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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
3D Printing: What it is Now & How it is
Changing The Way Things are Made
5th Digital Printing
Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Saguaro Scottsdale
Eric MillerCo-Owner
PADT, Inc
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Agenda
• Introductions
• What is 3D Printing
• The Impact of 3D Printing
• Will introduce 6 things everyone needs to know
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
PADT, Inc
• 80 Person
• Engineering Services and Products
• Based in Tempe, AZ
• Three Areas of Focus
– Numerical Simulation
– Product Development
– 3D Printing & Manufacturing
“We Make Innovation Work”
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Eric Miller
• Mechanical Engineer By Education
– Started with Advanced Computer Aided Engineering for Turbine
Engines
• Co-Founder and Co-Owner of PADT
• Many hats:
– Tech support, IT, Marketing, HR, Software Development, Operations,
Investing, etc…
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
What is 3D Printing?
• A subset of Additive Manufacturing
• Affordable AM that does not require expertise
• Other AM Subsets:
– Digital Mfg, Rapid Prototyping, Rapid Tooling, Additive Dental, etc.
• But: 3D Printing now used for the whole spectrum
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
What is Additive Manufacturing ?
• Take a computer model
• Have the computer slice it into lots of thin layers
• Build up the object one layer at a time
– Cut the layer
– Deposit the layer
– Glue the layer
– Harden the layer
– Fuse the layer
– Etc…
• In contrast to forging, extruding,
machining, or molding/casting
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Not a new Technology, But Still Growing
• 30 years or more old
• 33 professional system manufacturers around the world
• 2012: $2.2B AM system and services – 28% growth
– System sales grew 20% to $1B
– Services providers grew 24.2% to $643M
– 7,700+ systems sold
• Used heavily in mechanical design for at least 15 years.
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
• Stratasys and 3D
Systems
– Stratasys & Objet Merged
Last Year
• They buy small firms
when they start looking
good
• Growth in Metal:
– 200 systems sold in 2012
Two Major OEM’s
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
What About Low Cost 3D Printers?
• “Consumer”
• 35,508 units sold in 2012
– 46.3% growth, big drop in growth
• Experts feel the market is saturated
– $39.9M in sales, 6.5% of the commercial market
• Part Quality and system reliability may hamper growth
• Making big splashes on Crowd Sourcing Sites
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Why is 3D Printing Important?
Make Parts Without any Expertise
Guns
Custom
CraftsBiological
Parts
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
OVERVIEW OF THE MOST
COMMON TECHNOLOGIES
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Material Extrusion: FDM
• Pro
– Ease of use
– Strong parts
– Affordable
– Material
Choices
– From
consumer to
production
systems
• Con
– Surface
finish
– Fine part
detail
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Material Jetting: PolyJet
• Pro
– Materials
– Material mixing
• Color
• Rubber
• Clear
– Find part detail
– Surface Finish
• Cons
– Cost of
material
– Sensitive
system
– Material shelf
life
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Vat Photopolymerization: Stereolithography
• Pro
– Materials
– Accuracy
– Surface finish
– Find part detail
– Speed
• Cons
– Support
removal
– Some
expertise
required
– Cost
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Powder Bed Fusion: Selective Laser
Sintering/Melting• Pro
– Speed
– Strength
– Metals
• Cons
– Messy
– Safety with
powders
– Surface finish
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Every Process has Strengths & Weaknesses
• Picking the right technology is the key to making money
• Get a machine that meets most of your needs
– Outsource for the 10%-20% you can’t do on your machine.
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
How do you Make Money with 3D Printing?
• Sell printers to people
– Dominated by large companies
– New technologies leads to growth and acquisition
– Existing users and new users
• Make parts for people and charge them
– Resell parts services
– Dominated by big players
– Offer something unique or niche
• Make end-use parts that can be sold
– Shapeways.com
– Custom figures, Scanning
– Jewelry, Dental, Personalized Medicine
• Sell accessories and consumables
– Material
– Post processing tools – cleaning, smoothing, coating
– Training
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Lots of Service Providers
• $798,400,000 in revenue in 2012
– 24.2% annual growth
• 3 Large Players
– 3D Systems, Stratasys, Protolabs
• Hundreds of commercial providers
• Growing number of “sharing” of consumer printers
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Is the Service Business Growing?
• In a publicity bubble right now
• Actual growth is much more stable than you would expect
• Consistent 15% to 20% growth!
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
THE IMPACT OF 3D PRINTING
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Already changed Product Development
• Prototyping
– For 30 years more and more companies have made
prototyping a part of their process
– This is where the 20% growth year over year came from
• Will continue
– Moving down the sophistication chain
– New materials/processes broaden applications
• Tooling
– Much of the new growth is in this area
– Fixtures, molds, patterns, etc..
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Will 3D Printing Bring Manufacturing
Back to the US?
• Not cost effective for volume manufacturing: $25 vs. $0.02
• Low volume and custom products – Yes!
• Manually intensive and complex parts – Yes!
• End Use Parts are 28.3% of the service market
– 51% growth in 2012
– Growth of production strength material big driver
– Examples
• GE combustor parts
• Dental
• Jewelry
• Complex connectors
• Yes & No – small impact, but in a huge market
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Think about Digital Color Printing
• Tektronix Phaser
– Expensive, sensitive, weird materials
• Now everywhere
– Cheap, plug-and-play, commodity
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Is 3D Printing a Magical Super Tool?
• No, but it has been, and still is, a game changer
• It has its place
– Not the Star Trek Food Replicator
– But can make food now…
• Applied Correctly, it is profitable
– Save Money
– Make Money
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
What Should I Watch?
• Materials are driving growth
– Introducing new applications
– Recent Examples: Metal and Color
• New “Disruptive” Applications
• System cost is lowering barrier to entry for users
– Look at cost relative to part applications
• $1200 machine that makes ugly, fragile, inaccurate parts: meh.
• $5,000 machine that makes clean, durable, accurate parts: woohoo!
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Should I get a Low Cost 3D Printer?
• Only as a hobby, not to make money
• Commercial printers ($10k to $1.5MM) if
you want to make money
• Low cost printers right now lack:
– Supports for overhanging geometry
– Material options that make usable prototype parts, let alone end-use
parts
– Temperature, deposition, and position controls are not accurate
enough to make usable parts
– Machines are fragile
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Lessons Learned as a Service Provider
• Selling 3D Printed parts as a service is a commodity
– Price kept down by 2 major machine manufacturers
• They have lower system and material costs, plus built in sales/marketing
• Much like the Digital Printing Services Business
– Unique capabilities
– Expertise
– Relationship
– Value Added Services
• You need to keep your overhead low, your response fast
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Review of 6 Takeaways
1. Why is 3D Printing Important?
– Make Parts Without Expertise
2. How do you Make Money with 3D Printing?
– Sell printers, service, manufacture, accessories/consumables
3. Is the Service Business Growing?
– Yes, 15% to 20% growth, consistent
4. Will 3D Printing Bring Manufacturing
Back to the US?
– Yes & No, small impact but in a huge market
5. Is 3D Printing a Magical Super Tool?
– No, but it has been and is a game changer
6. What Should I Watch?
– Materials, New Applications, and System Cost
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5th Digital Printing Presses ConferenceApril 30, 2014
Next Steps
• http://www.padtinc.com/blog/dpp14
– Useful Links
• FAQ
• System buying suggestions
• Animations and videos
• Key contacts
• If you want to understand the market:
– Wholers Report
• I will be available
today to chat
– Or email