4.54 billion years 4.60 billion years first life 3.8 billion-year-old first hominids 6-7 mya age of...
TRANSCRIPT
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4.54 billion years4.60 billion years
First life3.8 billion-year-old
First hominids 6-7 mya
Age of universe: 13.7 bya
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Decoding Evidence Activity• 4 stations• Group of 2• Provide a brief
description of each evidence
• Anticipation:Collectively, what conclusion can you deduce about Earth from these evidence?
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How do we know the Earth is round?
https://www.ted.com/talks/how_simple_ideas_lead_to_scientific_discoveries (1:13 to 4:06)
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Earth’s axis of rotation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9n04SEzuvXo
viewed from North pole Earth rotates
counter-clockwise
viewed from South pole
Earth rotates clockwise
Is 23.5o tilted
SUN
• Earth rotates eastward toward the Sun
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How rotation differs from revolution?Rotation Revolution
The turning of an object around an imaginary axis running through itE.g. Earth’s rotation takes 24 hrs
The rotation of an object around an external axis (e.g. another object)E.g. Earth’s revolution around the Sun is 365.24 daysLeap year anyone?
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When it is summer in the northern hemisphere, it is winter in the southern hemisphere. Why?
Watch: MIT video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pgq0LThW7QA
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Reason for seasons
• Answer: because of Earth’s tilt
• In summer months: Northern hemisphere toward the Sun
• In winter months: Northern hemisphere away from Sun
• The opposite happens to Southern hemisphere
Earth’s orbit around the sun is elliptical (oval or egg-shaped)• Our winter = Earth closest to sun• Our summer = Earth furthest from the
sun
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Please read Activity 7-2 p 285 for tomorrowBring your textbook
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Hands-on exploration: Activity 7-2 p 285Examining the effect of Earth’s tilt on the differential amount of sunlight received on Earth’s surfaces
Answer question 1-4 for HW
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Extra slides if time permit
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Why Earth keeps on spinning?
• Has to do with the way it was formed
• Formed from spinning gas and dust
• Inertia makes our planet keep on spinning unless there is a force to stop it
Axis of rotation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQxeutcYP6I
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A tour beneath our feet
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NAHY6965o08
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Solstices• Solstice occurs when the
Sun shine directly on one of the two tropics because the tilt of the Earth’s axis reaches its maximum angle compared to the Sun
• During the June Solstice the rays of the Sun shine directly on the Tropic of Cancer; longest day
Occur on June 21 and Dec 21
• During the December Solstice the Sun’s rays shine on the Tropic of Capricorn; longest night
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Equinox• As the Earth moves
around its orbit, it reaches two points during the year where the tilt of its axis causes it to be straight relative to the Sun.
• Thus, the Sun will shine directly on the equator
• On Mar 20 and Sep 22