4th Big Data Analytics and Innovation Conference & the Launch of Big Data & National Security Cluster Group

Program Baze University, Abuja 28-30 November 2017 Launch: 1 December 2017, NDC Abuja

KIE in association with Nigeria’s Big Data Analytics Cluster Groups

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BIG DATA ANALYTICS & INNOVATION CONFERENCE Aims:

• to encourage the Nigerian authorities to engage with Big Data particularly how Big data analytics can be used to streamline public service delivery, create opportunities for innovation, and identify new service and policy approaches as well as supporting the effective delivery of existing programmes across a broad range of government operations—from the maintenance of public infrastructure, through the enhanced delivery of health and education services, to increasing response times for security personnel in critical situations such as farmers-herdsmen clashes, militancy, insurgency and terrorism.

• to encourage higher education institutions in Nigeria to engage with Big Data Analytics to build capacity and develop best-fit curricular to significantly improve employment outcome for graduates providing them with opportunities to acquire sough-after analytics skills;

• to encourage corporate organisations in Nigeria to engage

with the Big Data project to make better use of their data assets, particularly the use of predictive analytics — and deep learning — to cut costs, improve efficiency, raise productivity, and significantly improve the bottom line; and

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CONFERENCE CHAIRMAN & CHAIRS OF THEMATIC SECTIONS

Prof James Ogunleye, Middlesex University, UK, Conference Chair Mr Rislan A. Kanya, Baze University, Abuja, Conference Deputy Chair: Big Data Analytics, E Governance & ICT Prof Felix Dayo, Federal University Otuoke, Chair: Big Data Analytics, Energy, Oil & Gas & Environment Dr Appolo Tankeh & Raj Dattar, IBM, New York , USA, Co-chairs: Dig Data Analytics, Innovation & Enterprise Prof Elizabeth N. Onwuka, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Chair: Big Data Analytics & Telecommunications Cdr Dr Isaac Mankilik (rtd), HOD, Sci & Tech, National Defence College, Abuja, Chair: Big Data Analytics & National Security

CONFERENCE

ADVISORY BOARD Prof Felix Dayo Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State Engr. Akin Alarima Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State Dr Mani Ibrahim Ahmed, Baze University, Abuja Prof Goddy Onyedim Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State Navy Commodore (Dr) Isaac M. Mankilik (trd), National Defence College, Abuja Mr Khalifa Imam Galadanci, CEO, ICX solutions Ltd, Nigeria Mr Awwaal Bamanga, University of Portsmouth, UK Mr Simon Masuku, Regent’s University London, UK Prof Elizabeth N. Onwuka Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State Mr Rislan A. Kanya, Baze University, Abuja Wing Commander (Dr) O.C. Ubadike, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State Dr J. J. Dukkiya, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State Mr Adeiza J. Onumanyi, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State Dr Abiodun M. Aibinu, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State Mr Festus Edobor, Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK Dr Sepribo Lawson-Jack, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State Mr Adebayo Fashetan, Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK Mr Emeka Nwanga, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State

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Content Conference Programme: 3–8 Abstracts: 9–28 Presentations Notes: 31-34

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Conference Program Tuesday 28 November 2017

Venue – Baze University Abuja: Registration Area Room: Classroom 4, Faculty of Law Building

Session Chair: Rislan Kanya 10:00 –10:30 Registration & Coffee/Tea:

10:30 –10:40 James Ogunleye, Conference Chair Opening remarks

10:40 –10:45 Professor Tahir Mamman, SAN, OON Vice Chancellor, Base University, Abuja Welcome

10:45 –11.30 Keynote 1

Dr. Dikko Umaru Radda, DG/CEO, Small & Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) Topic: Big Data Analytics, ICT & Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria

11:30 –12.00 Keynote 2

Mr Bruce Ayonete, CEO/MD, Suburban Telecom Ltd Topic: Future Ready infrastructure for data driven economy

12:00 –13:00 Panel Discussion on Keynotes 1 and 2 Panelists: Dikko Radda, DG/CEO SMEDAN, Jennifer Chizua, Founder Startprenuers, Bruce Ayonete, MD Suburban Telecom, Rislan Kanya & Prof. James Ogunleye

13:00 –14:00 Lunch: Faculty of Law Board Room

14:00 –14:30 Keynote 3

Hajia Rabi Ishak, Commissioner of Education, Science and Technology, Jigawa State Topic: Using Data to Improve Education Outcome for Schoolchildren: the case of Jigawa state

14:30 –15:00 Keynote 4

Mani Ibrahim Ahmed, PhD, Director Academic Planning, Baze University, Abuja Prospect of Data Driven Education

15:00 –16:00 Panel Discussion on Keynotes 3 and 4 Panelists: Hajia Rabi Ishak, Maj. Gen. Inuwa Idris Rtd, Registrar, Baze University, Dr. Mani Ibrahim Ahmed DAP, Baze University Abuja & Prof. James Ogunleye

16:00 –16:30 Jamilu Awwalu, Salisu IbrahimYusuf, Usman Abubakar Idris & Buhari Kamil, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria Return on Educational Investment – A Rough Set Theory on Education, Employment, and Crime in Nigeria

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16:30 –17:00 James Ogunleye, Conference Chair Higher Education, Big Data and Learning Analytics

17:00 –17:30 Mr Salami Nasir, MD/CEO Techspecialist Consulting TBC

Wednesday 29 November 2017 Baze University Abuja, Room: Classroom 4, Faculty of Law Building

Section Chair: James Ogunleye 10:00 – 10:30 Registration & Coffee/Tea:

10:30 – 10:50 Afolabi Musbaudeen Olaide, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Nigeria, Atoyebi Musiliyu Kunle, Olomu Michael Oluwaseun, Onifade Olabamiji John & Ajao Blessing Funke, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria The Assessment of the Broadband Services Delivery in Nigeria

10:50 – 11:10 Johnson O.V, Aladesote O.I. & Ganiyu M., The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Nigeria Big Data Analytics: Implementing H2O-Random Forests Classifier for Network Intrusion Detection

11:10 – 11:30 Kazeem, A. & Abdullahi, A., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria & Ajayi, O. G., Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria Innovative Approach to E-Governance Project Maturity Models: Case Study of Gwagwalada and Kuje Area Councils, FCT, Abuja

11:30 – 11:50 Emeka Ogbuju & Kolajo Taiwo, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria Automated Trends Determinant System using Big Data Analytics

11:50 – 12:10 Abubakar, R., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria, Kwon-Ndung, L., Federal University, Lafia Kazeem A., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja

Appraising Institutional Capacity for Implementation of the Nigerian Cybercrime Act, 2015

12:10 – 13:10 Q&A/Panel Discussion on all AM Presentations

13:10 – 14:10 Lunch

14:10 – 14:30 M.K. Mustafa, Baze University Abuja, Tony Allen and Kofi Appiah, Nottingham Trent University, UK

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An Improved Voice Activity Detection Algorithm with an Echo State Network Classifier for On-device mobile Speech recognition

14:30 – 14:50 Jude James, Kazeem Abubakar & Okechukwu Ukwuoma Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria Developing a Smart City: Essentials, Execution and Evaluation

14:50 – 15:10 Rislan Kanya, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria How technology is failing the poor: Data analytics as a tool in reducing the failure

15:10 – 17:00 Q&A/Panel Discussion on the PM presentations

Thursday 30 November 2017 Baze University Abuja, Room: Petirim Hall

Session Chair: Rislan Kanya 09:30 – 10:00 Registration & Coffee/Tea

10:00 – 10:20 Jamilu Awwalu, Ali Garba Garba, Halima Abdu Goni & Mohammed Issa M. Al-kharusi Machine Learning Algorithm Accuracy: Fitting and Optimizing Models for a Higher and Realistic Accuracy

10:20 – 10:50 Jamilu Awwalu, Suleiman Adamu, Ahmed Muhammad Isah & Hassan Adamu, Baze University, Abuja BIG Data Analytics: Towards Smart Governance in Nigeria

10:50 – 11:10 Iroh, E. & Abubakar, R., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, North Central Office, Abuja End-users’ choice of telecommunications service providers in Abuja metropolis, Nigeria

11:10 – 11:30 Olashinde O., Johnson O.V. & Fakoya J.T., The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Nigeria Computational Efficiency Analysis of Customer Churn Prediction Using Spark and Caret Random Forest Classifier

11:30 – 11:50 Jude, J. & Emmanuel, O. G., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria E-government Initiatives in Nigeria

11:50 – 12:50 Q&A/Panel Discussion on all AM Presentations

12:50 – 13:50 Lunch

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13:50 – 14:10 Nafia Bashir Banadeen, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria, Abdullahi Marshal Idris, Balami Samuel Ahmed & Adama Jummai Idris, The Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria An Empirical Analysis of Customers’ Perceptions on Brand Innovation on e-Commerce in Nigeria

14:10 – 14:30 Sonnie Onazi, National Defence College, Abuja, Nigeria Analysing Big Data in the Profitability of Fish Farming in Warri South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria

14:30 – 14:50 Abubakar, R., Emmanuel, I. & Emmanuel, O.G, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology Improving Stakeholders’ Participation in Nigeria’s Democratic Process: Is Digital Democracy an Option?

14:50 – 15:10 Yusuff U. A., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria & Govind, M., Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India Knowledge Institutions Performance in the Nigerian Science and Technology sector between year 1996 – 2016: A Scientometrics Study

15:10 – 15:20 Peter Ayemhonlan, Nigerian Defence College, Abuja, Nigeria Crisis Management System: A Case Study of Petroleum Pipeline Explosion

15:20 – 16:20 Q&A/Panel Discussion on all PM Presentations

16:20 – 16:30 Closing/Big Data Clusters Meeting over Tea/Coffee Break

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Inauguration of

Big Data Analytics & National Security Cluster Group [NSCG]

Date: 1st December 2017, Venue: Paul Dike Hall, National Defence College

09:00 – 09:30 Registration: Secretariat

09:30 – 10:00 Welcome Remarks – Dr Chijioke Wilcox Wigwe, Provost, Center for Strategic Research and Studies, National Defence College, Abuja Big Data – Remarks – Prof James Ogunleye, Chair, Big Data Analytics and Innovation Conference

10:00 – 10:30 Commandant Remarks & Inauguration of the NSCG – Rear Admiral Adeniyi Adejimi Osinowo, PhD.

10:30 – 11:00 Inaugural Lecture: Big Data Analytics: Implication on National Security – Prof James Ogunleye, Chair, Big Data Analytics and Innovation Conference

11:00 – 11:20 Presentation of NSCG Programme – Cdre IM Mankilik (rtd), Co-ordinator NDC NSCG

11:20 – 11:30 Vote of thanks – Ms Kerry H Powei Followed by light refreshments

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ABTRACTS

Knowledge Institutions Performance in the Nigerian Science and Technology sector between year 1996 – 2016: A Scientometrics Study Yusuff U. A., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria Govind, M., Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India This paper assessed the performance of Knowledge Institutions in Nigeria within the Science and Technology sector within a twenty-year (1996 -2016) timeframe using Scientometrics approach. It was observed that very little or no attempt has been made in the past research studies in assessing the impact of scientific publications from Nigeria’s knowledge institutions. Most efforts have been geared towards measuring “outputs” basically. The study assessed performance using three main Scientometrics indicators; productivity, citation impact, and scientific collaboration. Data on publications in the field of S&T were retrieved from database including, Scopus for the year 2000 – 2016 and SCImago for the year 1996 – 2015. Information on Impact Factor was extracted from Journal Citation Report, 2016, a publication of Web of Science (WoS). The paper revealed that factors like improved R&D funding, incentives available to researchers for experimental studies, publications and collaboration increases a country’s S&T ranking. Besides, a country may be endowed with a higher number of researchers or technicians but not all of them may be actively involved in the production of knowledge or process capable of increasing the performance and competitiveness of such a country. Keywords: Scientometrics, Science and Technology, Nigeria, Knowledge Institutions Correspondence Yusuff U. A & Govind, M National Centre for Technology Management

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Federal Ministry of Science and Technology North Central Office, Abuja, Nigeria Corresponding Email: yusuffshola@yahoo.com Phone: +2348174480268 Govind, M. Centre for Studies in Science Policy Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, India Developing a Smart City: Essentials, Execution and Evaluation Jude James, Kazeem Abubakar & Okechukwu Ukwuoma Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria

Adoption of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) especially the internet, is becoming the largest delivery podium of providing public and private services to the rural and urban populace. Over 50% of mankind occupies urban spaces and studies show that this will increase to two third by 2050. This situation is as a result of the opportunities that are available in the cities and this spells great challenge as cities grow people’s needs which must be met in ways that go easy on the environment. Also, resources such as fossil energy, clean water and disposable land are limited. Cities consume major part of all energy produced worldwide. Food, housing, mobility and waste removal require raw material and energy. Cities are responsible for nearly three quarters of greenhouse gases worldwide and must be seen to be a solution provider too. Hence to maintain high standard of living for the long-term cities as well as nations must reduce ecological footprint and seek alternatives to scarce fossil resources. This requires comprehensive development of physical, institutional, social and economic infrastructure. All are important in improving the quality of life and attracting people and investments to the City,

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setting in motion a virtuous cycle of growth and development. Such cities are referred to as Smart Cities and development of Smart Cities will be a step in the right direction under this condition. Keywords: Smart, Technology, ICT, Infrastructure, Developing, Policy

Correspondence Jude James*, Kazeem Abubakar & Okechukwu Ukwuoma National Centre for Technology Management, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, North Central Office, Abuja, Nigeria *Email: Jude James, judeosagie@ymail.com Phone: +2348128018221

Analysing Big Data in the Profitability of Fish Farming in Warri South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria Sonnie Onazi, National Defence College, Abuja, Nigeria We are now in the era of big data. Organizations are capturing, storing, and analysing data that has high volume, velocity, and variety that comes from various new sources, including social media, machines, log files, video, text, image, etc. These sources have strained the capabilities of traditional relational database management systems and spawned a host of new technologies, approaches, and platforms. The potential value of big data concepts is great and is clearly established by a growing number of studies. The keys to success with big data concepts include a clear business need, strong committed sponsorship, unemployment reduction, alignment between the business and IT strategies, a fact-based decision-making culture, a strong data infrastructure, the right analytical tools, and people skilled in the use of analytics. Due to the paradigm shift in the kind of data being analysed and how this data is used, big data can be a new concept, fourth generation of decision that support data management. This research work was designed to

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assess the profitability of fish farmers in the Warri South Local Government Area of Delta, Nigeria. A purposively sampling technique was used to select fifty (50) fish farmers from the study area. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics- frequency, percentages, while budgetary and gross margin was used to determine Farm Net Income (FNI). The study indicates that variable cost accounted for (72.95%) of the total cost while fixed cost of production accounted for 27.05%. The result shows that a total cost (TC) of N592,316 was incurred by a respondent per farming season while total revenue (TR) of N976,622 was realized with a returning gross margin (GM) of N544,528 and a net farm income (NFl) of N384,306 per farmer per annum, thus indicating that fish farming is profitable in the study area. Constraints encountered by the farmers includes, insufficient funds, high cost of feed, lack of processing/preservation/storage facilities and market price fluctuation. The study thus recommended that government and other stakeholders should help provide cheap sources fish feed, while also making funds available amongst others. Keywords: Big Data, Entrepreneurship Empowerment, Agriculture, Fish Farming, Gross Margin, Net Farm income, Profitability Correspondence Sonnie Onazi Hardware Manager Department of ICT National Defence College Abuja, Nigeria

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An Improved Voice Activity Detection Algorithm with an Echo State Network Classifier for On-device mobile Speech recognition M.K. Mustafa, Baze University Abuja Tony Allen and Kofi Appiah, Nottingham Trent University, UK Speech recognition is a complex process that involves quite a number of steps to achieve. The complexity of this process becomes a bigger concern when speech recognition is to be implemented for on-device mobile speech recognition. In this paper, a two-stage speech recognition system is presented. The first stage presents a novel Voice Activity Detection (VAD) technique that adopts Linear Predictive Coding Coefficients (LPC) that can be easily applied to on–device isolated word recognition on a mobile device. With recognition performance of 90% in comparison to a previous algorithm and recognition rate of 97.7% for female users in some of the experiments. The second stage adopts an Echo State network as the speech classifier. This shows a very promising recognition performance. Keywords: Speech recognition, Linear Predictive Coding, Mel Frequency

Cepstral Coefficients, Linear cross correlation, Voice activity detection

Correspondence

M.K. Mustafa Baze University Abuja Email: mohammed.mustafa@bazeuniversity.edu.ng Tony Allen and Kofi Appiah Nottingham Trent University, UK

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Appraising Institutional Capacity for Implementation of the Nigerian Cybercrime Act, 2015 Abubakar, R., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria Kwon-Ndung, L.,Federal University, Lafia

Kazeem A., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria Over the years, the landscape of cybercrime has remained dynamic and served as a source of economic, social and reputational retrogression. Nigeria has attempted several regulatory approaches/tools with the climax being the Cybercrime Act, 2015. This legal shielding tool was targeted at securing critical national infrastructures against cybercrime, among other objectives. Law enforcement agencies are primarily vested with the responsibility of implementing this Act. This paper attempted to x-ray the capacity of major implementing institutions saddled with the responsibility of executing the 2015 cybercrime Act and to also assess the awareness level of end-users. Tailor-made self-administered questionnaire was used in retrieving data from respondents drawn from the public and relevant law enforcement agencies. The outcome of the survey pointed at a positive correlation between institutional framework and effectiveness of the Act. Unfortunately, about 66% of security agents reported insufficient institutional framework and 48.1% claimed technical challenges as major problem hindering effective implementation the cybercrime Act, 2015. The research submitted the need for an evaluation and review of implementing institutions based on international best practices and to employ public awareness campaign to increase public knowledge. Keywords: Institutional Capacity, Implementation, 2015 Cybercrime Act, Awareness Correspondence Abubakar, R.*, & Kazeem A.

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National Centre for Technology Management, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, North Central Office, Abuja *Email: rufysanctuary@gmail.com Phone: +2347032515943 Kwon-Ndung, L.,

Political Science Department Federal University, Lafia Crisis Management System: A Case Study of Petroleum Pipeline Explosion Peter Ayemhonlan, Nigerian Defence College, Abuja, Nigeria Nigeria as a nation has witnessed series of petroleum pipeline explosion. Unfortunately, the inability of the agencies responsible for handling national crises to respond on time and bring the situation under control has led to unquantifiable loss of lives and properties worth billions of dollars. It has also led to a downward slide in national income. Crisis management systems (CMS) is a system that helps in identifying, assessing, and handling a crisis situation by orchestrating the communication between all parties involved in handling the crisis, by allocating and managing resources, and by providing access to relevant crisis-related information to authorized users. This document contains informal requirements of crisis management systems (CMS) in general, use case models for a Petroleum Pipeline Explosion CMS (PPECMS), a domain model for the PPECMS, an informal physical architectural description of the PPECMS, as well as some design models of a possible object-oriented implementation of parts of the PPECMS backend and front end. The web-based PPECMS which shall run on the Internet will reduce response time to crisis situation in oil industry particularly in Nigeria with a view to minimizing collateral damage.

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Correspondence Peter Ayemhonlan Nigerian Defence College Abuja, Nigeria

Automated Trends Determinant System using Big Data Analytics Emeka Ogbuju & Kolajo Taiwo, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria Every organization seeks to preserve her institutional memory. Some do this through keeping dates and records of events while others do the same through documenting important addresses/speeches delivered in special occasions. Management can derive administrative insights from the repository of these speeches. However, reading through the texts in a case where they have a very large volume could be cumbersome. Again, in this era of the internet where most of these institutional repositories are made available online, the unstructured nature of the web adds to its complexity. There is therefore a need to have an automated system that can derive meaningful insights from these documents/texts. We can leverage the knowledge of unstructured dataset mining and text analytics to develop this automated system. The system can automatically determine trends and patterns hidden in texts from institutional repositories. We therefore propose a big data framework that can assemble, aggregate and analyze (A3 framework) text-based information. The output of the system will show the organizational situations and steer institutional policy direction. In this paper, we operationalized our framework by collecting speeches, statements and media alerts released by the Department of Labour, Republic of South Africa from 2009 to 2017 from the department’s online repository with the aid of an intelligent crawler. These files were loaded onto a Hadoop cluster and text mining algorithms were run on them using R programming. The analyses of the results show typical trend and pattern with the various administrations,

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thereby revealing the strengths, challenges and opportunities of the department. The application of system in Nigeria context will help to explore entrepreneurial opportunities and job creation in the country. Keywords: Big data, Hadoop, Web mining, Text analytics Correspondence Emeka Ogbuju Email: emeka.ogbuju@fulokoja.edu.ng Kolajo Taiwo Email: taiwo.kolajo@fulokoja.edu.ng Department of Computer Science, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria Innovative Approach to E-Governance Project Maturity Models: Case Study of Gwagwalada and Kuje Area Councils, FCT, Abuja Kazeem, A. & Abdullahi, A., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria Ajayi, O. G., Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria Algebraic equations have modeled several real life and abstract scenarios, but not e-governance maturity models. There are over 25 e-governance maturity models in literature which falls short in the use of algebraic models to demonstrate the performance of e-governance projects. Most e-governance models also lacked local content elements, hence, adaptation seems challenging in some cases. This paper seeks to promote a feasible local content driven e-governance model using an amalgamation of algebraic and illustrative models approach with global application perspective. The paper adopted the desk, qualitative and inductive research methods. The desk

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research is a form of secondary research technique done by summarizing relevant published texts. Inductive research is a theory generating study done to proffer a generic solution to identified gaps in literature. This is sometimes called a bottom-up approach. Gwagwalada and Kuje area councils were used as case studies in usability testing of the proposed model. Efforts were made to take the research community to the grassroots rather than concentrating on the Federal and State levels despite the fact that more than 65% of the Nigeria population reside in the rural area. Expectantly, various stages of the understudied Area Councils were revealed. The model showed that these positions were proportionate to the technical and Human Development Index (HDI) efforts made by the respective councils. The study also found that Area Councils lacked on-line presence and does most government transactions through the conventional hard copy based dealings. The need for an improved political will, deliberate efforts towards turning around the HDI and tangible investments on ICT infrastructures hinged on holistic policy were submitted as options for repositioning the Area Councils on the e-governance maturity model. Keywords: Area Councils, Local Content, E-Governance, HDI, Maturity-Models Correspondence Kazeem, A.* & Abdullahi, A. National Centre for Technology Management Federal Ministry of Science and Technology North Central Office, Abuja Email: kz4tawa@gmail.com Phone: +2348028751764 Ajayi, O. G. Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics Federal University of Technology, Minna

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Big Data Analytics: Implementing H2O-Random Forests Classifier for Network Intrusion Detection Johnson O.V, Aladesote O.I. & Ganiyu M., The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Nigeria Security has become the major challenge of Internet since its inception. Businesses and life-long endeavours have been drastically transformed not minding the tantamount threats the Internet is facing. Technologies are evolving to always put a counter-measure these incessant threats are causing by the intruders. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), as one of most reliable pro-defensive tools, has gained significance overs few decades ago. KDD 99 dataset, based on network traffic for threat analysis, was made available to strengthen research on intrusion detection. Meanwhile, majority works that has been carried out could only apply 10% subset of the whole dataset because of computational challenge in both the analytical architecture and machine language algorithms implemented. There were also cases of bias toward the minority attacks. This paper spurs on big data analytical tool-H2O to implement Random forests classifier for IDS analysis. The KDD’99 full dataset was used. The model was built in an approximate 4 hours 5 minutes with 99.91% prediction accuracy. It suffices, therefore, that with big data analytics better IDS could be designed thereby enabling more trust in Internet for businesses and other socio-economic activities. Correspondence Johnson O.V*, Aladesote O.I & Ganiyu M Department of Computer Science The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Nigeria *Email: easywaylan@gmail.com

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The Assessment of the Broadband Services Delivery in Nigeria Afolabi Musbaudeen Olaide, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Nigeria Atoyebi Musiliyu Kunle, Olomu Michael Oluwaseun, Onifade Olabamiji John & Ajao Blessing Funke, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria The deployment of broadband for aggregate economic, social and national development is rapidly becoming one of the most important and widely discussed issues in our telecommunication industries around the world. Therefore, broadband networks and services are vital for countries’ economic growth. This study assessed users’ level of satisfaction to broadband services and investigated the factors influencing the efficient delivery of broadband services in Nigeria. The study was conducted in Lagos as it has high concentration of broadband operators and users in Nigeria. The study revealed that availability and quality of broadband service was the predominant attribute of broadband service provider that influenced user’s satisfaction, while among the various factors considered hindering the efficient delivery of broadband services, insecurity and community issues on broadband infrastructures has highest effect of mean rating of (3.96 ± 0.984). The study concluded that efficient delivery of high quality broadband services should be encouraged among the broadband operators in Nigeria. Hence, reliable and sustainable Government policies are crucial for efficient service delivery. Keywords: broadband, service providers, end users, ICT, Nigeria Correspondence Afolabi Musbaudeen Olaide National Biotechnology Development Agency, Nigeria Email: misbah.olaide@gmail.com

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Atoyebi Musiliyu Kunle Email: smo128micho@yahoo.com Olomu Michael Oluwaseun Email: emceenigeria@yahoo.com Onifade Olabamiji John banjionifade@gmail.com Ajao Blessing Funke Email: ojo_blessingf@yahoo.com National Centre for Technology Management Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria Improving Stakeholders’ Participation in Nigeria’s Democratic Process: Is Digital Democracy an Option? Abubakar, R., Emmanuel, I. & Emmanuel, O.G Federal Ministry of Science and Technology The use of technology was introduced for use as a form of data capturing during the accreditation stage of the electoral process; also, there are attempts to review the electoral act such that it would strengthen the country’s democratic process and build stakeholders’ confidence in the non-partisan role of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). Though these feats are remarkable, however, Nigerians still expect better options for improving how the process of democracy is played in Nigeria considering that electoral fraud, multiple/irregular voters’ registration, under-age voting, manipulation of result, etc are still prevalent within our democratic landscape. Having identified these gaps, there is the need to reconsider options for improving stakeholders’ engagement in democratic process. Over the years the regular methods of democracy in national and institutional

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politics and policy making process has proven to be inadequate and incompatible with current realities, this has resulted in low participation. The introduction of digital democracy in policy making and political participation has presented itself as a viable way to make the citizen not just spectators or recipients but major actors. Using the participatory democratic model, this work intends to x-ray (1) The perception and knowledge of citizens on the various venues of e-participation in voting and policy making in Nigeria (2) How social media can improve democratic engagement. This study will employ case study methodology, it will attempt to apply digital democracy to the Nigerian in terms of how it will work, the pre-requisites, role of stakeholders like the legislature, INEC, SERAP, PLAN etc adopting the strategies at least one developed, one emerging and one developing country that have successfully implemented digital democracy. The outcome of this study will be interesting as Nigeria is a country where people constantly seek avenues to freely express themselves regarding their dissatisfaction with governance without fear of intimidation. Result will be useful to policy makers and political players for opinion poll gathering and stakeholder participation at various levels, particularly the grassroots. Keywords: Digital Democracy, e-participation, election, politics Correspondence Abubakar, R., Emmanuel, I. & Emmanuel, O.G National Centre for Technology Management Federal Ministry of Science and Technology North Central Office, Abuja Email: Rufai Abubakar; rufysanctuary@gmail.com Phone: +2347032515943

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Return on Educational Investment – A Rough Set Theory on Education, Employment, and Crime in Nigeria Jamilu Awwalu, Salisu IbrahimYusuf, Usman Abubakar Idris & Buhari Kamil, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria Academic education involves factors such as the ability to read, write, pass examinations, and acquiring certificates. Also as a necessity, enough skillset manifest of the qualification on the certificate holder. These factors ought to be given high priority, but in most cases, it appears that the skill acquisition part of the education is the least prioritized while certificates acquisition appears to be the most prioritized for students hoping to secure job after study, and schools eager to graduate students. Recently some state governments in Nigeria had issues paying salaries, thus making it still hard for them to consider employing new personnel. The private sector which mostly is made of the Small to Medium-scale Enterprises (SME) value skills of their personnel as they cannot afford hiring staff that cannot meet up expectations. With so many unemployed graduates and few SMEs, and no or little return on educational investment, some of the unemployed turn to any means - including crime, to generate income. In this study, we implement rough set theory to relate impact of education and Unemployment on crime rate in Nigeria. Keywords: Rough set theory, Data Analytics, Unemployment, Crime, Education Correspondence Jamilu Awwalu, Salisu IbrahimYusuf, Usman Abubakar Idris & Buhari Kamil Baze University Abuja, Nigeria

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An Empirical Analysis of Customers’ Perceptions on Brand Innovation on e-Commerce in Nigeria Nafia Bashir Banadeen, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria Abdullahi Marshal Idris, Balami Samuel Ahmed & Adama Jummai Idris, The Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria One of the core missions of Business in Nigeria is to deliver effective service to their customers, which was vehemently facilitated by brand innovation and e-commerce as one of the strategic options employed to achieve these laudable objectives. This study therefore, examines the perception of customers towards brand innovation and e-commerce in Nigeria, to balance the string of relationship existing between the perceived missions of the business organizations with what is relatively obtainable. A random sampling techniques was used to generate the sample size of one hundred and twenty (120). Questionnaires were randomly administered to theses group with a valid response of one hundred (100). The pie chart statistic alongside percentage were used to analyze the data and the analysis of the data gathered through questionnaire administration to different categories of customers of some selected businesses in Abuja and Nasarawa metropolis reveal among others that, the application of brand innovation and e-commerce enhance sound interpersonal relationship between the workers and the customers despite the fact that insufficient power, persistent network problems, breakdown of facilities, lack of workers facilities and viral attacks among other constraints that arrest the continuous operation of brand innovation and e-commerce facilities. To freeze the attending effects of these problems, the study recommends that alternative power source and vibrant Antivirus software should be installed to reduce their consequential effects. Keywords: Brand, e-commerce, Innovation, Perception, Network, Mission, Software

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Correspondence Dr. Nafia Bashir Banadeen Department of Business Administration and Management Ahmadu Bello University Kongo Campus Zaria, Nigeria Email: nafiubashir2@gmail.com Phone: +2347035904780 Abdullahi Marshal Idris

Department of Hospitality Management The Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria Email: amidris44@gmail.com Phone: +2348035861728 Balami Samuel Ahmed Department of Marketing The Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria Email: sambaleah007@gmail.com Phone: +2348065805969 Adama Jummai Idris Department of Business Administration and Management The Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria Email: ummuhanni2015@gmail.com Phone: +2348037349764

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E-government Initiatives in Nigeria Jude, J. & Emmanuel, O. G., Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria In this era of information, as a step towards digital transformation, governments across the globe have deployed one E-government initiative or the other and Nigeria government is not an exception. Nigeria is the most populous nation in Africa and the largest black nation in the world. It has the most lucrative and fastest growing telecommunications, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry in Africa. These suggest the diversity of challenges encountered and the magnitude of resources required to efficiently govern the giant of Africa, as it is called. E-government provides transparency, accountability, and interface with citizens, access to information, and good governance, including prevention of corruption. Government at various cadres in Nigeria have commissioned different E-government projects for effective governance and service delivery amongst which are Integrated Payroll and Personnel Information (IPPIS) and Treasury Single Account (TSA). This study will consider IPPIS and TSA as E-government Initiatives of the government of Nigeria and assess the effectiveness and efficiency of these initiatives. Interview and structured questionnaire will be employed to extract views of relevant stakeholders. Results and findings from the study will be analyzed to rate the Initiatives vis-à-vis government’s objectives for embarking on them. And policy advice will be issued with respect to these initiatives for similar initiatives in the future in Nigeria or any other developing country. Keywords: E-Government, Corruption, Transparency, Accountability, Nigeria. Correspondence Jude, J. & Emmanuel, O. G. Science, Policy and Innovation Studies (SPIS) Department,

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National Centre for Technology Management, North Central Office Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria Computational Efficiency Analysis of Customer Churn Prediction Using Spark and Caret Random Forest Classifier Olashinde O., Johnson O.V. & Fakoya J.T., The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Nigeria

Today’s businesses are buying into technological advancement for productivity, profit maximization and better service delivery. Meanwhile technology as also brought about data coming in at an alarming rate in which businesses need to re-strategize how these data are being handled for them to retain ability to turn them to value. Traditional data mining techniques has proofed beyond doubt that data can be harnessed and turn into value for business growth. But the era of large scale data is posing a challenge of computational efficiency to this traditional approach. This paper therefore addresses this issue by under-studying a big data analytics tool-Spark with a data mining technique Caret. A churn Telecom dataset was used to analyse both the computational and performance metrics of the two approaches using their Random Forest (RF) classifier. The Classifier was trained with same the train set partitioning and tuning parameters. The result shows that Spark-RF is computational efficient with execution time of 50.25 secs compared to Caret-RF of 847.20 secs. Customer churning rate could be minimized if proper management attention and policy is paid to tenure (ShortTenure), Contract, InternetService and PaymentMethod as the variable importance plot and churn rate count mechanism confirm that. The Classifier accuracy was approximately 80% for both implementation. Keywords: Spark, Caret, Random Forest, Churn, accuracy

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Correspondence Olashinde O., Johnson O.V. & Fakoya J.T. Department of Computer Science The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Nigeria Email: olashindeolayemi@yahoo.com Machine Learning Algorithm Accuracy: Fitting and Optimizing Models for a Higher and Realistic Accuracy Jamilu Awwalu, Ali Garba Garba, Halima Abdu Goni & Mohammed Issa M. Al-kharusi The holdout method is a commonly used approach for computing accuracy where the given data is partitioned into independent sets, which are; training and testing sets. Evaluation of models in most cases is based on accuracy and speed. These two are key factors for classifiers in machine learning. Some researchers require the two factors to be outstanding for a model or classifier to be adopted, while others just go with one of the two as a tradeoff which in most cases is the accuracy. The drive for achieving higher accuracy by researchers in comparison to a previous study at times influence the partitioning of datasets where the training set is given excessive percentage of the data while the test set is given a minimal set thus making the split unbalanced and biased with a misleading accuracy as the outcome made of over or under fitting problems. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study, investigate and suggest best practices for fair computation of accuracy for machine learning models. Keywords: Machine Learning, Algorithms, Holdout, Data Analytics, Accuracy Correspondence

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Jamilu Awwalu, Ali Garba Garba, Halima Abdu Goni & Mohammed Issa M. Al-kharusi Baze University Abuja, Nigera

BIG Data Analytics: Towards Smart Governance in Nigeria Jamilu Awwalu, Suleiman Adamu, Ahmed Muhammad Isah & Hassan Adamu, Baze University, Abuja There are several approaches to governance, some of which involves the participation of the public as a unit of governance as customers, partners, or citizens. With tremendous advancements in Information and Telecommunication Technology (ICT) and huge data deposit on social media, Business Intelligence (BI) has become an influential and successful instrument in shaping business objectives to target customer’s needs. Opinion mining is not just applicable to businesses, but also to other areas such as politics and governance. This paper provides government administrators with insights, and suggests approaches on how they can use data analytics to involve the public through various channels of social media as partners in governance in order to minimize the excesses and wastages in government’s processes, and also help the government in making informed and resource oriented decisions. Keywords: Smart Governance, Data Analytics, Opinion Mining Correspondence Jamilu Awwalu, Suleiman Adamu, Ahmed Muhammad Isah & Hassan Adamu Baze University Abuja, Nigeria

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End-users’ choice of telecommunications service providers in Abuja metropolis, Nigeria Iroh, E. & Abubakar, R. The liberalization of the Telecommunication industry in Nigeria has made the industry amongst the most competitive in Nigeria. Customers choice of service providers has been observed to be based on certain factors, these determining factors are what the paper intends to examine. A review of literatures reveals that many studies have examined the influence of call rate, call drop, call success etc., however this work is targeted at the effect of complaint resolution and redress, foreign /local company ownership, user’s frequently dialed networks and location sensitivity on end users’ choice of telecommunication service providers. Simple random sampling would be used to select the 300 respondents. The data collection method would be by a structured questionnaire which will be analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using correlation and regression analysis as well as simple descriptive statistics. Results of this study would be beneficial to better understand consumer behaviour in telecommunication industry as well as factors that influence them in Nigeria. Keywords: Service Quality, Mobile Service Providers; Customer Choice, telecommunications. Correspondence Iroh, E. & Abubakar, R. National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM), Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, North Central Office, Abuja Email: emmanuel.iroh@gmail.com Tel.: +2348037332509

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PRESENTATION NOTES

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PRESENTATION NOTES

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PRESENTATION NOTES

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PRESENTATION NOTES

5TH Big Data Analytics and Innovation

Conference

(DATE IN 2018 & VENUE IN NIGERIA TO BE CONFIRMED

SHORTLY VIA WWW.CONFERENCE.BIGDATANIGERIA.ORG)

Thematic Sections/Tracks: Big Data, E-Governance, Public Service Delivery & ICT

Big Data, Telecommunications & National Security Big Data, Energy, Oil & Gas & Environment

Big Data, Agriculture & Food Security Big Data Analytics, Innovation & Enterprise

Big Data Analytics & Higher Education

There will be opportunities to publish papers in the Conference volume— Proceedings on Big Data Analytics & Innovation (Peer-

Reviewed), Volume 3 2018—and selected papers might be published in the associated journal of the conference—see

www.ijkie.org