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CLAT Page 1

Mock Test 5 (CLAT Pattern)

Directions (01-10): Read the folloing !assage carefull" and anser the#uestions gi$en %elo it. Certain ords&!hrases are gi$en in %old to hel! "outo locate the' hile ansering so'e of the #uestions.

Dia'onds ere for'ed %" %eing s#ueeed together and according toscientists* this ha!!ened a%out a hundred 'illion "ears ago. At that ti'e theree+isted ,%eneath the ground a 'ass of hot li#uid roc. The earth as in its earl"cooling stage* and in the !rocess the 'ass of li#uid roc as su%/ected to e+tre'eheat and !ressure. ne of the results as that certain che'ical co'%inations erefor'ed.And one of these as highl" cr"stallied car%on - hat e call a dia'ond. To of the'ost interestingthings a%out dia'onds are their hardness and their %rilliance. A dia'ond is actuall"

a%out $e ti'es as hard as the ne+t hardest su%stance on earth. 2ecause adia'ond is so hard* getting it read" for use in /eeller" is #uite a co'!licated andsilful !rocess. 3irst* a dia'ond is clea$ed* or di$ided. This re#uires a great deal ofstud" to 'ae sure it ill s!lit along certain natural lines. A narro notch is then cutith another dia'ond ha$ing a shar! !oint. An iron or steel edge is laid on this lineand a shar! %lo is struc. 4f all has %een done correctl"* the dia'ond s!lits,instantl" in to in e+actl" the direction desired. Dia'onds also ha$e facets* orlittle faces* cut into the'. This is done on a high-s!eed iron heel on the edge ofhich is dia'ond dust 'i+ed in oil. The a$erage %rilliant dia'ond is cut ith 56facets. All this is done to gi$e the dia'ond the right sha!e and %rilliance. 2asicall"*a dia'ond is a %eautiful ge'. 4ts %eaut" 'aes it desira%le and $alua%le. The $alueof one dia'ond differs fro' that of another. That is %ecause the" $ar" considera%l"

in colour and #ualit". The" occur in all colours of the rain%o. 7o'e colours arerarer than others. The highest $alues are !laced on those tinged ith red or%lue* and clear* colourless dia'onds. Another factor hich deter'ines its $alue is!urit". Dia'onds 'a"%e as !ure as a dro! of ater* or 'a" sho defects fro' a s'all !in!oint to a large8a. There are 'an" dia'onds that ha$e %een so $alua%le the" ha$e actuall"!la"ed a !art in histor". Possession of the fa'ous 9oh-4-oor (;ount of Light) asso greatl" desired %" the rulers of Asia that !racticall" all of the con#uests of 4ndiafro' 1o!e* an unusuall" %lue dia'ondeighing a%out

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CLAT Page =

=. A dia'ond is uni#ue %ecauseA. it is the hardest su%stance on earth.2. it is as hard as other hardsu%stances. C. it is used for

/eeller".D. it is not eas" to 'ae it into /eeller".

. 3ro' the third !aragra!h* e no that

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A. di$iding a dia'ond is a diBicult* ti'econsu'ing tas.2. a dia'ond has natural lines that di$ide it intoe#ual hal$es. C. a dia'ond is gentl" cut ith aniron or steel edgeD. a dia'ond ith a shar! !oint is easil" di$ided according

to s!ecications.

istor" ofDia'onds2. Processing Dia'onds 4nto

Jeeller"

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C. atures >ardest7u%stanceD. 3a'ous Dia'onds ofthe ?orld

E. ?hat is the 'eaning of ord FfacetsG in the conte+t of this !assage@

A.7urface2.La"erC.!inionD.;anner

10. ?hich ord is nearl" o!!osite of the ord 2HHAT> in conte+t of this!assage@

A.

Inder 2.a%o$e C.o$erD.%eteen

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4n the folloing !assage* the rst and the last !arts of the sentence arenu'%ered 1 and . The rest of the sentence is s!lit into four !arts and na'ed* P** R and 7. These four !arts are not gi$en in their !ro!er order. Read the !arts andnd out hich of the four co'%inations is correct. Then nd the correct anserand %lacen the a!!ro!riate rectangle in the Anser 7heet.11. 1.nce a ee Deesa led ;oti Ku/* the ele!hant* don to the ri$er.

P. After ins!ection the to ouldstand u!.. Then Deesa looed at his feet and e+a'ined his hole%od" for sores. R. The ani'al ne it as ti'e to return.7. The ele!hant la" don on his side* hile Deesa ru%%ed hi' itha coir scru%%er.. 2oth the ele!hant and the trainer ouldreturn ho'e. A. 7PR2.7RP C.PR7 D.R7P

1=. 1. Anna had longed to see her son.P. F>e ill arri$e at the station at 10 cloc* shesaid to herself. . 7he !re!ared herself for it.R. 7he looed at thecloc.7. There ere onl" fi$e'inutes left.. 7he rushed out of her house and hailed a ta+i to reach thestation in ti'e. A. PR72.7PR C.PR7 D.7RP

1. 1. ;r. Ra'asa'" is a $er" strict 'an.P. >e earns nearl" three thousandru!ees a 'onth.. >e also %elie$es that it is foolish to aste onesti'e or 'one".R. >e is not a !oor'an.7. >e %elie$es that life 'eansor onl".. 2ut he ants his children to lead asi'!le life. A. P7R2.7RP C.RP7 D.7RP

1

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P. to a fe thanenrol.. to !ro$ide #ualit"education. R. the' out asgraduates.7. en 'asse and

churn.. after !erfunctor"teachingA.R7P 2.R7P C.P7R D.7RP

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15. 1. ,4 as %orn here in the old cit" the girl told us.P. her anser suggested that her fa'il"has roots. . hen e in#uired.R. as o!!osed to the 'odern tons that consist'ostl" of hotels. 7. and %elongs to the traditional!art here the te'!le are.

. 7o'e da" !eo!le here are 'oreethnicall" !ure.A.P7R 2.7RP C.P7R D.7RP

1. 3ind the ord hich is of the sa'e 'eaning (s"non"') tothe gi$en ord: Lenient

A.>arsh 2.7trict C.;ildD.Inforgi$ing

1. 3ind the ord hich is of the sa'e 'eaning (s"non"') tothe gi$en ord: 4gnore

A. Res!ect2. DisregardC. RegardD. Consider

16. 3ind the ord hich is of the sa'e 'eaning (s"non"') tothe gi$en ord: ?ander

A.Loiter 2.7tead" C.7to!D. 7tationar"

1E. 3ind the ord hich is of the sa'e 'eaning (s"non"') tothe gi$en ord: Re$olt

A.

%e" 2.Lo"al C.Re%elD.7u%'it

=0. 3ind the ord hich is of the sa'e 'eaning (s"non"') tothe gi$en ord: 7cant"

A.4nsufcient 2.

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Ade#uate C.HnoughD. Plentiful

Hach sentence has four !arts P* * R and 7. 3ind out the correct order ofthe !arts in each #uestion to 'ae a 'eaningful sentence.

=1. f the ne+t election (P)& hile a !olitician ()& ala"s thins (R)& a states'an

thins of the ne+tgeneration (7).

A.RP7 2.PR7 C.RP7 D.7PR

==. has taen a nu'%er of ste!s (P)& for safe and co'forta%le /ourne" ()& the'inistr" of raila"s

(R)& %" the !u%lic(7). A.7RP2.P7R C.P7R D.RP7

=. eBect (P)& is not desira%le ()& on children (R)& of cine'a (7).A.P7R 2.7PR C.

7RP D.RP7

=

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4n uestion nos. = to 0* so'e of the sentences ha$e errors and so'e ha$enone. 3ind out hich !art of a sentence has an error and %lacen therectangle corres!onding to the a!!ro!riate letter (a)* (%)* and (c). 4f there is

no error* %lacen the rectangle corres!onding to (d) in the Anser-sheet.=. o sooner had the hoce" 'atch started (a) hen it %egan (%) to

rain.(c) o error. (d) A. a2.% C.c D.d

=. The 7ecretariat (a) co'!rises of (%) 'an" air-conditioned roo's. (c) o error.(d)

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A.a 2.% C.c D.d

=6. 4t is high ti'e (a) he stood on his on (%) to legs.

(c) o error. (d) A. a2.% C.c D.d

=E. ou should a$oid (a) to tra$el (%) in the rush hour.(c) o error. (d) A. a2.% C.c D.d

0. There is (a) onl" one of his no$els (%) that are

interesting. (c) o error. (d) A. a2.% C.c D.d

Directions: in #uestion nos. 1 to 5* a sentence has %een gi$en inActi$e&Passi$e $oice. ut of the four alternati$es suggested* select the onehich %est e+!resses the sa'e sentence in Passi$e&Acti$e $oice and 'ar"our anser in the Anser-sheet.

1. Circu'stances ill o%lige 'e to go.A. 4 ill o%lige thecircu'stances and go.2. 4 shall %e o%liged to go %" thecircu'stances.C. Inder the circu'stances* 4should go.D. 4 ould %e o%liged %" thecircu'stances to go.

=. ?e aste 'uch ti'e on tri8es.A. ;uch ti'e as astedon tri8es.2. ;uch ti'e ill %e astedon trifles. C. ;uch ti'e isasted %" us on trifles. D.;uch ti'e is asted on trifles.

. ;ohan ga$e the %eggar an old shirt.A. An old shirt as gi$en to ;ohan %"the %eggar. 2. An old shirt as gi$ento the %agger %" ;ohan. C. The%eggar as ga$e an old shirt %" ;ohan.D. An old shirt as ga$e to the%eggar %" ;ohan.

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C. The" ha$e %een 'adeings %" hi'. D. >e has %een'ade a ind %" the'.

5. ?ho taught "ou Hnglish@A. 2" ho' Hnglish astaught to "ou@ 2. 2" ho'

"ou ere taught Hnglish@C. 2" ho' as Hnglishtaught to "ou@ D. 2" ho'are "ou taught Hnglish

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Read the folloing !assage carefull" and anser the #uestions gi$en

7ituation Critical 4n so'e /o%s* danger can a!!ear at an" 'o'ent. 4n the%lin of an e"e* the routine can %eco'e !erilous. This 'onth* the ationalKeogra!hic Channel shos us hat ha!!ens hen a nor'al situation %eco'es7ituation Critical. The !olice tr" to ee! citiens safe* %ut hat ha!!ens hen the!olice are in danger@ n 3e%ruar" =6* 1EE* to 'en ith ar'our and !oerfulrifles ro%%ed a %an in >oll"ood* California. The !olices ea!ons ere uselessagainst the cri'inals* %ut the" ne the" had to end the >oll"ood 7hootout. 4nColo'%ia* !olice tried to arrest Pa%lo Hsco%ar* the orlds 'ost notorious drugdealer. ?hen he fought %ac ith assassinations that illed hundreds* go$ern'entoBicials decided their onl" o!tion as 9illing Pa%lo Hsco%ar. 3or soldiers and !ilots*

too* danger is a a" of life. This %eca'e a !ainful truth for A'erican !ilot 7cottKrad" in June1EE5 hen his /et as shot don o$er 2osnia. Krad" as a%le to e/ect* %ut hehad to a$oid the ene'" for da"s as a Doned Pilot. 2ritish 7A7 troo!s also foundthe'sel$es in har's a" in 7ierra Leone in=000. There* the" !lanned to reco$er 11 2ritish soldiers ho ere %eing heldhostage in a daring 7A7 Jungle Rescue. f course* co'%at isnt the onl" a" toe+!erience danger. The astronauts of A!ollo 1 learned this hen an e+!losionstruc their s!acecraft. Lo on resources* the astronauts and engineers on theground had to act #uicl" to sa$e A!ollo 1. 2ac on Harth* the 7"dne" to >o%art"acht race turned deadl" in 1EE6* ith doens of %oats forced to #uit and si+ 'enlost at sea. That "ear* the challenging co'!etition turned into >ell on >igh ?ater.

There are situations here our decisions can 'ae the difference %eteen life anddeath* the outco'e is ne$er certain* and e are left ith our hearts ,!ounding.ational Keogra!hic Channel %rings us face to face ith these dangerousconditions on 7ituation Critical.

. ?hich is the %est descri!tion of the ind of situations shon on 7ituation Critical@A. Dangerous circu'stances that are#uicl" resol$ed. 2. A location thatin$ol$es ar or ghting.C. 7ituations that %eco'e dangerous allof a sudden. D. ;o$ies that loodangerous.

. ?hich situation is T descri%ed in the article@A. A ris" air!lanelanding. 2.Rescuing hostagesC. A tragic%oat race. D. A%an ro%%er".

6. The !ur!ose of the article is to M.A. descri%e a fe interesting*dangerous situations 2. list all of thee+cite'ent one 'ight e+!erience C.e+!lain hich ind of situation is 'ost

critical

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D. sho ho to get out of life-threatening situationsE. ?hich of the folloing ould %e another good title for 7ituation Critical@

A. ?ar 7tories2. Ris" Circu'stancesC. 7ecret ;issionsD. 7ecret ;issions

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ittingC. AttractingD. 4n$ersel"

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2. 2an of 2arodaC. 2an of 4ndiaD. Allaha%ad 2an

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2. airaC. Huro

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D.9roneH.9"at

55. ?hich countr" has highest de%t inKDP ratio in the orld@

A.China 2.

Ja!an C.I9D.I7A

5. ldest stoc e+change in Asia@A.C7H 2.27H C.A7H D.PAHH. one ofthese

5. ?hich countr" ee!s ti'e 15 'inutes ahead of 4ndian standard ti'e@A.e!al2. sreelanaC.2hutanD.

Ja!an

56. ?hich of the folloing on the 2ase%all ?orld cu!@A.3inland2.Colo'%iaC.etherlandD. none ofthese

5E. The union ca%inet recentl" a!!ro$ed setting u! of ne ational4nstitutes ofPhar'aceutical Hducation and Research (PHRs).

A.7i+ 2.3i$e C.3four D.

To

0. The Inion Ca%inet a!!ro$ed the esta%lish'ent of ne 4nstitutes at the costof @

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A. 00.15Crore 2.15.15 Crore C..15 Crore D.15.15 Crore

1. ?here as the 4ndonesia-4ndia 2iennial Tread ;inisters (2T;3) ;eet hold incto%er@

A. eDelhi2.2angoC.

JartaD. none ofthese

=. el" 4ntroduced ,ir"at 2andhu , conce!t is related to@

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A. 3oreign Police2. 3oreign TradeC. Loo Hsat PoliceD. none of these

. ?hich countr" has %een aarded the right to hold the ?orld steelconference in cto%er =01=@

A. 4ndia2. sri lanaC. chinaD. Ja!anH. one of these

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H. one ofthese

0. The oldest shi! of a$" hich as recentl" deco''issioned isMM@A.Ninash

2.Ni!ulC.7hara%hD.irghal

1. ?ho a'ong of the folloing has %een aarded dh"an chand aard =011.A. 9untalRo"2.sha%ir aliC.Ra'!alD. Ra/endresingh

=. 4n hich of the folloing states of 4ndia* there is no go$ern'entde!art'ent for the regular u!dation of land record* hence* called a on-Land Record 7tate@A.arnataa2.

eralaC.KoaD.2iharH. one ofthese

. llanta >u'ala is the !resident elect for hich a'ong the folloing latinA'erican countries@

A.Paragua"

2.2oli$iaC.PeruD.Irugua"

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6.< !arcent D.6. !arcent H.E !arcent

5. As !erthe re$ised esti'ates of C7 for the "ear =010-11* KDP groth rate atfactor cost stand at..

A. 6.=!arcent2. E!arcentC. 6.

. ;.N. A;HT

;a/est" is..A. 4ndias rst 'ediu'!oer radar2. 4ndias rst cruise liner and on-%oardtraining shi!C. 4ndias rst indigenous%allistic 'issileD. none ofthese

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. A 'eeting of ca%inet co''ittee chaired %" M* cleared the nationalintelligence grid.

A. Dr. ;an'ohan 7ingh2. P. Chida'%ra'C. 9a!il 7i%%alD. A 9 Anton"

6. Christiana Lagarde is ne director general ofA. ?orld 2an2. 4nternational 'onetar" fundC. ConstructionD. Asian De$elo!'ent 2an

E. ?inner of ?i'%ledon =011 o'ensingles tittle is- A. Nenus ?illia's2. 7erena ?illia'sC. 3rancesca 7hia$onaD. Petra 9$ito$a

60. Al"ssa Ca'!anella has %eencroned- A. ;iss Asia=0112. ;iss I7A =011C. ;iss Canada =011D. none of these

61. ?hich one of the folloing loa"utas has not %een 'atched correctl" ithits !arent state

A. ;an'ohan 7arin (Ittar Pradesh)

2. 7antosh >egde (9arnataa)C. A'reshar 7haha"(Jharhand) D. R Prasad(2ihar)

6=. ?ho has %eco'e the rst !resident of the nel" created nation south 7udanA. Priscilla Jose!h 9uch2. John Lu JoC. 7al$a 9iir ;a"aditD. ;adut 2iar

6. 4ndias ne foreign

secretar" isA. iru!a'a Rao2. 7unil ;itraC. Ran/an ;athaiD. 7hehar 7inha

6

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2.AgniC.7henhousD.

Tiangong 1

E1. The !ri'e nu'%er hich is e$en too:A. 12. =C. 1=D. 10

E=. A nu'%er hen ;ulti!lied 2" E and is added to the !roduct. The result is1=. The nu'%er is:A. 1=

2. 16C. 1

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D.

E. ?hat #uantit" of ater should %e added to liter of 10 solution of salt* sothat t %eca'e a 5

saltsolution. A.

1.5 ltr 2.=. ltr C. ltrD. can not %e deter'inedH. one of these

Eis inco'e is increased %" =0and he increased his e+!enditure %" 10. 3ind the !ercentageincrease in his sa$ings.A.

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C.50 D.

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5='!h C.

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10. >ari in$ested an a'ount of Rs.6000 in a fi+ed de!osit sche'e for = "ears atco'!ound interest rate of 5 !.c.!.a. >o 'uch a'ount ill >ari get on'aturit" of the +ed de!osit@

10. ?hat ill %e the cost of gardening 1 'etre %road %oundar" around arectangular !lot ha$ing !eri'eter of

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D. either 4 nor 44 isstrongH. 2oth 4 and 44 arestrong

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Conclusions:1. 7e+ual harass'ent of o'en at or !lace is 'ore!re$alent in 4ndia as co'!ared to other de$elo!ed countries.

=. ;an" organisations in 4ndia ill sto! recruiting o'en to a$oidsuch !ro%le's. A. nl" conclusion 4 follos2. nl" conclusion 44 follosC. Hither 4 or 44 follos

D. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

116. 7tate'ents: ?o'ens organisations in 4ndia ha$e elco'ed the a'end'entof the 4ndustrial

H'!lo"'ent Rules 1E

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=. The Ko$ern'ent has rushed in relief su!!lies to the !eo!le li$ing inthe aBected areas. A. 7tate'ent 4 is the cause and state'ent 44 isits effect2. 7tate'ent 44 is the cause and state'ent4 is its effectC. 2oth the state'ents 4 and 44 are

inde!endent causesD. 2oth the state'ents 4 and 44 are effects ofinde!endent causesH. 2oth the state'ents 4 and 44 are effects of so'eco''on cause

1=. 7tate'ents: 1.4t is the ai' of the cit"s ci$ic authorit" to get the air!ollution reduced %" =0 in the ne+t to 'onths.=. The nu'%er of asth'a cases in the cit" isconstantl" increasing. A. 7tate'ent 4 is thecause and state'ent 44 is its effect2. 7tate'ent 44 is the cause and state'ent

4 is its effectC. 2oth the state'ents 4 and 44 areinde!endent causesD. 2oth the state'ents 4 and 44 are effects ofinde!endent causes

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H. 2oth the state'ents 4 and 44 are effects of so'e co''on cause

1=. 7tate'ent: The sale of a !articular !roduct has gone don considera%l"causing great concern to the co'!an".Courses of Action:1. The co'!an" should 'ae a !ro!er stud" of ri$al !roductsin the 'aret.

=.The !rice of the !roduct should %e reduced and #ualit" i'!ro$ed.A. nl" 4 follos2. nl" 44 follosC. Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

1=6. 7tate'ent: The Asian De$elo!'ent 2an has a!!ro$ed a =65 'illionloan to nance a !ro/ect to construct coal !orts %" Paradi! and ;adras Port

Trusts.Courses of Action: 1.4ndia should use nancial assistance fro' otherinternational nancial organisations to de$elo! such !orts in other!laces.=.4ndia should not see such nancial assistance fro' the internationalnancial agencies. A. nl" 4 follos2. nl" 44 follosC. Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

1=E. 7tate'ent: Doordarshan is concerned a%out the #ualit" of its !rogra''es!articularl" in $ie of stiB co'!etition it is facing fro' 7TAR and othersatellite TN channels and is conte'!lating $arious 'easures to attract talentfor its !rogra''es.Courses of Action:1. 4n an eBort to attract talent* the Doordarshan hasdecided to re$ise its fee structure for the artists.

=. The fee structure should not %e re$ised until other electronic'edia also re$ise it. A. nl" 4 follos2. nl" 44 follosC. Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

10. 7tate'ent: The ;inister said that the teachers are still not fa'iliarisedith the need* i'!ortance and 'eaning of !o!ulation education in the higher

education s"ste'. The" are not e$en clearl" aare a%out their role andres!onsi%ilities in the !o!ulation education !rogra''e. Courses of Action:1.Po!ulation education !rogra''e should %e included in the collegecurriculu'.=. rientation !rogra''e should %e conducted for teachers on !o!ulationeducationA. nl" 4 follos2. nl" 44 follosC. Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

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11. 7tate'ent: A recent stud" shos that children %elo $e die in thecities of the de$elo!ing countries 'ainl" fro' diarrhoea and !arasiticintestinal or's.Courses of Action:1. Ko$ern'ents of the de$elo!ing countries should taeade#uate 'easures to i'!ro$e the h"gienic conditions in the cities.=.Children %elo fi$e "ears in the cities of the de$elo!ing countries need

to %e e!t under !eriodic 'edical chec-u!.A. nl" 4 follos2. nl" 44 follosC. Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

1=. Throughout the ages the %usiness'an has hel!ed %uild ci$ilisationsgreat cities* !ro$ided !eo!le ith lu+uries and artists ith !atronage* andlift his fello citiens to understand the standard of li$ing. 4n the last fecenturies the %usiness'an has seeded the 4ndustrial Re$olution aroundthe orld.

The !assage %est su!!orts the state'ent that the%usiness'an - A. is accounta%le to thesociet".2. li$es lu+urious and co'forta%le life.C. is the %eneciar" of the 4ndustrialRe$olution. D. is ca!a%le of raisinghis standard of li$ing.H. has contri%uted to the groth of ci$ilisation.

1. There is a shift in our econo'" fro' a 'anufacturing to a ser$iceorientation. The increase in ser$ice-sector ill re#uire the 'anagers to or'ore ith !eo!le rather than ith o%/ects and things fro' the asse'%l" line.

This !assage %est su!!orts thestate'ent that: A. 'anagersshould ha$e a %alanced 'ind.2. asse'%l" line ill e+ist in ser$ice organisations.C. inter!ersonal sills ill %eco'e 'ore i'!ortant in thefuture or !lace. D. 'anufacturing organisations ignorei'!ortance of !eo!le.H. ser$ice organisations ill not deal ith o%/ects and things.

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crore 'en* o'en and children. ur agriculture is o$er-'anned. A lessernu'%er of agriculturists ould 'ean 'ore !urchasing or s!ending !oer toe$er" agriculturist. This ill result in the shortage of 'an-!oer for 'an"co''odities to %e !roduced for hich there ill %e a ne de'and fro' a!ros!erous agrarian

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class. This shortage ill %e re'o$ed %" sur!lus 'an-!oer releasedfro' agriculture as suggested a%o$e.

The !assage %est su!!orts thestate'ent that:A. e'!lo"'ent in !roduction is 'ore fruitful thane'!lo"'ent in agriculture.

2. 4ndian econo'" is in a !oor sha!e %asicall" due to i'!ro!er'o%ilisation of 'an-!oer. C. a shift of la%our fro' agricultural sectorto the industrial sector ould u!lift the li$ing standard.D. the industrial sector is la%our-decient hile the agricultural sectoris o$er-'anned in our countr".

1. H+!orts and i'!orts* a selling fa$oura%le %alance of trade* in$est'entsand %an-%alances* are not an inde+ or a %alance sheet of national!ros!erit". Till the %eginning of the 7econd ?orld ?ar* Hnglish e+!orts erenoticea%l" greater than hat the" are toda". And "et Hngland has greaternational !ros!erit" toda" than it e$er had. 2ecause the inco'e of a$erageHnglish'en* oring as eld and factor" la%ourers* clers* !olice'en* !ett"sho!ee!ers and sho!assistants* do'estic orers and other lo-!aid orers*has gone u!.

The !assage %est su!!orts thestate'ent that:A. a countr"s econo'ic standard can %e %est ad/udged %"!er ca!ital inco'e.2. a countr"s %alance of trade is the 'ain criteria of deter'ining itsecono'ic !ros!erit". C. a nations econo'" strengthens ith theincrease in e+!ortsD. Hnglish trade has continuall" increased since the7econd ?orld ?ar.

1. 7tate'ents:1. All /ungles are tigers.=. 7o'e tigers are

horses. Conclusions:1. 7o'ehorses are /ungles.

=. o horse is /ungle.A. nl" conclusion 4follos 2. nl"conclusion 44 follos C.Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44

follosH. 2oth 4 and 44follo

16. 7tate'ents:1. 7o'e drea'sare nights.

=. 7o'e nights are da"s.Conclusions: 1.All da"s are either nightsor drea's.

=. 7o'e da"s are nights.A. nl" conclusion 4follos 2. nl"

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conclusion 44 follos C.Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44follosH. 2oth 4 and 44follo

1E. 7tate'ents:1. All hill stations ha$e a sun-set !oint.=. Q is a hill station.

Conclusions: 1.Q has a sun-set !oint.

=.Places other than hill stations do not ha$e sun-set !oints.A. nl" conclusion 4follos2. nl" conclusion 44follos

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C. Hither 4 or 44 follosD. either 4 nor 44 follosH. 2oth 4 and 44 follo

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D. 3ia* Da$id* Ra'

151. ,Princi!le: An occu!ier is not nor'all" lia%le to a tres!asser e+ce!t inres!ect of illful act intended to cause hi' har' or done ith reclessregard. ,3act: Ton" a rich 'an had e!t a ferocious dog to guard hishouse. >e strictl" instructed all his orers not to go near the dog. 3urther

a s!ecial attendant as hired to tae care of the dog. Nisitors ere arned%" a !ro'inent sign%oard a%out the dog. ne da" a 1 "ear old %o"!la"ing in the neigh%orhood running after the %all entered the house andas illed %" the dog.A. Ton" is not lia%le as the %o" as a tres!asser and 1 "ear oldand should$e non a%out the !resence of the dog.2. Ton" is not lia%le %ecause he ga$e suBicient arnings* and tooreasona%le !recautions regarding the dog.C. Ton" is lia%le for the negligence of the ser$ant to ee! a atch on theferocious dog inthe da" ti'eD. none of the a%o$e.

15=. ,Princi!le: o !erson ho has a cri'inal record should %e alloed in 4ndian!olitics.

A. Peo!le ho ha$e a cri'inal record cannot %esuccessful !oliticians. 2. o !erson ho has a cri'inalrecord has %een successful in !olitics. C. All those hodo not ha$e a cri'inal record can %e good !oliticians. A.nl" A2. 2 and CC. A* 2 and CD. one of these.

15. ,Princi!le: Conscious !ossession of cocaine a%o$e !ersonal consu'!tion#uantit" is an

oBense.1) - Conscious !ossession hen a !erson has noledge of such!ossession at the ti'e of search.=) - !ersonal consu'!tion #uantit" for a !erson is 1g.

,3ACT7:-+ and " ere dri$ing a car rented %" S.Q had = g of cocaine in his!ossession. n seeing !olice chec-!ost ahead thre the containing =g ofcocaine out fro' the rear indo. To his noledge* the %ag as thron* %utactuall" it /ust landed on %ac seat *hich as caught %" !olice. Decide

A. Q is lia%le as he as in !ossession of 'ore than !ersonal consu'!tion#uantit" ofcocaine.2. Q is not lia%le as he had no Conscious !ossession of cocaine.C. Q is not lia%le as car as rented %" S and cocaine as found on%acseat of car.D. Q is not lia%le as %eteen hi' and Vthe" ere in !ossession of 1gof cocaine !er head* hich is !er'issi%le #uantit".

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,3acts: ;r. John is a $er" rich contractor li$ing in a s!acious %uilding inRai!ur. ne da" in the night to !ersons unsuccessfull" atte'!ted to enterhis house ith an intention to steal the 'one" and /eeller" e!t in thehouse of John. ;r. John oe u! and sitched on the lights.

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Those to !ersons started running aa". ;r. John too his gun* chasedthe' and shot one of the' dead.A. ;r. John has co''itted the offenceof 'urder. 2. The action of ;r. John is

/ustia%leC. ;r. John has not co''itted

an" offenceD. ;r. John e+ceeded his right of!ri$ate defence

155.. ,Princi!le: ?here a !art" ithout e+!ressing his nal illingness*!ro!oses certain ter's on hich he is illing to negotiate* he is not'aing an offer. H+!lanation: ?hen a !art" co''unicates his illingnessto trade in accordance ith ter's in the in$itation to treat* he 'aes anoBer that 'a" or 'a" not %e acce!ted %" the !erson ho 'ade thein$itation to treat.,3acts: A ass 2 W F?hat is the loest !rice "ou ill sell "our Delhi housefor@G 2 re!lies W Fot less than Rs. CroresG. A !roduces a che#ue of croreru!ees and clai's that the Delhi house should no %e transferred to hi'.A. There has %een an i'!lied oBer andacce!tance.2. There has %een no i'!lied oBer andacce!tance. C. As #uestion as anin$itation to treat.D. A is theoBeror.

15.. ,!rinci!les: 1) n the death of hus%and* the ido shall inherit the !ro!ert"of her deceased

hus%and along ith childrene#uall".=) A ido can not clai' the !ro!ert" of the deceased if on the datehen the #uestion of succession o!ens* she has re'arried.) A fe'ale ac#uiring !ro!ert" in an" a" has the a%solute title to the!ro!ert". A!!l" thea%o$e three ,!rinci!les and decide the case ofthe folloing

,3act situation: ,3acts : ?hen 7udhir died* he had 1&rd share of the fa'il"!ro!ert"* hich thethree %rothers Rudhir* 7udhir and asu inherited fro' their father* 2. 7udhir

died on 7e!te'%er= =00 ithout ha$ing an" issue. The ido of 7udhir* ;s. ?in re'arriedon Januar" 1* =00. Rudhir and asu refused ?in the share fro' 7udhirs!ortion hen ?in clai'ed the entire !ro!ert" %elonging to 7udhir on Januar"0* =00. 7elect "our decision fro' the !ossi%le decisions gi$en in list 1 andthe a!!ro!riate reason fro' the indicated reasons gi$en in list > gi$en%elo:List 4 - Decisions (a) ?in cannot inherit the!ro!ert" of 7udhir

(%) ?in can inherit the !ro!ert" of 7udhirList 44 - Reasons i) ?in does not %elong to

the fa'il" ii) ?in as re'arried

iii) >er clai' as on the date of 7udhirs death

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=) A !erson has a right of self defence to the e+tent of causing death toanother !ro$ided he a!!rehends death %" the act of the latter.,3acts 7hu$a ent to a hardare sho! oned %" Anu!. 2argaining on so'eite' led to altercation %eteen the to and 7hu$a !iced u! a shar! o%/ectand hit at Anu!. ?hen Anu! started %leeding* his ife ;ridula inter$ened andshe as also hit %" 7hu$a and she %eca'e unconscious. 3inding hi'self

totall" cornered* Anu! deli$ered a se$ere %lo to 7hu$a ith a shar! o%/ect.7hu$a died instantl". Possi%le decisions a) Anu! 'urdered 7hu$a. %) Anu!illed 7hu$a ith the intention of illing to sa$e hi'self and his ife C) Anu!illed 7hu$a ithout an" intention to do so /ust to sa$e hi'self and his ifePro%a%le reasons for the decision i) 4f a !erson ills another i stantl" on thes!ot* the intention to ill is o%$ious. ii) Anu! used force a!!rehending deathof hi'self and his ife. ill) Anu! used dis!ro!ortionate force. i$) There asnothing to sho that 7hu$a anted to ill Anu! or his ife. our decisionith the reasonA. (a)(i) 2.(a) (iii) C.

(c) (ii) D.(%) (i)

156. ,!rinci!les: 1) Consu'a%le goods hich are not t for consu'!tion are not'areta%le.

=) A consu'er shall not suffer on account of un'areta%le goods.) A seller is lia%le for noingl" selling un'areta%le goods.

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. 4f A is authorised to do so'ething for 2* %ut in the na'e of A ithoutdisclosing 2s !resence* %oth A and 2 'a" %e held lia%le.

,3acts 7o'u contracted ith A'ar hereunder A'ar ould %u" a !u'!set to%e used in7o'us far'. 7uch a !u'!set as in short su!!l" in the 'aret. Kula%* a

dealer* had such a

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(c) (i$) D.(d) (ii)

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11. A oBered to %u" 2s %ungalo for Rs.10 Lahs %ut 2 refused.7u%se#uentl" hen A threatened to le a co'!laint against 2 for!ossessing assets dis!ro!ortionate to his inco'e 2

agreed to the sale. 2 su%se#uentl" resiles fro' the contract As suit to enforcethe contractA. ill succeed %ecause A as oBering laful consideration for the house

2. ill succeed %ecause %u"ing and selling ofhouses is laful C. ill succeed %ecause %oth!arties ha$e ca!acit" to contract D. ill fail%ecause 2 as forced to agree to the contract

1=. A !aid Rs. 15*000 to 2 to secure as seat for his son in the RegionalHngineering College %" using his in8uence ith the 7election Co''ittee. 2fails to secure as seat for As son. A sues to reco$er the a'ount of Rs.15*000&-A. A ill succeed as 2 has failed to !erfor' the !ro'ised act2. A ill succeed as the agree'ent as entered into ith the freeconsent of %oth !artiesC. A ill as the agree'ent as unlaful and against !u%lic !olic"D. A ill succeed as consideration as !aid for the ser$ice de'anded.

1. ,Princi!le: Though a !erson is not the oner of the !ro!ert"* %ut is inunauthorised occu!ation of the sa'e for a !eriod of 1= "ears or 'ore ithoutan" interru!tion or #uestioning %" the real oner* the !erson in !ossessiongets ad$erse !ossession of the !ro!ert". The real oner cannot legall" clai'%ac the !ro!ert".

,3acts: ;s. An/ana De$i is the oner of a !lot of 10 acres of agricultural landsituated in 2ellarl" district. ;r. agesara Rao started culti$ating this land as;s. An/ana De$i as not culti$ating the land and she is oring for a'ultinational co'!an" in 2angalore hich in$ol$es fre#uentl" going a%roadin connection ith the %usiness. ;r. agesara Rao has %een culti$ating thesaid10 acres of land since 1E6E. o ;s. An/ana De$i has taen $oluntar"retire'ent and ants tosell the said !ro!ert".A. ;s. An/ana De$i cannot legall" sell the !ro!ert"2. ;s. An/ana De$i can sell the !ro!ert" as she is the onerC. ;s. An/ana De$i has to sell the !ro!ert" to ;r.agesara Rao onl". D. ?hat ;r. agesara Rao hasdone is i''oral.

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the a" the ar%itration !roceedings ere going on. 2oth the !arties agreedto ithdra fro' the ar%itration !roceedings. ;r. 7afiullah is aggrie$ed %"this. A. ;r. 7afiullah can go to the court against %oth the !arties to thecontract for continuing the ar%itration.2. The 'andate of the ar%itrator is ter'inated and the ar%itration hasco'e to an end.

C. 4t is not !ro!er on the !arties to ter'inate the !roceedings in thisa"* as it has aBected the rights of ;r. 7afiullah

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2. ;s. 7hauntala and ;r. 7hantanu can 'arr"* %utit ill %e illegal. C. ;s. 7hauntala and ;r. 7hantanucan 'arr" legall".D. The !arents could ha$e alloed ;s. 7hauntala and ;r. 7hantanu to'arr" hich ould ha$e !ro'oted national integrit"

16. ,Princi!le:A !erson has no re'ed" against an in/ur" caused %" an act tohich he has consented

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,3acts: ra' as in a hurr" to catch a !laneOhired a ta+i run %" ca!ital ta+ico'!an"*ell non in that localit".ra' ased d dri$er to dri$e fast.in cit"one*s!eed li'it as 0 '&hrOd dri$er rather reluctantl" dro$e at E0 toreach d air!ort in ti'e*dri$er lost controlOra' as in/ured*ra' led a suitagainst ta+i co'!an"

A. co'!Xan" ont %e lia%le as ra' had ased to dri$e fast2. co'!an" ud %e lia%le as dri$er ought not to ha$e e+ceeded s!eedli'itC. co'!an" %e lia%le %coUdri$ing fastUshud onl" 'ean dri$ing ithinli'its !rescri%ed %" laD. one of the a%o$e

1E. ,Princi!le: a. An" %od" can acce!t a general offer %. ?hen a !erson is%asicall" !erfor'ing his

dut"* it does not for' $alua%le consideration.

,3acts: Q offered a reard to an"one ho ould rescue his ife dead&ali$efro' a %urning %uilding. A re'an rising his life %rought out the ifes dead%od". 4s he entitled to reco$er" of reard@A. o* the re'an cannot reco$er the reard* as he as onl"!erfor'ing his dut". 2. o* the re'an cannot reco$er thereard* as he did it $oluntaril"C. es* the re'an is entitled the reard as he had taen e+tra ris insa$ing the lad"D. one of these

10. ,Princi!le: A ;inor is not co'!etent to contract.,3acts: A ;inor 'ortgaged her house and recei$ed ad$ance. The

'ortgagee les a suit against the 'inor to reco$er the 'one" ad$anced %"hi'. The 'inor 'ortgagor taes the !lea that the suit is not 'aintaina%le asthere as no $alid contract.A. An agree'ent ith 'inor isa%solutel" $oid. 2. 4t is $oida%le atthe o!tion of the !arties.C. The 'inor is lia%le to return the 'one" recei$ed %"hi' as ad$ance. D. one of the a%o$e

11. ,!rinci!le 4: At the co''ence'ent of the Constitution* e$er" !erson hohas his do'icile in the territor" of 4ndia and-

(a) ?ho as %orn in the territor" of 4ndiaV or(%) Hither of hose !arents ere %orn in the territor" of 4ndia(c) ?ho has %een ordinaril" resident in the territor" of 4ndia for notless than $e "ears i''ediatel" !receding such co''ence'ent*shall %e a citien of 4ndia,!rinci!le 44: Citienshi! includes onl" natural !ersons and not /uristic !ersonslie cor!orations,!rinci!le 444: Do'icile 'eans not onl" residence* %ut residence cou!led ithintention to li$eindenitel" in the !lace,3acts: ;ada'* a 2ritish resident* co'es to 4ndia in search of her father*ho has %een 'issing since 15 "ears* e$er since he ent to ;u'%ai. >er

'other is in co'a and ;ada' !ro'ises her that she ill %e %ac ith her

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father* and ont co'e %ac e$er if she fails to nd hi'. 7he decides to li$eand or in ;u'%ai* all the ti'e !arallell" tr"ing to nd out a%out herfather. H$en after "ears* she cant nd her father* and continues li$ing in;u'%ai. >as ;ada' ac#uired do'icile in 4ndia@A. es* as she has %een li$ing in 4ndia for ell o$er fi$e "ears

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2. es* as she intends to li$e in 4ndia until her father is not found.>ence* she 'ight end u! li$ing her hole life in 4ndiaC. o* she has no intention to li$e indenitel" in 4ndia* and ill lea$e4ndia hen she nds her fatherD. 2oth (a) and (%)

1= .,PR4C4PLH: An agree'ent to hich the consent of the seller is freel" gi$enis not $oid 'erel"

%ecause the !rice is inade#uate.

,3ACT7: Pra$een agrees to sell a horse orth Rs. 1*000*000 for Rs.10 to Ar$ind. 4s the agree'ent $oid@A. es* %ecause the !rice is inade#uate2. o* if Pra$eens consent to the agree'ent as freel" gi$enC. es* if Pra$eens consent as not freel" gi$enD. 2oth 2 and C

1. ,PR4C4PLH: Acts done %" children %elo 1= "ears of age are notoffences if the" are not 'ature enough to understand the nature andconse#uences of the acts.

,3ACTIAL 74TIAT4: 2o%%"* a child of E "ears of age* nds a gold chain inhis uncles ho'e. >e gi$es the chain to his sister Ru%" ho is eight "ears oldand tells her not to tell an"one. The uncle re!orts the 'atter to the !olice.

The !olice conducts a search. During the in$estigation the !olice nds thegold chain e!t the to"s of Ru%". Ru%" tells the !olice that 2o%%" had gi$enthe chain to her.A. 2o%%" is guilt" of theft2. Ru%" is guilt" of theft.C. 2oth 2o%%" and Ru%" areguilt" of theft. D. either 2o%%"nor Ru%" is guilt" of theft.

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15. ,PR4C4PLH: ?hoe$er %" ords* signs or otherise %rings into hatred orconte'!t or e+cites disaffection toards the go$ern'ent esta%lished %"la in 4ndia shall %e !unished ith i'!rison'ent for life.

,3ACTIAL 74TIAT4: 4n a !u%lic 'eeting* ash!al* the leader of ano!!osition !art" thunders* FThis is a go$ern'ent of scoundrels* %ootleggers

and sca'sters. The" deser$e to %e unseated. Teach the' a lesson in theco'ing elections %" $oting the' out of !oerG. The go$ern'ent isconte'!lating to !rosecute ash!al.A. ash!al is guilt" of sedition for ha$ing 'ade irres!onsi%le andinfla''ator" state'ent against the go$ern'ent2. ash!al is not guilt" sedition as he is onl" e+ercising his freedo' ofs!eech in !u%licC. ash!al is guilt" of sedition as his state'ent ould incite !eo!le to$iolence leading to %readon of la and order.D. one of the a%o$e.

1. Legal ,!rinci!le: Contractual lia%ilit" is co'!letel" irrele$ant to thee+istence of lia%ilit" in tort

(Ci$il rong).

,3acts: Q !urchased a %ottle of ginger-%eer fro' a retailer. As she consu'ed'ore than Y of the contents of the %ottle* she found deco'!osed re'ains ofa snail in the %ottle. After seeing the re'ains of a snail* she fell sic at thethought of hat she consu'ed. 7he sued the 'anufacturer of the %eer fornegligence* though there is no contractual dut" on the !art of the'anufacturer. A. Q cannot sue the 'anufacturer for negligence in thea%sence of a contract2. Q can sue the retailer fro' ho' she !urchased the %eerC. Q cannot sue the retailerD. Q can sue the 'anufacturer as he had a dut" to tae care to see that%ottles did notcontain an" other su%stance than the %eer and hence lia%le to ha$e %roenthat dut".

1. Legal ,!rinci!le: An" !erson ho has recei$ed an" un/ust %enet* he&she'ust return it to the

rightful oner.

,3acts: A and 2 ere sta"ing in the sa'e hostel roo'. 2s father had sent a!arcel to hi' on his %irthda" containing e+!ensi$e gifts. This !arcel as

deli$ered to A as 2 had gone out for a 'o$ie.A. A can retain the !arcel ithout infor'ing 22. A can ee! so'e gifts fro' the !arcel and return the rest to 2C. A has to return the entire contents of the !arcel to 2D. A can infor' 2 a%out the !arcel and need not return the !arcel to 2

16. Legal ,!rinci!le: A 'an 'ust not 'ae such use of his !ro!ert"as unreasona%l" and unnecessaril" to cause incon$enience to hisneigh%ours.

,3acts: ;r. S is the oner of a !lot 'easuring 50 feet %" 60 feet. >econstructed a s'all house

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at one corner and as using the rest of the land as a co shed. >e had =0cos and is in$ol$edin selling the 'il to the !u%lic. The co dung and other astes ere o!enl"stored in a s'all 10 feet %" 6 feet tan. This constantl" !a$ed a" for %ads'ell and %reeding of 'os#uitoes. ;rs. * his neigh%our constantl"co'!lained to ;r. S %ut in $ain.

A. cannot tae an" other action against S

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2. S can do so'ething to !re$ent the foul s'ellC. can co'!lain to the !oliceD. can sue S for da'ages %ased on the incon$enience caused %" S

1E. Legal ,!rinci!le: 7!ecial da'age is the loss of so'e 'aterial ad$antage*!ecuniar" or ca!a%le of %eing esti'ated in 'one" hich arises on account of

s!ecial or unusual circu'stances aBecting the !laintiB.

,3acts: Ra/u has %een sending his Tourist cars for re!airs* 'aintenance andser$ice to Lash'i 7er$ice Centre* ho !ro'!tl" attended to all the orsduring the !ast $e "ears. >oe$er* hen Ra/u sent a ne 7u'o $an forser$icing and 'inor re!airs* he indicated to the 'anager of Lash'i 7er$iceCentre that the $ehicle 'ust %e deli$ered* dul" ser$iced* %" 10th August=010 at5 P; as three foreign tourists had %ooed the $ehicle for a !eriod of 'onths.

The $ehicle asnot deli$ered as re#uired* %ut as deli$ered onl" on 1=th August =010.Ra/u had lost the contract ith the foreign tourist and a loss of re$enueto the e+tent of Rs.0*000.A. Ra/u can sue the Lash'i 7er$ice Centre for da'ages includinge+e'!lar" or s!ecialda'ages to the e+tent of Rs.0*000&-2. Ra/u can sue Lash'i 7er$ice Centre for ordinar" da'ages for toda"s dela"C. Ra/u cannot sue Lash'i 7er$ice Centre for an" da'agesD. Ra/u can sue the ;anager of the 7er$ice Centre for da'ages.

160. Legal ,!rinci!le: The standard to deter'ine hether a !erson has %eenguilt" of negligence is

the standard of care hich* in the gi$en circu'stances* a reasona%le 'ancould ha$e foreseen.

Z ,3acts: The Agricultural Ini$ersit" constructed =00 houses for itse'!lo"ees in its !re'ises.

To huge %ore ells ere sun and 'otors ere installed. The" did not co$erthe !u'! roo's!ro!erl". A child* "ears old* fro' one of the #uarters as !la"ing near the!u'! house. n hearing the noise of the !u'!* she as curious to see the'otor. 7he touched the 'otor that as not co$ered !ro!erl" and three ofher ngers ere cut.A. The !arents of the child cannot sue the Ini$ersit" on an" grounds

2. 4n s!ite of the childs act* her !arents can successfull" sue theIni$ersit" for da'agesC. The Ini$ersit" can %e 'ade lia%le onl" to the e+tent of the cost oftreat'ent as the child also contri%uted to the incident.D. nl" child can sue and not her !arents.

161. LHKAL ,PR4C4PLH -hoe$er taes or entices an" 'inor under si+teen"ears of age if a 'ale* under eighteen "ears of age if fe'ale* or an" !ersonof unsound 'ind out of the ee!ing of the laful guardian of such 'inor* or!erson of unsound 'ind* ithout the consent of such guardian* is said toidna! that 'inor or !erson fro' laful guardianshi!. A !erson shall %e!unished ith i'!rison'ent* hich 'a" e+tend to se$en "ears if he is found

guilt" of idna!!ing fro' laful guardianshi!.

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,3ACTIAL 74TIAT4 : A%dul sta"s ith his grand!arents as his 'other andfather ere illed in a tragic road accident. he as selected in the !re'ier7aini 7chool of his state in an entrance test to stud" in class 7i+. >isgrand!arents ad'itted hi' in the school hostel. 2ut* A%dul could not co!eith the disci!lines life st"le* 'orning P.. and hours of classes each da".>e runs aa" fro' the hostel and reaches his ho'e. on the sa'e da"*the

school !rinci!al* ca!tain sadana reached his ho'e ith so'e other teachersto get hi' %ac to the hostel. A%duls grand!arents totall" refuse tocoo!erate ith the' and the" are not read" to send A%dul %ac

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A. >e should sue the cre and the cit" authorities as all of the' arelia%le %ecause of thein/ur"* e$en though not the e+tent* as foreseea%le.

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2. >e should sue onl" the cre as the" are all lia%le %ecause of thein/ur"* e$en though not the e+tent as foreseea%le.C. >e should sue onl" the cit" authorities as the" are all lia%le%ecause of the in/ur"* e$en though not the e+tent* as foreseea%le.D. >e should not sue an"one as the in/ur" as not foreseea%le.

165. ,Princi!le1: othing is an oBence done hich is done in the e+ercise of rightto !ri$ate defence

of his on %od" or the %od" of an" other !erson * against an" oBence affectingthe hu'an %od".

P=: A%et'ent to cri'e is the instigation to co''it such cri'e and !unishedas though the a%ettor has co''itted such cri'e. P: ;urder is act %" hichthe death caused is done ith the intention of causing death. Po'icide is not 'urder if the offender hilst de!ri$ed of the !oer of selfcontrol %" gra$e and sudden !ro$ocation causes the death of the !erson hoga$e the !ro$ocation or causes the death of an" other !erson %" 'istae oraccident.

,3acts: 7ince long* 7!artacus and Cri++us ere restlers and ene'ies. Theirs!ite for each other as long non %" e$er"one in their ton. ne da"hen %oth of the' 'et in the 'aret* Ashhar* a shred %utcher and a'i'icr" artist %" ho%%"* 'ade a rather a%usi$e re'ar a%out 7!artacussfa'il" in Cri++us $oice such that 7!artacus hears it. Cri++us i''ediatel"understands Ashhars 'alade intention and hits hi'. 7!artacus ho didnot hear the issue nds Cri++us at fault and to sa$e Ashhar* ills Cri++us.Decide ho is guilt".A. nl" Ashhar should %e !unished for 'urder.2. Ashhae is guilt" of 'urder and 7!artacus is not guilt" as he asacting under !ri$ate defence.C. Ashhar is guilt" of 'urder and 7!artacus is guilt" of cul!a%leho'icide not a'ounting to 'urder.D. one of the a%o$e.

16. ,Princi!le: A statute to !ro'ote !reser$ation of life and li'% can %ediso%e"ed if its o%ser$ance leads to in/ur" or a!!rehension of in/ur". ,3acts:A %rother and sister /un collectors duo* aled on the right side of thehigha" rather than the left* as the statute re#uired* %ecause the traBic inthat direction* as 'uch lighter. ?hen struc fro' %ehind* the duo led a suitagainst the dri$er clai'ing da'ages for the in/uries suBered %" the'.A. The" ould not succeed as there as contri%utor" negligence on

the !art of the duo. 2. The" ould not succeed as the" aled onthe rong side of the road.C. The" ould not succeed as the" $iolated the statuteD. The" ould succeed as the o%ser$ance of the statute ould ha$eled to in/ur" %eing caused to the duo.

16. LHKAL ,PR4C4PLH- 1. Consu'a%le goods hich are not fit for consu'!tionare non 'areta%le.

=. a consu'er shall not suffer on account of un'areta%le goods. . aseller is lia%le for noingl" selling un'areta%le goods.

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,3ACTIAL 74TIAT4: Ra' %ought a Coco-Cola %ottle fro' 7ha''a sho! .%ac at ho'e * the ser$er o!ened the %ottle and !oured the drin into theglasses of Ra' and his friend To'. As To' started drining he felt irritationin his throat . i''ediatel" * Ra' and To' too the sa'!le for test and foundconcentrated nitric acid in the content. Ra' lled a suit against 7ha''a and

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contending that it should %e #uashed. 4t co'es out during the hearing thatthe go$ernor* for the !ur!ose of his re!ort* had taen in!uts fro' his $er"close sources ho ere occu!"ing $er" sensiti$e !ositions in thead'inistration* and also so'e nes!a!ers editors ho re!orted secretl" anddirectl" to hi'.

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A. the go$ernors re!ort as totall" %onafide* and an"a"* the %asis ofsuch re!ort cannot %e challenged in the court of la2. the go$ernors re!ort ould %e #uashed and held as ultra$ires the constitution. C. the go$ernors re!ort ould %e#uashed* since it as !re!ared ith a dishonest intention.D. the i'!osition of !residents rule ould %e #uashed* since it as

done out of !urel"!olitical$endetta.

1E0. ,Princi!le: 1. ?agering agree'ents are $oid. =. >oe$er collateralagree'ents are not aBected.

,3acts: A lends Rs 10*000 to 2 in order to ena%le hi' to %et ith C as tothe result of a horse race. Can A reco$er 'one" fro' 2@A. o* A cannot reco$er the a'ount fro' 2* as it is aagering agree'ent2. es* A can reco$er the a'ount fro' 2* as it is onl" acollateral agree'ent. C. >orseracing is illegalV therefore Acannot reco$er the a'ount fro' 2.D. one ofthese

1E1. ,Princi!les: (1) 4f a !erson $oluntaril" su%/ects hi'self to so'e ris* hecannot later co'!lain as

his consent ser$es as a good defenceagainst hi'.(=) othing is an offence %" reason of an" har' hich it 'a" cause to the!erson for hose %enet it is done in good faith() A !erson is lia%le if he has the noledge that doing an act isliel" to cause death

,3acts: Ra/ara'* ho is not #ualied as a 'edical !ractitioner* !erfor'ed ano!eration ith the consent of a 7itade$i. 7itade$i died. ?hich one of thefolloing grounds ill %e 'osta!!ro!riate to deter'ine Ra/ara's lia%ilit"@ Decisions:- 1. Nolenti non fitin/uria is a co'!lete defence =. Ra/ara' had no intention to ill and has!erfor'ed the o!eration in good faith for the %enefit of 7itade$i . Ra/ara'has earlier done si'ilar o!erations ith success

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1E=. ,Princi!le: Article 1< - The 7tate shall not den" to an" !erson e#ualit"%efore la or e#ual !rotection of la. >oe$er an e+ce!tion can %e 'adeand so'e discri'ination is !er'issi%le if (i) there is a criterion to deter'ineho %elongs to the class of !eo!le ho ill %e treated s!eciall"V and(ii) there is a rational ne+us ith the !ur!ose for hich theselection is %eing 'ade.

,3acts: 3or ad'ission in the L.L. 2. course in a !re'ier la school* a certainnu'%er of seats are reser$ed for the children of e'!lo"ees and facult" of theuni$ersit". A is a candidate ho ants to a!!ear for the entrance test. 7he isondering hat she can do.A. A can challenge the uni$ersit" %ecause her right underArticle 1< is $iolated.

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2. The e+ce!tion !ro$ided co'es into o!eration here. A cannot clai'.C. A cannot clai' %ecause the restriction is onl" for the state and not forthe uni$ersit"D. A should tae the entrance test and if she doesnt get in* onl" thenshould she !roceedagainst the uni$ersit"

1E. Legal ,!rinci!le: Contract is an agree'ent freel" entered into%eteen the !arties.

,3actual situation: ta!an as a dealer in 'ustard oil.The go$ern'ent of 4ndia%" an order issued under Hssential Co''odities Act* +ed the !rice of'ustard oil* and also the #uantit" hich a !erson can %u" fro' adealer.Ta!an carried on his %usiness under this order for a hile* %ut herefused to !a" sales ta+ on his sale transactions on the grounds that theseere not the contracts freel" entered into %" hi'.A. Ta!an ould succeed %ecause the !rice and #uantit" ere notnegotiated %" hi'.2. ta!an ould not succeed %ecause free consent %eteen the !arties

ere there des!ite the restrictions on !rice and #uantit".C. >e ould succeed %ecause the go$ern'ent under ne order forcedhi' into contract. D. %oth (a) and (c)

1E

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firing in the air. As the" ere fleeing fro' the far'* he red and illed oneof the'. At the trial(4) Q can a$ail the right of !ri$ate defence as he as defending his life and!ro!ert"(44) Q cannot a$ail the right as he failed to infor' the !olice

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(444) Q cannot a$ail the right as he caused 'ore har' than as necessar" toard oB the danger(4N) Q can a$ail of the right as at st he onl" red in the airA. 4and 4N 2.44 onl"

C. 44and 444 D.4N onl"

1E. ,3acts: ;r. ,Q deli$ered a lecture at a local Rotar" Clu% in fa$our of anaccused ho is !rosecuted for assaulting a !olice oBicer. >e said that theaccused is a $icti' of !re$ailing corru!tion in the /udiciar" and he nosthat the accused is going to %e !unished %" the Court for %eing honest. ;r.,Q is charged for co''itting conte'!t of Court.,!rinci!le: A !erson shall not %e guilt" of conte'!t of Court on the groundthat he has !u%lished (hether %" ords* s!oen or ritten* or %" signs or %"$isi%le re!resentations* or otherise) an" 'atter hich interferes or tends tointerfere ith or o%structs or tends to o%struct* the course of /ustice inconnection ith an" ci$il or cri'inal !roceeding !ending at that ti'e of!u%lication* if at that ti'e he had no reasona%le grounds for %elie$ing thatthe !roceeding as !ending.A. ;r. ,Q has not co''itted conte'!t of Court. Do not circulate\4nfringe'ent ofco!"rights can in$ite a sentence of /ail orne or %oth. 2. ;r. ,Q has co''ittedconte'!t of Court.C. ;r. ,Q has dishonored the Court.D. ;r. ,Q shall %e ac#uitted %ecause he is an honest 'an.

1E6. ,Princi!le: The go$ern'ent can %e sued for the negligent acts of itsser$ants* hich causes da'age e+ce!t for acts !erfor'ed as !art of aso$ereign function of the Ko$ern'ent. H+!lanation: A so$ereign function isone hich is necessar" for conduct of state aBairs and can %e !erfor'edonl" %" the Ko$ern'ent.,3acts: The !u%lic health %ureau seies so'e fruits fro' the sho! of ;r.Chiron/ilal for the !ur!ose of testing. 2" the ti'e the" return fro' testing*the" are s!oilt and unusa%le. Chiron/ilal ass to %e co'!ensated for the fruit.A. The !u%lic health %ureau is not !erfor'ing an" !art ofKo$ern'ent or that is necessar" for running the aBairs of a 7tate.2. I!ee! of !u%lic health is a necessar" function of 7tate and thus*so$ereign function i''unit" a!!lies.C. Pu%lic health de!art'ent is not lia%le %ecause it returned the'in reasona%le ti'e. D. Pu%lic health de!art'ent is lia%le if the"didnt gi$e hi' ade#uate notice %efore

1EE. ,Princi!le: A 'aster is lia%le for the acts co''itted %" his ser$ant in thecourse of e'!lo"'ent.

,3act: ;ahesh as dri$er oring in a co'!an" Li!ton and Co. ne da"* the;anager ased hi' to dro! a custo'er at the air!ort and get %ac at theearliest. n his a" %ac fro' the air!ort* he ha!!ened to see his anc]Roo!a aiting for a %us to go ho'e. >e offered to dro! her at ho'e* hichha!!ened to %e close to his oBice. 7he got into the car and soon thereafterV

the car so'ersaulted due to the negligence of ;ahesh. Roo!a as thron

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out of the car and suffered 'ulti!le in/uries. 7he sees co'!ensation fro'Li!ton and Co. Ansers:A. Li!ton and Co.* shall %e lia%le* %ecause ;ahesh as in the course ofe'!lo"'ent at the ti'e of accident2. Li!ton and Co.* shall not %e lia%le* ;ahesh as not in the course ofe'!lo"'ent hen he too Roo!a inside the car.

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C. Roo!a got into the car at her on ris* and therefore* shecannot sue an"%od". D. one of the a%o$e

=00. ,PR4C4PLH (1)- 4f there is undue in8uence on a !art" to anagree'ent* he 'a" refuse to !erfor' an agree'ent.,PR4C4PLH (=)-?hen one !art" in an agree'ent is in a !osition to do'inate

the ill of theother !art" and he uses his !osition o$er the other !art" to get the other!art"s consent to the agree'ent* this is undue in8uence.,3ACT-The landlord ass the tenant to agree to increase the rent to dou%lethe !re$ious a'ount or to $acate the house. The tenant had to agree todou%le the !re$ious rent and continue li$ing in the house. >e thereafterrefuses to !a". ?hich one is the 'ost a!!ro!riate@A. Tenant has to !a" the ne rent.2. Tenant has to !a" the ne rent and continue to occu!" the house.C. Tenant has to !a" the old rent %ut $acate the house ithin areasona%le ti'e. D. one of the a%o$e