4-keratoses-and-related-disorders-of-oral-mucosa

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1/9 Keratoses and related disorders of oral mucosa II Leukoplakia: Definition: Leukoplakia = white patch WHO original definition "a white patch which can NOT be characterized clinically or histopathologically as any other disease " Definition slightly modified in 1994 to: "a predominantly white lesion of the oral mucosa that can NOT be characterized as any other definable lesion" Therefore leukoplakia is a clinical diagnosis arrived at by exclusion Leukoplakias can NOT be scrapped/wiped off It indicates NO particular histopathological change or behavior . However, a small percentage is premalignant and some may be invasive carcinomas at presentation It is impossible to predict which lesions are likely to become malignant , but certain clinical and histopathological features are recognized as being associated with an increased risk of malignancy Incidence: There's a worldwide variation from less than 1% to more than 10% Difficulties in standardization of diagnostic criteria make comparison of the prevalence in different areas somewhat difficult Marked variation in incidence, sex, site, and age groups affected occur between different cultural and ethnic groups, reflecting variations in the possible etiological factors Leukoplakias involving ventral tongue and/or Flour of the mouth (sublingual keratosis) have a higher risk of malignant transformation Previous studies in Western Europe & North America reported leukoplakia as being: - Predominant in males (since they smoke more) - Affecting older people (cumulative effect of smoking) - Affecting mostly Flour of the mouth & buccal mucosa Recent studies in the same areas indicate that: - M:F ratio is becoming almost equal - Incidence in younger adults is increasing - This possibly reflects changes in smoking habits In areas where smoking habits are common , leukoplakia is common too Clinical Features: Size small well-defined to extensive Color white, whitish-yellow, or grey

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http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/opfs/KL/65bb.html

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/opfs/KL/65bb.html

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/opfs/KL/65bb.html

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/opfs/KL/65bb.html

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http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/opfs/KL/62bb.html

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/opfs/KL/62bb.html

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Actinic keratoses =ﻦارﻘﺘﻠا ﻲﺌاﻴﻀﻠا

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