3.6 l et p (for pdf) (09.iv.14)

British Institute at Ankara 2014

ISBN 978 1 898249 34 4

28 April 2014

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Cover illustration: 49. Boztepe, Parabeni and Romanelli 1914, 74 no. 57

CONTENTS 1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. NOTES AND COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1 Administrative Areas and Codes, and Maps . . . . . . 10 3.2 Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.3 Caput Viae . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.4 Lycia et Pamphylia . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.4.1 Provincial Boundaries . . . . . . . 10 3.4.2 Roads on the Conspectus Maps (Figs. 5.1-5.2) . . . 11 3.4.3 The Stadiasmus Patarensis and Roman Roads in Lycia . . 11 3.4.4 Concordance of Stadiasmus roads and RRMAM 3.6 . . . 14 Note on Photographs and Squeezes . . . . . . 15 4. MILESTONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.1 Numbered Milestones . . . . . . . . . 17 4.2 Designated Roads and Numbered Milestones . . . . . . 18 4.3 Epigraphic Conventions . . . . . . . . . 24 4.4 Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 A. Galatia: Via Sebaste . . . . . . . . 26 C. In Asiam . . . . . . . . . . 46 D. Lycia . . . . . . . . . . 59 E. Pisidia . . . . . . . . . . 78 H. In Ciliciam, Isauriam et Lycaoniam. . . . . . 96 Not Attributed . . . . . . . . . 105 4.5 Concordances . . . . . . . . . . . 108 4.6 Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 5. ILLUSTRATIONS: MAPS . . . . . . . . . . . 123 5.1-2 Conspectus Maps . . . . . . . . . 19-20 6. ILLUSTRATIONS: FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . 124 6.1 Published Facsimiles . . . . . . . . . . 124 6.2 Drawings from Squeezes . . . . . . . . . 128 7. ILLUSTRATIONS: PLATES . . . . . . . . . . . 141 7.1 Milestones . . . . . . . . . . . 141 7.2 Squeezes . . . . . . . . . . . 150

RRMAM Vol. 3 Milestones: David French

3 British Institute at Ankara

1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank the Ministry of Culture for granting the necessary permissions. Above all, to my Ministry representatives I owe a special debt of thanks: 1983 smet Ediz 1984 smet Ediz 1989 Mehmet Akalkan 1990 Byn Sena Mutlu 1991 Mustafa Akaslan 1993 Yaar Ylmaz 1994 Byn Nursel Ukan As in previous fascicules, Brian Williams drew the maps and Abigail Robinson formatted the text and illustrations. To both my thanks. I am grateful to Prof. Dr Sencer ahin for a photocopy of 48. Solak, to Prof. Dr M. Zimmermann for a photograph of 28. Der, and to Dr Nicholas Milner for preliminary information on 21. Balbura, Koca eme.



2. BIBLIOGRAPHY 2.1 Abbreviations The following abbreviations, for journals and serials and for books and series, are not found in the current lists: AST Aratrma Sonular Toplants KST Kaz Sonular Toplants IGRR Cagnat, R. (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae ad Res Romanas pertinentes 1, 3, 4. Roma 1911, 1927 (reprint Roma 1964) Kiepert Kiepert, R., Karte von Kleinasien. Berlin 1902-1906 (revised ed.) 2.2 Bibliography Note: The abbreviations primarily employed here are listed in L'Anne Philologique, Index of Articles; they are supplemented, where necessary, (1) by AJA 90 (1986), 384-394 Abbreviations (1) for Periodicals and (2) for Individual Works and AJA 104 (2000), 10-24, and (2) by Zeitschriftenverzeichnis nach Abkrzungen, JdI Archologische Bibliographie Adak, M. and Wilson, M. 2012 Das Vespasiansmonument von Deme und die Grndung der Doppelprovinz Lycia et Pamphylia. Gephyra 9, 1-40 with photos, Figs 1-7 Arundell, F. V. J. 1828 A visit to the Seven churches of Asia with an excursion into Pisidia. London 1834 Discoveries in Asia Minor 1-2. London (reprint Hildesheim 1975) von Aulock, H. 1979 Mnzen und Stdte Pisidiens 2. Tbingen (IstMitt-Beih 22) Bailie, J. Kennedy 1842-49 Fasciculus Inscriptionum, Graecarum potissimum, ex Galatia, Lycia, Syria et Aegypto, quas apud sedes celeberrimas chartis mandatas et nunc denuo concinnatas notisque et indicibus amplissimis instructas 1-3. Dublin and London Le Bas, Ph. and Waddington, W. H. 1870 Voyage archologique en Grce et en Asie Mineure 5, 3. Inscriptions grecques et latines recueilles en Asie Mineure. Paris Bean, G. E. 1959 Notes and Inscriptions from Pisidia, part 1. AnatSt 9, 67-117 Bean, G. E. and Harrison, R. M. 1967 Choma in Lycia. JRS 57, 40-44 Bean, G. E. and Mitford, T. B. 1965 Journey in Rough Cilicia in 1962 and 1963. Vienna (DenkschrWien 85) Benndorf, O. and Niemann, G. 1884 Reisen in Lykien und Karien. Vienna Berard, V. 1892 Inscriptions dAsie-Mineure. BCH 16, 417-446 Biagi, S. 2006 La fidlit dune cit grecque, : un milliaire de Sagalassos et les raids barbares sur la Pamphylie sous le regne de Claude II. In Quet, M.-H. (ed.) 2006, 357-370



Braund, D. C. 1985 Augustus to Nero. A Sourcebook on Roman History 31 BC-AD 68. Beckenham Cavalier, L. and des Courtils, J. 2008 Ncropole antique ou cimtiere moderne? Vestiges funraires dans les environs de Xanthos. Anatolia Antiqua 16, 381-392 Christol, M. and Drew Bear, T. 1987 Un Castellum Romain prs dApame de Phrygie. Vienna (DenkschrWien 189) 1991 D. Fonteius Fronto, Proconsul de Lycie Pamphylie. GrRomByzSt 32, 397-413 1992 Bornes routires et gographie administrative en Asie Mineure sous les Antonins et les Svres. Bull.Soc.Nat.Antiq.France, 338-351 Christol, M., Drew Bear, T. and zsait, M. 1993 Trois milliaires dAsie Mineure. Anatolia Antiqua 2, 159-169 Conti, S. 2004 Die Inschriften des Kaiser Julians. Stuttgart (Altertumswiss. Kolloquium 10) Coulton, J. J. 1986 The Buildings of Oinoanda. Proc. of Cambridge Philol. Soc. 29, 1-20 Cousin, G. 1900 Voyage en Carie. BCH 24, 329-347 evik, N., Bulut, S. and Kzgut, . 2008 Surveys around Rhodiapolis: Gagae/Gaxe. ANMED 6, 148-154 Devijver, H. and Waelkens, M. 1997 Roman Inscriptions from the Fifth Campaign at Sagalassos. In Waelkens, M. and Poblome, J. (eds), Sagalassos 4. Report on the Survey and Excavation Campaigns of 1994 and 1995, 293-314. Leuven (Acta Arch. Lovan. Monogr. 9) Drew Bear, T. 2008 Apameia, Konana, Pisidia Antiocheiasndan Yeni Yazitlar. 26 AST (Ankara), 1, 147-154 Drew Bear, T. and Eck, W. 1976 Kaisar-, Militar- und Steinbruchinschriften aus Phrygien. Chiron 6, 289-318 Erenk, D. 1992 Pamphylia Blgesi ve evresi Eski Yol sistemi. Belleten 56, 361-370, Pl. 1 and Figs 1-20 French, D. H. 1976 Researches on Milestones and roads in 1974. TrkArkDerg 23, 1, 51-54 (In Turkish) 1978 D. Fonteius Fronto, proconsul (of Asia). ZPE 29, 211-212 1980 The Roman Road System of Asia Minor. In Temporini, H. and Haase, W. (eds), ANRW 2. 7, 2, 698-729. Berlin 1981 Milestones of Pontus, Galatia, Phrygia and Lycia. ZPE 43, 149-173 1985 Roma Yollar ve Miltalar 1984. 3 AST (Ankara), 143-145 and Figs 1-14 1986a A Severan Milestone in the Antalya Museum. EpigrAnat 8, 84-90 1986b Kk Asya Roma Yollar ve Miltalar 1985. 4 AST (Ankara), 109-112 1986c D. Fonteius Fronto, proconsul (of Asia). ZPE 29, 211-212 1989 Road Terminus-stones. In Bagelen, N. and Lugal, M. (eds), Festschrift fr Jale nan 1, 17- 26. Istanbul 1990 1989 Yl Roma Yollar ve Miltalar almalar. 8 AST (Ankara), 229-240 and Figs 1-12 1991a Sites and Inscriptions Phrygia, Pisidia and Pamphylia. EpigrAnat 17, 51-68 and Pls 6-11 1991b Roman Roads and Milestones of Asia Minor. 43rd Annual Report, British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 7-9 1991c 1990 Yl Roma Yollar, Miltalar Aratrmas. 9 AST (anakkale), 149-163 1992a Roads in Pisidia. In Schwertheim, E. (ed.), Forschungen in Pisidien, 167-175. Bonn (Asia Minor Studien 6)



1992b 1991 Yl Roma Yollar, Miltalar ve Yaztlar Aratrmalar. 10 AST (Ankara), 199-206 1993 A Road Problem, Roman or Byzantine? IstMitt 43, 445-454 1995 1994 Dneminde Roma Yollar, Miltalar ve Yaztlar. 13 AST (Ankara), 1-4 and Figs 1-4 1997 Pre- and Early Roman Roads in Asia Minor: The earliest Roman, paved roads. Arkeoloji Dergisi 5, 179-187 Grnewald, T. 1990 Constantinus Maximus Augustus. Heerschafts-propaganda in der zeitgenossischen berlieferung. Stuttgart (Historia Einzelschr. 64) Habicht, C. 1975 New Evidence on the Province of Asia. JRS 65, 64-91 Hagel, St. and Tomaschitz, K. 1998 Repertorium der westkilikischen Inschriften: nach den Scheden der Kleinasiatischen Kommission der st. Akad. der Wissenschaften. Wien (Erg.-bd zu TAM 22) Hall, A. S. 1986a Kibyratis Survey 1985. In Annual Report, British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 10 1986b RECAM Notes and Studies No. 9: The Milyadeis and their Territory. AnatSt 36, 137-157 Harrison, R. M. 1964 Lycia 1963. AnatSt 14, 10 Heberdey, R. 1929 Termessische Studien. Vienna (DenkschrWien 69, 3 Abh.) Heberdey, R. and Kalinka, E. 1896 Bericht ber zwei Reisen in sudwestlichen Kleinasien. Vienna (Denkschr. Kais. Akad. 45, Abh. 1) Heberdey, R. and Wilhelm, 1896 Reisen in Kilikien und Sud-Phrygien. Vienna (DenkschrWien 44, Abh. 6) Horsley, G. H. R. 1989 Two new milestones from Pisidia. AnatSt 39, 77-84 plikiolu, B. 2007 Dou Likyada Epigrafya Aratrmalar. 25 AST (anakkale), 1, 355-364 (incl. Pls 1-15) plikiolu, S. 2001 Dou ve Kuzeydou Lykia-Gneybat Pisidia Epigrafik-Tarihi Coraf Yzey Aratrmalar Projesi 2000 Yl almalar. 19 AST (Ankara), 2, 127-132 plikiolu, B., elgin, A. V. and elgin, G. 1991 Kuzey Likyadan yeni yaztlar. 9 AST (anakkale), 183-202 1992 Neue Inscriften aus Nord-Lykien 1. Vienna (SBWien 584) 2007 Epigraphische Forschungen in Termessos und seinem Territorium 4. Vienna (stAkad Sitz.-ber. 743) Kellner, H.-J. 1997 Zwei neue Flottendiplome. Zur Grenze von Pamphylien und Kilikien. Chiron 7, 315-322 Kienast, D. 1996 Rmische Kaisertabelle. Grndzge einer rmischen Kaiserchronologie. Darmstadt (2nd ed.; reprinted 2004) Leadbetter, B. 2003 Diocletian and the Purple Mile of Aperlae. EpigrAnat 36, 127-136 Merkelbach, R. and ahin, S. 1988 Die publitzierten Inschriften von Perge. EpigrAnat 11, 97-168 Milner, N. 1998 An epigraphic survey in the Kibyra-Olbasa region conducted by A. S. Hall. London (BIAA Monograph 24; RECAM 3) 2012 The remaining inscriptions from the Balboura survey project. In Coulton, J. J. (ed.), The



Balboura Survey and Settlement in Highland Southwest Anatolia 2, 83-127. London (BIA Monograph 43) Mitchell, S. 1999 The Administration of Roman Asia from 133 BC to AD 250. In Eck, W. (ed.), Lokale Autonomie und rmische Ordnungsmacht in der kaiserzeitlichen Provinzen vom 1. bis 3 Jahrhundert, 17-46 (Schr. des Hist. Kollegs Kolloquien 42) Mommsen, Th. 1884a Additamenta tertia ad Corporis vol. 3. EphEp 5, 1-104 1884b Auctarium additamentorum ad Corporis vol. 3. EphEp 5, 569-624 Naour, Chr. 1977 Inscriptions de Lycie. ZPE 24, 265-290 1978 Nouvelles inscriptions de Balboura. Ancient Society 9, 165-185 1980 Tyriaion en Cabalide, Epigraphie et Geographie Historique. Zutphen (Studia Amstel. 20) Noll, J., ahin, S. and Vorster, Ch. 1985 Katalog der Inschriften in Museum von Alanya. EpigrAnat 5, 125-146 Ormerod, H. A. and Robinson, E. S. G. 1910/11 Notes and Inscriptions from Pamphylia. BSA 17, 215-249 Pace, B. 1916-20 La zona costiere de Adalia ad Side. ASAtene 3, 29-71 Paribeni, R. and Romanelli, P. 1914 Studi e Richerche archeologiche nellAnatolia Meridionale. MonAnt 23, 7-274 Peschlow, U. 1975 Die Architektur der Nikolaskirche in Myra. In Borchhardt, J. (ed.), Myra : eine Lykische Metropole in antiker und byzantinischer Zeit, 303-359. Berlin Petersen, E. and von Luschan, F. 1889 Reisen in Lykien, Milyas und Kibyraten 1-2. Vienna Pfhl, H. and Mbius, H. 1977-79 Die ostgriechische Grabreliefs 1-2. Mainz am Rhein Quet, M.-H. 2006 (ed.) La Crise de lEmpire romain de Marc Aurel Constantin. Mutationes, continuits, ruptures. Paris Ramsay, W. M. 1883 Unedited inscriptions of Asia Minor. BCH 7, 258-278 1888 Antiquities of Southern Phrygia and the border lands 3. The Phrygo-Pisidian Frontier. AJA 4, 263-283 1890 The Historical Geography of Asia Minor. London (RoyGeogSoc Suppl. Paper 6) 1895-97 The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia 1.1 and 2. Oxford 1941 The social basis of Roman power in Asia Minor. Aberdeen (ed. Anderson, J.G.C.) Robert, J. and L. 1960 Hellenica 11-12. Paris 1962 Villes dAsie Mineure (2nd ed.). Paris 1977 La persistence de la toponymie antique dans lAnatolie. In La Toponymie Antique. Actes de Colloque du Strasbourg 1975, 11-62. Leiden Smallwood, E. M. 1967 Documents illustrating the Principates of Gaius, Claudius and Nero. Cambridge Smith, A. H. 1887 Notes of a tour in Asia Minor. JHS 8, 216-267 Stenton, E. C. and Coulton, J. J. 1986 Oenoanda: The Water Supply and Aqueduct. AnatSt 36, 15-59 Sterrett, J. R. S.



1884/85 The Wolfe Expedition to Asia Minor. Boston (Pap.Amer.Sch.Class.St. 3) ahin, S. and Adak, S. 2007 Stadiasmus Patarensis. Itinera Romana Provinciae Lyciae. Istanbul (Monografien zur Gephyra 1) ahin, N. Eda Akyrek and ahin, S. 2000 Ein Meilenstein aus Tlos. Klio 82, 475-482 Takmer, B. 2004 Two Milestones on the Road from Myra to Limyra. Gephyra 1, 107-117 Takmer, B. and nen, N. T. 2009 Bat Pamphyliada Antik Yol Aratrmalar: Via Sebastenin PergeKlimaks Aras Gzergahnda Yeni Bir Yol Kalnts. Adalya 11, 109-132 with photos, Figs 1-26 Waelkens, M. and Loots, L. 2000 (eds) Sagalassos 5. Report on the Survey and Excavation Campaigns of 1996 and 1997. Leuven (Acta Archaeologica Lovaniensia Monographae 11/A) Wagner, G. 1992 Pamphylien. Antikes Leben an der Trkischen Riviera. Dortmund Waldmann, H. 1981 Neue Inschriften aus Pisidien. ZPE 41, 95-102 Walser, G. 1971 Die Reproduction von Meilenstein Inschriften. In Acta of the 5th Epigraphic Congress of Greek and Latin Epigraphy, Cambridge 1967, 437-442. Oxford 1980 Die Strassenbau-Ttigkeit von Kaiser Claudius. Historia 29, 438-462 Woodward, A. M. 1910/11 Inscriptions from Western Pisidia. BSA 17, 205-214 Woodward, A. M. and Ormerod, H. A. 1909/10 A Journey in South-Western Asia Minor. BSA 16, 76-136 Wrster, W. W. and Ganzert, J. 1978 Eine Brcke bei Limyra. AA, 288-307



3. NOTES AND COMMENTS 3.1 Administrative Areas and Codes, and Maps The province (il or vilayet) and the district (ile), together with their official codes, are given at the head of the rubric for each milestone. The third digit (in the group) records the sub-district (bucak) in which the milestone is now located or from which the stone has been removed (e.g. to a museum). The reference which immediately follows the administrative code indicates a named sheet and the grid square on the sheet. These named sheets form a single set of 1:200,000 maps based on a series of Ottoman maps (extremely rare) printed c. 1890 in Ottoman script. Under the Republic all names on the Ottoman maps were transliterated in a Latin font. The latest printing-date of the post-Ottoman maps seems to be c. 1941. 3.2 Dates The dates, cited here, for the Imperial tribunician power, consulship and (if any) imperial acclamation, are taken from the tables published by Kienast (1996). 3.3 Caput Viae A separate entry, indicating the starting-point (or destination) both of the road and of the measurement given in the distance figure has been inserted, for each milestone, immediately below the given text and above the entry for the date. Because of inherent difficulties, the caput viae is listed in hierarchical sequence, according to the degree of probability or possibility, as follows: Conana the caput viae is inscribed in the text, (Conana) the distance-figure is inscribed but the caput viae omitted, [Conana] neither caput viae nor the distance figure have survived. 3.4 Lycia et Pamphylia 3.4.1 Provincial Boundaries Insofar as it is possible to delineate the province in the year AD 198 (the sixth tribunician power of Septimius Severus), the provincial boundaries have been defined as follows: On the North (1) by natural geographical and physical features, principally high ground and watersheds, and (2) by the boundary established for Galatia by the distribution of milestones bearing the name of known governors of Galatia; (3) by the boundary known or estimated for the city-territories of Sagalassus and Lysinia, and also (4) by the boundaries known or estimated for the city-territories of Adada, Selge, Etenna and Cotenna. On the West (1) by natural geographical and physical features, principally high ground and watersheds, and (2) by the boundaries known or estimated for the city-territories of Telmessus (on the high ground S of the Indus river valley [modern Dalaman ay]) and Balbura (on the Boncuk Dalar). The boundary between Lycia and Asia in AD 43 is illustrated by ahin and Adak (2007, Map). On the East



On epigraphic evidence (two diplomas, the earlier dated to AD 139 [naming Laertes] and the later [naming Sydera] to 145, see Kellner 1997, 321 and Map): Laertes was situated in Pamphylia but Selinus in Cilicia (death of Traianus at Selinus, 7 Aug[?] AD 117). Syedra has here been treated as a city of Pamphylia, on the grounds that the format and wording of the Demirta milestone (here no. 49) find parallels on other milestones of Pamphylia, but cp. Kellner (loc.cit.) who sets the Pamphylian-Cilician frontier along a line NW of Syedra, thereby assigning that city to Cilicia. Here the boundary has been located on one of the small rivers SE of Syedra, perhaps the Sedra ay itself. 3.4.2 Roads on the Conspectus Maps (Figs 5.1-5.2) As in earlier fascicules I have maintained the principle that the presence of a milestone indicates the existence though not necessarily the course of a Roman road. My researches in Lycia et Pamphylia were therefore concentrated, as in Asia, on the location of published milestones and, where time allowed, to search for any available trace of paved roads to which the milestones could be assigned. In fact this research strategy was overtaken by the discovery of the Stadiasmus Patarensis and the subsequent, intensive and thoroughly illuminating exploration of the routes indicated in the Stadiasmus text (ahin and Adak 2007). The conspectus maps (Figs 5.1-5.2) are not intended to illustrate the road-system over the whole of Roman Lycia nor do they replicate the network of roads documented on the Stadiasmus map of ahin and Adak (2007). Not all the roads of the Stadiasmus are repeated here; for a concordance of the Stadiasmus roads and the conspectus maps, see below, Note 3.4.4. The maps (Figs 5.1-5.2) represent only (a) those roads to which milestones may be attributed, (b) those roads which I have observed, (b) those roads which have been observed by others, (c) those roads the existence of which may be presumed or conjectured. In general, for the whole of Lycia et Pamphylia, while for some routes there is evidence from observed remains, nevertheless for other routes the existence of a road is largely conjectural, e.g. E.5 [Perge - (Cibyra - Laodicia) road] - (?) - Via Sebaste, or C.7 Via Sebaste (Baris?) (- Apamia). Note that the location both of milestones and of roads was noted in the days before GPS. 3.4.3 The Stadiasmus Patarensis and Roman Roads in Lycia Only in Provincia Lyciae that is to say, before the creation (under Vespasianus, ? AD 70 or 71; for recent epigraphic evidence, see Adak and Wilson [2012, 1-40]) of the combined province, Lycia et Pamphylia is there extensive and detailed evidence for road-construction at the beginning of Roman administration, in the years following AD 43 (Claudius action to make Lycia a Roman province). The essential documentation is to be found in the Stadiasmus Patarensis (ahin and Adak 2007) and in other epigraphic evidence, such as the bridge inscription at Kemeraras below Oenoanda (Milner 1998). The information on the Stadiasmus represents a compilation (ordered by Claudius and supervised by the governor, Quintus Veranius) of roads made and distances measured, both presented as it were at a micro-scale: contrast the long-distance routes of Macedonia (R. Gallikos: AE 1976.643, 260 MP from Dyrrachium) and Asia in the Republican period, as, for example, between Pergamum and Side (331 MP: RRMAM 3.1. 10)



But to what end? If the purpose was not simply the physical military control of new territory, after the civil disturbances of the previous decade, what stronger purpose might there have been? What was the underlying aim, that is to say, what was the strategy behind the programme of road-building and road-measuring? Underlying the presentation of the map Lycia et Pamphylia (Figs 5.1-2) there is a presumptive hypothesis. I suggest that this enumeration of places and distances does not wholly reveal framework necessary for the administration of the new province, such as the relationship between centre and periphery, the need for rapid communication between major centres and the distinction between localized routes and major arteries. It may be more instructive to question whether or not the document as a summary of roads and distances reflects the template of intentions in a word, administrative policy. Setting aside the roads of military significance, i.e. those directed at the legionary fortresses, I interpret the Roman road-system in Asia Minor as an organized development which was designed to facilitate provincial administration. For the most part the roads of Roman Asia Minor were founded on pre-existing routes/roads, as, presumably, here in Lycia hence the use (on milestones) of the phrase vias stravit/erunt. For the earliest years of the Republican province of Asia there is sufficient evidence (from milestones) to support this interpretation; see the presentation of Mitchell (1999, 22ff with map, p. 21). On the basis of literary and epigraphic texts, especially the Ephesus text (Habicht 1975, 64-91) (dated to the Flavian period). Mitchell re-assembled and discussed the evidence (1999, 22-29 with extensive bibliography) for an administrative system based on Assize Districts, conventus, , to which were attached towns and smaller communities such as villages, rural markets, farmsteads. For the dependance of smaller communities on the cities, the conventus centres, see Habicht (1975, 67 cities, tribes, ?demes). In this context, Mitchell cited texts for the origin and survival of this hierarchical organization in the years after the creation of the province Asia; see Strabo [14.1.38, C 646] for the origin in the years 129-126 BC when M Aquillius . A text, inter alia, from Didyma [I.Didyma 149] for the survival of the organization. It may be noted that the Didyma text gives a list of the conventus cities of Asia: Cyzicus, Adramyttium, Pergamum, Sardis, Ephesus, Miletus, Alabanda, Halicarnassus, Laodicia, Apamia, Synnada, Philomelium; the text is dated to AD 40, three years before the the creation of a provincia Lyciae. I pose the question, therefore: Does the evidence of the Stadiasmus support a similar interpretation for the newly created province? For Lycia ahin and Adak (2007, 209-211) do, indeed, provide, in a broad overview, an illustration of a hypothetical road-network. I reproduce their diagram in the facsimile below (p. 13). . This overview gives equal weight to all sites, without hierarchy, small centres together with larger centres. On the road-system of Lycia my own premise may be simply stated: that a provincial road-network was created as the means of administration at several levels, whereby the major centre(s) provincial capital(s) were linked by major roads (1) to the major centres of other provinces and (2) to major cities within the province, and then by minor roads (3) to minor towns and finally (4) to lesser settlements/sites (sacred sites, villages, farms) associated with, or dependent on, larger towns and cities. This hierarchy of centres requires a network both of major, arterial roads and secondary



roads to which in turn were linked minor, local roads, feeder roads, perhaps within a city-territory. Within the pattern I postulate nodal points Ramsays term for a nodal point was a road-knot (Ramsay 1890, 50) which may be likened to the conventus-centres of Asia province. These nodal-points together with the major roads, leading to and away from the major centres, I illustrate as follows:

In order further to describe the combination of roads of differing status [numbered (1) to (4) in the preceding paragraph] I offer my interpretation in the form of a botanical image, in which the pattern of roads resembles the veins, symmetrical or not, on a leaf: central or main arteries from (or to) which minor veins spread in the form of branches. Naturally, this interpretation of the relationship between the cities and towns of the the Stadiasmus and the Roman road-network as reconstructed by modern research requires extensive testing from all sources, both epigraphic and archaeological.



3.4.4 Concordance of Stadiasmus roads and RRMAM 3.6 STADIASMUS RRMAM 3.6 STR 1 Patara - Xanthus . . D.3 Xanthus - Patara STR 2 Xanthus - Sidyma . . D.2 Xanthus - Telmessus + D.5 Sidyma - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] STR 3 Sidyma - Kalabantia STR 4 Xanthus - Pinara . . D.2 Xanthus - Telmessus + D.6 Pinara - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] STR 5 Xanthus - Tlos . . D.2 Xanthus - Telmessus + D.7 Tlos - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] STR 6 Xanthus - [Neis]a . . D.1 Xanthus - Choma - [Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) road] STR 7 Neisa - Choma . . D.1 Xanthus - Choma - [Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) road] STR 8 Pinara - Telmessus . . D.6 Pinara - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] STR 9 Telmessus - Calynda . C.2 Telmessus (- Tralles) STR 10 Tlos - Telmessus . . D.7 Tlos - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] + D.2 Xanthus - Telmessus STR 11 Telmessus - Calynda STR 12 Calynda - Caunus . = RRMAM 3.5. Asia D.51 Caunus - [Tralles (- Telmessus) road] STR 13 Calynda - Lyrnae STR 14 L[yrnae] - Hippocome STR 15 Hippocome - Symbra STR 16 Symbra - [Cadyanda] STR 17 Cadyanda - [Telmes]sus . D.10 Cadyanda - [Telmessus (- Tralles) road] STR 18 Cadyanda - [Arax]a STR 19 Cadyanda - [Tl]os STR 20 Araxa - Tlos STR 21 Araxa - Oenoanda STR 22 Oenoanda - Balbura . C.4 Telmessus - Oenoanda - Balbura (- Cibyra) STR 23 Oenoanda - Balbura . D.13 Balbura - [Oenoanda - (Perge - [Cibyra - Laodicia] road)] STR 24 Balbura - Cibyra . . D.13 Balbura - [Oenoanda - (Perge - [Cibyra - Laodicia] road)] STR 25 Tlos - Oenoanda STR 26 Tlos - Castabara STR 27 Castabara - Choma STR 28 Choma - Podalia STR 29 Choma - Codopa STR 30 Codopa - [Acarassus] STR 31 Acarassus - [Soclae] STR 32 Soclae - [Podalia] STR 33 Podalia - [Arneae] STR 34 Pod[ali]a - Arycanda] . D.14 Limyra - Choma STR 35 Arycanda - Arn[eae] STR 36 Ar[ycanda] - I[de]bessus STR 37 [Arycanda ?] - Lesei[ - ] STR 38 [L]e[s - ] - [Rhodia]po[lis] STR 39 Ar[ycanda - Lim[yra] . D.14 Limyra - Choma STR 40 Idebessus - Acalissus



STR 41 Acalissus - Corma STR 42 Idebessus - Citan[aur]a STR 43 Citanaura - Co[s]ara STR 44 Cosa[r]a - T[y]palli[a] STR 45 Typallia - Trabenna STR 46 Trabenna - Attalia . . D.25 Trebenna - Attalia STR 47 Trabenna - Onobar[a] STR 48 Onobara - thalassa STR 49 [Cosara] - Lyc[ae] STR 50 Lyca[e] - Citanaura STR 51 Lycae - Collyba - Pygela STR 52 Cosara - Phaselis STR 53 Py[g]ela - Corydalla STR 54 Patara - [Phellus] . . D.23 Xanthus - Patara - Limyra - Perge STR 55 Phellus - [Neisa] by Candyba STR 56 Phellus - [Cyaneae] . D.23 Xanthus - Patara - Limyra - Perge STR 57 Cyaneae - [Myra] . . D.23 Xanthus - Patara - Limyra - Perge STR 58 Myra - [ ? ] STR 59 Myra - [Li]m[yr]a . . D.23 Xanthus - Patara - Limyra - Perge STR 60 Limyr[a] - [Cory]dalla . D.23 Xanthus - Patara - Limyra - Perge STR 61 Coryd[a]lla - Gagae . D.19 Gagae - Corydalla STR 62 Coryd[a]lla by Rhodiapolis STR 63 and Madamyssus - Acalissus STR 64 Gagae - Corycus STR 65 Corycus - Phaselis NOTE on Photographs and Squeezes The photographic illustrations in the fascicules of RRMAM are not intended to give more than a visual indication of the location and condition of the milestone: in publishing photographs in this and in all the fascicules of RRMAM I I have been attempting to illustrate their state as recorded. My photographs do not, indeed mostly cannot, stand as an ultimate authority on the text. I decided at the outset of my work that when a milestone is extant, accessible and recordable, the primary source for the text would be, if at all possible, a paper squeeze made with one or multiple (overlapping but not bonding) sheets of a standard size; but cf. the method introduced by Walser (1971). My squeezes are stored in the BIA. Photographs of the collection are available on the BIA website: www.biaatr.org/squeeze/index.php.



4. MILESTONES



4.1 Numbered Milestones 01. Kovanlk, Deme Boaz [p. 26] 02. Da, Deme Boaz [p. 26] 03. Da, Ortaova Mevkii [p. 27] 04. rktl 1-2 [p. 28-29] 05. Boazii 1-3 [p. 29-31] 06. Der 1-2 [p. 32] 07. Yar 1-6 [p. 33-36] 08. Yaz [p. 37] 09. Karakent 1-2 [p. 38-39] 10. lyas 1-2 [p. 39-40] 11. Ardl 1-3 [p. 41-42] 12. Tepecik [p. 42] 13. Keiborlu [p. 44] 14. Nebiler [p. 46] 15. Yukar Karaman [p. 46] 16. Yazr, Hyk Mahallesi [p. 46] 17. Teke Kozaa 1-4 [p. 48-51] 18. Mamatlar [p. 51] 19. Dont, Zurban eme 1-4 [p. 53-54] 20. Esen, Dont Mahallesi [p. 54] 21. Balbura, Koca eme [p. 55] 22. allca [p. 57] 23. Akaren [p. 57] 24. avdr 1-2 [p. 59-60] 25. amlova [p. 59] 26. Gmbe [p. 60] 27. Karadere, zlen [p. 62] 28. Der (anc. Tlos) [p. 63] 29. kek, Delikta 1-2 [p. 65] 30. zml [p. 67] 31. Oenoanda [p. 68] 32. Turunova 1-2 [p. 69-70] 33. Tekke [p. 71] 34. Asar [p. 72] 35. Mavikent 1-2 [p. 73] 36. Kale [p. 74] 37. Karakise [p. 76] 38. decik 1-2 [p. 78-79] 39. Alasun 1-2 [p. 81-82] 40. eltiki 1-3 [p. 83-85] 41. Seydi [p. 86] 42. amlk [p. 87] 43. Bozova [p. 88] 44. Alasun 3 [p. 90] 45. Isparta 1-2 [p. 91-93] 46. Deregm 1-3 [p. 94-95] 47. Gnen [p. 95]

48. Solak [p. 96] 49. Boztepe [p. 96] 50. olakl 1-3 [p. 97-99] 51. (Rep. 10) Selimiye [Side] 52. Alanya 1-2 [p. 100-101] 53. Demirta [p. 102] 54. Antalya [p. 105] 55. Antalya Museum [p. 106] 56. amlika [p. 107]



4.2 Designated Roads and Numbered Milestones A. GALATIA 1. Via Sebaste . . . . . . . . . (2.H.1) . . 01-13 01. Kovanlk, Deme Boaz 02. Da, Deme Boaz 03. Da, Ortaova Mevkii 04. rktl 1-2 05. Boazii 1-3 06. Der 1-2 07. Yar 1-6 08. Yaz 09. Karakent 1-2 10. lyas 1-2 11. Ardl 1-3 12. Tepecik 13. Keiborlu B. DE PISIDIA IN GALATIAM 1. Prostanna (- Colonia Parlas - Via Sebaste) . . . . (2.I.1, 2) 2. Prostanna (- Colonia Antiochia) C. IN ASIAM 1. Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) . . . . . . (5.E.3) . . 14-18 14. Nebiler 15. Yukar Karaman 16. Yazr 17. Kozaa 1-4 18. Mamatlar 2. Xanthus - Balbura (- Cibyra) . . . . . . (5.E.6) . . 19-21 19. Dont, Zurban eme 1-4 20. Esen, Dont Mahallesi 21. Balbura, Koca eme 3. Telmessus (- Tralles) . . . . . . . (5.E.2) 4. Telmessus (- Bubon - Cibyra) . . . . . . (5.E.7) 5. Via Sebaste (territory of Sagalassus) (- Cibyra) . . . (5.E.5) . . 22-23 22. allca 23. Akaren 6. Via Sebaste (territory of Sagalassus) (- Laodicia - Sardis - Thyatira- Pergamum) . (5.E.1)



7. Via Sebaste (territory of Baris?) (- Apamia) . . . . (5.E.4) D. LYCIA 1. Xanthus - Choma - [Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) road] . . . . . . 24-26 24. amlova 25. avdr 1-2 26. Gmbe 2. Xanthus - Telmessus 3. Xanthus - Sidyma ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 27. Karadere, zlen 4. Sidyma - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] 5. Pinara - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] 6. Tlos - [Xanthus - Telmessus road] . . . . . . . . . . 28 28. Der (anc. Tlos) 7. Telmessus - [Xanthus - Choma - [Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) road] . . . . . 29 29. kek, Delikta 1-2 8. Patara - [Xanthus - Choma - (Perge [- Cibyra - Laodicia]) road] 9. Cadyanda - [Telmessus (- Tralles) road] . . . . . . . . . 30 30. zml 10. Oenoanda - [Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) road] 11. Oenoanda - Choma . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 31. Oenoanda 12. Balbura - [Oenoanda - (Perge [- Cibyra - Laodicia]) road] 13. Limyra - Choma . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-33 32. Turunova 1-2 33. Tekke 14. Myra - Comba 15. Timiussa - [Xanthus - Limyra - Attalia - Perge - road] 16. Aperlae - [Xanthus - Limyra - Attalia - Perge - road] . . . . . . . 34 34. Asar 17. Antiphellus - [Myra - Comba road] 18. Gagae - [Xanthus - Limyra - Attalia - Perge - road]] . . . . . . . 35



35. Mavikent 1-2 19. Rhodiapolis - [Xanthus - Limyra - Attalia - Perge - road] 20. Idebessus - [Corydalla - Attalia road] 21. Olympus - [Xanthus - Limyra - Attalia - Perge - road] IN PAMPHYLIAM 22. Xanthus - Patara - Limyra - Attalia - Perge . . . . . . . . 36-37 36. Kale 37. Karakise 23. Corydalla - Attalia 24. Trebenna - Attalia E. PISIDIA 1. Prostanna - Via Sebaste . . . . . . . . . . . 38 38. decik 1-2 2. Sagalassus - Via Sebaste . . . . . . . . . . . 39-41 39. Alasun 1-2 40. eltiki 1-3 41. Seydi 3. Colonia Cremna - Via Sebaste . . . . . . . . . . . 42 42. amlk 4. Termessus - Ariassus - Via Sebaste 5. [Perge (- Cibyra - Laodicia) road] - (?) - Via Sebaste 6. Isinda - Colonia Comama . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 43. Bozova 7. Isinda - [Perge - (Cibyra - Laodicia) road] 8. Isinda - [Perge - (Cibyra - Laodicia) road] 9. Sagalassus - Conana . . . . . . . . . . . . 44-47 44. Alasun 3 45. Isparta 1-2 46. Deregm 1-3 47. Gnen 10. Adada - Perge



F. PAMPHYLIA 1. Attalia - Via Sebaste 2. Attalia - Magydus - Perge 3. Pednelissus - [Perge (- Anemurium - Seleucia - Tarsus) road] 4. Sillyum - [Perge (- Anemurium - Seleucia - Tarsus) road] 5. Selge - Aspendus - [Perge (- Anemurium - Seleucia - Tarsus) road] 6. Etenna - Side 7. Side - [Coracesium (- Isaura Nova) road] G. IN GALATIAM 1. Side (- Amblada - Mistea - Colonia Iconium) . . . (2.K.1) H. IN CILICIAM, ISAURIAM ET LYCAONIAM 1. Perge (- Anemurium - Seleucia - Tarsus) . . . . (7.C.1) . . 48-53 48. Solak 49. Boztepe 50. olakl 1-3 51. (Rep. 10) Selimiye [Side] 52. Alanya 1-2 53. Demirta 2. Side (- Isaura Nova) . . . . . . . . (7.C.2) 3. Coracesium (- Isaura Nova) . . . . . . (7.C.3) NOT ATTRIBUTED . . . . . . . . . . . . 54-56 54. Antalya 55. Antalya Museum 56. amlika



4.3 Epigraphic Conventions MAJUSCULE Letters read on the stone (or preserved in an earlier copy) but not understood by the editor [ ] [a b c] Letters, lost through breakage or no longer visible, restored by the editor { } {a b c} Letters cut in antiquity but thought by the editor to be superfluous Letters thought by the editor to have been accidentally omitted in antiquity and, therefore, supplied by the editor ( ) (a b c) Letters supplied by the editor in order to complete or to amplify an ancient abbreviation _a b g _a b c Letters erased in antiquity but still wholly visible _a b g _a b c Letters erased in antiquity and only partly preserved _[ ] _[a b c] Letters erased in antiquity, no longer visible, restored by the editor a b g a b c Letters, damaged and/or only partly preserved, the interpretation of which is open to doubt; consult the drawing (where available) (sic) Words or letters correctly cut but thought to be grammatically or orthographically remarkable or unusual; where possible, given by the editor as preserved on the stone a b g a b c (A modern error) Letters or words emended from an earlier copy of an inscription which is not now available to the editor; a note is given in the apparatus or in the commentary / / /a b c/ (An ancient error) Letters or words incorrectly cut, or malformed, or for which, in error, different letters or words have been inscribed on the stone; suggested corrections are supplied by the editor; consult the drawing (where available) and the commentary a b c Letters seen by an earlier copyist but no longer visible or preserved (vac) or (v) vacat, i.e. an empty space [ . . 4 . . ] [ . . . . ] The figure, or the number of dots, within the square brackets indicates the precise number of letters required to fill a known space or to complete the inscription [ - - - - ] - - - - The dashes within the square brackets indicate an indefinite number of letters to be restored in the text in order to fill a known space or to complete the inscription; if the square bracket is not present, the number of missing letters (and hence of missing lines) is not known ligatures The presence of ligatured letters is indicated in the commentary | ab|c The vertical line indicates the original line-divisions, whether falling in a single word or | ab | c between two words, in an inscription which is printed as continuous text or as verse || ab||c The double vertical line indicates the end of every fifth line (the fifth, tenth, fifteenth || ab || c and so on), whether falling in a single word or between two words, in an inscription printed as continuous text or as verse



4.4 Texts



A. GALATIA A.1 VIA SEBASTE 01. Kovanlk, Deme Boaz Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Antalya 07-00-4 Map Elmal 40-Iy (20.08) Location In situ. Lying on W side of Roman road, at the foot of a ramp which takes the Roman road, in a zig-zag, through a narrow gorge; c. 1 km N of the main area of ruins at the mouth of the valley Copy DHF 21.vii.1988, 20.vii.1990 and 21.xi.1991. DHF squeeze in BIAA. No photo. BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 07. Antalya 03, Da, Deme Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. The shaft is straight and roughly smoothed; at the bottom, there is a square plinth. The top is flat. The inscription is cut on a shallow, recessed panel, once smoothed; the inscription begins c. 0.09 m below the top of the panel. The stone is complete. Hard, pale grey limestone. Surface and letters: extremely worn; faint traces of line 1. Dimensions Ht (overall) 1.96; (shaft) ht 1.57, (diam.) (top) 0.69; (plinth) ht 0.39, wi. 0.78; (panel) ht 0.59, wi. 0.46. Letters: (line 8) c. 0.09 Text Imp Caes [ . . ] 2 [ - - - - ] [ - - - - ] 4 [ - - - - ] [ - - - - ] 6 [ - - - - ] [ - - - - ] CXXXX Caput Viae (Colonia Antiochia) Date (?) 6 BC Augustus 02. Da, Deme Boaz Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Antalya 07-00-3 Map Elmal 40-Iy (co-ordinates: Eastwards 19mm, Northwards 15mm) Location At the gate on the Roman road in the Deme Boaz; built into the eastern flanking-wall of the gate, at the NE corner of the gate itself Copy DHF 25.viii.1989. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.1 [p. 129]) and photos (Pl. 7.2.1 [p. 142]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 07. Antalya 07, Da, Deme Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF B/W M/89/12.04 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 306.38-39 Publication French 1990, 235 (notice) and Fig. 12 French 1997, 184 no. 2 AE 1997. 1496 (text of French 1997)



IK 57 (Pisidia) (eds Horsley and Mitchell). 166 (text and translation) Description A simple cylinder. The top is flat; the base is buried. The inscription is cut in a sunken panel, on a smooth surface. Complete but worn. Hard, pale limestone. Surface and letters: very worn. Dimensions (Shaft) ht (vis.) 1.35, diam. (top) 0.62; (panel) ht 0.55, wi. 0.48; depth of panel from top 0.50. Letters: (line 1) P 0.062, (line 4) M 0.03, (line 9) X 0.10 Text Imp Caesar Divi f 2 Augu[stus] pont maxim c[os XI desig XII] imp XV 4 trib potes XIIX viam Sebasten curante 6 Cornut[o] A[q]uila leg [suo pro praetore] 8 (vac) fec[i]t (vac) CXXXVIIII Caput Viae (Colonia Antiochia) Date 26.vi-31.xii, 6 BC Augustus 03. Da, Ortaova Mevkii Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Antalya 07-00-3 Map Elmal 40-Iy Location In the bed of a deep gulley, below the so-called bridge, at a point c. 7.80 km due E from Da. In the valley (named Deme Boaz on the 200,000 map) leading to the top of the pass where stands the gate and the milestone (above, 02); rolled down from the Roman road which runs parallel to the modern ose c. 20 m SW of the gulley bed Copy DHF 24.viii.1989. DHF squeeze (25.viii.1989) (drawing, Fig. 6.2.2 [p. 129]) and photos (Pl. 7.1.2 [p. 142]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 07. Antalya 06, Da, Ortaova Mevkii Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/89/20.06-07 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 306.21-23 Publication French 1990, 235 (notice only) Adak and Wilson 2012, 4 n.12 (text from DHF pers. communication) Description A simple cylinder. The top and bottom are broken. Much damaged, and worn by water. Hard, pale limestone. Surface and letters: very worn Dimensions Ht (max.) 0.98; diam. (bottom) 0.47. Letters: (line 1) T, O and K 0.035, 0.025 and 0.04 respectively Text Atokrtors[i Kasar]s[i] Louk Septim Seurv Eseb[e] 4 Pertnaki ka M[rk] Arhlv Antvn[en] [S]ebasto[w] Arab[ikow] [A]diabhni[ko]w m[e]g[st]-



8 _[oiw - - - - ] _[ - - - - - - ] t[]n meglvn ka [ht]- [t]tvn Basilvn 12 (vac) [ - ] line 7: ligature HN line 10: ligature ME lines 10-11: for the titles, see below, 53. Demirta Caput Viae (?) Date AD 198-209 L. Septimius Severus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Augusti with P. Septimius Geta (names erased) Caesar 04(A). rktl 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur, Bucak 15-02-1 Map Isparta-Burdur 37-Iv Location Not given. Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 12.xi.1976) Copy Ramsay 1884 and 1886; Berard and Fougres April 1889. Text here from CIL (text of Ramsay) and from notes of Berard Publication Mommsen 1884b, 584 no. 1367 (text from Ramsay) Ramsay 1888, 263 n.80 (notes on text) Berard 1892, 420 (notes after autopsy) CIL 3. 6974 (text of Ramsay) CIL 3. 12217 (notes of Berard) French 1980, 727 Map 2 (site no. 2) (notice) RRMAM 2, 1. 292 (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text Imp Caesar 2 Divi [f] Augus[tus pont]- maxim cos XI d[e]s 4 XII imp XV tr [p]ot XIIX viam Seba[st]en 6 curanteCornuto Aquila leg suo 8 pro pr fecit (vac) CXXII line 5: S(?)ES(?)(or C or B)A[.]E(?)M(?) (Ramsay apud CIL 3. 6974). Ramsay had earlier commented (1888, 263 n.80) [Mommsen 1884b] no. 1367, l. 5, is very hard to read. I examined the stone again in 1886. The last word consists of seven Letters: all more-or-less doubtful, the first is probably S, the second E, the third perhaps S or C or B, the fourth A, the fifth uncertain, the sixth probably E, the seventh probably M. Berard noted (1892, 420), Notre lecture et l'estampage nous fournissent les corrections suivantes, l.5 XIXX VIAMSECARAM(?); l.6 CVRANTECORNUTO. I suggest -EN rather than -EM at the end of the line, i.e. SEBASTEN. Clearly Ramsay himself was uncertain (probably M). This possible occurrence at rktl is the sole evidence for -EM, in all other instances where the letter is well preserved the end of the word is -EN.



Caput Viae (Colonia Antiochia) Date 6 BC, 26.vi-31.xii Augustus 04(B). rktl 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 04(A) Location In an old village cemetery (now disused), on the E edge of the present village and on the N side of the road at the entrance into the village Copy DHF 12.xi.1976. Subsequently (c. 1980), in a manic search for the gold hidden (so the belief) behind the writing, some villager broke and smashed the milestone into a myriad of small fragments. Apart from some small pieces the milestone is now essentially lost. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.3 [p. 130]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 24, rktl 2 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 293 (notice only) French 1997, 184 no. 1 AE 1997. 1495 (text of French) Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. Inscription on the smooth, dressed surface of a shallowly recessed panel. Complete but slightly chipped. Hard, pale limestone. Surface and letters: very worn Dimensions Ht (overall) 1.75, diam. 0.58; (plinth) ht 0.32, wi. c. 0.62, depth c. 0.59. Letters: (line 1) I and P of IMP 0.065 and 0.053 (respectively) and CAE 0.055, (line 3) O 0.03, (line 9) C 0.093 Text ImpCaesarDivif 2 Augustuspontmaxim cosXIdesigXIIimpXV 4 tribpotestXIIXviam Sebasten[curante] 6 Cornuto[Aquila] leg suo [propr] 8 (vac) fecit (v) CXIIII Caput Viae (Colonia Antiochia) Date 6 BC, 26.vi-31.xii Augustus 05(A). Boazii 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur 15-00-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 35-Iu Location In the village; at the upper mosque Copy DHF 17.x.1975. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.4 [p. 130]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.3 [p. 142]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 07, Boazii 1 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/15.07 Publication French 1980, 727 Map 2 (site no. 3) (notice only) RRMAM 2, 1. 267 (notice only)



Christol, Drew Bear and zsait 1993, 167 (comments on the location of the text) Milner 1998, 71 no. 155.3 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. The top is flat. Complete. Pink and white limestone. Surface and letters: very worn; the letters are very faint Dimensions Ht (overall) 1.50, diam. (top) 0.57; (plinth) ht 0.28, wi. 0.68. Letters: (line 4) VIAM 0.035, (line 7) E 0.035 Text [Imp Caesar Divi f] 2 [Augustus pont maxim] [cos XI desig XII imp xv] 4 [trib potest XIIX] viam [Sebas]ten curante 6 Cornuto [Aquila leg] [suo pro pr] fecit 8 (vac) CVII line 8: CVII; possible but unlikely CXVII (ligature XV); uncertain traces XCVII Caput Viae (Colonia Antiochia) Date 6 BC, 26.vi-31.xii Augustus 05(B). Boazii 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 05(A) Location In the village; at the mosque at the upper (i.e. the N) end of the village Copy DHF 17.x.1975. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.5 [p. 131]; photo. Pl. 7.2.1 [p. 151]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.4 [p. 142]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 08, Boazii 2 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/15.08 Publication French 1978, 211 AE 1978. 788 (text of French) RRMAM 2, 1. 268 (notice only) Christol and Drew Bear 1991, 397 (comments on text) Christol and Drew Bear 1992, 341-343 (comments on text) AE 1992. 1663 (notice of Christol and Drew Bear 1992) Christol, Drew Bear and zsait 1993, 167 (comments on the location of the text) Milner 1998, 71 no. 155.2 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder on a square plinth. The top is flat. Complete. Hard, pink and white limestone. Surface and letters: worn. Letters poorly inscribed Dimensions Ht (overall) 1.84, diam. 0.39; (plinth) ht 0.51, wi. 0.40, depth 0.38. Letters: irregular letter-size, (line 1) I of IMP 0.038. C of CAES 0.025, (line 7) CO 0.020 Text (1) (underneath text [2]) obliterated (2) (on the face of the shaft) Imp Caesar M Aurelius An- tonius Aug Armeniacus (sic)



p m trib pot XIX imp II cos III 4 et Imp Caes [L] Aurelius Verus Aug ALA Armeniacus p m trib pot V imp II cos III (vac) per (vac) 8 D Fonteium Frontonem procos [ ? ] line 2: Antonius line 5: ligatures AV and ME ? Caput Viae (?) Date (1) (?) Augustus (2) AD 164/165, 10.xii-09.xii M. Aurelius Antoninus and L. Aurelius Verus Augusti Commentary The size and shape of the stone suggests that the text of M. Aurelius was cut over an earlier, Augustan text 05(C). Boazii 3 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 05(A) Location In the village; at the lower mosque Copy Bean (date?); DHF 17.x.1975. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.6 [p. 131]; photo. Pl. 7.2.2 [p. 152]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 09, Boazii 3 Publication Bean 1959, 96 no. 44 (funerary text only) RRMAM 2, 1. 269 (notice only) Milner 1998, 70 no. 153 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder on a plinth. The top is flat. Complete. Pink and white limestone. Surface and letters: slightly worn Dimensions Ht (overall) 1.84, diam. (top) 0.39; (plinth) ht 0.51, wi. 0.40. Letters: (line 5) E of IMPE 0.038, (line 7) C 0.042 Text _Imperatori C[ae]sari _Gal Valerio M[axi]- _[mino pio fe]lici 4 _invicto [A]ugusto et Imperatori Caesari Flavio Val Constantino pio 8 feliti invicto (sic) Augustoet Imperatori Caesari Licinniano Licinnio 12 pio felici invicto Augusto (?)



Caput Viae (?) Date AD 311, beg. May-313, Aug/Sept. Maximinus and Constantinus I and Licinius I Augusti, then (the name of Maximinus having been erased) AD 313, Aug/Sept-317, Feb. Constantinus I and Licinnius I Augusti 06(A). Der 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur 15-00-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 35-It Location In the village; at the mosque. Now used as the base for a wooden column Copy Smith 1884; Ramsay 1884; DHF 14.x.1975. DHF squeeze (photo., Pl. 7.2.3 [p. 153]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.5 [p. 143]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 14, Der 1 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/13.11-12 Publication Smith 1887, 230 no. 11 Ramsay 1895-97, 1, 336 no. 167 (notice) IGRR 3. 336 (text of Smith) Ramsay 1941, 237 no. 240 (text of Smith and Ramsay) RRMAM 2, 1. 275 (notice only) French 1989, 24 no. 7 Waelkens et alii 2000, 171 and photo., Fig. 227 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder. The top is flat. (?)Complete. Grey limestone. Letters: slightly worn but clear Dimensions Ht (vis.) 0.68; diam. 0.54. Letters: (line 1) T of AUT 0.035, (line 8) E of E%T 0.035 Text Atokrtor!i Ka!ar!i Ga Ar Oaler Dioklh- tian e!eb etux %e- ba!t ka Mrk Arel 5 Oal Majimian ka Flab Oaler Kvstian (sic) ka Gal[er] Kvstant (sic) pifane!ttoi! Ka!ar!i lampr %agala!!vn 10 (vac) pli! lines 6-7, the names of the Caesars have been distorted, mistakenly arranged and mis-spelt, Flab Oaler Kvstian ka Gal[er] Kvstant for Flab Oaler Kvnstant ka Gal[er] Majimian Date AD 293, 21.v-305, 01.v Diocletianus and Maximianus Augusti with Constantius I and Galerius Caesares Comment Perhaps not a milestone but a road terminus-stone (for a definition of the term, see French [1989, 18])



06(B). Der 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 06(B) Location In the village; at the mosque. Now under the floor of the annexe Copy Bean (?date); seen but not copied by DHF 14.x.1975. No squeeze. Text here of Bean BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Stone: (2) Col. Slide: DHF 141.08 Publication Bean 1959, 89 no. 34 RRMAM 2, 1. 276 (notice only) Waelkens et alii 2000, 171 (notice only) Description A round column, partly buried, . . . . ; inscription in a panel, damaged at the top (Bean) Dimensions . . . . , more than 1 m. high, 0.40 in diameter (Bean) Text [Imp Caes Gal Val] [Maximino p f] [inv Aug et] 4 [Imp Caes Fl Val] [Constantino] [p f inv Aug et] [Imp Caes Licinniano] 8 Licinnio [p f] inv Aug (vac) (?)[ - ] Caput Viae (?) Date AD 311, beg. May-313, Aug/Sept. [Maximinus and Constantinus I and] Licinius I Augustus Commentary Restored from the near-complete text, lyas 1 (below, 10[A]) 07(A). Yar 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur 15-00-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 35-I Location In graveyard (Smith). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 08.vii.1975) Copy Smith 1884; Ramsay 1884. Text here of Smith Publication Smith 1887, 259 no. 48 Ramsay 1888, 269 and n.91 (notes on the text and the stone) Ramsay 1895-97, 1, 331 no. 143 (notes on the text) RRMAM 2, 1. 297 (notice only) Dimensions Not given Dimensions . . . . , a round cippus with a square base, . . . . (Ramsay 1888) Text [Atokrtorsi] [Kasarsi] [Louk Septi]- 4 [m Seour]



[Esebe Pertna]- [ki ka Mrk] [Arhl Ant]- 8 [vnen Sebas]- [tow megstoiw] [Arabikow] [Adi]abhn[ik]- 12 ow Paryi- kow [ka P Se]- [ptim G]- [t& ufl ka] 16 [delf] tn meglvn basilvn ka Ioul& 20 Dmn mhtr k- strvn m [ - ] lines 13-16 (?) erasure; [ . . . . ka | Septim | Gt& fra|tr] (Smith) line 16: ufl] ? (Ramsay); for ufl ka delf, cp. the text of 52(B). Alanya 2 line 3 line 23: MI (in ligature) added to Smiths text by Ramsay 1888 Caput Viae (?) Date AD 198-209 L. Septimius Severus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Augusti with P. Septimius Geta (? names erased) Caesar and Iulia Domna Augusta Commentary He [Smith] does not mention that it is a milestone and omits at the end the symbol MI [in ligature] the number which followed the symbol is obliterated. . . . . (n.91) Even without the symbol, the shape of the Stone: a round cippus with a square base, is conclusive as to its being a milestone (Ramsay 1888) 07(B). Yar 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 07(A) Location (In 1975) at the NW corner of the old mosque, in the centre of the old village (ruined by the earthquakes of 1963 and 1971); later removed to the garden of the muhtarlk where it currently stands Copy DHF 08.vii.1975. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.7 [p. 132]; photo., Pl. 7.2.4 [p. 154]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.6 [p. 143]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 32, Yar 2 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/06.01 Publication French 1980, 727 Map 2 (site no. 4) (notice only) RRMAM 2, 1. 298 (notice only) Waelkens et alii 2000, 159 and photo., Fig. 215 (notice only)



Description A simple cylinder, once on a plinth. Broken below and chipped at the top (front- right side). Hard, pink and white limestone. The inscription is cut on the smoothed surface of a shallow, recessed panel. Letters: very worn Dimensions Ht (ex.) 1.02; diam. 0.55; (panel) ht 0.63, wi. 0.49. Letters: (line 7) E of LEG 0.033, (line 8) numerals 0.08 Text Imp [Caesar Divi f] 2 Augustus p[ont maxim] cos XI desig XII imp XV 4 tribpotestXIIXviam Sebasten curante 6 Cornuto Aquila legsuo pro pr fecit 8 XXCIIX lines 3-4: horizontal bar over the numerals Caput Viae (Colonia Antiochia) Date 6 BC, 26.vi-31.xii Augustus 07(C). Yar 3 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 07(A) Location In the old village; in the street, outside the old mosque Copy DHF 16.x.1975. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.8 [p. 132]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.7 [p. 142]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 28, Yar 3 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/15.01-03 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 304.25-26 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 299 (lines 5-8) French 1989, 25 no. 8 French 1991a, 51-52 (text only) Waelkens et alii 2000, 159 (notice only) Biagi 2006, 357-358 (text of French; and discussion) AE 2006. 1535 (notice of Biagi) SEG 56. 1700 (notice of Biagi) Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. Complete but chipped at the top and at the base. The top is flat; hole in the surface. The plinth is roughly square. Pale limestone. Letters: worn above, very worn below. Dimensions Ht 1.32; diam. (top) 0.44. Letters: (line 1) T of TOR 0.03, (line 3) T 0.033, (line 5) T of POT 0.028, (line 6) O 0.025 Text (1) (underneath lines 2-4 of text [2]) erased (2) (on the face of the shaft) Atokrtori Ka!ari 2 M Ar Klaudv e-



!ebe etux Se- 4 bast lamprotth %aga[l]a!- 6 !vn pli! prth t[!] Pi- !ida! flh ka !mm[a]xo! 8 Rvmavn lines 1-4: an earlier inscription of an unknown Emperor was erased to make way for the text of Claudius Gothicus; lines 1 and 5-9 were left intact. Date (1) (?) (2) AD 268, Sept/Oct.-270, Sept. M. Aurelius Claudius Augustus Commentary Perhaps not a milestone but a road terminus-stone (for a definition of the term, see French [1989, 18]) 07(D). Yar 4 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 07(A) Location In the old village; half-buried at the corner of the old village-school, opposite the old mosque. Now (22.viii.1989) dug out. Copy DHF 16.x.1975 and 22.viii.1989. DHF photo. (Pl. 7.1.8 [p. 143]) in BIAA BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/14.11-12 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 141.13-15 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 300 (notice) Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. Complete. Pale limestone. The plinth is a roughly square. The inscription had been cut in a sunken panel but, at some point, was hacked out and destroyed, cp. the reasons for the destruction of rktl 2, above, 04(B) Dimensions Ht (vis.) 0.72; diam. 0.58; (plinth) ht 0.32, wi. 0.71, depth 0.53 Text A few, damaged letters are visible Date On the basis of form and size, probably an Augustan milestone from the Via Sebaste 07(E). Yar 5 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 07(A) Location At the entrance to the old village; near the old cemetery Copy DHF 16.x.1975. DHF photo. in BIAA BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/15.04 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 301 (notice) Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. Complete. Grey limestone. Dimensions Ht (vis.) 0.92; diam. 0.47; (plinth) ht 0.50, wi. 0.53, depth 0.50 Text No visible inscription Date (?) 07(F). Yar 6



Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 07(A) Location At the entrance to the old village; in the old cemetery Copy DHF 16.x.1975 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 302 (notice) Description A simple cylinder. Broken (?). Grey limestone. The plinth is a roughly shaped square Dimensions Ht (vis.) 0.63; diam. (top) 0.53 Text No visible inscription Date (?) 08. Yaz Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur 15-00-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 35-I Location At the old mosque (now ruined by the earthquake of 1973), beside the road to Yarky Copy Ramsay 1886; DHF 18.ix.1988 and 16.viii.1989; zsait (date ?). DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.9 [p. 133]; photo. Pl. 7.2.5 [p. 155]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.9 [p. 144]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze. The text of Ramsay was given without line-divisions. BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 33, Yaz Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/89/17.01-04 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 304.23-24 Publication Ramsay 1895-97, 1, 336 no. 166 French 1989, 25 no.9 Christol, Drew Bear and zsait 1993, 164 and Figs 4-6 SEG 43. 957 (notice of text and comments in Christol, Drew Bear and zsait 1993) Bull. 1994. 588 (notice of text and comments in Christol, Drew Bear and zsait 1993) Waelkens et alii 2000, 159 and Fig. 216 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder. Broken below. Pink and white limestone. The top is flat. Letters: worn Dimensions Ht 1.70; diam. (top) 0.51. Letters: (line 3) E of MENI 0.041 Text (1) (underneath text [2]) A few letters are visible (2) (on the face of the shaft) Atokrtori Ka!ari 2 M Arhlv Antvne- n %eba!t Armeni- 4 ak:ka:Ato- krtori:Ka!ari 6 Louk A/r/hl Or %eba!t 8 Armeniak %a- gala!!vn pli!



line 6: AULHLIV Date (1) (?) (2) AD 163, Spring-169, Jan./Feb. M. Aurelius Antoninus and L. Aurelius Verus Augusti Commentary Perhaps not a milestone but a road terminus-stone (for a definition of the term, see French [1989, 18]) 09(A). Karakent 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur 15-00-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 35-I Location In the village; lying in the street outside the house (no. 27) of Mehmet Sezer Copy Bean (? date); DHF 16.x.1975. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.10 [p. 133]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.10 [p. 144]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 19, Karakent 1 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/15.05 Publication Bean 1959, 80 no. 24 Bull 1961. 729 (notice of Bean 1959) SEG 19. 759 (text [2] only; from Bean) RRMAM 2, 1. 284 (notice only) Grnewald 1990, 255 no. 476 (text [3] of Bean) Description A simple cylinder. Complete. Pale limestone. The top is flat. Letters: worn Dimensions Ht 1.70; diam. (top) 0.25, (bottom) 0.30. Letters: (text [1], line 2) E 0.026, (text [2] line 4) % 0.035 Text (1) (underneath text [2])) a few letters (2) (partially underneath text [3]) [to! At]ok K!ar[a!] [Gon] Oalrion Dioklhtiann 4 [k] Oalrion M[aj]- [imiann - - - - ]TON [ - - - - ] [k to! p]ifane![ttou!] 8 [K!ara!] Oalri (vac) on [Kvn]!tntion [k Oalrion] [Maji]miann Note: in this text Bean (1959, 80) read (as Latin) only O.TANTIO (line 9) (3) (on top, below and left of lines 8-11 of text [2]) _[Imp Caes Gal Val] 2 _[Maximino]



_[p f inv Aug et] 4 Imp Caes Fla Constantino 6 p f inv Aug et Imp C Licinniano 8 Licinio p f inv Aug 10 m g line 10: ligature MI Caput Viae (Lysinia) Date (1) (?) (2) AD 293, 21.v(?)-305, 01.v Diocletianus and Maximianus Augusti with Constantius I and Galerius Caesares (3) AD 311, beg. May-313, Aug/Sept. Maximinus and Constantinus I and Licinius I Augusti, then (the name of Maximinus having been erased) AD 313, Aug/Sept-317, Feb. Constantinus Iand Licinnius I Augusti 09(B). Karakent 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 09(A) Location In the village; beside the mosque Copy DHF 16.x.1975. DHF photo. (Pl. 7.1.11 [p. 144]) in BIAA BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 20, Karakent 2 Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF R/75/15.06 Publication RRMAM 2, 1. 285 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. Complete but worn at top. Pale limestone. The top is roughly flat. The plinth is approximately square. The shaft was rough but the inscribed area smoothed. Letters: very faint traces Dimensions Ht 1.75; diam. (top) 0.53; (plinth) ht 0.34, wi. 0.62, depth 0.64 Text Inscription not legible Date On the basis of form and size, probably an Augustan milestone from the Via Sebaste 10(A). lyas 1 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Burdur 15-00-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 35-Is Location Formerly in the cemetery (Sterrett). Now in front of the village lkokul (the primary school) Copy Sterrett 28.ix.1885; DHF 16.x.1975. DHF squeeze (photo., Pl. 7.2.6 [p. 156]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 15. Burdur 18, lyas 1 Publication Mommsen 1884b, 594 no. 1404 (text from Sterrett)



Sterrett 1884-85, 419 no. 617 CIL 3. 7174 (text of Sterrett) RRMAM 2, 1. 280 (notice only) Description A simple cylinder. Complete. Pale limestone. The top is flat. Letters: slightly worn. Note the lunate E Dimensions Ht (vis.) 1.15; diam. (top) 0.44. Letters: (line 5) C 0.06, A 0.077, S 0.09 Text (1) (underneath text [2]) Obliterated except line 10 (text 2), LVN above LICIN (2) (on the face of the shaft) ImpCaes GalVal Maximeino (sic) 4 pfinvAuget ImpCaes Fl Val Constantino pfinvAuget 8 Imp Caes Licinniano Licin[nio] [pfinvAug] 12 [ - ] Caput Viae (?) Date (1) (?) (2) AD 311, beg. May-313, Aug/Sept. Maximinus and Constantinus I and Licinius I Augusti 10(B). lyas 2 Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 10(A) Location Lying in a dry river-bed which marks the boundary between Isparta and Burdur provinces, on the W side of the gully, c. 3 km W of Ardl (formerly Hamballar), a village in the province of Isparta; c. 100 m N of the bridge over the river-bed, on the ose to lyas (c. 5.25 km westwards). Probably to be assigned to the province of Isparta. Now (Robert Wagner pers. comm. 07.ii.2005) erected in front of a house in the Yeni Mahalle of Senir Copy DHF 03.xi.1991. DHF photo. (Pl. 7.1.12 [p. 144]) in BIAA BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/91/23.07 Descripion A simple cylinder, on a plinth. The top of the shaft is broken at the back but otherwise the milestone is complete. Hard, grey (?)andesite. Shaft straight, plinth rectangular. The top is flat but slightly chipped. Letters: worn Dimensions Ht 2.02; diam. (shaft) 0.53; (plinth) ht 0.47, wi. 0.59, depth 0.77. Letters: (text 2) (lines 1-4) c. 0.085, (line 5) P of IMP 0.085; (text 3) (line 3) I of XIM 0.048, (line 8) E of ET 0.034, (line 9) C of CON 0.045 Text (1) (at the top of the shaft; in a shallow, recessed panel, the outline of which can be seen on the l. and r. of text [2] lines 1-4 and of text [3] line 1; the lower



edge of the panel is lost underneath lines 1-7 of text 2 and line 1 of text 3) Only traces of the text survive (2) (line 1 begins at the very top of the shaft; lines 9-12 are lost underneath the first lines of text [3]) _Imp Caes _Gal Val _Maxi[mino] _p f inv Au[g et] 5 Imp CaesFl Val Constantino pfinvAuget _[Imp Caes] _[Licinniano] 10 _[Licinnio] _[pfinvAug] [ - ] below line 7: traces of an erased area (3) (begins immediately below line 7 of text [2]) dd n[n] Fl Cl Constantino [ma]ximo Aug 4 (vac) et Fl Cl Constantino Aug (vac) et Fl Cl Constio Aug 8 (vac) et Fl Cl Consta Aug nobb [ - - ] [ - ] (4) (text [3] revised) Constantinus, Constantius and Constans as Augusti Caput Viae (?) Date (1) (?) 6 BC Augustus; on the basis of form and size, probably an Augustan milestone from the Via Sebaste (2) AD 311, beg. May-313, Aug/Sept. Maximinus and Constantinus I and Licinius I Augusti, then (the names and titles of Maximinus having been erased) AD 313, Aug/Sept-317, 28.ii Constantinus I and Licinnius I Augusti, finally AD 317, 19.ix (the names and titles of Licinius having been erased) Constantinus I Augustus (3) AD 333, 25.xii-335, 18.ix Constantinus I Augustus with Constantinus II, Constantius II and Constans Caesares (4) AD 337, 09.ix-340, beg. April (text [3] revised) Constantinus and Constantius and Constans Augusti 11(A). Ardl 1, form. Hamballar



Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Isparta, Keiborlu 32-04-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 36-Ir Location In a cemetery by the roadside, one and a half hours to the eastward of Ilias (Sterrett). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 18.vii.1990) Copy Sterrett 28.09.1885. Text here from CIL (Sterrett) Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 415 no. 610 (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.1 [p. 125]) CIL 3. 7176 (text of Sterrett) RRMAM 2, 1. 281 (= lyas 2) (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text _[ImpCaesGalVal] _[Maximino] _[pfinvAuget] 4 _[ImpCaesFlVal] [Constantin]o pfinvAug et [Im]p Cae[s] 8 [Lici]n[niano] [Licin]nio [pfinvAug] (vac) m a line 11: ligature MI Caput Viae (? Baris) Date AD 311, beg. May-313, Aug/Sept. Maximinus and Constantinus I and Licinius I Augusti, then (the names and titles of Maximinus having been erased) AD 313, Aug/Sept-317, 28.ii Constantinus I and Licinnius I Augusti Commentary The text has been restored after 10(A). lyas 1, above. The name of the caput viae is not given. Perhaps it can be suggested that the stone marks the first mile from the boundary between Lysinia and Baris or, tentatively but temptingly, the first mile eastwards from Baris, if this city can indeed be located at Ardl Tepe, cp. the commentary below, no. 12 Tepecik. 11(B),(C). Ardl 2-3, form. Hamballar Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code and Map As 11(A) Location . . . . in this cemetery (sc. 1 1/2 hours to E of Ilyas) (Sterrett). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 18.vii.1990) Copy Sterrett 28.09.1885 Publication Sterrett 1884-85, 415 n.1 RRMAM 2, 1. 282, 283 (lyas 3, 4) (notice only) Description & Dimensions Not given Text No visible inscription Date (?) 12. Tepecik, form. Hamidiye



Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Isparta, Keiborlu 32-04-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 37-Ir Location In Senir; set up beside the municipal park, on the edge of the lake. Brought c. 1988 from the field, owned by the Senir Belediye reisi, Fevzi Avar, c. 700 m E (?NE) of Tepecik and c. 250 m N of the modern road; as found, (? perhaps) in the vicinity of its original position (on the Via Sebaste). Copy DHF 18.vii.1990. DHF squeeze (photos, Pl. 7.2.7 [p. 157]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.13 [p. 145]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections, Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 32. Isparta 52, Tepecik Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/90/16.06 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 319.11-12 Publication French 1991a, 55 no. 5 and Pl. 8b French 1991c, 154 (notice only) AE 1991. 1528 (text from French 1991b) Christol and Drew Bear 1992, 343 (comments on text) AE 1992. 1664 (comments; notice of Drew Bear and Christol 1992) Christol, Drew Bear and zsait 1993, 168-169 (comment on the location of the milestone) Description A simple cylinder. The top is broken but the stone is otherwise complete. Hard, pale limestone. The base is not visible. Letters: slightly worn Dimensions Ht (vis.) 1.26; diam. (top) c. 040. Letters: (line 1) I of IMP 0.022, (line 5) C of CVS 0.028 Text (1) (underneath text [2]) lost (2) (on the face of the shaft) Imperator Caesar L Septimius Severus [Pius] Pertinax [Aug] 4 Arabicus Adiab[eni]- cus Parthicus max pontife[x] [ma]x trib potest [VI] 8 imp XII cos II procos (vac) {v}p p et Imp Caesar M Aurelius Anto- ninus [Augustus et] 12 _[P Septimius Septimius Geta] Caesrestituerunt per Ca[i]um Sulpici- um Iustum Dr[y]- 16 antianum procs (vac) VIII h Caput Viae (? Baris)



Date (1) (?) (2) (?) AD 197/198, 10.xii-09.xii [Severus TRP VI] L. Septimius Severus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Augusti with P. Septimius Geta (names erased) Caesar Commentary The name of the caput viae was not given. From what caput viae was the distance-figure established? Was the milestone near to its original position on the Via Sebaste? Before the stone was removed to Senir, the find-spot lay it was stated by the reis on or near to the Roman road which passes through the valley on the W side of the high ridge named (on the 200,000 map) Senirtepeleri, W of Senir. The distance from Keiborlu c. 16 km (= 10.5+ MP) to the stated location of the milestone does not equate (even approximately) with the numeral VIII. Where, then, was the caput viae of the Tepecik milestone? There are four possibilities: (1) Keiborlu if the milestone was removed from the vicinity of its original position to the location whence it was taken by belediye reisi to Tepecik, then it is possible to suggest that the caput viae of the milestone might be located at Keiborlu. At Keiborlu, no ancient remains have been reported. A statue, however, dedicated to Severus Alexander (Waldmann 1981, 101 no. 10 = Bull. 1982. 289) indicates the location of an urban site in the neighbourhood. (2) The border between the provinces of Asia and Galatia located in the narrow valley (the Pisidian Gates) N of Keiborlu and hence even further from the stated location (of the Tepecik milestone) than Keiborlu itself. (3) lyas, Ardl Tepe the ruins (c. 8 km E of lyas and c. 5 km W of Tepecik) identified by Sterrett (1884-85, 418-419 and inscriptions nos 615-616) and described by Bean (1959, 81) are c. 8-9 km (= c. VI MP) W of the stated location of the Tepecik milestone. Numerous inscriptions have been recorded in the neighbourhood of Ardl Tepe and lyas both by Sterrett (1884-85, 415-424 nos 612-621) and by Bean (1959, 81 no. 25); one (no. 612) is a decree of . (4) Fa(h)ri ehri a hyk in the plain, c. 2 km E of Kl village (TIB Siedlungshgel 2,5 km SW von Kl) [indicated on the 200,000 map: Isparta-Burdur 37-Ir] at some distance from the Roman road. At this site, however, the principal ceramic materials are prehistoric but the TIB team identified late pottery and (?)structures on, and N of, the mound. On accepted opinion, the location for Baris has been sought at Fa(h)ri ehri, see TIB 7 Phrygien, 206, cited by Stephen Mitchell (Barrington Atlas II, 998); further bibliography: Robert (1960, 353 and n.4, and earlier references, 596; also 1962, 283 n.2) and von Aulock (1979, 23-28). It is tempting, however, to locate Baris at Ardl Tepe, cp. the distance-figure, MP I, on the milestone at lyas, no. 11(A). At the ruins of the ancient town Sterrett (1884-85, 415 no. 612) recorded a decree of and another (ibid. no. 615) which mentions a , a temple. 13. Keiborlu Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Isparta, Keiborlu 32-04-0 Map Isparta-Burdur 37-Ip Location In coemeterio (CIL). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 13.xi.1976) Copy Sarre 1895. Text here from CIL Publication CIL 3. 14201 (copy of Sarre) Christol and Drew Bear 1987, 37 n.87 (comment on line 9, IMPERXII) RRMAM 2, 1. 402 (notice only) Christol and Drew Bear 1992, 344 (Sarres text in CIL; comments) AE 1992. 1665 (text from CIL; notice of Drew Bear and Christol 1992)



Description Columna (CIL) Dimensions alta m. 0.96, diam. 0.52 (CIL) Text Imperator Caes Lucius Septimius (vac) Severus Pius 4 Pertinax August Arabicus Adiabeni- cus Parthic[us] max pontifex maximus 8 tribuniciae potest[a]- [t]isVI imperXII cos II (vac) procos (vac) et Imperator Caesa[r] 12 M Aurelius Anton- [inus Aug et] _[P Sept]- _[imius Septimius Geta] _[Caesar] [restituerunt] 16 [per - - - - ] - - - - line 9: ligature CO; IMPER XII (CIL), cf. IMP XII, above, 12. Tepecik line 10: ligature CO in COS line 12: ligature NT lines 13-16: restored after the Severan text at 12. Tepecik Caput Viae [?] Date (1) (?) (2) AD 197/198, 10.xii-09.xii [Severus TRP VI] L. Septimius Severus and M. Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla) Augusti with P. Septimius Geta (names erased) Caesar



C.1 PERGE (- Cibyra - Laodicia) 14. Nebiler Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Antalya 07-00-0 Map Elmal 40-IIb Location Lying on the N side of the main road to Korkuteli; on the edge of the forest and opposite the W end of the Nebiler cemetery; c. 1 km W of the junction on the Antalya-Burdur highway and c. 1.5 km E of Nebiler school Copy DHF 25.viii.1989. DHF photos in BIAA BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Stone Photographs Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/89/08.06 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 301.36-37 Description A simple cylinder, on a plinth. Columnar shaft, broken below; most of the plinth is lost. The top is flat. Hard, pale limestone. Surface and letters: very worn Dimensions Ht (ex.) 1.04; diam. (top) 0.38 Text Some undecipherable letters Caput Viae (? Termessus) Date (?) 15. Yukar Karaman Province, Sub-Province + Admin. Code Antalya 07-00-0 Map Elmal 40-IIb Location Gefunden in einem Flubett etwa 500 m sw. der Farm Bagana (nahe der heutigen Strae Antalya-Korkuteli) im Gebiet von Yukarkaraman, jetzt aufgestelltim im Garten der Farm. (plikciolu) Copy plikciolu 2000, copy, photo. and squeeze. Text here from plikciolu et al. 2007 Publication plikciolu 2001, 127 (citation of text) plikciolu, elgin, G. and A. V. 2007, 228 no. 156 and Fig. 174 ahin and Adak 2007, 215 n.551 and 231 n.609 (citation) Description Fragment eines Zylinders aus Kalkstein, oben gebrochen, hinten roh belassen, unterhalb des Inschriftfeldes ein rechteckiges Loch (plikciolu) Dimensions H: noch 0.85 m; DM: 0.51; BH: 0.035-0.049 (plikciolu) Text - - - - 2 [ - - - - ] . . Ter- mhsvn 4 (vac) p (vac) m h line 4: p(liw) line 5: m(lia) Caput Viae Termessus Date (?) 16. Yazr, Hyk Mahallesi



Province, Sub-province + Admin. Code Antalya, Korkuteli 07-08-0 Map Elmal 38-IIa Location Now in the village of Bayatbademlisi, Korucuk Mahallesi; used as a roof-roller (yuvak or lo ta) at the house of Hseyin zcan. Brought here c. 1959 from Yazr, Hyk Mahallesi Copy Nikolas Michael Ferteklis of Antalya, Autumn 1910; Ormerod and Robinson, March 1911; DHF 25.viii.1989. DHF squeeze (drawing, Fig. 6.2.11 [p. 134]) and photo. (Pl. 7.1.14 [p. 145]) in BIAA. Text here from DHF squeeze BIAA Collections: Squeeze and Stone Photographs Squeeze: 07. Antalya 01, Hyk Stone: (1) B/W Neg.: DHF M/89/20.04 (2) Col. Slide: DHF 306.14-17 Publication Woodward 1910/11, 207 no. 4 A and B (text [A] from a copy of Ferteklis and of Ormerod and Robinson and text (B) from a copy and squeeze of Ormerod and Robinson 1911) (facsimile, Fig. 6.1.2 [p. 125]) Ormerod and Robinson 1910/11, 244 (notice and corrigenda of Woodward text) TAM 3, 1. 942-944 (text from Woodward) Heberdey 1929, 11 (note on location) RRMAM 2, 1. 191 (notice only) Grnewald 1990, 255 no. 478 (text [3] of TAM 3, 1. 944) Description A simple cylinder, cut from a fluted column. Cut below, otherwise complete. Hard, pale limestone. The top is flat. Letters: worn Dimensions Ht 0.78; diam. (top) 0.31. letters: (text 1) (line 8) O and B of NOB 0.02 and 0.034 (respectively), (line 10) P 0.04; (text 2) (line 3) O 0.023, (line 8) % 0.04; (text 3) (line 12) E 0.022 Text (1) (on the face of the shaft) Impp Caess C[ai]o Aurelio Galerio Diocletiano et Marco Aur Valerio 4 Maximian[o] pp ff invictis Augg et Fla- vio Valerio Constantio et Galerio Valerio 8 Maximiano nobilis- simis Caess (vac) lampr Termesvn (vac) (sic) 12 [pliw] lines 10-11: in a different hand (2) (on the l. of text [1] and underneath and on r. of text [3]) [To! pifan]e!ttoi! 2 [kuroi! Fl]a Oal [Kvn!tantn] ka Oal 4 (vac) [Lik Likin] (vac) [ka Kre!p ka Likin]



6 [ka Kvn!t]an[t]nv [piff Ka!ar!]in 8 [ lampr] Termh!- [!vn pli!] (3) (on the l. of text [1] and on the top of text [2]) [DD]DD nn[nn] Fl Constantino [m]a[xi]mo Aug 4 (vac) et Fl Constantino (vac) et Fl Constantio 8 (vac) et [Fl] Constan (vac) et F[l] _[Dalmatio] 12 [nobbbb] Caessss Caput Viae Termessus Date (1) AD 293, 21.v(?)-305, 01.v Diocletianus and Maximianus Augusti with Constantius I and Galerius Caesares (2) AD 317, 01.iii-324, 19.ix Crispus, Licinius II and Constantinus II Caesares (3) AD 335, 18.ix-337, 22.v Constantinus I Augustus with Constantinus II, Constantius II, Constans and Dalmatius (name erased) Caesares Commentary The stele also contains, apparently, a Latin inscription cut as a palimpsest on an almost undecipherable Greek one. Traces of twelve lines remain, but few complete words are legible. Of the Greek text, [Toiw epifane]statoiw in l. 2, Oual[eriv] in l. 3, and again in l. 4, and TERMH%[%EVN] in l. 11, are alone certain; of the Latin, D[D]NN in l. 1, CONSTANTI[NO?] in l. 2, and again in l. 8, and CAESSSS in l. 12. Perhaps originally a Greek version of A., supplanted by a Latin inscription late in the reign of Constantine, on the occasion of repairing the road from Termessos to Isinda. Many mile-stones from Phrygia have been similarly treated (Woodward 1910/11, 208). 17(A). Teke Kozaa 1 Province, Sub-province + Admin. Code Antalya, Korkuteli 07-08-2 Map Elmal 32-IIb Location Sur une petite terrasse environ 20 m. au-dessus du torrent, non loin de lendroit o sont les nos. 4, 5 et 7, mais sur lautre rive (Naour 1978); Sur une petite terrasse lgrement en contrebas de la falaise rocheuse coupe par la cascade (prs du point no. 10 sur la carte de la page 14) (Naour 1980). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 26.viii.1989) Copy Naour, July 1976. Text here of Naour 1978 and Naour 1980 Publication Naour 1978, 181 no. 8 and Pl. 7 AE 1978. 809 (text of Naour 1978) SEG 28. 1228 (text of Naour 1978) Bull 1979. 509 (comment) Naour 1980, 41 no. 10 and Pl. 14



RRMAM 2, 1. 288 (notice only) ahin and Adak 2007, 113 (citation) Description Trois fragments dun milliaire en calcaire local blanc, briss de toutes parts, mais presque jointifs en ce concerne la face inscrite (Naour 1980) Dimensions Le fragment 1, haut de 0.20m. et prservant la circonference sur 0.30m., conserve une partie de la moulure suprieure et la fin des premires lignes; le fragment 2 (haut.: 0.32, larg.: 0.60) conserve le debut des lignes 4-7 du texte; le fragment 3 (haut.: 0.17, larg.: 0.26) vient se placer entre les deux prcdents et il prserve la partie mdiane des lignes 2-4; lettres de 2.5 4 cm. (Naour) Text [Tow tw ofik]oumnhw [desp]taw Fl Oal [Kvnsta]ntenon Seb 4 [k]a Fl Kl Kvnstanteno[n] ka Fl Io[l] Kvnst[ntion] ka Fl I[ol Knstanta] ndr[eiottouw ka pi]- 8 [fanesttouw Kasaraw] [ - ] lines 7-8: ndr[eiottouw ka pi|fanesttouw Kasaraw], the Greek version of fortissimos ac nobilissimos Caesares, cp. (1) nobb et fortiss [Caess] (AD 333-335; CIL 3.7172, RRMAM 2, 1. 033 with references; from apak Hyk; Afyon Museum E2011-355) and (2) fortis ac nob Caess (AD 335-337; Drew Bear and Eck 1976, 302 no. 10; RRMAM 2, 1. 046; from ay; Afyon Museum E2012-2226 [quoted by Naour]) Caput Viae (?) Date AD 333, 25.xii-335, 18.ix Constantinus I Augustus with Constantinus II, Constantius II and Constans Caesares 17(B). Teke Kozaa 2 Province, Sub-province + Admin. Code and Map As 17(A) Location Sur la rive sud du torrent qui traverse le village de Teke Kozaa, entre la cascade et la mosque du village (Naour 1978, 177); Sur la rive sud du torrent qui traverse le village de Teke Kozaa, mi-chemin entre la cascade et la mosque du village (Naour 1980, 43). Present whereabouts not established (DHF visit 26.viii.1989) Copy Naour, July 1976. The stone has not been examined by DHF. Text here of Naour 1978 and Naour 1980 Publication Naour 1978, 177-178 nos 4-5 and Pl. 5 no. 4/5 AE 1978. 807 (text of Naour 1978) SEG 28. 1229, 1230 (text of Naour 1978) Bull 1979. 509 (comment) Naour 1980, 43 no. 12 and Pl. 14 RRMAM 2, 1. 289 (notice only) Conti 2004, 92 no. 48 (text [2] and comment) ahin and Adak 2007, 113 (citation) Description Partie infrieure dune base cylindrique en calcaire blanc local, dcore en bas



dune moulure qui a, dans l'tat actuel, la forme dun bandeau plat grossirement dress (Naour 1978, 177); partie infrieure dune base cylindrique en calcaire blanc local, dcore en bas dune moulure qui a t erase lors du remploi comme milliaire (Naour 1980, 43) Dimensions Haut.: 0.70, diam.: 0.35, lettres de 2 4cm. Text (1) (below and upside down to text [2]) - - - - [ - pifane!t]- toi! Ka!ar!in (2) (on the face of the shaft) Fl Kl Iouliann 2 tn tthton Ag Fl %vzmeno! 4 lampr gem Bal 6 m iz line 2: Ag(ou!ton) line 4: lampr(tato!) gem(n) line 5: Bal(bourvn pli!) Caput Viae Balbura Date (1) (?) (2) AD 361, 03.xi-363, 26/27.vi Iulianus Augustus 17(C). Teke Kozaa 3 Province, Sub-province + Admin. Code and Map As 17(A) Location Dans la mur de l'ancien cimetire de Teke Kozaa (Naour 1978, 179).