SUSTAINABLE  OCEAN    MANAGEMENT  IN  INDONESIA:  National  Policy  Framework      

¡  Ocean  is  very  important  economically  and  ecologically    for  indonesia  since  the  fact  that  two  thirds  (2/3)  of  the  territory  is  ocean  with  17508  islands  and  coastlines  of  104.000  km.    

¡  The  fourth  most  populated  country  with  about  250  million  people  mostly  live  in  the  coastal  area.  

¡  Ocean-­‐based  economy  and  ocean-­‐related  activities  have  been  growing  and  tend  to  continue  to  develop  in  the  next  decades.    

¡  Indonesia  has  made  a  strong  commitment  to  improving  ocean  and  coastal  management  by  establishing  a  new  law:  LAW  32  of  2014  on  OCEAN  as  the  guiding  principles  and  policy  framework  in    achieving  sustainable  ocean,  coastal,  and  natural  resources  management.  

THE  OCEAN  LAW  INCLUDES:  ¡  OCEAN  JURISDICTION  (UNCLOS1982)    ¡  OCEAN  AND  NATURAL  RESOURCES  MANAGEMENT  ¡  OCEAN-­‐BASED  ECONOMIC  DEVELOPMENT  ¡  SPATIAL  OCEAN  MANAGEMENT  AND    

ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  ¡  DEFENCE,  SECURITY,  LAW  ENFORCEMENT,  AND  

SAFETY  ¡  SEA  USE  MANAGEMENT  AND  INSTITUTIONAL  

DEVELOPMENT            NOTES:  BLUE  ECONOMY  HAS  BECOME          MANDATORY  BY  LAW  (2014)—managing  ocean            sustainably  

¡  Indonesia  has  initiated  new  approaches  to    managing  the  ocean  and  coastal  zone  through  promoting  ocean  good  governance  that  includes  policy  framework  and  blue  economy  models  of  investment.  

¡  Good  Governance  of  Ocean  is  required  to  provide  appropriate  policy  frameworks  in  managing    ocean-­‐based  economy  and  ocean-­‐related  activities  with  the  principles  of  sustainability,  accountability,  integration,  decentralization,  community  participation,  partnership,  growth  with  equity,  and  justice.  

¡  Blue  Economy  Models  of  Investment  is  needed  to  promote  environmentally  friendly  investment  and  businesses,  supported  by    public  investment  on  infrastructure  and  appropriate  policies.  

   

1.   Promote  Good  Governance  of  Ocean    as  the  guiding  principle  of  policies  at  all  levels  of  authorities:  national,  provincial,  and  district  governments,  

2.   Develop  National  Ocean  Policy  Frameworks  as  the  guideline  of  policy  implementation  in  achieving  sustainable  ocean  and  other  related  ocean-­‐based  economy,      

3.   Promote  Blue  Economy  Models  of  Investment  and  Businesses,  as  a  means  of  achieving  environmentally  friendly  investment  and  business  practices.    

¡  Principles:  sustainability,  accountability,  integration,  decentralization,  community  participation,  partnership,  growth  with  equity,  and  justice.  

¡  Approach:  integrated  sea  use  management,  marine  spatial  planning,  and  ecosystem-­‐based  management  for  healthy  and  productive  ocean.  

¡  Legal  basis:  1)  Act  32  of  2014  on  Ocean  and  2)  Coastal  and  Small  Island  Management  Act  27  of  2007  that  was  recently  amended  as  Act  1  of  2014.    

1.   IMPLEMENTING  INTEGRATED  SEA  USE  MANAGEMENT:  sea  use  planning  and    marine  spatial  planning,  ocean  and  costal  natural  resources  management,  and  ocean-­‐related  activities  that  include  fisheries,  sea  transportation,  mineral  and  energy,  marine-­‐based  industry,  and  tourism.  

2.   DEVELOPING  BLUE  ECONOMY  ZONE:  integrated  ocean  and  land-­‐based  development  by  applying  ecosystem-­‐based  management,  such  as  integrated  coastal  zone  management  

 3.   PROMOTING  BLUE  ECONOMY  MODELS  OF  INVESTMENT  

AND  BUSINESSES:  environmentally  friendly  investment  based  on  the  principles  of  nature’s  efficient,  leave  nothing  to  waste,  and  social  inclusiveness.    

¡  SEA  SEA  USE  

MANAGEMENT  SEA  USE  

PLANNING  MARINE  SPATIAL  

PLANNING  

OCEAN  ZONING  MAPS  AND  REGULATIONS  

COMPREHENSIVE  MARINE  

SPATIAL  PLAN  

OTHER  MANAGEMENT  MEASURES  

PERMITS  AND  OTHER  MANAGEMENT  MEASURES  

SEA  USE  MANAGEMENT  PLAN  

SOURCE:  DOUVERE  AND  EHLER  (2008)  MODIFIED  

MULTI  USES  OF  SEA  AND    COASTAL  ZONE  

1.  THE  OCEAN  POLICY  IS  ALREADY  IN  PLACE,  BUT  STRONG  COMMITMENT  OF  THE  GOVERNMENTS  AND  OTHER  STAKEHOLDERS  IS  EXTREMELY  IMPORTANT  TO  IMPLEMENT  SUSTAINABLE  OCEAN  MANAGEMENT  

2.  INDONESIA  NEEDS  TO  MOVE  FORWARD  LIFTING  FROM  LAND-­‐BASED  DEVELOPMENT  POLICIES  TO  ARCHIPELAGO  MODEL  OF  ECONOMIC  DEVELOPMENT    

3.  AN  INTEGRATED  OCEAN  MANAGEMENT  IS  REQUIRED  TO  IMPROVE  WITH    A  MULTI  SECTORAL  APPROACH  THAT  INVOLVES  A  NUMBERS  OF  LAWS    AND  AUTHORITIES:  ON  COASTAL,  OCEAN,  AND  FISHERIES,  SEA  TRANSPORTATION,  MINERAL    AND  ENERGY,  TOURISM,  AND  DEFENCE  

4.  THE  INTEGRATION  OF  NATIONAL  AND  PROVINCIAL  POLICIES  ON  COASTAL  AND  OCEAN  MANAGEMENT  STILL  NEEDS  TO  IMPROVE  BY  ESTABLISHING  A  COMMON  GROUND  AND  MUTUAL  INTERESTS  AT  ALL  LEVEL  OF  AUTHORITIES,  

¡  STRENGTHEN  INTERNATIONAL  COOPERATION  TO  PROMOTE  BLUE  ECONOMY  (POLICY  INITIATIVES,  AND  PILOT  PROJECTS)  

¡  ESTABLISH  AN  INTENATIONAL  GUIDELINE  TO  SUSTAINABLE  OCEAN  MANAGEMENT  

¡  INFORMATION  AND  EXPERT  EXCHANGE  ¡  RESEARCH,  TECHNOLOGY,  AND  HUMAN  RESOURCES  DEVELOPMENT  

01.  Marine  Industry  

02.  Salt  Field  

03.  Captured  Fishery  

04.  Farming  

05.  Lifestock  

06.  Eco-­‐tourism  

07.  Water  Tourism  

08.  Tourism  Accomodation  

09.  Energy  and  water  

10.  Research    7  Development  

11.  Culinary  

12.  Marine  Culture  

13.  Marine  Conservation  

14.  Infrastructure  

15.  Surveillance  

01  01  

02  

04  04  

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07   08  

12  

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Bumbang    Bay  

Source:  MMAF  

COSTAL ECONOMY CONNECTIVITY MODEL (CENTRAL AND EAST LOMBOK ISLAND)

Source:  MMAF  

Nursery  Ground  Shrimp  

Nature  

Shrimp  

Mangrove  

Leafs  

Animal:  Goats  

Waste  

Fertilizer  

 Policulture:  Milk  Fish  

and    sea  weed    

Fresh  Fish  

Silvofishery  

Integrated  Fish  and  Rice  Field  

Fish   Rice  

High  Quality  rice  

Waste  

Animal  Feed  

Policulture  of  Shrimp  &Sea  weed  

Shrimp  

Fresh  Shrimp  

Sea  weed  

Dried  Sea  weed  

Foods,  Pharmacy,  textile,  and  

others    

Animal  Feed  

Restaurants  and  

consummers  

Waste  

INTERGRATED  AQUACULTURE    (BLUE  ECONOMY  MODEL)  

Eco  Tourism  

Duck  farming  

MARINE  RESOURCES  

FRESH  FISH  BM  =  5%  Kapasitas  

8.028.800  ton  

Gracilaria  sp  Gelidium  sp  Prod:  28.500T  

Eucheuma  sp  Prod:  10.500T  Eucheuma  cott  Prod:  93.500T  

Sargasum  sp  Turbinaria  sp  

SEA  WEED  BM  =  5%  

Fish  Meat  

Lever  

Fins  

Head  

Silase  

Skin  

Bone  

Canned  Fish*  BM  =  10%  

Kap:  415.000T  Frozen  Fish  BM  =  15%  

Kap:  1.541.729T  Fish  mill  BM  =  5%  

Kap:  176.245T  Fish  Oil  BM  =  5%  Kap:  Food  

Fish  Mill  BM  =  0%  

Kap:  176.245T  Animal  Feed  

Material  for  Acessories  Gelatin  

Art  

Kitchen  Oil  

Pharmacy  

Animal  Feed  

Acessories  

Pharmacy  Emulsifier  

Artificial  Teeth  Shampoo  

Soap  

Pharmacy  Animal  Feed  

Drilling  material  

Paint  

Textile  Paper  

Ceramic  

Soft  Drink  Ice  Cream  

Cocolate  milk  

Bread  

Jam  

Photography  Paper  

Pharmacy  Cosmetic  

Water  treatment  Additive  material  for  high  grade  

woods  

JELLY  BM  =  5%  

Kap:  23.127T  

Karaginan  BM  =  5%  

Kap:  8.400T  

Alginat  BM  =  5%  

FRESH  SHRIMP  BM  =  5%  Kap:+/-­‐4700.000T  

CANNED  SHRIMP  BM  =  5%  

Kap:  415.000T  

FROZEN  SHRIMP  BM  =  5%  

Kap:  1.587.981T  

SHRIMP  SNACK  BM  =  5%  

SHRIMP  MEAT  BM  =  5%  

WASTE  

Pharmacy  Grade  

Industrial  Grade  

Food  Grade  

Chitin  

Chitosan  

BLUE  ECONOMY:  BLUE  OCEAN,  BLUE  SKY,  AND  BLUE  GROWTH