4. non verbal communication
TRANSCRIPT
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What do the following convey? Receiving applause by a large audience at the end of
inaugural address...
A pat on your back by your elders ...
A risen eyebrow on a statement during a conversation..
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Meaning A system of symbolic behaviors that includes all forms
of communication except words.
Example: body language
All the ways we convey messages and feelings without words.
It accounts for over 50% of communication , thus needs serious consideration.
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Classification of non verbal communication Kinesics: Body Language
Proxemics : Space language
Time language
Paralanguage
Sign language
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KINESICS Makes use of body movements
Gestures, Hands, palm, handshakes, Finger Movements and arm movements, postures
GESTURES
May be classified as:
1. (R)Regulators
2. (E)Emblems
3. (A)Adaptors
4. (D)Displays
5. (I)Illustrators
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Gestures
Emblems:
Direct translations of verbal message
e.g. an ok sign or thumb’s up
Regulators:
control oral communication by
alerting sender
e.g. Nodding your head to indicate
interest
Displays:
indicates emotional States
e.g. Smiles and frownsIllustrators :
Gestures that accompany our speech
and accentuate what we speak
e.g. holding three fingers when pointing
to number 3
Adaptors:
Unconscious body movements that originate from
nervous state of mind
.e.g clasping the hands to the face in fear.
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Facial expressions Face is the index of heart
Facial expressions are linked with happiness, surprise, fear, anger, sadness etc.
Face expressions continuously change during an interaction.
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Eye contact Windows to the soul
Eyes along with the eyebrows, eyelids and size of pupil convey our innermost feelings
Eyebrows and eyelids raised and combined with dilated pupil: Surprise, scared
Staring Eyes: superiority, lack of respect , threatening attitude.
Too little eye contact : dishonesty, shyness
Withdrawal of eye contact: sign of submission
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Handshakes CRUSHER hand shake: too dominating &
egoistic
DEAD FISH hand shake: lacking enthusiasm, passion, and confidence
SKIPPING hand shake: not paying enough attention & not serious about relationship or refraining it
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HANDCUFF hand shake: gain or express sympathy and fulfill personal interest.
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Postures It means different ways of standing, sitting or lying.
Posture or movements convey self confidence, interest, status etc. e.g.
Superiors usually take a more relaxed posture than subordinates.
Leaning forward depicts interest.
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Finger Movement Pointing finger: associated with authority but in a
heated argument taken in a negative sense.
The OK gesture: in this the thumb and finger join to form a zero.
In India, it means all OK
In Japan , it means money.
In France , it means zero.
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PROXEMICS
How we communicate using the space around us
Space language
Four types of Personal Space Zones:
1. Intimate Zones(0-0.5 m)
2. Personal Zone(0.5-1.2m)
3. Social Zone( 1.2-3.0 m)
4. Public Zone (3.0 & above
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Space use
People enjoying higher status in the organisation have better and more space allotted to them.
Higher people are protected within their territories which are often closed.
Surroundings Colour
Layout or design
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CHRONEMICS :TIME LANGUAGE Concept of time and its impact on people.
Amount of time devoted to something
Punctuality
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SIGN LANGUAGE Visual signs
Audio/ sound signals
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PARALANGUAGE The way in which words are said.
Includes
volume
pitch
speaking rate/ pace
pauses
non fluencies
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Volume
How loudly or softly you are speaking
Loudness or softness alters the meaning considerably.
Pitch
How high or low the sounds of your voice are
A high pitch may indicate nervousness, anxiety, anger etc. and a low pitch may mean sadness, boredom or affection
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Speaking Rate/ Pace
How fast or slow you are speaking
Increase in rate indicates urgency, anxiety or impatience
Decrease in rate can indicate thoughtfulness or a reflective attitude.
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Pauses
Pauses have to be at the right moment
Can be effective in gaining listener’s attention or in emphasizing a point.
Non- fluencies
Pauses scattered at intervals inserted with sounds and utterances like ‘ah’, ‘oh’, ‘uh’, ‘um’, ‘you know’ etc
Gives the speaker some time to think.
Too frequent non fluencies can irritate the listener.