40g dissolved 20 g undissolved dissociation solutions suspensions colloids
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SOLUTIONS REVIEW
How much of the solute will dissolve and how much will remain undissolved at the bottom of
the test tube?60g of NaCl in 100g of water at 60ºc
40g dissolved
20 g undissolv
ed
Suppose you were making a salt water solution. Sodium ions and chloride ions are separating from one another. What is this called?
Dissociation
What are the 3 different types of mixtures?
Solutions
Suspensions
Colloids
Describe how stirring increases the rate of dissolving of a solute.
Allows continual contact between solute & solvent
What type of mixture are colloids classified as?
Heterogeneous
___________ is a homogeneous mixture
Solutions
What is an example of a colloid?
Aerosols
Foams
Emulsions
Gels/Sols
Explain why a beaker of NaCl crystals cannot conduct an
electrical current. Be specific.
Ions are not dissociated and the ions are not
mobile since the are not in a solution
________ is the substance that does the dissolving in
a solution
Solvent
_______ is a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts
electric current
Electrolyte
What are the 3 factors that can increase the
solution rate?
Heating
Stirring
Grinding
Describe how heating increases the rate of dissolving of a solute.
Increases the kinetic energy so molecules are moving faster so more collisions between the
solute & solvent
Determine what type of mixture a substance is by
the following observation : particles are scattered by light
Colloid
At 100°C, 70g of NaCl is dissolved in 100g of water. Is this solution
saturated or unsaturated?
Saturated
What is solution equilibrium?
State where the solute is dissolving at the same rate that the solute is coming out of solution
(crystallizing).
_____ is the quantity of solute that will dissolve
in specific amount of solvent at a certain
temperature.
Solubility
Describe how grinding a solute increases the rate of dissolving.
Creates more of a surface area on the solute, so
more collisions between solute & solvent will occur
Suppose you were making a salt water solution. Sodium ions and
chloride ions are each being surrounded by water molecules.
What is this called?
Solvation
_____ is a stable solution in which the maximum amount of solute has
been dissolved
Saturated Solution
What helps to prevent colloid particles from
settling out of a mixture?
Brownian Motion
Explain why a beaker of NaCl water can conduct an electrical
current. Be specific.
Ions are dissociated and the ions are mobile
Determine what type of mixture A substance is by
the following observation : particles can be separated by filtration
Suspension
_____ is the visible pattern caused by the reflection of light from suspended
particles in a colloid
Tyndall Effect
What is visual evidence that a solution would be
saturated?
Undissolved solute would be present at the bottom
of the container
_____ is the substance that gets dissolved in a
solution
Solute
____ is a solution that contains less solute than
a saturated solution under existing conditions
Unsaturated
____ is a mixture that is uniform in composition
Homogeneous
At 100°C, 10g of NaCl is dissolved in 100g of water. Is this solution
saturated or unsaturated?
Unsaturated
What is considered the “universal solvent”?
water
What are 3 factors that affect solubility?
Nature of solutes/solvents
Temperature
Pressure
How many grams of potassium bromide can be dissolved in 100g of water at 80°C?
98g
Explain the rule, “Like Dissolves Like”.
rule of thumb for predicting whether or not one substance dissolves
in anotherEx: Polar solutes will dissolve in
polar solvents
____ is a colloid where solids and liquids
dispersed in gases (fog)
Aerosols
Describe the 3 steps in the dissolving process.
Solute-solute attraction is broken up; requires
energy
Solvent-solvent attraction is broken up;
requires energy
Solute-solvent attraction is formed; releases enerty
_____ is a mixture in which the particles are so large
that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or
agitatedsuspension
What is an example of a suspension?
Oil and water
Dirt and water
_____ is a mixture consisting of particles
that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and those in
suspensionsColloid
What type of mixture are suspensions classified as?
Heterogeneous
____is the random continuous motions of
colloidal particles
Brownian Motion
_______ is a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that DOES NOT conduct electric current
Nonelectrolyte
What is an example of the tyndall effect?
Visibility of headbeams on a foggy night
Which salt is least soluble at 60 °C?
NaCl
_____ is a solution that temporarily contains more
than the saturation amount of solute than the solvent can hold (unstable)
Supersaturated
Which salt is MOST soluble at 20 °C?
NaClO3
What is an example of a solution?
Food coloring and water
____ is a colloid where gases dispersed in liquids
(Ex: whipped cream)
Foam
_____ is the separation of ions from each other in a
solutionDissociation
What is the molarity formula?
(besides M1V1 = M2V2)
Molarity = Moles of Solute
Liters of Solution
Explain why a sugar solution cannot conduct an electrical current. Be
specific.
No charged particles are present and they are not
mobile
____ is a mixture that is NOT uniform in composition
Heterogeneous