period during in which the U.S. began
to rebuild after the Civil War• Also refers to the process the federal
government used to readmit the defeated Confederate states to the Union.
Key Questions
1. How do webring the Southback into the
Union?
2. How do we rebuild the
South after itsdestruction
during the war?
3. How do weintegrate andprotect newly-emancipated
black freedmen?
4. What branchof governmentshould controlthe process of
Reconstruction?
Lincoln’s Plan
Ten percent plan• The government would pardon all
Confederates except high ranking officials and those accused of crimes against prisoners of war.
• As soon as ten percent of those who had voted in 1860 took this oath of allegiance, a Confederate state could form a new state government.
Radical Republicans Wanted to destroy the political power of
former slaveholders. Most of all, they wanted African Americans
to be given full citizenship and the right to vote.
Lincoln Assassinated John Wilkes Booth shoots and kills President
Lincoln at Fords Theatre. Andrew Johnson becomes President
Wade-Davis Bill (1864) Required 50% of the number of
1860 voters to take an “iron clad” oath of allegiance (swearing they had never voluntarily aided the rebellion ).
Required a state constitutional convention before the election of state officials.
Enacted specific safeguards of freedmen’s liberties.
SenatorBenjamin
Wade(R-OH)
Congressman
HenryW. Davis(R-MD)
13th Amendment Ratified in December, 1865. ~
Abolished slavery Neither slavery nor involuntary
servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Freedmen’s Bureau (1865) Assisted ex-slaves in
the south Many former northern
abolitionists risked their lives to help southern freedmen.
Called “carpetbaggers” by white southern Democrats.
Politics in the Postwar South
Scalawags were white Southerners who joined the Republican Party.
Carpetbaggers were Northerners who moved to the South after the war. TO MAKE THAT $$$$$$$$$$$$$
Congressional ReconstructionReconstruction Act of 1867• Act divided the former Confederate states
into five military districts.• The states were required to give African
Americans the right to vote and ratify the fourteenth amendment in order to reenter the Union.
• Johnson vetoed Reconstruction Act of 1867
14th AmendmentRatified in July, 1868.
* Provide a constitutional guarantee of the rights and security of freed people.
* Insure against neo-Confederate political power.
* Enshrine the national debt while repudiating that of the Confederacy.
Southern states would be punished for denying the right to vote to black citizens!
15th Amendment Ratified in 1870. The right of citizens of the United States
to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Women’s rights groups were furious that they were not granted the vote!
African Americans in Reconstruction First time they held office in local, state, and
federal government. Hiram Revels was the first African American
Senator. Gen. Sherman promised former slaves who
followed his army 40 acres per family and the use of army mules.
Sharecropping and Tenant FarmingSharecropping Landowners divide their land and assigned
each head of household a few acres, along with seed and tools.
Opposition To ReconstructionKu Klux Klan Southern vigilante group. Wanted to destroy the Republican party Throw out the Reconstruction governments. Prevent African Americans from exercising
their political rights.
Support for Reconstruction FadesPanic of 1873 Series of bank failures that triggered a five
year depression. Supreme Court began to undo some of the
social and political changes the Radicals made.
Democrats “Redeem” the South In the Election of 1876, Democrat candidate
Samuel Tilden won the popular vote but was one vote short of electoral victory.
Southern Democrats in Congress agreed to accept Hayes if federal troops were withdrawn from the South.
Supreme Court decision requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine “separate but equal”
Plessy vs. Ferguson