4 h viral diseases
TRANSCRIPT
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Viral Diseases
4-H Veterinary Science
Extension Veterinary Medicine
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M System
http://aevm.tamu.edu
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Objectives
Describe pox diseases
List and describe common viral respiratory
diseases
Describe viral abortion diseases
Describe meningitis and encephalitis
Describe hepatitis
Describe anemia
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Background
Remember
Five infectious diseases
Bacterial
Viral
Fungal
Parasitic
Rickettsial
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Infectious disease
An illness due to a specific infectious agent or its
toxic products that arises through transmission of
that agent or its products from an infected person,animal or reservoir to a susceptible host, either
directly or indirectly
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Viruses
Viruses
An ultra-microscopic micro-organism, parasitic
within living cells and of which many can
cause disease. They consist of a strand ofnucleic acid (DNA orRNA) that contains
genetic instructions concerning viral
reproduction that is enveloped by a protein
coat Not alive nor dead, has DNA orRNA, makes
copies of itself, must be inside a living cell
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Antibiotics have no affect
Treatment is to easy symptoms
Vaccines available
Entrance of virus into cell is viral infection
Virus uses cell structures to replicate new viruses
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Animal viruses look like
Capsid Outer shell
Core Surrounds genetic material
Envelope Kind of life skin around outside of virus
Lipid bilayer (membrane)
Genetic material
Function
Make more viruses
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Harmful
Replication leads to cell death
Takes over cell function
How exit cell
Budding
Few at a time
Lysis
Cell membrane ruptures
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All living things can be affected Animals
People
Plants
Infectivity Single species
Humans smallpox
1-2 Species Influenza
Particular kind of plant Tobacco mosaic virus
Particular species of bacteria Lambda bacteriophage E.coli
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Different kinds of viruses
Double-stranded DNA
Single-stranded DNA
Double-strandedR
NA Single-strandedRNA
Retroviruses
Unique kind of single-stranded RNA virus
Can mutate
Kill virus
Make new-strain
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Infectivity
The characteristic of a disease agent that
embodies capability of entering, surviving in,
and multiplying in a susceptible host
Basically
How efficiently it invades specific animals tissues
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Specificity
Its ability to infect certain animal species and
tissues
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Symptoms Depend on tissue affected
Skin
Blood
Liver Uterus
Fetus
Brain
Lungs
Stomach Intestines
Bloodstream (viremia) Phase of the disease
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Exposure symptoms
Recent exposure
Normal incubation period
Long ago exposure
Replicate/multiply immediately
May become dormant
Recrudesces
After stressful event
After incubation period may exhibit symptoms
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General Conditions
Hepatitis
Infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) Causes
Liver inflammation
Viremia
Affects liver, kidneys, spleen and lungs Not zoonotic
Symptoms Decreased appetite
Appear depressed
Fever
Opacity of one or both corneas of their eyes (so-called Blue Eye)
one to two weeks later Respiratory signs
Eye and nose discharge
Cough
Prevention Vaccine (puppy)
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Anemia
Systemic viral disease
Transmitted Vectors
Vehicles
Symptoms Fever
Anemia
Weight loss
Abortion
Examples Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA)
Bluetongue cattle
Leukosis cattle
Malignant catarrhal fever - cattle
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Skin
Warts Definition
Fibrous tumors of the skin and occasionally the
mucous membranes
Species affected Animals
Cattle, dogs, rabbits
Humans
Transmission Direct contact
Arthropods
Symptoms
Cauliflower-type growths Head Neck
Shoulder
Mouth
Vulva
Penis
Vaccine available
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Pox Definition
Acute skin condition caused by replication ofpoxviruses in the skin
Transmission Direct transmission (through skin)
Arthropods (vectors)
Types of lesions Bumps
Blisters
Pustules
Crusts
Named after affected animals
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Fowl Pox
Fowl Pox
Swine Pox
Cow Pox
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Respiratory System
Pneumonitis; Pneumonia
Contagious infection of the lungs and causes severedamage to the lung
Causes
Hemorrhages
Edema
Emphysema
Bacteria can complicate
Symptoms
Cough
Fever
Heavy breathing
Lethargy
Decreased appetite
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Viral respiratory diseases Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)
Bovine Parainfluenza-3 (PI)
Equine Rhinopneumonitis
Equine Influenza Swine Influenza
Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough)
Canine Distemper
Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR)
Feline Calicivirus (FCV) Fowl Infectious Bronchitis
Fowl Infectious Laryngotracheitis (LT)
Fowl Influenza
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Reproductive System
Abortion
Viruses terminate pregnancy by attacking
Fetus
Embryo
Placenta
Uterus
Examples
Swine parvovirus
I
nfectious bovine rhinotracheitis (I
BR
) Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)
Swine pseudorabies
Equine rhinopneumonitis
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Nervous System
Meningitis
Definition
Inflammation of the brain covering (meninges)
Encephalitis
Definition
Inflammation of the brain tissue
Causes damage to brain tissues
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Digestive System
Gastroenteritis
Affects
Stomach
Intestines
Highly contagious
Symptoms
Vomiting
Diarrhea More severe in young
Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
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Types
Rotavirus
Coronavirus
Parvovirus Feline panleukopenia
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)
Swine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE)
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Summarize
Viral condition Affects System
Encephalitis Brain Nervous
Hepatitis Liver General
Anemia Blood General
Abortion Fetus Reproductive
Meningitis Meninges Nervous
Gastroenteritis Stomach,
intestine
Gastrointestinal
Pneumonitis Lungs Respiratory
Warts Skin Skin
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Meningoencephalitis
Symptoms
Depression
Blindness
Partial or complete paralysis
Wobbling
Seizures
Coma
Delirium
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Vaccination is important
No treatment
Types
Rabies
Equine encephalomyelitis
VEE, WEE, EEE
Canine distemper
Parvovirus
Swine pseudorabies