40298985 industries main (1)

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

1/22

INDUSTRIES

To learn about significance of INDUSTRIES.

To learn about localisation of INDUSTRIES.

To learn about various types of INDUSTRIES.

To understand the role of INDUSTRIES in Indian economy.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

2/22

MANUFACTURING

The basic principle of manufacturing is to

produce more material in a short duration.

So, machines were used in manufacturing.

The conversion of raw materials into more

useful and valuable fabricated articles with

the help of machines is calledmanufacturing.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

3/22

Classificationof Industries

Size

Large scale

Small scale

Cottageindustries

Raw material

Agro based

Mineralbased

Forest based

Marinebased

End product

Basic

industries

Intermediategoods

Consumergoods

Ownership

Private

sector

Public sector

Joint sector

Cooperativesector

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

4/22

Classification of Industries maps for industires.pptx

Size

Large scale huge capital, more labour, more power, RM inhouseas well as imported, distributed all over the country, highly

specialised. Eg. iron and steel, textiles, transport equipment,cement etc.

Small scale some labour, power driven, important for developingcountries, provides employment to a large section of society. Eg.

textiles, toys, leather goods, furniture, electronics etc.

Cottage industries household industries where craftsmen makegoods ; little capital, local labour, local RM, simple tools. Eg.

Pottery, baskets, textiles, jewellary, decorative items, papad, jellyand jams, pickles etc.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

5/22


Raw material

Agro based RM from agriculture. Eg. Cotton, jute,sugar, food processing etc

Mineral based R

Mfrom rocks and minerals. Eg. Ironand steel, aluminium, cement, etc

Forest based RM from forest. Eg. Paper, furniture,etc .

Marine based RM from aquatic life. Eg. Fishprocessing, medicines etc.

Pastoral based RM from animals. Eg. Leather goods,wollen textiles, processed meat, diary products etc

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

6/22


End product

Basic industries finished products are used as a RM forother industries. Eg. Iron and steel for machines, tools,

railway coaches etc

Intermediate goods finished goods used as components tomanufacture other products. Eg. Tyres, packaging materials,

machine parts etc.

Consumer goods finished products are directly use byconsumers. Eg. Sugar, paper, cosmetics, automobiles

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

7/22


Ownership

Private sector owned and managed by individual or groupof individuals. Eg. Tata Iron and Steel, Reliance Industires,

Aditya Birla Group etc.

Public sector owned and managed by the Central or Stategovernment. Eg. SAIL (Steel Authority of India), Bharat Heavy

Industries etc.

Joint sector owned and managed by private and govtagencies. Eg. Oil India Limited, Gujarat Alkalies etc

Cooperative sector owned and managed by a group ofpeople forming own cooperatives which are generally RM.

Eg. Dairy cooperatives, sugar, handloom etc.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

8/22

Factors affecting location of

an Industry

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

9/22

Raw material

Available in adequate quantities

Where the RM is bulky and perishable

Eg. Sugar industries are situated where

sugarcane is grown as it dries up if

transported through long distances;

iron and steel and cement near minesas bulky

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

10/22

Power Power is the basic necessity to run

machinery. Should be adequate,

continuous and economical Hence the location of some industries

are near hydro power or thermal power.

Examples : aluminum industries arelocated near the source of power as they

consume large amount of power.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

11/22

Labour

Labour should be continuous, adequate and

economical

Unskilled labour is cheap and available locally in

densely populated areas

Skills labour/ Professional labour can be got from

outside

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

12/22

Transport

If the raw materials and finished goods are

bulky and heavy then the transport will cost

very high.

So that industries like oil industries and

refineries are located near ports and railway

stations.

Thus becoming major industrial centres:

Mumbai and Kolkata in India; Osaka in Japan;

Chicago in USA

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

13/22

Market

It is essential for quick disposal for

manufactured goods.

Most of the industries are located near big

cities where the consumers determine the size

of the market.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

14/22

Government policies

Governments may provide added incentives

facilities like power banking transport or even

tax concessions.

The enthusiasm and the interests shown by

the southern states attract the software

industries.

Setting up of Special Economic Zones(SEZs) for

development of backward regions

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

15/22

Water

Industries which require more water

Eg iron and steel, paper, textiles

Land

Large areas for big industries

Flat, level land, flood prone

Thus max in plains

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

16/22

Communication

Availability of a good transport network,

roads, railways and airports is very important

to modern industries.

They wish to receive their components quickly

and despatch the finished goods to market

with the greatest speed.

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

17/22

Industry as a system

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

18/22

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

19/22

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

20/22

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

21/22

8/8/2019 40298985 Industries Main (1)

22/22

40298985 industries main (1)

Documents