NAME: ____________________ Date: ________________

STRAND E UNIT TESTANIMALS: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

March 1, 2015

Knowledge and Understanding

/16

Thinking and Inquiry

/19

Communication

/13

Application

/21

Specific Expectations:

E1.1 evaluate the importance of various technologies, including Canadian contributions, to our understanding of internal body systems.

E2.1 use appropriate terminology related to animal anatomy, including, but not limited to: systolic, diastolic, diffusion gradient, inhalation, exhalation, coronary, cardiac, ulcer, asthma, and constipation.

E2.2 perform a laboratory or computer-simulated dissection of a representative animal, or use a mounted anatomical model, to analyse the relationships between the respiratory, circulatory, and digestive systems.

E2.3 use medical equipment (e.g., a stethoscope, a sphygmomanometer) to monitor the functional responses of the respiratory and circulatory systems to external stimuli.

E3.1 explain the anatomy of the respiratory system and the process of ventilation and gas exchange from the environment to the cell.

E3.2 explain the anatomy of the digestive system and the importance of digestion in providing nutrients needed for energy and growth.

E3.3 explain the anatomy of the circulatory system (e.g., blood components, blood vessels, the heart) and its function in transporting substances that are vital to health.

E3.4 describe some disorders related to the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioMultiple Choice:

Circle the best answer of the options given.

1. Which of the following protects the stomach from hydrochloric acid?(K/U: 2 marks)

a. Bile.b. Pepsin.c. Mucin.d. Bicarbonate ions

2. The process of internal respiration involves the:(K/U: 2 marks)

a. Breakdown of glucose to produce ATPb. Absorption of oxygen into the bloodc. Contraction of the intercostal and diaphragm d. Exchange of gas between the blood and body cells

3. Your class decides to conduct a study that investigates the differences between height and resting heart rate. Which of the following graphs and analysis would be the best way to display the data? (C: 2 marks)

a. A bar graph, multivariate analysis.b. A scatterplot graph, multivariate analysis.c. A bar graph, correlation analysis.d. A scatterplot graph, correlation analysis.

4. During a dissection why might you want to identify the diaphragm before you open the thoracic cavity? (T/I: 2 marks)

a. The diaphragm is often damaged or destroyed during the process of opening the thoracic cavity.

b. The diaphragm has an intricate network of capillaries that must be observed first.

c. The diaphragm is not considered part of the thoracic cavity.d. The diaphragm is a muscle that will contract when the thoracic cavity is

opened, making it harder to find.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio5. The spirogram below represents a person with a healthy respiratory system: (A: 3 marks)

If this person began to smoke cigarettes heavily for 2 years which of the following spirograms demonstrates how their breathing patterns might change?

a) b)

c) d)

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioFill in the Blank:

6. In the ECG to the right the region labeled R corresponds to the contraction of the _______________. (A: 1 mark)

7. The pulmonary arteries carry ______________ blood from the ____________ to the

_______________. (K/U: 3 marks)

8. ______________ protects the stomach from hydrochloric acid. (K/U: 1 mark)

9. The gall bladder and pancreas both secrete substances into the _______________. (K/U: 1 mark)

10. Scatterplots and __________________ analysis are the best ways to compare resting heart rate and height. (K/U: 1 mark)

11. List the structures of the heart in the order that blood flows through them.(K/U: 4 marks)

Word bank: Bicuspid Valve, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Mitral Valve, Pulmonary Artery, Pulmonary Vein, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle,

VenaCava ,Chamber , Valve , Chamber , Semilunar Valve,

Blood Vessels , Capilaries,Blood Vessels ,Chamber ,

Valve ,Chamber , Semilunar Valve, Aorta

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

Matching (Questions 12-18):

Doctors must be able to diagnose diseases based on their symptoms. Diagnose the following patients by matching their profiles with the correct disease. Write the matching letter in the space provided (A: 7 marks):

Patient Profile

___ The patient is complaining that rapid contractions of the lower part of the stomach are causing chime to empty back into the esophagus.

___ A 35-year-old male is mildly dehydrated. It is noted that his large intestine is not absorbing water as efficiently as it should.

___ A 43-year old female is admitted to triage, complaining of abdominal pains. A CAT scan reveals large crystal formations in the bile duct.

___ A 28-year-old pregnant female is complaining about irritation of the esophagus. With an endoscopic examination the doctor is able to observe stomach acid entering the esophagus.

___ 4-year-old male is brought to the hospital in a state of dizziness and incoherency. Blood analysis indicates that his blood glucose levels are low and his insulin levels are virtually non-existent.

___ A 50-year-old female is admitted with severe stomach pains. She admits to having a very stressful job and family life and has difficulty balancing her two worlds. An endoscopy demonstrates to the physician that a small hole in the protective mucus of her stomach is resulting in acid digesting the stomach lining.

___ A 43-year-old male is complaining of extreme fatigue and itchy skin. The physician performs a physical examination and determines the patient is jaundiced (yellowish complexion) and finds several large bruises that the patient insists were from minor injuries. Upon taking a medical history the patient admits to being an

alcoholic for the better part of 20 years.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioDisease

A. Diabetes

B. Ulcer

C. Vomiting

D. Cirrhosis

E. Diarrhea

F. Gall Stones

G. Gastro-Esophageal

Reflux Disease.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioTrue/False:

Read each question carefully. For each question, answer T for True, or F for False

19. ____ The central nervous system are the nerves of the brain and spinal cord.(K/U: 1 mark)

20. ____ The circulatory system does not link the respiratory and digestive systems together. (K/U: 1 mark)

Use the diagram and description below to answer questions 21 and 22

A student wished to study the effects of pH on the digestive action of protease. Test tubes containing 10 mL of protein solution, and 1 mL of protease solutions were mixed. 10 mL of a pH 1 solution was added to test tube 1. The resulting amino acid product was measured. This procedure was repeated for solution with a pH of 3, 6, 7, 9 and 11. The results are as shown in the graph below.

21. ____ The optimal pH for this protease enzyme is 6 (use the graph and description below). (C: 1 mark)

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140

5

10

15

20

25

Amino acid Production as a Result of Protease Action at Different pH Levels

pH of solution

Amou

nt o

f Pro

duct

Pre

sent

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio22. ____ Referring back to the diagram in question (21), as the pH goes higher than the optimal pH, the amount of amino acid product decreases. (C: 1 mark)

Use the diagram and description below to answer question 23

The blood components of several patients are compared in the diagram below.

One patient has leukemia, a type of cancer that causes rapid and uncontrolled cell production.

Another patient has adapted to living at high altitudes where oxygen levels are lower and therefore must be more efficient at transporting available oxygen.

23. ____ Sample B belongs to patient with leukemia. (A: 1 mark)

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioShort Answer:Please answer in the space provided below each question. The space provided is suitable to answer the question completely. Answer in full sentences unless otherwise instructed.

24. a. From a biological perspective what does the expression “It went down the wrong pipe” mean? (C: 4 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. Why might this be a fairly rare event? (T/I: 2 marks)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. Why might we need to breathe? Your answer should discuss the three types of respiration (internal, external and cellular respiration). (T/I: 4 marks)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio26. Describe the affects that excessive antacid use (e.g. Tums) might have on the digestive system. You may write in point form if you choose. (A: 5 marks)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

27. An Olympic-level endurance runner decides to spend a summer training in the highlands of Kenya, where the air is much thinner. Describe how her circulatory system will adapt to the lower concentrations of oxygen in the air. You may write in point form if you choose. (A: 5 marks)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio28. A fractal pattern (like the one to the right) is a pattern that keeps repeating as the magnification increase (“zoom in”).

Identify two fractal patterns that occur in the digestive system, the circulatory system or the respiratory system. Identify the structures involved, how they might resemble a fractal pattern and how this design might be an advantage. (T/I: 6 marks)

Fractal 1:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Fractal 2:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio29. Construct a diagram that illustrates the relationships between the respiratory system, digestive system, circulatory system and the body. Your answer should involve placing arrows that indicate how one system affects another as well as labeling what the relationships are. (T/I: 5 marks C: 5 marks)

Hint: There may not be a direct, two-way relationships between all systems. There may not even be direct one-way relationships between all systems.

*** The diagram below may be provided as an accommodation ***

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

CirculatorySystem

DigestiveSystem

RespiratorySystem

The Body

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio NAME: ____________________ Date: ________________

STRAND E UNIT TESTANIMALS: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

March 1, 2015

TEACHER’S NOTESTypes of accommodations:

In questions 6 – 11 there are optional word banks provided that may be removed for students receiving no accommodations.

In question 29 there is a graphic organizer that may be removed for students receiving no accommodations.

Laptops may be provided for all written short answer responses.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioMultiple Choice:

Circle the best answer of the options given.

2. Which of the following protects the stomach from hydrochloric acid?(K/U: 2 marks)

a. Bile.b. Pepsin.c. Mucin.d. Bicarbonate ions

2. The process of internal respiration involves the:(K/U: 2 marks)

a. Breakdown of glucose to produce ATPb. Absorption of oxygen into the bloodc. Contraction of the intercostal and diaphragm d. Exchange of gas between the blood and body cells

3. Your class decides to conduct a study that investigates the differences between height and resting heart rate. Which of the following graphs and analysis would be the best way to display the data? (C: 2 marks)

a. A bar graph, multivariate analysis.b. A scatterplot graph, multivariate analysis.c. A bar graph, correlation analysis.d. A scatterplot graph, correlation analysis.

4. During a dissection why might you want to identify the diaphragm before you open the thoracic cavity? (T/I: 2 marks)

a. The diaphragm is often damaged or destroyed during the process of opening the thoracic cavity.

b. The diaphragm has an intricate network of capillaries that must be observed first.

c. The diaphragm is not considered part of the thoracic cavity.d. The diaphragm is a muscle that will contract when the thoracic cavity is

opened, making it harder to find.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio5. The spirogram below represents a person with a healthy respiratory system: (A: 3 marks)

If this person began to smoke cigarettes heavily for 2 years which of the following spirograms demonstrates how their breathing patterns might change?

a) b)

c) d)

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioFill in the Blank:

6. In the ECG to the right the region labeled R corresponds to the contraction of the The ventricles contract. (A: 1 mark)

7. The pulmonary arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the

lungs. (K/U: 3 marks)

8. Mucus protects the stomach from hydrochloric acid. (K/U: 1 mark)

9. The gall bladder and pancreas both secrete substances into the duodenum.(K/U: 1 mark)

10. Scatterplots and correlation analysis are the best ways to compare resting heart rate and height. (K/U: 1 mark)

11. List the structures of the heart in the order that blood flows through them.(K/U: 4 marks)

Word bank: Bicuspid Valve, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Mitral Valve, Pulmonary Artery, Pulmonary Vein, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle,

VenaCava , ¿Chamber ,

Bicuspid ValveValve , ¿

Chamber , SemilunarValve,

Pulmonary ArteryBloodVessels , Capilaries,Pulmonary VeinBloodVessels , ¿ AtriumChamber ,

MitralValveValve , ¿

Chamber , Semilunar Valve, Aorta

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

Matching (Questions 12-18):

Doctors must be able to diagnose diseases based on their symptoms. Diagnose the following patients by matching their profiles with the correct disease. Write the matching letter in the space provided (A: 7 marks):

Patient Profile

C The patient is complaining that rapid contractions of the lower part of the stomach are causing chime to empty back into the esophagus.

E A 35-year-old male is mildly dehydrated. It is noted that his large intestine is not absorbing water as efficiently as it should.

F A 43-year old female is admitted to triage, complaining of abdominal pains. A CAT scan reveals large crystal formations in the bile duct.

G A 28-year-old pregnant female is complaining about irritation of the esophagus. With an endoscopic examination the doctor is able to observe stomach acid entering the esophagus.

A 4-year-old male is brought to the hospital in a state of dizziness and incoherency. Blood analysis indicates that his blood glucose levels are low and his insulin levels are virtually non-existent.

B A 50-year-old female is admitted with severe stomach pains. She admits to having a very stressful job and family life and has difficulty balancing her two worlds. An endoscopy demonstrates to the physician that a small hole in the protective mucus of her stomach is resulting in acid digesting the stomach lining.

D A 43-year-old male is complaining of extreme fatigue and itchy skin. The physician performs a physical examination and determines the patient is jaundiced (yellowish complexion) and finds several large bruises that the patient insists were from minor injuries. Upon taking a medical history the patient admits to being an

alcoholic for the better part of 20 years.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioDisease

A. Diabetes

B. Ulcer

C. Vomiting

D. Cirrhosis

E. Diarrhea

F. Gall Stones

G. Gastro-Esophageal

Reflux Disease.

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioTrue/False:

Read each question carefully. For each question, answer T for True, or F for False

19. T The central nervous system are the nerves of the brain and spinal cord.(K/U: 1 mark)

20. F The circulatory system does not link the respiratory and digestive systems together. (K/U: 1 mark)

Use the diagram and description below to answer questions 21 and 22

A student wished to study the effects of pH on the digestive action of protease. Test tubes containing 10 mL of protein solution, and 1 mL of protease solutions were mixed. 10 mL of a pH 1 solution was added to test tube 1. The resulting amino acid product was measured. This procedure was repeated for solution with a pH of 3, 6, 7, 9 and 11. The results are as shown in the graph below.

21. F The optimal pH for this protease enzyme is 6 (use the graph and description below). (C: 1 mark)

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140

5

10

15

20

25

Amino acid Production as a Result of Protease Action at Different pH Levels

pH of solution

Amou

nt o

f Pro

duct

Pre

sent

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio22. T Referring back to the diagram in question (21), as the pH goes higher than the optimal pH, the amount of amino acid product decreases. (C: 1 mark)

Use the diagram and description below to answer question 23

The blood components of several patients are compared in the diagram below.

One patient has leukemia, a type of cancer that causes rapid and uncontrolled cell production.

Another patient has adapted to living at high altitudes where oxygen levels are lower and therefore must be more efficient at transporting available oxygen.

23. T Sample B belongs to patient with leukemia. (A: 1 mark)

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. BettioShort Answer:Please answer in the space provided below each question. The space provided is suitable to answer the question completely. Answer in full sentences unless otherwise instructed.

24. a. From a biological perspective what does the expression “It went down the wrong pipe” mean? (C: 4 marks)

A situation when water enters the trachea, not the esophagus (2 marks).

This occurs in the pharynx where these two pathways diverge (2 marks).

b. Why might this be a fairly rare event? (T/I: 2 marks) Mentioning the epiglottis (1 mark). Mentioning that the epiglottis overs the trachea while swallowing (1

mark).

25. Why might we need to breathe? Your answer should discuss the three types of respiration (internal, external and cellular respiration). (T/I: 4 marks)

Our cells conduct cellular respiration that produces energy for our body (1 mark).

Cellular respiration requires oxygen and produces CO2 as waste (1 mark).

Internal respiration bring oxygen from the lungs to the heart and CO2 vice-versa (1 mark).

External respiration brings oxygen into the body and expels CO2 (1 mark).

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio26. Describe the affects that excessive antacid use (e.g. Tums) might have on the digestive system. You may write in point form if you choose. (A: 5 marks)

Antacids cause an acid-base reaction that neutralizes stomach acids (2 marks).

The increase in pH prevents the enzyme Pepsin from working efficiently (2 marks).

This results in improper chemical digestion and breakdown of proteins (1 mark).

27. An Olympic-level endurance runner decides to spend a summer training in the highlands of Kenya, where the air is much thinner. Describe how her circulatory system will adapt to the lower concentrations of oxygen in the air. You may write in point form if you choose. (A: 5 marks)

Low concentrations of oxygen means her body must work harder to collect O2(1 mark).

Tidal volume and frequency of breaths will increase (2 marks). Cardiac output will increase in the short term (1 mark). Over time she will produce more red blood cells to absorb more

oxygen (1 mark).

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio28. A fractal pattern (like the one to the right) is a pattern that keeps repeating as the magnification increase (“zoom in”).

Identify two fractal patterns that occur in the digestive system, the circulatory system or the respiratory system. Identify the structures involved, how they might resemble a fractal pattern and how this design might be an advantage. (T/I: 6 marks)

Fractal 1:Answers may vary but may involve the following:

The small intestines resemble a fractal as its wrinkles get smaller (1 mark).

Convolutions are covered in villi that are covered in microvilli (1 mark). This fractal pattern increases the surface area of the stomach in makes

absorption of nutrients more efficient (1 mark).

Fractal 2:Answers may vary but may involve the following:

The small intestines resemble a fractal as its wrinkles get smaller (1 mark).

Convolutions are covered in villi that are covered in microvilli (1 mark). This fractal pattern increases the surface area of the stomach in makes

absorption of nutrients more efficient (1 mark).

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio29. Construct a diagram that illustrates the relationships between the respiratory system, digestive system, circulatory system and the body. Your answer should involve placing arrows that indicate how one system affects another as well as labeling what the relationships are. (T/I: 5 marks C: 5 marks)

Hint: There may not be a direct, two-way relationships between all systems. There may not even be direct one-way relationships between all systems.

*** The diagram below may be provided as an accommodation ***

SBI3U Strand E Unit Test: Animal Structures and Functions Miss. Shabo, Mr. Bettio

CirculatorySystem

DigestiveSystem

RespiratorySystem

The Body

OxygenNutrients

CO2Nutrient waste

Nutrients

CO2

Oxygen

5 marks for making the correct connections.

5 marks for correctly identifying what is occurring,