3gg chnnel concept pdf
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8/11/2019 3gg Chnnel Concept PDF
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Design and Performance
Analysis for radio planningnetwork
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SupervisorsSupervisorsAssistant Prof .. Sherif Elsayed
Kishk Eng. Fahmy A. Khalifa
By /EngAhmed Hamed
Department of Eletronis andDepartment of Eletronis and!ommuniation!ommuniationFaulty of EngineeringFaulty of Engineering
"ansoura #niversity"ansoura #niversity$%%&$%%&
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!ontents
Project Motivation.
UMTS Architecture.
UMTS Issues.
System Model and Assumptions.
Uplink Admission and Handoff
Procedure. Simulation Results.
summary.
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Project Motivation
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UMTS system is considered as one ofthe most common ! standards.
UMTS capacity is interference "ased #so its important to reach optimumdesi$n to $et "est performance.
Project Motivation
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Pro'et "otivation %cont&d'
("jective)Ho( to )uild the program to design
and simulate radio planning
system.Performance Metrics)
*he total system apaity.
Pro)a)ility of ongoing alls )eingdropped.
Pro)a)ility of inoming alls )eing)loked.
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#"*S Arhiteture
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#"*S Arhiteture
• System *eatures The UMTS operates in two modes FDD and
TDD.
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#"*S Arhiteture%cont&d'• The UMTS architecture at the very
hi$hest level) – User +,uipment %U+'.
– UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access -etork%UTRA-'.
– /ore netork.
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#"*S Arhiteture+ont,d-UMTS Su"scri"er Identity
Module %USIM' .
Mo"ile Terminal %M+'.-ode 0.Radio -etork /ontroller%R-/'.Mo"ile Sitchin$ /enter%MS/-.Home 1ocation Re$ister%H1R'.2isitor 1ocation Re$ister%21R'.
+,uipment IdentityRe$ister %+IR'.Authentication /enter%AU/'.!!S- %!ateay !PRS
Support -ode'.S!S- %Servin$ !PRS%!eneral Packet Radio
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User +,uipment %U+'U+ consist of to parts)
Mo"ile Terminal%Handset' 3ma4output poer of 56.
UMTS Su"scri"erIdentity Module %USIM'is a smart card that
stores information a"outthe su"scri"er such as)
MSIS7-) Mo"ile StationInte$rated Service 7ata-etork.
IMSI) International
Mo"ile Su"scri"erIdentity. TMSI) Temporary Mo"ile
Su"scri"er Identity. IM+I) International
Mo"ile +,uipmentIdentity.
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#"*S *errestrial adio Aess et(ork+#*A-
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adio et(ork!ontroller +!-
Serving and Drift !s
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!ore et(orkArhiteture
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Interfaces
• A 0nterfae
This interface e4ists "eteen the MS/and
the 0S/ and it is a pure !SM interface.
• 0u 0nterfae
This interface connects the core netork
and the UMTS Radio Access -etork.• 0u) 0nterfae
This interface is situated "eteen the
R-/
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• 0ur 0nterfae The Iur interface connects toradio
netork controllers.
• 1) 0nterfae The !" interface connects the
packet8sitched core netork
to the !SM netork.
Interfaces
cont.
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MAP Interfaces
*ypes of "AP 0nterfaes2
1f ) fraud interface.
1p ) P1M- interface1n ) node interface .
1) ) "ase interface.
1i )Internet interface.
1 ) conte4t interface.
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UMTS Issues
/hannels Types
Poer /ontrol
Handoff
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Physical /hannels
7edicated /hannels /ommon /hannels
UMTS /hannels
transport /hannels
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Physical /hannels)Physical /hannels)
carrier fre,uency# code# relative phase
Main ! Re,uirements on Physical 1ayer)Main ! Re,uirements on Physical 1ayer)
Hi$h "it rates up to 5 M"ps
0andidth8(n87emand 9 *le4i"levaria"le "it rate
Hi$h spectral efficiency# especially in
donlink Tasks of physical layer)
+rror protection and detection.
/ontrol soft handover and poer control.
Mappin$ transport ch to physical ch.
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Uplink Physical Channels
Dedicated uplink physical channels
Common Uplink physical channels
Downlink physical channel
Dedicated physical channels Common physical channels
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Frame Struture for #plink
DPD!H/DP!!H
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PRA/H : Physical Random8Access/hannel.
PRA/H is used to carry RA/H.
Aess Slots
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Frame Struture for Do(nlink DP!H
7P/H : 7edicated physical channels
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//P/H : Primary /ommon /ontrol Physical /hannel
Frame Struture for primary !ommon !ontrol physial!hannel
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Frame Struture for Seondary !ommon !ontrol
physial !hannel
/H : secondary /ommon /ontrol Physical /hannel
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This channel is used "y mo"ile stations forcell search.
There are to synchroni;ation channels 3the primary and the secondary. The primary synchroni;ation channel
transmits a modulated code# called the primary synchronization code.
+very cell in a UTRA- uses the sameprimary synchroni;ation code.
The secondary S/H is constructed "yrepeatin$ a se,uence of modulated codesof 5<= chips and is transmitted in parallelith the primary S/H.
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*ransport !hannel to physial !hannel "apping
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Transport channels) Transport channels) They are defined on the "asis of the types of
information they transfer and ho it is
transferred on the radio interface.
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7edicated Transport /hannels)8D!H 3 Dediated !hannel D!H
– Full douple4 hannel.
– arry ontrol information )et(een the net(orkand mo)ile station .
– It controls %call setup# "illin$# handover# poer#>>'• SD!!H 3 Stand5Alone Dediated !ontrol !hannel
– Full douple4 hannel.
– #sed for servie re6uests.
– 0nitiate all setup.
D*!H 3 Dediated *raffi !hannel
Full douple4 hannel
During all setup the net(ork takes the SD!!Hand gives the D*!H to the su)sri)er to an
send speeh or data.
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/ommon Transport /hannels)8
• Broadast !hannel +B!H- )
7.1 transport channel.cell8specific parameters such as random accesscodes# access slots in a cell# or diversity typesused.
carries UTRA- system.
Paging !hannel +P!H-2
D.7 transport hannel .
*o inform the su)sri)er of an inomingall.
andom Aess !hannel
+A!H-2 – #.7 transport hannel8 availa)le only in the
FDD mode.
– #sed to re6uest a hannel for a onnetion.
• For(ard Aess !hannel +FA!H-2
– D.7 transport hannel.
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(ther Transport /hannels)8
/ommon Packet /hannel %/P/H'uplink transport channel .carry packet data from a user.
7onlink Shared /hannel %7S/H'donlink transport channel.carries user data and control information.
Uplink Shared /hannel %US/H'only used in the T77 mode.carry "oth control and user data.
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Po(er !ontrol in #"*S
Po(er ontrol is very importantPo(er ontrol is very importantfor #"*S 2for #"*S 2? Minimi;e the interference in the system.
? All si$nal arrives at "ase station&sreceiver ith the
same si$nal poer.
? Solve -ear8far pro"lem.
-ear8far effect in the u link direction
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Po(er !ontrol in #"*S
*ypes of po(er ontrol2*ypes of po(er ontrol2
A. (pen loop poer control
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0.0. /losed loop poer control
/./. Inner loop poer control
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Handover
Is the process in hich a cellular phone
is handed from one cell to
the ne4t in order to maintain a radio
connection ith the netork.
*ypes of Handover2
?Hard Handover %!SM'.
?Soft Handover %UMTS'.
?Softer Handover %Sectors'.
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Admission !ontrol +A!-
? Admission /ontrol occurs henne connection is set up asell as handover.
?Ac needs to check thatadmittance ill not sacrifice theplanned covera$e area or
e4istin$ connection.
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Admission !ontrol +A!-
Ac al$orithm estimates the load thatthe esta"lishment of the "earerould
cause in the netork.
7 d ! t l +! ti
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7oad !ontrol +!ongestion!ontrol-
? It&s important to ensure that systemis not
overloaded and remains sta"le.
? The possi"le load control actions inorder to
reduce load
? 71 fast load control %deny 71 poer
up command'.? U1 fast load control %reduce the
+"@-o tar$et'.
? Handover to another 6/7MA carrier.&
7 d ! t l +! ti
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7oad !ontrol +!ongestion!ontrol-
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HSPA
• Hi$h Speed Donlink Packet Access.
• Hi$h Speed #plink Packet Access.
• HS9PA.
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*ehnologial approah
easons to deployHSDPA2
• Saturated voicecommunicationmarket
• !roin$ demand anduser e4pectation forthe data services like"road"and internetaccess# streamin$#
$amin$# etc.• /ompetin$ Hi$h
Speed irelesstechnolo$ies)
8 61A-
8 6iMA
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Shorter time transmission interval+**0-• HSDPA introdues short **0
onept8 (here **0:$ms.
• Advantages2 81ess pro"a"ility of an error due to
the chan$e of the channelconditions .
8More efficient hen packetretransmission is necessary.
87ecreased "uffer si;e.
• A; mehanism is plaed in!+el,<<-2 8Disadvantage2 latency time up
to BCC msD
8Solution2 move it to node 0.8Profit2 latency "elo BC ms
• Sheduling is ontrolled )y
!+el,<<-2 8Disadvantage2 important
channel measurementinformation can "e delayed.
8Solution2 move schedulin$ closeto the air interface.
8Profit2 reschedulin$ is made
ithin a short time.
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Adaptive "odulation and!oding +A"!-
• "ain priniple 3todynamially modifySi$nal modulation and/odin$ scheme toompensate the
variations in annelonditions.• Benefits2 8Increased avera$e
cell throu$hput
8Reduced interferencevariation
8Hi$her data rates forusers in favoura"lepositions.
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HA;
H-AR-type-!!!H-AR-type-!!
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/hannel
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HSUPA
• To enhance theuplink performance.
• The key difference"eteen uplink and
donlink is thehandlin$ of the totaltransmission poerresource.
• The poer controlcannot "e a"andonedin the case ofcontinuous uplinktransmission due to
the near:far pro"lem.
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HS(PA
• (*7M divides the si$nal into severalnarro8"and su"8carriers hich aredesi$ned to "e narroer than thecoherence "andidth of the ireless
propa$ation channel.• Uses (rtho$onal *re,uency 7ivision
Multiple4in$ %(*7M' and multiple8inputmultiple8output %MIM(' antenna.
• *le4i"le "andidth usa$e ith B.5< MH; to5C MH; "andidths. 0y comparison# 68/7MA uses fi4ed si;e < MH; chunks of
spectrum.
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• HS(PA ill use (*7MA for the don8link andSin$le /arrier *7MA %S/8*7MA' for the up8link# [email protected]=e85CC< uses (*7MA for"oth the up and don links.
• *or 6iMa4# HS7PA serves as a form ofcompetition thatLs not as fast. 6iMa4promises speeds of up to JCM"ps# "ut muchmore mo"ile.
• HS7PA ill allo to increase donlinkthrou$hput and# in turn# offer advanced,uality of service %EoS' capa"ilities andspeeds that rival those delivered "y ca"lemodem and 7S1 service providers.
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Simulation
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system considerations
The pro$ram is initiated "y anum"er of usersRandom uniform velocity
distri"ution 2t #
Uniform random directionsC5N# Uniform random locations
%#O'#Uniform random call duration /t
-um"er of the servin$ "asestation and the correspondin$
path $ain P$
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System model
!ell mem)ershipPath Gain Criterion.
Users select the "ase stationUsers select the "ase station
to hich it has the lar$estto hich it has the lar$estpath $ainpath $ain
/ell 1oad /riterionUsers select the "ase stationUsers select the "ase station
ith the smallest num"er ofith the smallest num"er of
users.users.
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System model
+ach cell supplies covera$e andservice to a specific num"er ofusers.Users %MS' are uniformly
distri"uted ithin the unit areas.(nly the uplink is considered. The system performance is
determined "y a constraint onthe Si$nal8to8Interference Ratio%SIR' at all 0Ss.A threshold value of SIR for all
users in the system is re,uired
to maintain the accepta"le EoS.
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System model
+ach user in the environment isprocessed "y only one 0S.
/ell mem"ership is determinedaccordin$ to the path $ain.
The system employ perfect uplink
poer control % That is mean the received si$nal
poer from all users in the systemis the same
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#plink Performane
n
t r
d
dok P P
⋅=
Propa$ation Model
Simplified Propa$ationModel
=
!
"!#
lo$%!&d
dBk π
λ
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#plink Performane
outcell incell P
Gr
I I N
P S SIR
++
⋅=
b
G RW
atedataratechip P ==
r
The uplink SIR
6here Sr is the received si$nalpoer. P! is the system processin$
$ain. -p is 0ack$round -oise poer
Iincell is the in8cell interferenceIoutcell is the out8of8cellinterference
Uplink admission and
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Uplink admission andhandoffUsers select "ase station
accordin$ to a predefined path$ain criteria
-e call re,uests as ell as the
handoff re,uests are ,ueued%one second len$th ,ueue'
A ne user ill "e admitted aslon$ as its SIR is a"ove the
systems& SIRmin and those of allusers are also a"ove theminimum threshold
Handoff re,uests are prioriti;ed
than ne call re,uests
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[Flowchart]
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Simulation result
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System apaity
0l ki f