Koch County: Community Action Plan

Project Proposed project com-

ponents Activities Resources Possible partners Start

Date Who will

follow up Priority 1: Water project

Construct 9 water pans

in Norbor, Pakur, Gany,

Nyang, Ngony, Koch,

Bouw, Jaak and Tharjath

payams for livestock

Organize community

meetings to identify

space / land for the

water pans Train community on

water pan construc-

tion and maintenance

Water pan

equipment Funds Land

Expert on water

pans

County Authority

UNDP Other humanitarian

agencies

10 Jan 2012

County

Authority Commu-

nity

Construct 9 bore holes

in Norbor, Pakur, Gany,

Nyang, Ngony, Koch,

Bouw, Jaak and Tharjath

payams for domestic use

Organize community

meetings to identify

space / land for the

boreholes Select a water use

committee and train

them on borehole

maintenance

Borehole equip-

ment Funds Land

Expert on bore-

hole construc-

tion

County Authority

UNDP Other humanitarian

agencies

10 Jan 2012

County

authorities

Construct a drainage

system along the river

bank to prevent and

control the floods

Mobilize community

to support the con-

struction work in

kind and cash where

possible

Materials and

equipment for

construction of

drainage system Funds Expert

County Authority

UNDP Other humanitarian

agencies

10 Jan 2012

County

authorities

Construct 4 bridges to

ease transportation in

Norbor, Pakur, Gany,

Nyang, Ngony, Koch,

Bouw, Jaak and Tharjath

payams

Mobilize the commu-

nity to support the

construction work in

cash and kind

Equipment and

materials Expert on

bridge construc-

tion Funds

County Authority

UNDP Other humanitarian

agencies

10 Feb 2012

County

authorities

Install water irrigation

generators in Norbor,

Pakur, Gany, Nyang,

Ngony, Koch, Bouw,

Jaak and Tharjath

payams

Mobilize the commu-

nity to support the

installation process Mobilize the commu-

nity to form user

groups in all the

payams where instal-

lation shall take place Train the user groups

on management of

the irrigation interven-

tion

Irrigation

equipment Funds Expert

County Authority

UNDP Other humanitarian

agencies

10 Feb 2012

County

authorities

Cont...

35

Priority 2: Food security

project

Proposed project com-

ponents Activities Resources Who will provide Start

Date Who will

follow up

Provide one tractor,

improved seeds, small

scale irrigation and

field extension ser-

vices in all the 7

payams Initiate and install

one grinding mill for

women for the grains

produced at Koch

headquarters Build capacity of the

youth in all the

payams in technical

skills specifically in

carpentry, mechanics,

tailoring and life

skills to enable them

earn income to meet

their food needs Establish one Primary

Healthcare facility

with a feeding pro-

gramme for children

aged 7 years and be-

low at Koch head-

quarters

Train farmers on im-

proved farming meth-

ods Provide materials ,

seeds and tools for

farming Train women on how

to manage a grinding

mill machine

Tractors

Irrigation

pumps Seeds

Tools

Funds

Technical ex-

perts Grinding ma-

chine Funds

County authority

Ministry of agricul-

ture UNDP

5 Jan

2012 County

Authority

Train youth in techni-

cal skills specifically

in carpentry, mechan-

ics, tailoring and life

skills

Identify training cen-

tres Identify youth to be

trained in technical

skills from all the

payams Train youth in techni-

cal skills (carpentry,

mechanics, tailoring ) Provide loans to the

youth for business

start-up

Technical Train-

ers venues Technical Materials and

equipments

County Authority

Concerned Ministry UNDP

20 Jul 2012

County

Authority

Establish a health facil-

ity and feeding centre

for children aged 7 years

and below

Mobilize community

to identify location of

facility and centre Trainer care takers for

the centre Recruit staff to work

at the facility and

centre

Medical staff

Care takers Community

mobilisers Funds

Food

County Authority

Ministry of Health UNDP

30 Jan 2012

County

authority

Cont… Koch County: Community Action Plan

36

7.6. Mayendit County

Mayendit borders Koch County to the north, Leer County to the east, and Panyijar to the south.

Mayendit also borders Warrap State (Tonj East County) to the northwest and Lakes State (Rumbek

North County) to the southwest. The headquarters is in Dhorgaapni at the central part of the county.

Koch County occupies an estimated area of 3,067 sq km with a demographic representation of 100

percent Nuer. Three major Nuer sub-clans are found here, namely Kuei, Jalok and Beek. Mayendit

has an estimated population of 53,78312.

Mayendit County is composed of 13 payams and 39 bomas. The payams include Rubkuay, Daplual,

Bor, Thaker, Leak, Tutnyang, Madol 1, Pabuong, Maalkuer, Tharjiath, Jaguar, Maal and Mirnyal.

Water-related and water-borne diseases are common due to the swamps, which are attributed to the

floods that occur during the rainy seasons. Movement of people tends to be limited during this pe-

riod including transportation of goods within the county. The county has extensive grazing lands

and its economy is mainly based on crop production and cattle keeping.

Participants in the Mayendit County Consultations

Mayendit County: Conflict Analysis / Community Perceptions

Women Men Total

14 38 52

12 5th Sudan Population and Housing Census 2008.” In Statistical Yearbook for Southern Sudan 2010. Southern Sudan Centre for Census, Statistics and Evaluation, p. 12

Conflict

issues Causes Parties in in the

conflict Parties to the

conflict Effects Suggested solutions

Cattle

raiding Revenge

Presence of small arms

among ordinary commu-

nity members, there was

no uniform disarmament Absence of law enforcers

Absence of compensation

between the Nuer and the

Dinkas No communication net-

works to call for reinforce-

ment Unemployment among

the youth Raiding done to accrue

wealth Poor deployment of police

officers High cost of dowry which

is 30-70 herds of cattle Lack of education among

the youth

Youth from

Warrap,

Lakes states

and Leer

County

Elders

Women Chiefs

Witch doc-

tors

Loss of life and

property Fear and Mistrust Food insecurity

Displacement of

families Restricted move-

ment

Erect a police post along the

border Hold peace dialogue among

Inter –States. Inter-states

should increase water

points Construct roads to connect

payam to payam Conduct uniform disarma-

ment to all 10 states Review deployment proce-

dures by avoiding deploy-

ment of officers in home

states Install agricultural and

vocational training centres Improve inter-county/state

communication

Cont...

37

Conflict

issues Causes Parties in in the

conflict Parties to the

conflict Effects Suggested solutions

Competi-

tion over

water

Inadequate rainfall

Inadequate water points Over-population causing

displacement Lack of run-off harvesting

systems Competition for water

between animals and

humans Over-stocking of animals

Big numbers of returnees

and displaced people

struggling to access over-

stretched water sources Presence of firearms in

Warrap state

Youth of

Warrap, May-

endit, Leer

and Koch

who fight to

protect their

mothers and

sisters against

attacks at

water points Women and

girls who

fight at water

points Youth of

Warrap, Koch

and Leer who

fight over

water for

their animals

Politicians

who pro-

vide arms Poor devel-

opment

policies that

do not place

water as a

priority

Women cover long

hours to fetch water

thus 2 hrs to return Poor health of

women due to

heavy water con-

tainer they carry Poor personal hy-

giene Women are beaten

by their husbands

whenever there is

no water Trauma and stress

on women and chil-

dren due to violence

associated with

mothers’ beatings

Construct 13 hand pumps

and water yards in 13

payams Provide non –food items

like Jerri cans Sensitize men against vio-

lence on women Carry out surface/rain

water harvesting/catchment

facility – haffirs Disarm all states to im-

prove stability

Competi-

tion over

pasture

Inadequate pasture

Inadequate water sources

for pasture Outbreak of animal dis-

eases Overstocking of animals

Intertribal fights between

Dinka and Nuer tribes

Youth from

Warrap, and

Mayendit Youth from

Lake States,

Koch, Leer

and Mayendit

Elders

Chiefs

Fighting among the

Youth Loss of life Displacement of

families Migration to other

relatively peaceful

payams Children do not

attend schools Children drop out

Lack of access to

medical services Cattle are raided

Restricted move-

ment Food insecurity

Mistrust among

neighbouring com-

munities Food is not pro-

duced

Construction of political

outposts and deployment of

law enforcers Dialogue between Warrap,

Lakes and Unity Disarmament in all states

Construct road connection

from Remer to Madol to

Pabuong to Bhol and

Malkuer payams

Border

disputes Warrap claims ownership

of the stretch that covers 7

payams in Mayendit Mayendit claims owner-

ship of border stretch that

Warrap wants Warrap does not have

adequate pasture due to

dry climate Presence of firearms in

Warrap and lakes States Presence of gangs in

Lakes who attack Madol

and Bhor The border is not demar-

cated

Warrap youth

who attack 4

payams in

Mayendit Mayendit

youth who

defend their

county Youth and

women who

are killed in

Lakes State

Elders of

Warrap

elders of

Mayendit Politicians Women

who chal-

lenge men

to prove

their worth

if they are

not able to

defend the

borders of

the county

Loss of cattle

Burning of homes Displacement of

people Killing of youth

Loss of sources of

livelihood

Deploy police and SPLA

soldiers at the border Open roads and connect

road from headquarters to

payams for police move-

ment Establish border courts

Build prisons where crimi-

nals can be locked up as

they serve their jail term

Cont… Mayendit County: Conflict Analysis

Cont...

38

Conflict

issues Causes Parties in in the

conflict Parties to the

conflict Effects Suggested solutions

Food

insecurity Floods

Droughts – less rains Traditional farming sys-

tem Displacement as a result

of inter-state youth fights Dependence on rain-fed

farming Blockage of Khartoum –

Bentiu road Polygamy with high num-

ber of children which

stress available food re-

sources Food production shoul-

dered mainly by women

only Alcoholisms by men

Non-functional port

(Paak) Overpopulation by dis-

placed people from 7

payams bordering War-

rap strained food re-

sources Population increase by

returnees Inadequate food for the

returnees

Men who

beat their

wives Men who are

involved in

alcoholism Women who

have no food

to feed their

families

Politicians

who fail to

put food

security as a

priority

Poor health of

women and children

– anaemia among

expectant women

and children,

(malaria, diarrhoea,

malnutrition) Reproductive sys-

tems of women

affected due to lack

of food Women are beaten

by husbands when

there is no food Women are predis-

posed to Urinary

Tract Infections

because they spend

over 4 hours collect-

ing water lily while

standing inside

water Women have no

time to rest, they

work long hours Less opportunities

for education for

girls and women High rate of school

drop out by girls

and children in

general whenever

there is no food

Introduce modern farming

system – improve seeds of

sorghum, g/nuts, sesame,

vegetables etc, tractor, ex-

tension services Install grinding mill Construct police posts con-

struction at the border areas

along Warrap/Unity bor-

ders for stability Open port Paak for accessi-

bility of food items and

trade along the River Nile Road construction to con-

nect payams to reach food

markets

Abuse of

power by

organized

forces

Deployment of organized

forces to their own home

states Partisan practices by de-

ployed forces during con-

flicts Provision of arms by or-

ganized forces to their

ethnic groups to revenge

Youth of

Warrap and

Mayendit

who receive

arms and

carry out the

actual attacks

Govern-

ment Organised

forces Elders

County

leaders

Increase of revenge

attacks Death of youth,

men , women and

children Loss of livestock

Burning of houses

Body injuries

Loss of livelihoods Displacement of

families Food insecurity in

homes

Wait for presidential decree

Cont… Mayendit County: Conflict Analysis

39

Mayendit County: Prioritisation of Insecurity Issues

Conflict issues Youth Women Men/elders County

authority Total Rank

1—Highest

6– Lowest

Cattle raiding 2 4 2 3 11 2

Competition over water 6 2 3 2 13 3

Competition over pasture 5 6 4 4 19 5

Food insecurity 1 1 1 1 4 1

Abuse of power by organized

forces 4 5 6 6 21 6

Border disputes 3 3 5 5 16 4

Mayendit: Community Action Plan

Proposed

Project Activities Possible partners Start

Date Who will follow up

Priority 1: Food security

project

Community Mobilization for formation of farmer

groups Training farmers on how to use the tractor and seed

selection Train the already existing women group on manage-

ment of the grinding mill Mobilize communities through payam administra-

tors to support the road construction Mobilize community to support the rehabilitation of

Port Paak Mobilize the youth to form a group Register the youth in formal and non-formal centres

to learn skills in masonry, mechanics, metal works,

carpentry and electronics

County Au-

thority UNDP Other humani-

tarian agencies

10 Jan

2012 County Authority Steering Committee

Priority 2: Construct a

police outpost

Mobilise the community to support the construction

of the police outpost Purchase equipment for communication and vehi-

cles for transportation Organise state and interstate peace conference Talk to the government to carry out uniform disar-

mament

County Authority

10 Jan

2012 County Authority

40

7.7. Panyijar County

Panyijar County is situated in the south of Unity State. It shares borders with five counties in Lakes

state. It was promoted to the county in 2005 following the signing of the CPA. It has 15 payams and

the predominant clan in the county are the Nyuong. Panyijar stretches to 5,362 sq km and the popu-

lation is estimated at 50,723.13

The topography of the area is flat and experiences heavy equatorial rainfall leading to regular an-

nual floods. Some parts of the county experience water shortage which causes livestock owners to

move to cattle camps in search of pasture and water. A number of people practice agriculture; sor-

ghum and maize are the predominant crops.

The road connecting Panyijar headquarters to Ganyliel and Taiyar is incomplete as only seven kilo-

metres of the road have been constructed using mud instead of the ideal gravel called murrum. A

road connects the State with the county but only until Panyijar headquarters and is not operational

during the rainy season.

Panyijar County: Conflict Analysis / Community Perceptions

Conflict

Issue Causes Effects Possible Solutions

Cattle

raiding Ambitious /prestige in the number

of cows owned Revenge in return to previous

cattle raids To acquire cattle for dowry in

marriage / repay debts Traditional values and mindset

about conflicts between the Dinka

– Nuer Tribal tendencies between Nuer

and Dinka Differences on historical and dis-

agreement issues (split within the

SPLM) Shared facilities without order

and law particularly in the ab-

sence of government

Loss of human life / livestock losses Displacement of people (further

migration) Animal diseases transfer (foot and

mouth disease) Loss of property Kidnapping of women during raids Forced marriages Abduction of young girls/abduction

and killing of boys Increased illiteracy (boys never go to

school)

Mobilize youths to join schools while

encouraging middle-aged men to un-

dertake economic activities such as

agriculture project – sorghum produc-

tion with or without external support Enhance awareness among elders,

women, youth and leadership on the

harmfulness of cattle raiding Engage key stakeholders (chiefs, elders

across the counties/lakes state) on dia-

logue The ongoing disarming to continue Construction of 4 police stations

(Pachar, Wunpab (Mayon payam,

Marial payam, Pakom, Chuk, Panchin-

jok) Lobby for establishment of the mobile

network extension Establish border market between Dinka

and Nuer to promote positive interac-

tion among the 2 communities Competition

over pasture

and water

Rush to access grass near water

points in dry seasons before other

clans and communities Swampy areas with grass are near

boundaries

Losses of lives Displacement of people (further

migration) Instability among affected people Revenge in the previous losses/raids Loss of animals to hyenas Moving far areas to take animals

encounter combative communities,

wildlife, difficult situations

Reconciliation among communities

involving local leaders, chiefs (payams

and Lakes state) Construction of a police station on the

grazing zone Enhance communication between Nuer

and Dinkas Reconstruction of the prison at the

county headquarters

Small arms Militia sold guns to the people Those departing or resigning from

the military come home with guns Arabs/South Sudan fight allowed

communities to be equipped with

guns

Killing self, family and community

members when there is disagreement Used during cattle raiding Loss of lives

Disarmament continues

13 Ibid, p. 12.

Cont...

41

Conflict

Issue Causes Effects Possible Solutions

Presence of

criminals Food insecure Disarmament process on going Presence of arms in the hands of

a few Weak justice system Lack of prisons

Death/ambush on people Stealing and destroying

property Instability / insecurity

Construction of prison in the county head-

quarters Strengthening justice system in the county Construction of police stations identified

Border

conflicts Unclear boundaries / demarca-

tion violated Disproportionate distribution

after cattle raids When some of their own are

killed in the raids During marriage ceremonies

Loss of lives/properties Animosity among the com-

munities Displacement of people

Enforcement of the police in the existing and

new police stations Telecommunication / mobile communications Engage the youth in businesses / agriculture

projects (sorghum and other food crops) Maintenance of roads Formation of local construction companies to

engage the youth

Food

insecurity Poor road network In access to tools and farm

equipment Floods Inadequate knowledge in agri-

culture Over-reliance and dependency

on livestock Insecure forests/limited or no

collection of wild fruits

Hunger Cattle raiding Fighting Stealing Creation of criminal gangs Rape Sometimes killings

Improve road network (Panyijar to Rumbek/

Juba to Panyijar) Establish mechanized farming Promote fishing activities Promote irrigation along the river Educate farmers on improved farming

Long

distance to

water points

Drought / dry periods Long distance to water points Grinding floor for the house-

holds (long hours)

Women walk long distance

to fetch water Work overload affecting the

health of women Insecurity

Construct boreholes (Machora, Theanweng) Grinding meal for women

Domestic

violence Payment of dowry Cultural practices – beating Early and forced marriage Requests for money depend-

ency on women for daily subsis-

tence Drunkenness among men

Divorce sometimes Death /poor health of

women

Community education on the rights of

women Promote income-generating activities for

women

Cont… Panyijar County: Conflict Analysis

42

Panyijar County: Prioritisation of Insecurity Issues

Conflict issue Men Women Youth Total Rank 1—Highest

8– Lowest

Cattle raiding 2 2 2 6 2

Competition over grazing lands and pasture) 7 8 7 22 8

Presence of small Arms 4 3 6 13 4

Presence of criminal gangs 8 7 3 18 6

Border conflicts 6 6 8 20 7

Food insecurity 1 1 1 3 1

Long distance to water point 3 4 5 12 3

Domestic violence 5 5 4 14 5

Panyijar County: Community Action Plan

Project Action/resources Possible partners Start date Who will follow up

Priority 1:

Agri-business

project

Strengthen existing youth and

women groups (may form new

ones)

Youth and Women Leader

(Elizabeth Nyapada and

Mading Pouch), elders

chiefs

Elizabeth Nyapada and

Mading Pouch

Identify the actual land for the

project:

Binjak (River Yangar)

Chuck HQ near river Pal-

dengei

Bangkal- pachal, near river

mock

Community / chiefs/ ad-

ministrators

Elizabeth Nyapada and

Mading Pouch

Identify and train bulls for train-

ing at household level

Households ( men)

Identification of sites Community and chiefs,

county commissioner

Dec 2011 Head chief/ county

commissioner

Priority 2:

Construction of 4

police stations

Clearing land for constructions

Community / chiefs,

county commissioner

Jan 2012

Building Materials

Cement

Iron sheets

Iron Bars

Timber

Sand

Labour

Community/ GOSS/ UNDP

and others

Jan- Mar

2012

Local Steering Com-

mittee/county commis-

sioner

Priority 3:

Construction of

boreholes

Geological survey/ selection of

sites

Community/chiefs/ UNDP Jan 2012 County commissioner

and Steering Commit-

tee

Clearing the land Community / chiefs/ ad-

ministrators

Jan 2012 Chief in the respective

payam

Drilling of boreholes Community, GOSS/

UNDP/ Chiefs

Jan- Mar

2012

Steering Committee /

county commissioner /

UNDP

Formation of borehole manage-

ment committees

Community/chiefs Apr 2012 Steering committee /

UNDP

Training pump mechanics Community/ chiefs May 2012 Steering Committee /

UNDP

43

7.8. Mayom County

Mayom County is one of the nine counties of Unity State, located to the northwest of the State. Its

county headquarters is also called Mayom. It borders Abiemhnom County to the northwest, South

Kordofan in the north, Rubkona County to the northeast, Mayom County to the east, Tonj East

County to the southeast, Tonj North County to the south, Gogrial East County to the South West and

Twic County of Warrap state to the West14. Mayom has an estimated population of 120,715 and an

area of 4,970 sq km.15

Mayom County is home to the Bul – Nuer population who are agro-pastoralists, living on subsis-

tence farming, livestock keeping and fishing from River Chuolpi. Over time, merchants from Bentiu,

Sudan and neighbouring states Darfur and Warrap migrated to Mayom to establish a market econ-

omy.

Mayom County: Conflict Analysis / Community Perceptions

14 Mayom County Planning Unit (2011) County Strategic Plan and Budget 2012 to 2015 (unpublished). 15 5th Sudan Population and Housing Census 2008. In Statistical Yearbook for Southern Sudan 2010. Southern Sudan Cen-

tre for Census, Statistics and Evaluation, p. 12.

Conflict

issue (s) Causes Who is involved

openly and the role

they play

Who is involved

secretly and the

role they play

Effects Solutions

Presence of

RMGs Impacts of elec-

tions held in 2010

especially the los-

ers Forced armed re-

cruitment in Khar-

toum

Dinka, Nuer and

Misseriya spon-

sored by Govern-

ment of Sudan .

They fight to rebel

against the Govern-

ment of South Su-

dan.

Government of

Sudan so that

they can destabi-

lize South Sudan

Attacks by lions Looting of property Killing people Displacement of

families Grabbing of proper-

ties Planting of land

mines

There should be peace talks

b/w the govt. and the Arabs The government should

promote peace and stability

in the country Government should estab-

lish training centres, voca-

tional schools, Government should con-

struct police posts and

maintain peace and security

in the region

Cattle

raiding Presence of small

arms Lack of education Revenge as impact

of previous raiding Unemployment Lack of infrastruc-

ture , police, roads

and health centres

Dinka ( youth from

Warrap and Lakes)

are involved , they

do the actual fight-

ing; and Youth

from Mayom who

also go and re-

venge previous

attacks Misseriya who wait

and raid cattle at

the onset of the

rains when they

are returning to

South Kordofan RMG who raid and

take away cattle by

force

Dinka elders are

involved indi-

rectly because

they even use

‘Kujur’ to use

supernatural

powers to pro-

tect the youth

who go for cattle

raiding Government of

Sudan who sup-

port the RMG

Death Displacement of

families Rape of women Abduction of

women and children Houses are burnt Youth and men are

killed

Patrolling police should be

deployed Disarmament of small arms Establishment of schools,

roads and health centres Government should set up

police posts

Cont...

44

45

Conflict

issue (s) Causes Who is involved

openly and the role

they play

Who is involved

secretly and the

role they play

Effects Solutions

Unemploy-

ment Lack of education

and vocational

skills Lack of capital to

start a business Lack of companies Insecurity Lack of opportuni-

ties from the gov-

ernment Lack of skills re-

quired in the job

market

Youth are directly

involved because

they do not have

employment and

the all the cattle

belong to their

fathers

Children, wives,

parents and

relatives are

involved be-

cause they de-

mand for sup-

port even if one

has no income

Cattle raiding Inter-clan fights Death Injury and disability Youth joining militia

groups

Open vocational training

centres for the youth to

learn skills such as mechan-

ics, computer, welding,

masonry etc.

Competi-

tion over

water for

livestock

Not enough water

for livestock Movement of live-

stock to another

county Keeping many

cattle in one family Overcrowding of

cows at water

points

RMGs Youth

Elders Politicians

RMGs stealing cows Death of cows RMGs beating youth

in cattle camps Abduction of chil-

dren, women and

youth

Disarmament of civilians Deployment of police in

border areas

Inter-clan

fighting Traditional dance

with spear and kill Revenge Competition over

farmland Revenge of previ-

ous attacks Killing of a man

who impregnates a

girl then family

later comes to re-

venge Elopement of girls

Youth who fight to

protect their fami-

lies and communi-

ties

Elders who pro-

vide advise Death Injuries

Education for youth Creation of awareness to

women and elders Developing Laws on girls

child education by the gov-

ernment Police patrols in all ten

payams

Long dis-

tance to

fetch water

Not enough water

points Water tank that

was installed is not

functional Attack from RMGs Not enough rain Some boreholes are

broken Not enough water

storage containers

Women from

Mayom, and other

neighbouring

payams and coun-

ties who fight at

the water points Misseriya who

prevent women

from fetching wa-

ter

Government of

Sudan who use

Misseriya to

attack Mayom

Loss of life Fight among

women at water

points Rape women Pregnant women

loss their babies

Construction of 11 bores

holes in the ten payams Repairing some boreholes

which are broken Installing of water tank for

animals and livestock in

Mankien payams Installation of hand pump

in all 10 payams

Competi-

tion over

girls /

women

Taking girls by

force Forced marriage

(old men on young

girls) Marriage that fol-

lows traditional

laws Boys and girls are

not in school

Brothers of girls

who attack men

who have force-

fully married or

eloped their sisters Sometimes parent

members

Parents and

elders who au-

thorize their

sons to launch

attacks as re-

quired tradition-

ally

Fighting with boy’s

family Beating young girls Death (including

boys and girls) Disability Wounds Clan fighting

Sending boys and girls to

school

Cont… Mayom County: Conflict Analysis

Cont...

46

Conflict

issue (s) Causes Who is involved

openly and the role

they play

Who is involved

secretly and the

role they play

Effects Solutions

Attacks

from Mis-

seriya

Competition over

pasture Misseriya want to

take control of terri-

tory Misseriya are

armed Cattle raiding

Men and youth of

Mayom who do the

attacks Misseriya

Government of

Sudan who sup-

plies arms; insti-

gates and creates

divisions Elders who are

the link between

the community

and the govern-

ment: link b/w

Govt.

House burning Child abduction Loss of livestock People dying Starvation

Border demarcation Disarming of Misseriya Peace negotiations and

agreement on terms for mi-

gration Identification documents Mediation committee to

solve controversies Police patrols Infrastructure development:

roads, clinic, school, market Construct water points

Presence of

landmines Conflict between

RMGs & Govern-

ment Destabilization of

area

RMGs who plant

landmines to pre-

vent the organized

forces from reach-

ing them

Government of

Sudan who pro-

vide support to

RMGs to destabi-

lize South Sudan

Death (relating to all

groups) Disability (all) Orphans (children) Widows (men and

women) No movements of

people and goods Starvation / lack of

goods High commodity

prices

Demining of Mayom area Repair of roads Peace negotiations with

RMGs Uniting the community

(through community leaders

and authorities) Patrols by security forces

Presence of

Arms Presence of RMG:

they supply weap-

ons Cattle raiding (to

protect own cattle

and to raid) Conflict between

youth (internal and

external)

RMGs who are

supplying arms to

the local commu-

nity Youth who are

carrying and using

the arms

Government of

Sudan primary

source of weap-

ons

Death Criminality Disability Cattle raiding Cattle theft Breaking relations

within community

and with neighbour-

ing community Resistance to tradi-

tional leaders author-

ity (chiefs authority

not respected) Raping of young

girls by gangs)

Disarmament Involvement of cattle camps

heads in meetings with local

govt. and chiefs Educating youth on peaceful

coexistence (peace educa-

tion) Creation of job opportuni-

ties / employment such as

agricultural schemes, fishing

boats, nets, hooks; access to

credit

Cattle steal-

ing Poverty (stealing

for feeding or sell-

ing) Dowry greediness Displacement due

to conflict (lack of

everything) Climatic conditions

(drought leads to

lack of food)

Any community

member They steal cat-

tle, sometimes

one or two

Death Loss of live stock Arrest / detention Conflict b/w commu-

nities or within com-

munity

Creation of job opportuni-

ties Farming projects Education of youth and chil-

dren (all) Free health services (cattle

are stolen to pay health fees)

Border dis-

putes Competition over

pasture, water and

fishing grounds Cattle theft Diseases and epi-

demics of cattle

The youth from

outside Mayom

who cross over with

cattle, and men who

come to fish in

Mayom water

points

Elders who allow

such movements

and also support

attacks

Cattle raids Death Loss of property /

starvation Conflict between

communities Diseases spreading

(humans and ani-

mals)

Construction of roads link-

ing bordering town for faster

monitoring and follow up Police patrols and posts b/w

Mayom and Warrap state

(Majok, Malou, Dol, Kueng-

did, Manyang Ayuk, Titil,

Koch) and Rubkona (Wak)

and Mayom(Turkey) Peaceful negotiation between

neighbouring villages

Cont… Mayom County: Conflict Analysis

Mayom County: Prioritisation of Insecurity Issues

Conflict / Insecurity Issues Women Youth 1 Youth 2 Elders/Men Total Rank 1—Highest

13 Lowest

Cattle raiding 4 3 9 4 20 4

Presence of arms 6 5 3 2 16 3

Unemployment 13 7 5 6 31 9

Inter-clan fighting 1 9 10 9 29 7

Long distance to fetch water 2 1 1 10 14 1

Competition over women

and girls 11 13 13 13 50 13

Attacks from Misseriya 5 12 6 11 34 10

Presence of landmines 9 6 2 7 24 5

Presence of RMGs 3 2 8 1 14 2

Cattle stealing 7 10 11 12 40 12

Border disputes 12 8 4 5 29 7

Competition over land 10 - 7 8 25 6

Competition over water for

livestock 8 11 12 3 34 10

47

Mayom County: Community Action Plan

Project Action/resources Possible partners Start date Who will follow up

Priority 1: Construction of 11

boreholes: Wangbur at Pibor

boma; Kuarbinaa at

Joknyang boma;

Mankien at Deng-

bong boma; Riak at

Thorboth; Biech at

Tongtul; Ngop at

Rupguey; Wangkey

at Loathjuat; Pub at

Nurjuoy; Ruathayi-

bol: Kuer yiek; and

Bul 2.

Show the site Community March 2012 Local Steering Committee

Clear the sites Community Members and

County Authorities March 2012 Local Steering Committee

Inspection of Sites UNDP March Local Steering Committee Provide security Local Administration Local Steering Committee Biding and Selection of the Com-

pany to construct boreholes UDP and Steering Committee April 2012 Local Steering Committee

Actual Constructions UNDP, Selected Company May 2012 Steering Committee,

UNDP Hand over the project to Com-

munity thru the County Author-

ity

UNDP, County Community August 2012 Steering Committee

Monitoring and Maintenance of

the Boreholes Community, Steering Com-

mittee and payam Admini-

stration

After comple-

tion starting

August

Priority 2: Introduce mecha-

nized cash crop farm-

ing in all payams

and provide tractors,

seeds and agricul-

tural tools; as well as

training of youth and

women in agricul-

tural skills

Community mobilization Community March 2012 Community leaders

Identification of land and alloca-

tion County Authorities Steering Committee

Formation of farming associa-

tions and Membership and Man-

agement Committee

County authorities and Com-

munity April 2012 Payam Authority and

Steering Committee

Selection of beneficiaries through

the formed Association Payam Administration

Management Committee

April- May Steering Committee and

Association Management

Committee

Training of farmers through their

Associations County Authority /UNDP May 2012 Steering committee/

Purchase of a tractor and its ac-

cessories UNDP May 2012 UNDP and Local Steering

Committee Purchase of farm inputs (seeds,

tools, pesticide) UNDP May 2012 Local Steering committee

Hand over the project to Com-

munity thru the County Author-

ity

June 2012 County

Monitoring the Project Local Community through

the Management Committee Steering Committee and

County Authorities Priority 3: Construction and

equipping of 3 Police

Posts (Mankien, Riak

and Wangkic

payams)

Awareness and Identifying ac-

tual locations in Mankien, Riak

and Wangkic Payams

County and payam Authori-

ties March 2012 Steering committee and

payam Authority

Land clearing Community March 2012 Payam Authority

Tendering Process Steering Committee and

UNDP April 2012 Steering Committee

Mobilisation of local materials Community and Payam

Leadership April 2012 Community

Actual Construction Contractors/ UNDP May 2012 Steering Committee/

UNDP Purchase of office furniture, com-

munication equipment UNDP August 2012 Steering Committee

Hand over to Government UNDP Steering Committee

48

7.9. Pariang County

Pariang County borders three states including South Kordofan in Sudan in the north, Upper Nile in

the northeast, Jonglei in the east; it borders Guit County in the south, Rubkona County in the south-

west and Abiemhnom in the west. The county has nine payams and 60 bomas, while its headquar-

ters is located in Rianghnom town. Pariang is one of the least densely populated counties in Unity,

with an estimated population of 82,443 and an area of 9,016 sq km16.

The people of Pariang County depend on agriculture (maize and sorghum), fishing and largely, live-

stock rearing including cattle, goat and sheep. Local authorities estimate that around 99,000 cattle,

and over 200,000 goats and sheep are being raised in the county.

Pariang County: Conflict Analysis / Community Perceptions

16 5th Sudan Population and Housing Census 2008.” In Statistical Yearbook for Southern Sudan 2010. Southern Sudan Centre for Census, Statistics and Evaluation, p. 8.

.

Conflict

issue Cause Parties in Parties to Roles Effects Solutions

Attacks by

Misseriya Political settlement Interest in oil Lack of water and

pasture To get cattle and

hunt wild animals To get gums and

honey To cut cash trees

Youth of

Pariang, Misseriya

Govern-

ment of

Sudan who

use the

Misseriya

to fight

Pariang

Dinka youth in

Pariang who

fight to defend

the Pariang Misseriya who

come and at-

tack Pariang

Loss of lives Loss of proper-

ties Abduction of

children Burning of

houses and dura

and shogun Displacement Insecurity

Border demarcation International commit-

ment and mediation of

border dialogue Construction of police

post Deployment of SPLA

and police

Cattle raid-

ing To acquire wealth For marriage Involvement of

Khartoum govern-

ment Competition over

grazing land and

water

Misseriya Guit Pariang

Youth

Govern-

ment of

Sudan

Guit peo-

ple

Government of

Sudan that use

Misseriya to

attack Pariang The leadership

of Guit who

have come and

established

farms on land

belonging to

Paring

Loss of lives Loss of proper-

ties Displacement Insecurity Food insecurity Unemployment Lack of health

facilities Lack of educa-

tion

Deployment of SPLA

to the borders of

Kolek, Paknem, Aliry

and Palob International interven-

tion Unity State govern-

ment to stop Nuer

tribe from occupying

the areas of Parieng

e.g. Nyeel payam Unity State and GoSS

to organize peace

dialogue between

Neur of Guit and

Dinka of Parieng External

border dis-

pute

Oil field Political resettlement Extension of North-

ern Sudan territory

Government

of Sudan

Government

of South Su-

dan

Arab

world, e.g.

Iran

The Arab

world that

backs the oil

companies and

the SAF

Loss of lives Displacement Loss of proper-

ties Food insecurity

Demarcation of inter-

national border be-

tween Sudan and

South Sudan by UN

and international com-

munities

Cont...

49

Conflict

issue Cause Parties in Parties to Roles Effects Solutions

Lack of

education Civil war Lack of teachers (are

employed otherwise) Culture promotes

cattle herding but

not access to educa-

tion Lack of money to

pay teachers’ salary Lack of English-

speaking teachers

Parents Former Gov-

ernment of

National

Unity

Former

Govern-

ment of

National

Unity who

did not

make ef-

forts to

establish

good

schools

Parents pre-

venting girls to

go to school State govern-

ment does not

pay sufficient

salaries to

teachers

Unemployment Lack of oppor-

tunities Cattle raids

Building more schools

in all bomas Employ English-

speaking teachers Train teachers Adult education Government has to

supply school supplies

Pollution of

the environ-

ment

Poor waste disposal

by oil companies Toxic gases pollute

the air Oil exploitation Bombing of oil wells

Oil compa-

nies and

Pariang peo-

ple

Govern-

ment of

Sudan who

support the

oil compa-

nies

Oil companies

who pollute

the environ-

ment Pariang people

who suffer

from pollution

Water polluted Displacement of

residents with-

out compensa-

tion Diseases (skin,

infertility of

women, miscar-

riage)

Relocation of residents

away from oil explora-

tion area Provide health facili-

ties Have strict environ-

mental laws and its

enforcement Construction of safe

boreholes Compensate people

for displaced

Unemploy-

ment Lack of education /

skills Discrimination/ tri-

balism Cultural attachment

to the high value of

cattle Lack of employment

opportunities

Oil compa-

nies who do

not recruit

Pariang youth Parents of the

unemployed

youth The youth of

Pariang Female youth

who are not

allowed to

work

The State

govern-

ment that

has not

created

opportuni-

ties for the

youth

State govern-

ment does not

provide oppor-

tunities Nuer majority

discriminate

against Pari-

ang youth Parents pre-

vent their girls

from learning

and working

Lack of food

medication,

money Involvement in

raids to revenge

attacks on Pari-

ang

Collect firewood and

sell at the market (for

ladies) Government has to

force all boys and girls

to go to school (force

parents) Policies to encourage

school attendance Vocational training

(e.g. tailoring mechan-

ics, carpentry, driving,

electronic) Adult education

Food

insecurity Displacement Loosing tools and

fertile land Lack of water Overcrowding dur-

ing displacement Birds eating crops Crops affected by oil

fields waste Aerial bombardment

cause poor land

productivity Frequent/regular

attacks by SAF and

Misseriya Fear of leaving kids

unattended while

farming

Unity State

Government Misseriya families

Misseriya

who raid

cattle be-

longing to

Pariang

people

The previous

government of

National Unity

that focused on

oil and not on

people’s need

for farming Misseriya com-

peting for

cattle, water,

pasture Birds destroy-

ing crops

Weakness of

body and mal-

nutrition Anaemia Starvation Street children Vulnerability to

diseases Theft, dishonor

of family Quarrels within

the family Women/men

not able to pro-

duce children Death Injuries

Peace negotiations

with Misseriya Introduction of mecha-

nized farming for

increased production

(tractors etc.) Irrigation schemes Insecticides and pest

control

Cont… Pariang County: Conflict Analysis

Cont...

50

Conflict

issue Cause Parties in Parties to Roles Effects Solutions

Competi-

tion over

water

Distance from main

sources of water

(Nile) Old haffirs silted Haffirs contaminated

by remnants of war

or by proximity to oil

fields Displacement from

water sources Lack of boreholes

Oil companies Attacks by

SAF The previous

Government

of National

Unity Youth, chil-

dren and

women of

Pariang

Women and

children of

Pariang who

are attacked

by Misseriya

when going

to fetch wa-

ter

Oil companies:

Contamination

from oil fields SAF: Bombing,

abandoning

ammunitions Unity State

Gov.: No plan-

ning/ provision

of water points

(Government

too young to

blame)

Attacks by ani-

mals (hyena,

snakes) Rape of women

and girls Abduction of

children and

women Unexpected

delivery Miscarriage Injury – death /

during travel

Provision of water

points (water yards,

hand pumps) in pe-

ripheral payams (8)

HQs Solar pump plant at

payams HQ HP at bomas Haffir dug for domes-

tic use and animal use Rehabilitation of exist-

ing haffirs (within

fencing or safe for

children)

Youth, chil-

dren and

women of

Pariang

Poor hygiene –

infections No settlement

of returnees Fights at water

points Marriage failure

(groom is asked

to provide

water in small

tanks to bride’s

family; failure

to which the

two are not

allowed to get

married)

Repair of broken bore-

holes

Lack of

health fa-

cilities

Reluctance of previ-

ous government to

invest in health in

the area Lack of doctors

(medical qualified

personnel) in the

existing health cen-

tres

Previous

Government

of National

Unity NGOs People of

Pariang

People of

Pariang who

have no hos-

pital

Previous Gov-

ernment of

Unity that did

not establish

health facilities

in Pariang NGOs who are

not supporting

to have a hos-

pital in Pariang

Death Complications

during delivery Children health

(lack of post-

natal care) Long distance to

other health

centres

Employ qualified

medical personnel Construction of health

facility Drug supplies Health promotion/

awareness

Cont… Pariang County: Conflict Analysis

Pariang County: Prioritisation of Insecurity Issues

Conflict / Insecurity Issues Women Elders/Men Youth Total Rank 1—Highest

9– Lowest

Attacks by Misseriya 4 8 6 18 6

Cattle raiding 6 7 8 21 8

Food insecurity 5 2 3 10 3

External border disputes 1 1 9 11 4

Environmental pollution 9 9 5 23 9

Lack of education 7 3 4 14 5 Competition over water 2 4 1 7 1

Lack of health facilities 3 5 2 10 2

Unemployment 8 6 7 21 7

51

Pariang County: Community Action Plan

Project Action/resources Possible partners Start date Who will follow up

Priority 1: Construction of 27

boreholes, three (3) in

each payam

Identification of site Community March 2012 Local Steering Committee

Clear the sites Community Members and

county authorities

March 2012

Inspection of sites UNDP March 12

Provide security Local Administration Bidding and selection of the

company to construct bore-

holes

UNDP and Steering Commit-

tee April 2012 Local Steering Committee

Actual Construction UNDP, Selected Company May 2012 Steering Committee, UNDP Hand over the project to

community thru the County

Authority

UNDP, County Community August 2012 Steering Committee

Monitoring and mainte-

nance of the boreholes Community, Steering Com-

mittee and Payam Admini-

stration

After comple-

tion starting

August

Priority 2: Provision of Medical

Personnel and medical

drugs (Aliiny, Nyiel,

Biu, Panyang, Wankur,

Jamjang, Panrieng)

Recruitment of more doc-

tors State Ministry of Health 2012 Community leaders

Training of Health Cadres UNDP and NGOs April 2012 Local Steering Committee

Provision of drugs to health

centre UNDP April 2012 Payam Authority and Steering

Committee

Hand over the project to

Community thru the

County Authority

UNDP June 2012 County Authority

Monitoring the Project Ministry of Health Steering Committee and

County Authorities Priority 3: Provision of tractors (2

tractors per payam)

Community mobilization Community March 2012 Community leaders

Identification of land and

allocation County Authorities (steering

Formation of farming asso-

ciations and Membership

and Management Commit-

tee

County authorities and Com-

munity Apr 2012 Payam Authority and Steering

Committee

Selection of beneficiaries

through the formed Asso-

ciation

Payam Administration

Management Committee

Apr—May

2012 Steering Committee and Asso-

ciation Management Committee

Training of farmers through

their Associations County Authority /UNDP May 2012 Steering committee

Purchase of a tractor and its

accessories UNDP May 2012 UNDP and Local Steering Com-

mittee

Purchase of farm inputs

(seeds, tools, pesticide) UNDP May 2012 Local Steering committee

Hand over the project to

Community thru the

County Authority

June 2012 County

Monitoring the Project Local Community through

the Management Committee Steering Committee and

County Authorities

52

Warrap

Lakes

Jonglei

Upper Nile

Abiemnhom

Southern Kordofan Southern Kordofan Abyei

Abiemhnom

Mayom

Pariang

Rubkona Guit

Koch

Mayendit

Leer

Panyijar

Ngop

Budaang

Bang-Bang

Nyeel, Wunkur, Jamjang, Gumrak, Panyang, Yida, Aliny, Biu, Panrieng

Exact locations to be determined pending site assessments

Bentiu

8. NEXT STEPS

In Unity State, CSAC is supporting the Government’s conflict-sensitive projects to address the top-

most priorities identified during the consultations.

Police posts Boreholes Agriculture project (provision of tractors) State capital

53

South Sudan Bureau for Community Security and Small Arms Control Hai Kuwai, Bilpam, Juba, South Sudan

http://www.goss-online.org

South Sudan Peace and Reconciliation Commission http://www.goss-online.org

United Nations Development Programme UNDP Compound, Ministries Road, PO Box 410, Juba, South Sudan

Phone/+211 811 820 146 E-mail: info.ssd@undp.org http://ss.undp.org

European Union European Union Compound

Juba, South Sudan