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4.1 INTRODUCTION

The performance of the ports at Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore

has been examined with the help of a few performance indicators. The

performance indicators included in the present study are cargo traffics

related to import and export, container traffic related to import and

export, container traffic of import and export in Twenty feet Equivalent

Unit (TEU), Petroleum Oil Lubricant (POL) crude and its product

traffic, iron ore traffic, finished fertilizer traffic, raw material fertilizer

traffic, thermal coal traffic, cooking coal traffic, other commodities

traffic, total goods traffic, vessel traffic with dry bulk, liquid bulk,

break bulk, vessel traffic with container and storage facilities.

The mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the

above said performance indicators have been computed from the

relevant data during the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09. The annual

and compound growth rate of performance indicators have been

analyzed with the help of linear and exponential function respectively.

The results are discussed in this chapter.

4.2 CARGO TRAFFICS REGARDING IMPORT

The import and export performance at the three major ports has

been examined with the help of various performance indicators. One

of the indicators is cargo traffic. The cargo traffic details regarding the

import of goods at Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore ports have been

collected for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09. The mean, standard

120

deviation, coefficient of variation, annual and compound growth rate

of cargo traffic have been computed with the data from 2001-2002 to

2008-2009. The results are presented in Table 4.1.

Table: 4.1

Cargo traffic of import in three major ports

Sl.No. Particulars

Port name

Chennai Tuticorin Ennore

1 Mean 24452 10785 8183

2 Standard deviation 3168 1039 1145

3 Coefficient of variation (in per cent)

12.96 9.63 13.99

4 Annual growth rate 0.1834* 0.1306* 0.0817

5 Compound Growth rate (in per cent)

12.3642 10.3651 3.6973

F – Statistics: 6.3458*

*Significant at five per cent level. The mean of cargo traffic per year during the study period, at

Chennai port is 24452 whereas in Tuticorin and Ennore, these are

10785 and 8183 respectively. Lesser coefficient of variation in cargo

traffic of import is identified in the case of Tuticorin port since its

coefficient of variation is 9.63 per cent. The significant annual growth

rate in cargo traffic of import is identified in Chennai and Tuticorin

ports since their respective annual growth rates are significant at five

per cent level. The higher compound growth rate of 12.3642 per cent

is noticed in Chennai port, followed by Tuticorin port. The significant

121

‘F’ statistics reveals that there is a significant difference among the

three ports in their cargo traffic of import of materials.

4.3 CARGO TRAFFIC REGARDING EXPORT

The information related to cargo traffic regarding export from

the three ports namely Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore have been

collected from the respective ports especially during the period from

2001-2002 to 2008-2009. The mean, standard deviation and

coefficient of variation of cargo traffic involved in export have been

computed to analyze the performance of the three ports. The annual

growth rate of cargo traffic of export is computed with the help of

linear equation whereas the compound growth rate is computed by

the exponential function. The results are presented in Table 4.2.

Table: 4.2

Cargo traffic of export in the three major ports

Sl.No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 18741 3708 406



7.30 11.29 16.51

4 Annual growth rate 0.2062* 0.1418* 0.1333*


14.3451 9.3673 10.2451

F – Statistics: 5.4084*

*Significant at five per cent level

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The mean of the cargo traffic of export is identified as higher in

Chennai and Tuticorin ports since their respective mean scores are

18741 and 3708. The higher consistency in the cargo traffic is 7.30

per cent. The significant annual growth rate of cargo traffic of export is

identified in all the three major ports since their annual growth rates

are significant at five per cent level. The higher annual and compound

growth rates are seen in Chennai Port since these two growth rates

are 0.2062 and 14.3451 per cent respectively. The significant ‘F’

statistics reveal that there is a significant difference among the three

major ports regarding their cargo traffic of export.

4.4 CARGO TRAFFIC OF TRANS-SHIPMENT

The cargo traffic of trans-shipment for the period from 2001-02

to 2008-09 has collected from the records of the port offices. The cargo

traffic of trans-shipment is seen in Chennai only whereas there is no

cargo traffic of trans-shipment at Tuticorin and Ennore ports. The

performance of cargo traffic of trans-shipment has been analysed with

the help of mean score, annual and compound growth grate. The

results are presented in Table 4.3.

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Table: 4. 3

Cargo traffic of trans-shipment in the three major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 819 - -

2 Standard deviation 137 - -


16.73 - -

4 Annual growth rate -0.2408* - -


Negative - -

The mean of cargo traffic of trans-shipment during the study

period is 819 with the coefficient of variation of 16.73 per cent. The

annual growth rate of cargo traffic of trans-shipment is in negative

whereas it is significant at five per cent level. The analysis reveals that

there is a significant fall in the cargo traffic of trans-shipment during

the study period. The compound growth rate is identified as negative.

It reveals that there is a significant decline in the cargo traffic of trans-

shipment during the study period.

4.5 CONTAINER TRAFFIC OF IMPORT

The container traffic at the three major ports have been

included as one of the important indicators of the export and import of

the major ports in Tamilnadu. The information regarding container

traffic import for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09 has been

collected from the port offices. The mean, standard deviation,

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coefficient of variation, annual and compound growth rate of container

traffic of import have been computed. The ‘t’ test has been

administered to find out the significant difference among the Chennai

and Tuticorin ports regarding container traffic since there is no

container traffic of import at Ennore port during the study period. The

results are given in Table 4.4.

Table: 4.4

Container traffic of import in major ports

Sl. No. Particular Port name


1 Mean 5125 1188 -

2 Standard deviation 697 433 -


13.60 36.45 -

4 Annual growth rate 0.1529* 0.2399* -


13.34 26.38 -

t – Statistics 3.0673*

*Significant at five per cent level. The mean of the container traffic of import at Chennai is 5125

whereas in Tuticorin, it is only 1188. The highest consistency in

container traffic is seen in Chennai since its coefficient of variation is

13.60 per cent. The annual growth rate of container traffic is identified

as higher in Tuticorin since its annual growth rate is 0.2399

compared to 0.1529 at Chennai. Regarding the container traffic of

import, there is a significant difference among Chennai and Tuticorin

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ports since the ‘t’ statistics are significant at five per cent level. There

is no container traffic of import at Ennore port.

4.6 CONTAINER TRAFFIC OF EXPORT

The container traffic of export at the three major ports namely

Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-

09 have been examined to exhibit the export and import performance

at these ports. The relevant data have been collected from the port

authorities. There is no container traffic of export at Ennore. The

mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of container

traffic of export have been computed. The ‘t’ test has been

administered to find out the significant difference between Chennai

and Tuticorin ports regarding their container traffic of export. The


Table: 4.5

Container traffic of export in the major ports



1 Mean 4721 1785 -



21.48 31.54 -



16.6917 27.3403 -


*Significant at five per cent level.

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The highest container traffic of export is seen at Chennai port

since its mean is 4721, followed by Tuticorin port with the mean of

1785. The highest consistency is container traffic of export is

identified in Chennai port since its coefficient of variation is 21.48 per

cent. The significant positive annual growth rate is identified at both

Chennai and Tuticorin ports. The compound growth rate at Chennai

and Tuticorin are 16.69 and 27.34 per cent respectively. Both the

annual and compound growth rate of container traffic of export is

higher at Tuticorin port than in Chennai port. Regarding the container

traffic of export, there is a significant difference among the Chennai

and Tuticorin ports since the ‘t’ statistics are significant at five per

cent level.

4.7 CONTAINER TRAFFIC OF TOTAL IMPORT AND EXPORT

The container traffic of both import and export has been

analysed to find out the export and import performance at the three

major ports. The mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation

in container traffic have been computed. The annual and growth rate

of container traffic are calculated with the help of linear and

exponential function. The ‘t’ test has been used to find out the

significant difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports and the

results are given in Table 4.6. There is no container traffic of total

import and export at Ennore port and hence it is not included in this

analysis.

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Table: 4.6

Container traffic of total import and export at the major ports

Sl.No Particular Port name


1 Mean 9846 2973 -



20.83 30.47 -



14.91 27.0149 -


*Significant at five per cent level. Table 4.6 shows the results of the ‘t’ test for total container

traffic on the import and export at Chennai and Tuticorin ports. The

highest mean of container traffic is noticed in Chennai since its mean

score is 9846 whereas for Tuticorin port, it is 2974. The highest

consistency in container traffic is identified in the case of Chennai

port since its coefficient of variation is 20.83 per cent. The significant

annual growth rate is identified in both the ports though it is higher at

Tuticorin port. The higher compound growth rate of 27.01 per cent is

identified in Tuticorin port. Regarding the container traffic, there is a

significant difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports since the

‘t’ statistics are significant at five per cent level. It reveals that the

performance of Chennai port is greater than the Tuticorin port

regarding the total container traffic.

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4.8 CONTAINER TRAFFIC OF IMPORT IN TEU

The container traffic of import in TEU at the three important

ports has been examined to exhibit the import and export

performance at the ports. The relevant details from 2001-02 to 2008-

09 have been collected from the port authorities. The mean, standard

deviation and coefficient of variation of container traffic of import in

TEU have been computed separately. The annual and compound

growth rate of container traffic of import in TEU has been computed

with the help of linear and exponential function. Since there is no

container traffic of import in TEU at Ennore port, the significant

difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports has been examined

with the help of ‘t’ test. The results are presented in Table 4.7.

Table: 4.7

Container traffic of import in TEU at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 316 137 -



32.59 3.06 -



14.089 11.1732 -



129

The mean of container traffic of import in TEU at Chennai port

is 316 whereas at Tuticorin port, it is 137. The higher fluctuations in

the container traffic of import in TEU has been identified at Chennai

port since the coefficient of variation is found to be varying from 32.59

per cent. The significant annual growth rates are identified at both the

ports. The compound growth rates are 14.09 and 11.17 per cent

respectively. Regarding the container traffic of import in TEU, there is

a significant difference at both Chennai and Tuticorin ports since the

‘t’ statistics are significant at five per cent level. There is no container

traffic of import in TEU at Ennore port during the study period and

hence it is not included in this analysis.

4.9 CONTAINER TRAFFIC OF EXPORTS IN TEU

The information regarding container traffic of exports in TEU at

the major ports namely Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore have been

collected from the relevant authorities. As there is no container traffic

in Ennore. The container traffic of exports in TEU at Chennai and

Tuticorin from 2001-02 to 2008-09 alone have been collected. In order

to analyze the export and import performance at these two ports, the

mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and growth rates

have been computed. The results are presented in Table 4.8.

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Table: 4.8

Container traffic of exports in TEU in major ports

Sl. No Particular

Port name


1 Mean 287 144 -



31.01 47.92 -



16.0944 10.2452 -


The highest container traffic is seen in Chennai port since its

mean is 287 whereas at Tuticorin, it is only 144. The significant

annual growth rates are identified at both the ports since their annual

growth rates are significant at five per cent level. The compound

growth rate of container traffic of export in TEU at these two ports viz

Chennai and Tuticorin are 16.09 and 10.25 per cent respectively. The

significant difference among the two ports has been noticed in the

container traffic of exports in TEU since the ‘t’ statistics are significant

at five per cent level.

4.10 CONTAINER TRAFFIC OF BOTH IMPORT AND EXPORT IN TEU

The container traffic of both export and imports in TEU have

been examined separately to exhibit the export and import

performance at the three important ports in Tamilnadu. Since there is

131

no container traffic at Ennore, the relevant details have been collected

for Chennai and Tuticorin ports only. The mean, standard deviation,

coefficient of variation and growth rates have been computed at the

two different ports separately. The results are shown in Table 4.9.

Table: 4.9

Container traffic of total imports and exports in TEU at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 603 281 -



19.43 27.14 -

4 Annual growth rate 0.1409* 0.1603 -


13.17 18.79 -

t – Statistics 2.9796*.

The mean of container traffic at Chennai port is 603 which is

higher than that at Tuticorin port with the mean of 281. The highest

consistency in container traffic has been seen at Chennai port since

its coefficient of variation is 19.43 per cent. The significant annual

growth rates are identified at the two ports since their respective

growth rates are significant at five per cent level. The compound

growth rates are 13.17 and 18.79 per cent respectively. Regarding the

container traffic for both export and import, there is a significant

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difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports since the ‘t’

statistics are significant at five per cent level.

4.11 POL CRUDE AND PRODUCT TRAFFIC

The important product imported by the country is POL crude

and product. The quantum of POL crude and product at major ports

namely Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore has been examined to exhibit

the export and import performance of the ports. The relevant data

from 2001-02 to 2008-09 have been collected from the port

authorities. The mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and

growth rate of the import of POL crude and product have been

computed for the three ports separately. The results are given in

Table 4.10.

Table: 4.10

POL crude and product traffic at major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 9767 582 244



16.58 24.74 25.82



17.36 12.97 18.03

F – Statistics 6.0842*


133

The mean of import of POL crude and product traffic is

identified to be higher in Chennai port since its mean is 9767 tonnes

followed by Tuticorin port with the mean of 582 tonnes. The higher

consistency in POL crude and product traffic is identified at Chennai

port since its coefficient of variation is 16.58 per cent. Though the

annual growth of POL crude and product traffic is identified as

significant at all the three ports it is higher in Chennai port. The

compound growth rate of POL crude and product traffic at Chennai,

Tuticorin and Ennore ports are 17.36, 12.97 and 18.03 per cent

respectively. Regarding the POL crude and product traffic, there is a

significant difference among the three ports since the ‘F’ statistics are

significant at five per cent level.

4.12 IRON ORE TRAFFIC AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The iron ore is an important product in international trade. The

information regarding iron ore handled by the major ports namely

Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore have been collected from the relevant

port authorities for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09. The mean,

standard deviation and coefficient of variation of iron ore traffic during

the study period have been computed separately. The annual and

compound growth rates are computed with the help of linear and

exponential functions. The results are given in Table 4.11.

134

Table: 4.11

Iron ore traffic at major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 8619 22 1216



15.13 27.27 38.57



8.9173 5.9269 13.0884



The higher iron ore traffic is noticed in Chennai and Ennore

ports since their mean scores are 8619 and 1216 thousands tonnes

respectively. The higher consistency in iron ore traffic is identified at

Chennai port since its coefficient of variation is 15.13 per cent and low

consistency is seen in Ennore since its coefficient of variation is 38.57

per cent. Though the significant annual growth rate of iron ore traffic

is noticed in all the three ports, it is higher in Ennore port since its

annual growth rate is 0.2396. The higher compound growth rate of

iron ore traffic is noticed at Ennore port since its compound growth

rate is 13.09 per cent. Regarding the iron ore traffic, there is a

significant difference among the three ports since the ‘F’ statistics are


135

4.13 FINISHED FERTILIZER TRAFFIC AT MAJOR PORTS

The finished fertilizer traffic at Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore

has been examined to analyse the import and export performance at

these ports. The relevant data from 2001-02 to 2008-09 have been

collected from the relevant port authorities. The mean, standard

deviation, coefficient of variation and growth rate of finished fertilizer

traffic have been computed separately. The t-test has been

administered to find out the significant difference between Chennai

and Tuticorin ports since there is no traffic of finished fertilizer at

Ennore port.

Table: 4.12

Finished fertilizer traffic at major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 1040.75 438 -

2 Standard deviation 82.28 41.67 -


7.91 9.52 -



9.1763 13.1818 -



Table 4.12 shows the mean, standard deviation and growth rate

of finished fertilizer traffic at Chennai and Tuticorin ports. The

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finished fertilizer traffic is identified to be higher at Chennai port since

its mean is 1040.75 thousand tonnes whereas it is only 438 thousand

tonnes at Tuticorin port. The significant annual growth rate of

finished fertilizer traffic is identified in Chennai and Tuticorin ports.

The compound growth rates are 9.18 and 13.18 per cent respectively.

Regarding the finished fertilizer traffic, there is a significant difference

among Chennai and Tuticorin ports since the ‘t’ statistics are


4.14 RAW MATERIAL FERTILIZER TRAFFIC AT PORTS

The information regarding raw material fertilizer traffic at the

Chennai and Tuticorin ports during the period of study have been

collected from the relevant port authorities. Since there is no raw

material fertilizer traffic at Ennore port, the present study has

included only Chennai and Tuticorin ports for the analysis. The mean,

standard deviation and coefficient of variation of raw material fertilizer

traffic have been computed along with annual and compound growth

rates. The results are given in Table 4.13.

137

Table: 4.13

Raw material fertilizer traffic at major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 328 642 -



28.66 28.97 -

4 Annual growth rate -0.0668 0.0568 -


Negative 3.1773 -

t – Statistics -4.7865*


The mean of raw material fertilizer traffic is identified to be

higher in Chennai port since its mean score is 328 thousand tonnes

compared to 642 thousands tonnes at Tuticorin port. The annual

growth rate of raw material fertilizer traffic at Tuticorin is positive, but

it is not statistically significant. The compound growth rate of raw

material fertilizer in Tuticorin port is 3.1773 per cent. The significant

difference between the Chennai and Tuticorin ports is identified in the

raw material fertilizer traffic since the ‘t’ statistics are significant at

five per cent level. The traffic of raw material fertilizer is identified to

be higher in Tuticorin port.

138

4.15 THERMAL COAL TRAFFIC AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The thermal coal traffic at the major ports has been included as

one of the important performance indicators of the three major ports

selected for the present study. The relevant data on thermal coal

traffic for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09 have been collected and

the annual and compound growth rate at the three major ports have

been computed with the help of linear and exponential function. The

one way analysis of variance has been executed to find out the

significant difference among the three major ports regarding their

thermal coal traffic.

Table: 4.14

Thermal coal traffic at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 4061 5539 8246



49.10 12.75 19.86

4 Annual growth rate -0.2844* 0.568 0.0817


Negative 2.7127 5.8658


*Significant at five per cent level. Table 4.14 shows the mean and standard deviation of thermal

coal traffic at Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore ports. The highest traffic

139

is identified at Ennore port since its mean score is 8246 thousand

tonnes, followed by Tuticorin Port with the mean of 5539 thousand

tonnes. The higher consistency in the traffic has been identified at

Tuticorin port. There is no significant annual growth of thermal coal

traffic in Tuticorin and Ennore ports. Negative annual growth rate is

seen at Chennai port. Regarding the thermal coal traffic, there is a

significant difference among the three major ports since their

respective ‘F’ statistics are significant at five per cent level.

4.16 COOKING COAL TRAFFIC AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The traffic of cooking coal at Tuticorin and Ennore ports is nil

during the study period. Hence, the present study reveals only the

performance of Chennai port regarding the traffic of cooking coal. The

mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation in cooking coal

traffic have been computed. The annual and compound growth rate of

cooking coal traffic have been computed with the help of linear and

exponential functions respectively. The results are presented in

Table 4.15.

140

Table: 4.15

Cooking coal traffic at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 1154 - -

2 Standard deviation 297 - -


25.73 - -

4 Annual growth rate 0.2142* - -


26.93 - -


The mean of cooking coal traffic during the study period at

Chennai port is 1154 thousand tonnes whereas its coefficient of

variation is 25.73 per cent. The annual growth rate of cooking coal

traffic at this port during the study period is 0.2142 which is

significant at five per cent level. The compound growth rate is 26.93

per cent. These results indicate the continuous growth of cooking coal

traffic at Chennai port.

4.17 OTHER COMMODITIES TRAFFIC AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The other commodities traffic at Chennai and Tuticorin ports

has been examined with the help of the data collected from the port

authorities. Since there is no traffic of other commodities at Ennore

port, it is excluded from the analysis. The mean, standard deviation,

coefficient of variation and growth rates of other commodities traffic

141

have been computed. The ‘t’ test has been executed to find out the

significant difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports

regarding the other commodities traffic. The results are given in

Table 4.16.

Table: 4.16

Other commodities traffic at the major ports

Sl.No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 7777 5255 -



23.94 17.91 -



13.6045 6.7361 -


*Significant at five per cent level. Regarding the other commodities traffic, there is a significant

difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports since its ‘t’

statistics is significant at five per cent level. The highest other

commodities traffic is noticed at Chennai port since its mean score is

7777 thousand tonnes whereas at Tuticorin port it is only 5255

tonnes. The higher significant annual growth rate of other

commodities traffic is seen at Chennai port since its annual growth

142

rate is 0.2661. The compound growth rate at Chennai and Tuticorin

are 13.60 and 6.74 per cent respectively.

4.18 TOTAL GOODS TRAFFIC AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The total goods traffic at Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore has

been examined to analyze the import and export performance of the

ports. The data related to total goods traffic for the period from 2001-

02 to 2008-09 have been collected and processed with the help of

mean and coefficient of variation. The annual and compound growth

rates have been computed. The one way analysis of variance has been

executed to find out the significant difference among the three ports

regarding total goods traffic. The results are given in Table 4.17.

Table: 4.17

Total goods traffic at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean (in 000s tonnes) 44179 15588 9199



23.16 19.77 21.02



17.3611 14.6504 15.4133



143

The highest goods traffic is seen at Chennai port since its mean

is 44179 thousands tonnes followed by the Tuticorin port with the

mean of 15588 thousands tonnes. The highest consistency in total

goods traffic is seen at Tuticorin port since its coefficient of variation is

19.77 per cent. The annual growth rate of total goods traffic is

identified at the three ports since their annual growth rates are

significant at five per cent level. The higher compound growth rate is

noticed in Chennai port since its compound growth rate is 17.36 per

cent. Regarding the total goods traffic, there is a significant difference

among the three major ports since the ‘F’ statistics are significant at

five per cent level.

4.19 VESSEL TRAFFIC WITH DRY BULK AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The vessel traffic with dry bulk is included as one of the

performance indicators in the present study. The data related to vessel

traffic with dry bulk for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09 at

Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore ports have been collected from the

relevant port authorities. The mean, standard deviation, coefficient of

variation and growth rates have been computed to exhibit the

performance of the ports. The one way analysis of variance has been

executed to find out the significant difference among the three major

ports. The results are presented in Table 4.18.

144

Table: 4.18

Vessel traffic with dry bulk at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 422 307 176



21.09 18.24 9.66

4 Annual growth rate 0.0458 0.1369* 0.1349*


2.1782 6.1886 6.0767


*Significant at five per cent level. The higher mean of vessel traffic with dry bulk is seen both at

Chennai and Tuticorin ports since their mean are 422 and 307

respectively. The mean at Ennore is only 176 vessels but the

coefficient of variation in vessel traffic with dry bulk is only 9.66

per cent. The significant annual growth rates are identified at

Tuticorin and Ennore ports. The higher compound growth rates are

seen at the above two ports. Regarding the vessel traffic with Dry bulk,

the significant difference among the three ports have been noticed

since its ‘F’ statistics is significant at five per cent level.

4.20 VESSEL TRAFFIC WITH LIQUID BULK AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The major ports included for this analysis are Chennai,

Tuticorin and Ennore. The vessel traffic at the above said ports may

145

be used to carry the liquid bulk. Hence it is also included as one of the

performance indicators. The data related to vessel traffic with liquid

bulk at the above said ports for the period from 2001-02 to 2008-09

have been collected and processed in order to compute the mean,

standard deviation, coefficient of variation and growth rates. The one

way analysis has been executed to find out the significant difference

among the three ports regarding the vessel traffic with liquid bulk. The


Table: 4.19

Vessel traffic with liquid bulk at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 436 158 26



8.49 13.29 23.07

4 Annual growth rate -0.0473 0.1143* -0.0765


Negative 8.0896 Negative



Higher vessel traffic with liquid bulk is seen at Chennai and

Tuticorin ports since their mean are 436 and 158 respectively. In

Ennore port, the mean is only 26 showing the high fluctuations

during the period of the study since its coefficient of variation is 23.07

146

per cent. The only significant annual growth rate of vessel traffic with

liquid bulk is identified in Tuticorin port but the compound growth

rate is only 8.08 per cent. Regarding the vessel traffic with liquid bulk,

there is a significant difference among the three major ports since the

‘F’ statistics are significant at five per cent level.

4.21 VESSEL TRAFFIC WITH BREAK BULK AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The break bulk are also transported with the help of vessels.

Hence the vessel traffic with break bulk is considered as one of the

important indicators in the present study. The relevant details for the

period from 2001-02 to 2008-09 have been collected from the port

authorities. The mean and coefficient of variation have been

computed. The annual and compound growth rate of vessel traffic

with break bulk have been computed with the help of linear and

exponential growth function. Since there is no vessel traffic with break

bulk at Ennore port, it is excluded from the analysis. The results are

given in Table 4.20.

147

Table: 4.20

Vessel traffic with break bulk at the major ports

Sl. No. Particular

Port name


1 Mean 398 485 -



11.56 17.11 -



8.0144 14.3651 -

t – Statistics -2.9786*

*Significant at five per cent level The highest vessel traffic with break bulk is seen at Tuticorin

port since its mean is 485 whereas at Chennai port, it is 398. The

higher consistency in vessel traffic with break bulk is identified at

Chennai port. Significant annual growth rates are seen both in

Chennai and Tuticorin ports since their annual growth rates are

significant at five per cent level. The computed growth rates are

8.01and 14.37 per cent for Chennai and Tuticorin port respectively.

Regarding the vessel traffic with break bulk, the significant difference

among the two ports have been identified since its ‘t’ statistics is


4.22 VESSEL TRAFFIC WITH CONTAINERS AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The vessel traffic with containers is also treated as one of the

important performance indicators of the ports in the present study.

148

The mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation in vessel

traffic with containers have been computed to exhibit the level of

performance of the ports. The annual and compound growth rate of

vessel traffic with containers have been computed with the help of

linear and exponential functions respectively. Since there is no vessel

traffic with containers at Ennore port, it has been excluded from the

analysis. The results are shown in Table 4.21.

Table: 4.21

Vessel traffic with containers at the major ports



1 Mean 508 461 -



16.14 18.22 -



18.27 20.2904 -



Higher vessel traffic with containers is identified at Chennai and

Tuticorn ports since thier mean are 508 and 461 respectively. The

higher consistency is seen at Chennai port since its coefficient of

variation is 16.14 per cent. The significant annual growth rate of

vessel traffic with containers has been identified at Chennai and

Tuticorin port. The compound growth rates are 18.27 and 20.29 per

149

cent respectively. Regarding the vessel traffic with containers, there is

a significant difference among the Chennai and Tuticorin ports since

the ‘t’ statistics are significant at five per cent level.

4.23 TOTAL VESSEL TRAFFIC AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The data related to the total vessel traffic at the major ports

have been collected from the relevant authorities for the period from

2001-02 to 2008-09. The mean, standard deviation and coefficient of

variation of the total vessel traffic have been computed to compare the

vessel traffic at the three ports. The one way analysis of variance has

been executed to analyze the significant difference between the three

ports regarding the total vessel traffic. The annual and compound

growth rate of total vessel traffic have been computed and presented

in Table 4.22.

Table: 4.22

Total vessel traffic at the major ports



1 Mean 1769 1409 185



11.76 13.27 11.35



6.9974 9.8944 7.8086



150

The highest mean of total vessel traffic is identified at Chennai

port since its mean score is 1769 which is followed by Tuticorin port

with the mean score of 1409. The higher consistency in total vessel

traffic is noticed in Ennore port since its coefficient of variation is

11.35 per cent. The significant annual growth rate is identified in all

the three ports since their respective annual growth rates are

significant at five per cent level. The significant difference among the

three ports have been identified regarding the total vessel traffic since

the ‘t’ statistics is significant at five per cent level.

4.24 STORAGE FACILITIES AT THE MAJOR PORTS

The storage facilities at a port is one of the important aspects for

the performance of the port. Hence the present study has included it

as one of the performance variables. The storage facilities is classified

into open area, transit shed and ware house. The area of the above

said three types of storage (in square metres), at the three ports are

given in Table 4.23.

Table: 4.23

Storage facilities at the major ports

Sl. No. Type of storage

Port name

Chennai (in Sq.m)

Tuticorin (in Sq.m)

Ennore (in Sq.m)

1 Open area 636275 533000 42000

2 Transit shed 42350 10800 -

3 Ware house 39960 20550 -

Total 718585 564350 42000

151

The highest open area of 636275 Square metre is noticed at

Chennai port followed by 533000 and 4200 square metres at Tuticorin

and Ennore port respectively. The transit shed at Chennai and

Tuticorin port are 42350 and 10800 square metres respectively. The

warehouse at the above said two ports are 39960 and 20550 square

metres respectively. There is no transit shed and warehouse facilities

at Ennore port. The total storage area at Chennai, Tuticorin and

Ennore ports are 718585, 564350 and 42000 square metres

respectively.

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