4. kenya gender-mainstreaming
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MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
GENDER MAINSTREAMING: STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN, 2014-2017
PRESENTATION TO WOMEN AND ENVIRONMENT FORUM
Wednesday, 4th March 2015
ICRAF HEADQUARTERS, NAIROBI.
ByDr. Alice Kaudia
Environment Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATIONOUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
1. Context: Rational for the Gender Strategy on Env & NR
2. Summary of Gender Gaps/Challenges
2. Purpose and Strategic Objectives of the Strategy & Action Plan
3. Risk Analysis/Management
4. The role of Key Stakeholders: Examples of Interventions
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
CONTEXT: CONTEXT: RATIONALE FOR THE GENDER MAINSTREAMING RATIONALE FOR THE GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY FOR ENV & NRSTRATEGY FOR ENV & NR
1. Gender Equality - the imperative for achieving Vision 2030 and fulfillment of Constitutional requirements
2. Promoting Gender Equality is part of the Government’s development Agenda permeating through all MDAs
3. The Strategy is in part of the commitment to the Africa Women Ministers and Leaders for the Environment (AFWMLE) formed in 2010 (A chapter of global Network of Women Ministers and Leaders for the Environment - NWMLE founded in 2002)
4. Overall objective of the NWMLE/AFWMLE is to advocate for gender responsive policies, programmes and strategies from global to national levels, including supporting key global conventions.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
CONTEXTCONTEXT: RATIONALE FOR THE GENDER : RATIONALE FOR THE GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY FOR EV & NRMAINSTREAMING STRATEGY FOR EV & NR
4. The Gender Mainstreaming on Environment and Natural Resources is in line with Africa Policy and Strategy on Gender and the Environment (APSGE) - A framework to implement the gender outcomes of the Rio+20 at country
level
5. It is also in line with commitments by African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN) to address gender issues particularly with respect to climate change and emerging environmental challenges
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
CONTEXTCONTEXT: RATIONALE FOR THE GENDER : RATIONALE FOR THE GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY FOR EV & NRMAINSTREAMING STRATEGY FOR EV & NR
6. The Strategy responds to:
MEW&NR National Environment Policy (2012), and
The Second Medium Term Plan 2013-2017: in particular
*Social Pillar targets: Gender, Youth & Vulnerable Groups, Environment, Water, Sanitation, Population, Urbanization and Housing; and
*Foundations: Land Reforms, National Values & Ethics, and Ending Drought Emergencies).
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
1. Document Review: International Frameworks, National legal and policy
documents, Vision 2030, Gender & Development Policy, National Environment Policy, 2nd MTP 2013-2017
2. Consultations/Interviews/Questionnaires: Gap analysis and inputs into what is needed to be done and how:
Stakeholders
Government officials/Gender Focal pointsCounty officials: CEC on Environment/Natural ResourcesUN AgenciesDonors, and CSOs.
3. Validation by stakeholders: Government, Counties, CSOs, the Private Sector, and
Development Partners.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES
Gender mainstreaming in development in general and sector specific programmes at national and devolved levels in particular still lags behind, If not happening at all. (GENDER EQUALITY NOT A PRIORITY)
Not enough is being done towards gender mainstreaming in environment and natural resources to make sure that women and men equally participate and access resources and benefits, thus actively contribute towards sustainable development as equal partners.
Women are rarely involved in negotiations for use and sharing of natural resources, and in conflict resolutions. But bear the largest burden when problems including violence and insecurity occur.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES
Currently the tree and forest cover is only slightly above 6 per cent (FAO), far less than the required thresh-hold of 10% required to support agriculture, energy, wildlife, rural livelihoods.
The National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) reports that between 2008 and 2011, drought slowed the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 2.8 per cent. The country lost Kshs 969 billion.
The livestock sector was the most affected with the largest share of damages and losses at 72 per cent. Other sectors affected were agriculture at 13 percent, water and sanitation at 9% and electricity generation at 3%.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES In Kenya 54% of rural and 63% of urban women and girls are
estimated to live below the poverty line, and are more vulnerable to effects of climate change.
Women play an important role in agricultural production, contributing up to 80% of all labor in food production and 50% in cash crop production while receiving only 7% of agricultural extension information. But Women only hold between 1-5% of land titles. And therefore have almost no access to land of their own.
Women typically receive only 10% of the credit awarded to small holder farmers and only 1% of the total amount of credit directed to agriculture .
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES SUMMARY OF GENDER GAPS/ISSUES Kenyan women work longer hours than men. In some rural
areas, water collection consumes up to 40% of a woman’s day, averaging between 3 to 5.25 hours.
A 10% increase in female family labor increases output by 2.4%, compared with only 1.5% for male family labor.
8. Gender gaps in secondary education increase by comparison to the primary level. For example in 2012, the GER of boys was at 53.2% against 46.8% for girls. There are wide disparities by regions and counties.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY ON ENVIRONMENT GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY ON ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCESAND NATURAL RESOURCES
The purpose of the strategy is to:
i.To enhance gender mainstreaming and promote equal
participation of women and men, boys and girls in protecting the
environment and natural resources.
ii.To enhance decision making and equal access to and benefits
from natural resources and economic /development
programmes and projects at national and devolved levels.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Strategic Priority - Area 1Strategic Priority - Area 1Enhance Capacities for Gender Mainstreaming and Women’s empowerment in Environment, Land Management and Exploitation of Natural Resources
3.4.1.1 Strategic Activities:
i.Conduct gender analysis and realign existing laws, policies and strategies/action plans to
effectively inform gender mainstreaming on environment and natural resources.
ii.Discuss with development partners to have Technical Assistance to support the
implementation of this Strategy and associated capacity building efforts.
iii.Undertake training and capacity needs assessments among gender focal points and
planners in line ministries, various authorities and in all counties. And develop appropriate
training and capacity strengthening programme.
iv.Develop and implement women parliamentarians'’- grassroots partnership initiate on
gender, environment and natural resources management
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Strategic Priority - Area 2Strategic Priority - Area 2Enhance and Sustain gender responsiveness in environmental Conservation, disaster risk reduction, and poverty reduction programmes / projects
3.4.2.1 Strategic Activitiesi.Conduct public education/sensitization and training on the causal linkages of gender, environment and poverty reduction at all levels
ii.Promote gender equality and mainstream environmental issues in existing economic empowerment programmes (e.g. Women Enterprise Fund, Youth Fund, & Uwezo Fund), through sensitization and training.
iii.Support innovative gender responsive projects for sustainable development, land management and conflict resolutions at county levels.iv.Develop and implement environment-related disaster-risk reduction action programs with a focus on women and children within a framework of the Integrated County Development Strategies
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Strategic Priority - Area 3Strategic Priority - Area 3
Support and strengthen gender responsive policy research, availability/use of sex/gender disaggregated data, and monitoring and evaluation system that supports gender mainstreaming in environment and natural resources.
3.4.3.1 Strategic Activities
Work with NIMES to engender the system to be responsive to environment
and natural resources issues and concerns;
Develop/enhance internal M&E system at the MEW&NR and Counties and
promote its use to track gender mainstreaming in environment and natural
resources;
Capacity build county officers and community based organization on gender
responsive M&E to track gender equality in use of natural resources and
sustainable development programmes/projects;
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Strategic Priority - Area 4Strategic Priority - Area 4
Promote partnerships, linkages and sharing of best practices (Knowledge Management) on gender mainstreaming on management and use of environment, land and other natural resources nationally, regionally and internationally.
3.4.4.1 Strategic Activities:Identify and develop partnerships with donors, development partners and the
private sector for training, capacity building, and research activities;
Set up and support coordination and linkages strategy and mechanism
Work with KEWOPA, Parliamentary Committee on Environment and Natural
Resources and Budget and Appropriations Committee to push for gender-sensitive
legislations/laws and policies, and gender responsive budgeting (GRB) at National
and County level
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Strategic Priority - Area 5Strategic Priority - Area 5
Set up /adapt financial mechanism for gender mainstreaming programmes and supporting young women and men’s innovative projects on gender mainstreaming, environment, land use, and sustainable development (Green Economy).
3.4.5.1 Strategic Activities
� Lobby for each national Government ministry and Country Governments to have a separate gender mainstreaming budget line
� Lobby and work with UN agencies, donors and the private sector to set up a fund for gender mainstreaming programmes and projects in environment, land management, poverty reduction and sustainable development (Green Economy);Set up gender responsive guidelines for access, use and reporting on the funds for gender mainstreaming on environment and natural resourcesCreate and operationalize Gender and Environment Trust Fund for competitive access to resources for enterprising gender projects at county , sub-county and lower levels.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RISK ANALYSISRISK ANALYSIS
Risk Mitigation1. Limited /Lack of adequate Funding
Resources Mobilization
2. Lack of Enforcement /Implementation
- Strengthen ability of stakeholders to enforce /implement- Use stick and carrot strategy
3. Inadequate Capacity in MDAs and Counties
Comprehensive Capacity Building /training
4. Lack of Awareness / Cooperation/ unresponsiveness by MDA and Counties
Increase sensitization effortsDevelop and implement media –based communication program
5. Lack of coordination and ineffective M&E
Enhance joint planning, implementation and M&EInclude as agenda for inter-ministerial and inter-governmental policy committees
6. Competing tasks, stress and burnout
Sensitization, support and carrot & stick strategy
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
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1. PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEE ON ENV/NR Sell the Strategy to NA and Senate and lobby for its
support; Lobby for mobilization of resources: a) Gender Responsive
Budgeting, and b) Gender Mainstreaming as a separate line item in the National and County Budgets; lobby Governors & County Assemblies.
Lobby for review and enactment of gender responsive laws and policies
Leadership in sensitization and public education on Gender, Environment & Poverty Reduction -Vision 2030.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
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2. Government / MEW&NR Establishing a strong and functional secretariat to
implement, coordinate and monitor/evaluate the actualization of the Strategy;
Allocate resources: staff and money for implementation (continuous training on gender mainstreaming in sustainable development);
Discuss/negotiate with development partners for additional resource mobilization;
Coordinating and managing sensitization and capacity building/training.
11 Feb 2013 Alice A. Kaudia 19
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
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3. UNEP and Other Strategic Partners
Lobby UNCT and donors to support the implementation of the Strategy;
Lobby donors and mobilize additional resources for implementation;
Provide technical assistance/support to the Ministry and Counties.
11 Feb 2013 Alice A. Kaudia 20
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES
STRATEGIC ACTIONS NEEDEDSTRATEGIC ACTIONS NEEDED1. MOBILIZING AND SETTING UP FUNDS FOR GENDER
MAINSTREAMING ACTIVITIES AT CONSTITUENCY LEVEL
2. LAUNCHING, SUPPORTING AND REWARDING INNOVATIVE YOUTH PROJECTS ON GENDER AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION LIKE COMMERCIALISED SEEDLINGS, TREE PLANTING, AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY [NATIONAL ACTIVITY – FROM THE GRASSROOT e.g. Conservator of the Year: Constituency, Country, Group etc.].
3. EMPOWERMENT AND INVOLVEMENT OF WOMEN IN SECURING PEACE AND SECURITY
4. EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN AND MEN (COMMUNITIES) TO EFFECTIVELY PARTICIPATE IN NEGOTIATIONS AND DEMAND TO ACCESS BENEFITS FROM THE EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES.
5. PUTTING IN PLACE JOINT M&E SYSTEM: TRACK GENDER MAINSTREAMING.