48 0672329425 index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 pm page 859...

Symbols* (asterisk) wildcard, shell pattern-matching

searches, 257, 471= (equal sign) string expression operators, 724\\ escape sequence, 605! (exclamation point) logical comparison operators,

214, 728[ ] operator, arrays, adding value to, 602? (question mark) wildcard, shell pattern-matching

searches, 257# run-parts lines (/etc/crontab file), 252#! (she-bang), 565, 714-715!= string expression operators, 724\x wildcard, shell pattern-matching searches, 257$# built-in variable (shell scripts), 720$* built-in variable (shell scripts), 720$0 built-in variable (shell scripts), 720$? built-in variable (shell scripts), 720/bin directory commands, 84/etc directory commands, 84-85/etc/at.allow file, 251/etc/at.deny file, 251/etc/crontab file, 252/etc/exports file, 416-417/etc/fstab file, 230

file systems, mounting automatically, 777-779options, 416options of, 777

/etc/group file, 210/etc/group files, 210/etc/host.conf files, DNS client configuration, 513/etc/host.conf network configuration file, 307/etc/hosts files, DNS client configuration, 514-515/etc/hosts network configuration file, 305/etc/inittab file

default runlevel, determining, 237runlevels, determining, 238

/etc/modprobe.conf file, 793/etc/nsswitch.conf network configuration file, 306,

513-514/etc/passwd files, 205, 221-222/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd, Apache web servers,

starting with, 361-362/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit files, 236/etc/resolv.conf network configuration file, 306,

515/etc/samba/smb.conf file, Samba, configuring,

425-428/etc/services network configuration file, 306/etc/skel files, 213/etc/squid/squid.conf configuration file, 503/etc/sudoers file, 227-228/etc/sysconfig/network network configuration

file, 307/etc/vsftpd.banned emails configuration file, 453/etc/vsftpd.chroot list configuration file, 453

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 859

/etc/vsftpd.user list configuration file, 453/etc/xen configuration files, 350/etc/xinetd.conf, configuration files, 245/home directory commands, 86/proc directory commands, 86-87/proc file system, 261/sbin directory commands, 84/tmp directory commands, 88/usr directory, 58, 88/usr/bin subdirectory, 58/usr/include subdirectory, 58/usr/lib subdirectory, 58/usr/lib/modules subdirectory, 58/usr/lib/X11 subdirectory, 58/usr/src/kernels/linux-2.6/configs directory, 799/usr/src/kernels/yourkernelversion directory, 789/usr/src/linux/init/main.c file, 259/var directory commands, 88/var/log/vsftpd.log configuration file, 453/var/log/xferlog files, fields, list of, 475-476/var/spool/cron directory, 25300-INDEX file, 7893D acceleration, 563D graphics cards, 194-19564-bit Fedora, 818-819

A-a logical comparison operators, 728a2p command, 577a2ps command, 183AbiWord (Gnome Office), 142-143abiword command, 148Abort command (emacs text editor), 96ac command, 214, 231Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP), 833accept command, 183, 191, 443access control

Apache web servers, 372-377wu-ftpd servers, configuring, 456-459

access control directives (ftpaccess configuration file)

blocking host’s server access, 457defining user classes, 457limiting anonymous user access, 456limiting number of invalid password

entries, 459limiting permissions based on individual

ID, 458restricting number of users in classes, 458restricting permissions based on Group IDs,

458access control lists. See ACLsaccess points, wireless networks, 659accounts (user), 205-207

activities, monitoring, 214-215attributes, changing, 214

command-line tools, 231database accounts, managing, 390default shell, changing, 214disk quotas, 229-231etc/passwd files, 205file ownership, 206home directories, creating, 213managing, 212-214passwords

managing, 220-225updating, 213

permissionsassigning, 216directory permissions, 217-219managing, 215-220suid (set user ID) permissions, 219-220

regular users, 206root accounts, 78-79

creating, 29-30working as, 102-105

standard users, 207super-user accounts, 78, 206system administration privileges, granting,

225-229system users, 207users

adding, 207-208, 213deleting, 213locking out of, 214stereotypes, 209UIDs (user IDs), 209

ACLs (Access Control Lists), 503-507,544-545, 759

actions (PHP loops), 613activities, users, monitoring, 214-215ad blocking via caching nameservers, 523-524Add a New Printer dialog box, 185Add New Device Type dialog box, 299-300Add or Remove Packages dialog box, 336add-on postfixes, 469add-on prefixes, 468adding

groups, 211users, 213

to groups, 211user accounts, 207-208

Additional device driver support subsection (kernel), 806

address-based virtual hosting, Apache web server, 383

adduser command, 207-208, 213administration

DBAs (database administrators), 389-390disk quotas, 229-231FTP servers, commands, 471-476groups, 209-212LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol),

558-559

/etc/vsftpd.user list configuration file860

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 860

passwords, managing, 220-225permissions, 215-220user accounts, 205-207

/etc/passwd files, 205activity monitoring, 214-215adding users, 207-208, 213attribute changes, 214command-line tools, 231default shell changes, 214deleting, 213file ownership, 206home directories, 213locking, 214managing, 212-214password updates, 213regular users, 206root users, 206standard users, 207stereotypes, 209super-users, 206system administration privileges, 225-229system users, 207UIDs (user IDs), 209, 225-227usage statistics, 215

administration privileges, regular users, grantingto, 225-229

administrative tools, system services, controllingat boot, 242-245

Adobe Photoshop, GIMP (GNU Image ManipulationProgram), compared, 153

“Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide,” 736, 851Advanced Perl Programming, 578Advanced PHP Programming, 627afio backup application, 286AFPL Ghostscript, 185AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port), 833AIGLX, 56-57alias command, 466-467aliases

email forwarding, Sendmail, 488shell scripts, 712

All switch (Options directive), 371all-in-one (print/fax/scan) devices,

troubleshooting, 442allow directive, Apache web servers, 373-374AllowOverrides directive (Apache web server), 372Almesberger, Werner, 259ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) sound

card drivers, 169Amanda backup application, 284-285Amateur radio support subsection (kernel), 805Amazon.com, Linux, use of, 814amdump command, 295Ameritrade, Linux, use of, 814Amiga partitions (file system), 760Anaconda, Fedora, installing, 19Annotated C++ Reference Manual, The, 639

How can we make this index more useful? Email us at [email protected]

anon mkdir write enable setting (vstfpd serveranonymous access control), 452

anon other write enable setting (vstfpd server anonymous access control), 452

anon upload enable setting (vstfpd server anonymous access control), 452

anon world readable only setting (vstfpd serveranonymous access control), 453

anonymous access, controlling vsftpd servers,452-453

anonymous enable setting (vstfpd serveranonymous access control), 452

anonymous FTP servers, 445-446, 455Apache Project, 386Apache Server Unleashed, 387Apache Software Foundation, 354Apache web servers, 353

access control, 372-377authentication, 372-376AuthGroupFile directive, 376AuthName directive, 376AuthUserFile directive, 376configuration directives, 360configure script, running, 358development of, 353-354directives, AuthType directive, 376downloading, 354dynamic modules, 360experimental versions, 356from RPM, 356-357graphic interface, configuring, 364-366.htaccess file, 371httpd.conf file, 367-370installing, 355-359intranet websites, 384logging, 384-386modules, 377-382MPMs (multiprocessing modules), 370online documentation, 354optimizing, 675-676peak performance, configuring for, 366popularity of, 353references, 386runtime configuration directives, 367runtime server configuration settings, 367-372security reports, 355servers, configuring, 366source code, building, 357-359starting, 359-364static modules, 360virtual host properties, configuring, 365-366virtual hosting, 382-384

apachectl command, 386append( ) method, Python, 586Application.Run( ) method, 649

Application.Run( ) method 861

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 861

applications, 46games, 47GIMP, 152-154Internet workstation, 46multimedia, 47office suite, 46productivity applications, 129-148

commands for, 148CrossOver Office, 147Gnome Office, 142-145Hnacom Office, 146KOffice, 144-147Microsoft Windows derived applications,

147-148OpenOffice.org, 129-141websites, 148Wine, 147WordPerfect Office 2000, 146

Rhythmbox, 149-152SANE (Scanner Easy Now Easy), 153-155Timidity, 171updating, 47-49

Applications menu, 43apropos subject command (Linux), 82ar command, 638archives, files, restoring, 281-282arithmetic operators, Perl programming

language, 569ark command, 295ark tool, backups, creating, 283-284ARPANet, 111array data type (PHP), 601array functions, PHP, 618-620array( ) pseudo-function, 602arrays

cursors, 602elements, 602Perl, 566-567PHP, 602-603

array_keys( ) array function, 619array_unique( ) array function, 618arsort( ) array function, 619Art of UNIX Programming, The, 683, 710articles, newsgroups, 124as command, 638ash shell, 254ash.static shell, 254asort( ) array function, 619assigning permissions, 97-98, 216asterisks, password files, 221at command, tasks, scheduling, 249-251ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support subsection

(kernel), 805ATI All-in-Wonder VE display card, 173ATI video drivers

installing, 194-195Linux drivers, 202

atomicity, databases, 399

ATRpms, 176ATrpms yum repository, 755attacks, 655-657

disaster recovery plans, creating, 664-665external attacks, 655internal attacks, 655-656viruses, 662vulnerabilities, assessing, 657-658

attributesfiles, inodes, 759users, changing, 214

audio, volume, adjusting, 169-170Audio Format FAQ, 171, 177AuthConfig switch (AllowOverrides directive), 372authenticated FTP servers, 445-446authentication, Apache web servers, 372-376authoritative nameservers, 517AuthType directive, Apache web server, 376AutoCaption options (Writer), 135autoconfig utility (C/C++ programming language),

633, 638autofs command, 418autohacking, 656automating tasks, shell scripts, 718-720automating tasks, 233autoresponders, 497avi file format, 174Axis Linux-based cameras website, 157

Bbackground processing, 258backreferencing, 625-626backslashes, shell scripts, 723backticks, shell scripts, 723backups

best practices, 274configuration files, 272consultants, 273data loss, causes, 272-273files, copying, 286-289frequency of, determining, 273full backups, 276-277hardware, 277-279inheriting, 275kernel, 799mirroring data, 277needs, assessing, 273-274principles of, 274references, 295-296resources, assessing, 273-274software, 280-286strategies, choosing, 271-277system rescues, 289-295Unix levels, 275

badblocks command, 673Bagwell, Chris, 171

applications862

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Ball, Jimmy, 259Balling, Derek, 681balsa command, 499bangs, 214, 565, 714Banyan Vines, 297Base (OpenOffice.org), 131bash command, comparison of expressions,

724-729bash shell, 254basic directories, Linux, 81Basic Fonts options (Writer), 135Basic Input Output System. See BIOSbatch command, tasks, scheduling, 249-251batch passwords, changing, 225Battle for Wesnoth, installing, 199-200Beagle, Mono libraries, searching, 647-650Beekmans, Gerard, 851beep codes, 234Behlendorf, Brian, 354Benchmarks, optimization, 669Berkeley Internet Name Domain. See BINDBerners-Lee, Tim, 111biff command, 499bin directory, commands, 84binary patching, 346BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain), 511

configuration tool, 541-542domains, providing DNS for, 524-534logging, 532-533real domains, providing DNS for, 535-538resolver configuration, 533-534website, 549

BIOS (Basic Input Output System), 233boot loading process, starting, 234-235disk drives, tuning, 670hard drive detection, 779hardware problem detection, 234passwords, 29

“BIOS Optimization Guide,” 259Bitwizard.nl, 846blade servers, 345Block devices subsection (kernel), 804blocks, file systems, 758-762Bluecurve, 54Bluetooth support subsection (kernel), 805bmp (bitmapped graphics) file format, 155BOFHs, 209bonnie benchmarking tool, 681boolean data type (PHP), 601boot code, 234boot floppy disks, system boots, performing, 292boot loaders, 233-235

BootMagic, 235choosing, 25-26configuring, 26-27errors, troubleshooting, 808-809GRUB boot loader, 39, 235


installing, 25LILO, 235passwords, 29, 659

boot loading process, starting, 234-235boot process, 233

init scripts, 241-242kernel, loading, 235-236runlevels

changing, 246troubleshooting, 247-248

system servicescontrolling, 242-245runlevels, 236running, 245-246starting and stopping manually, 248

boot times, changing, 32boot.iso boot images, 15Bootable Business Cards, 845booting

dual boots, 17, 26into default runlevel, 237-240into nondefault runlevels, 240-241systems

boot floppy disks, 292GRUB (Grand Unified Boot Loader) disk,

292-293Recovery Facility (installation disc),

293-295rescue disc, 291

BootMagic boot loader, 235Bootp, 300bootup services, running at, 234-246Borland, Linux, use of, 814break statements

shell scripts, 734switch/case blocks (PHP), 611-612

bridges, networks, 662Brooktree Bt*** video chipset, 172browsing Internet, 111-113brute-forcing logins, 339BSD partitions (file system), 760BSD-style parameters, 701Bsdftp-ssl servers, 447bsh shell, 254BugTraq, 665building source code, Apache web servers,

357-359built-in functions, PHP, 615-626built-in variables (shell scripts), 715, 720-721bunzip2 command, 83Burian, Michael, 851burning DVDs, 161-168Bus options subsection (kernel), 804business considerations, Fedora, 822-825businesses

Fedora, business-related features, 816-818Linux, use of, 814

businesses 863

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 863

BusyBox, 294bzDisk directive, 800bzImage directive, 800bzip2 command, 83

CC How to Program and C++ How to Program, 639C programming language, development of,

629-630C#

programs, Mono, 644-645website, 652

C# Programming Language, The, 652C/C++ programming language

development of, 630gnn (GNU C compiler), 635-636graphical development tools, 636-638project management tools, 630-635references, 639

caching nameservers, configuring, 522-524Calc (OpenOffice.org), 130, 136

data, summarizing, 139-141formatting, 138-139starting, 137-138summarizing data with, 140

cancel command, 183, 191, 443capitalize( ) method, Python, 584capturing screen images, 157caricatures (users), 209case statements, shell scripts, 733-734case-sensitive functions, 616cat command, 685-687cat filename command, 82cd command, 685-689CD Player, 150CD-ROM file systems, 767CD-ROM installation, Fedora, 14-15CD-ROM/DVD drives, installation via, 838CD-RW drives, 278cdbackup backup application, 286CDCopyWorld.com, 177cdrecord command, 165-166CDs

burning, 161-168erasing, 166overburning, 166

Cedegagaming, 193Windows games, playing, 201-202

certification courses (Linux), 850cervisia command, 638change command, 231Changes options (Writer), 135Character devices subsection (kernel), 806

characters, special characters, shell scripts,721-723

chattr command, 673, 759chfn command, 231chgrp command, 211, 216, 219, 231chkconfig command, 249

Apache web servers, controlling, 363-364grep command, 242system services, configuring, 242-244

chmod command, 218, 231, 430, 685, 689, 712chown command, 215, 219, 231, 400chpasswd command, 225, 231Christiansen, Tom, 577-578chroot command, 294, 543Chroot-BIND-HOWTO, 550chsh command, 214, 231, 258CIDR (classless interdomain routing), 508Class A networks, 312Class B networks, 312Class C networks, 312Class D networks, 312Class E networks, 312classes

networks, 312Python scripting language, 592-595

classless interdomain routing (CIDR), 508Clearlooks, 54CLI (command-line interpreter), 684client IP addresses, Squid proxy servers,

specifying, 508client software, DHCP client software, installing,

315-316clients

configuring, LDAP (Lightweight DirectoryAccess Protocol), 557-558

database clients, 389, 408-413DNS, configuring for, 512-516email clients, 114-119Ethereal client, 270front end, compared, 410Glade client, 637-638gs client, 179IRC (Internet Relay Chat) clients, 122, 226KDevelop client, 636-637NFS clients, configuring, 418remote clients, handling, 57switchback client (X Windows System), 72-73system-config-keyboard client, 85system-config-printer client, 179terminal clients, X Windows System, 58xosview client, discontinuation of, 267

CMSes (Content Management System), 597CN (common name), LDAP, 552, 555Coda network file system, 761code, debugging, symbolic debugging, 635code blocks, Python scripting language, 596Code maturity level options subsection

(kernel), 804

BusyBox864

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 864

codecs, 174Codeweavers.com, 178column level privileges (MySQL), 402Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars, 201command-line, 77-80

/bin directory commands, 84/etc directory commands, 84-85/home directory commands, 86/proc directory commands, 86-87/sbin directory commands, 84/tmp directory commands, 88/usr directory commands, 88/var directory commands, 88accessing, 45CD/DVDs, burning, 164-168CLI (command-line interpreter), 684compressed files, managing, 83-84file system, navigating, 80-82files, managing, 82-83processes, controlling, 262references, 710rpm command, 739shell command line, 255-256

command-line clients (MySQL), 411-412command-line clients (PostgreSQL), 413command-line errors, Perl programming language,

troubleshooting, 565command-line interpreter. See CLIcommand-line network interface configuration

tools, networks, 300-304command-line scripting languages, Python, 581

conditionals, 588-590dictionaries, 587functions, 590-591interfaces, 580Linux, 579-580lists, 585-587looping, 588-590modules, 596numbers, 581-582OOP (object-oriented programming), 591-596operator overloading, 585references, 597strings, 581-584typecasting, 582Vaults of Parnassus, 596website, 597

command-line tools, Mono, 642-644commands. See also names of specific commands

/bin directory, 84/etc directory, 84-85/home directory, 86/proc directory, 86-87/sbin directory, 84/tmp directory, 88/usr directory, 88/var directory, 88


dynamically linked commands, 84GNU commands, 82job-control commands, 255locations, printing, 704productivity applications, 148SSH servers, 337-341statically linked commands, 84

commentsPHP, 604shell scripts, 712

commercial support, Linux and Red Hat, 850common log format (Apache web server), 385common name (CN), LDAP, 552, 555Common Unix Printing System. See CUPSCommuniGate Pro, 498comparison of expressions, 724

file comparison operators, 727-728logical comparison operators, 728-729number comparisons, 725-727shell scripts, 724-729string comparisons, 724-725

comparison operators, Perl programming language, 568

compatibility, hardware, checking, 830-831Compatibility options (Writer), 135compiled languages, 630compiling kernel, 798-808Compiz window manager, 56compound operators, Perl programming

language, 569compressed files, managing, command line, 83-84compressed fonts, X Windows System,

support for, 57Computer Associates, Linux, use of, 814computer attacks, 655-657

disaster recovery plans, creating, 664-665external computer attacks, 655internal computer attacks, 655-656viruses, 662vulnerabilities, assessing, 657-658

Computer icon, 41, 44-45Computing Research Laboratory (CRL), 332CONCAT( ) function, 396Concise Guide to DNS and BIND, The, 549conditional statements

Perl programming language, 570-571PHP, 608-611

conditionals, Python scripting language, 588-590conditions (PHP loops), 613Config HOWTO Software Configuration

document, 232configuration

anonymous FTP servers, 455Apache web servers

for peak performance, 366graphic interfaces, 364-366

configuration 865

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runtime server configuration settings,367-372

server, 366virtual host properties, 365-366

boot loaders, 26-27caching nameservers, 522-524clients, LDAP, 557-558DHCP, network hosts, 316-318dial-up Internet access, 324-331disk quotas, manually configuring, 230-231display managers, 68-70.DNS clients, 512-516dual-boot configuration, 840Evolution email client, 114-117Fedora, network configuration, 27Fetchmail, 491-494firewalls, 34, 663-664firstboot, 34-38FTP servers, file-conversion actions, 468-470GNOME, 55kernel, 801-806local printers, 185-191loopback interfaces, manually, 308-309monitors, 64MySQL, 400-403network interfaces, 300-302network-attached printers, 435-436NFS (Network File System) clients, 418NFS (Network File System) servers, 416-418NICs, 310OpenOffice.org, 131-133Postfix, 490PostgreSQL, 403-408PPPoE connections, 323-324print services, 181-182resolver, 533-534routing tables, 303-304Samba

with /etc/samba/smb.conf file, 425-428with SWAT, 421-425with system-config-samba, 420-421

Sendmail, 484-485email forwarding, 488email rejection, 488-489mail relaying, 487masquerading, 485message delivery intervals, 486sendmail.cf file, 487smart hosts, 485-486

servers, LDAP (Lightweight Directory AccessProtocol), 552-556

sound cards, 169Squid proxy servers, 502-503, 509-510SSH servers, 336-337system services, 242-244Telnet servers, 336Tripwire security tool, 660-661vsftpd servers, 452-455

wireless networks, 49-51wu-ftpd servers, 455-467X Windows System, 64-67, 74-75Xen virtualization system, runtime

configuration, 349-350xinetd daemons for wu-ftpd servers, 450-452yum tool, 750-751

configuration directives, Apache web servers, 360configuration files

/etc directory, 84-85/etc/xen, 350/etc/xinetd.conf, 245backing up, 272network configuration files, 305-307ppp.linkup file, 486resolver configuration files, 513

configuration tools, networks, 297-298command-line network interface configuration

tools, 300-304graphical configuration tools, 298-300network configuration files, 305-307

configure script, Apache web server, running, 358connected user information, FTP servers,

displaying, 472connections

FTP servers, allowing/denying, 470-471Internet, 818Internet connections, networks, 320-323PPPoE, configuring manually, 323-324

consoleprinting, controlling, 440-442X Windows System, starting, 71-72

console-based monitoring, 261-263console-based text editors, Linux, 93Console.WriteLine( ) method, 645consoles, virtual consoles, 79constants

PHP, 603-604string constants, Perl, 570

constructors, Python scripting language, 593consultants, backups, 273consumer-related features, Fedora, 818Content Management Systems (CMSes), 597control structures. See looping constructscontroller cards, 830controllerless modems, problems, preparing

for, 832controlling printing, console, 440-442convert command, 155convert utility, 156converting graphics, 155Cooper, Mendel, 736Cooper, Michael, 851Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), 708copying files, 286

between machines, 338-339cp command, 288, 689-690

configuration866

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM 66

mc (Midnight Commander) tool, 288-289tar tool, 286-287

Core shells, 254CoyoteLinux.com, 846cp command, 295, 685, 712

configuration files, backing up, 272files, copying, 288, 689-690

cp file1 file2 command, 82CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network),

576-577cpio command, 295CPUs (central processing units), 830, 833-834crackers, hackers, compared, 656cramfs modules (file system), 758CREATE DATABASE command, 401CREATE statement (SQL), 393-394createdb command, 413createrepo command, 754-755createuser command, 413CRL (Computing Research Laboratory), 332cron daemon

crontab files, reading, 253jobs, running repeatedly, 251-254scheduling tasks, 249

crontab files, 253CrossOver Office, 147-148Cryptographic options subsection (kernel), 806csh shell, 255CUPS (Common Unix Printing System), 179-181,

437-440local printers, configuring, 185-191PostScript Printer Description (.ppd) files, 179print services, 181-185printers, managing, 433printer entries, creating, 437printer queues, creating, 438schedulers, 180website, 440, 444

current directory, files, listing, 698-699Cursor down command (emacs text editor), 96Cursor left command (emacs text editor), 96Cursor movement command (vi text editor), 94Cursor right command (emacs text editor), 96Cursor up command (emacs text editor), 96cursors, arrays, 602CustomLog directive (Apache web server), 386cvs command, 638

D-d file comparison operators, 727daemons

cron daemon, 251-254mail daemons, 497named domains, 549


smbd daemons, starting, 429-430xinetd daemons, 245-246, 450-452

Dag Wieers yum repository, 755data directory, PostgreSQL, initializing, 404-405data integrity, ensuring, 390data lookups, databases, 398-399data loss, causes, 272-273data protection, databases, 399data retrieval, SQL (structured query language),

395-397data structures, Perl programming language,

566-568data types, PHP, 600-601database clients, maintaining, 389database servers, maintaining, 389database accounts, managing, 390database administrators. See DBAsdatabase clients, installing, 389database level privileges (MySQL), 402database servers, installing, 389database users, PostgreSQL, 406-407databases, 390

atomicity, 399data integrity, ensuring, 390data lookups, 398-399data protection, 399database clients, 408-413flat file databases, 390-391local-GUI-client access, database clients, 410MySQL, 397-403PostgreSQL, 397-408procedural languages, 400queries, subqueries, 399records, 395relational databases, 390-393security, 390SQL (structured query language), 393-397SSH access, database clients, 409-410triggers, 400Web access, database clients, 410-411

date command, 264date shell command, 708-709Dawson, Terry, 851DBAs (database administrators), 389-390dc command, 552dd command, 295, 782de Icaza, Miguel, 54Debian Project, 828debugging, symbolic debugging, 635debugging tools, C/C++ programming language,

634-635declarations (PHP loops), 613DECNET, 297default port, Squid proxy servers, 504default runlevels, booting into, 237-240default shell, users, changing, 214define( ) function, 604

define( ) function 867

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defining strings, PHP, 606definitions, runlevels, 236-237Deitel, Harvey M., 639Deitel, Paul J., 639delegation, DNS, troubleshooting, 538-539Delete character command (emacs text editor), 96Delete character command (vi text editor), 94Delete line command (emacs text editor), 96Delete line command (vi text editor), 94deleting

groups, 211users, 104, 213

delivery intervals, Sendmail, configuring, 486Dell Computer

Linux, use of, 814Linux information pages, 845

deny directive, Apache web servers, 373-374dependency checking, 631deployment, Fedora, planning, 822-827depmod command, modules, managing, 792description field (ftpconversions file), 470designer command, 638desktop (Fedora), 41-43Desktop Effects tool, 56desktop environments

AIGLX, 56-57GNOME, 53-55KDE, 73-74XFce, 74-75

desktops, graphical desktops, 88destructors, Python scripting language, 593device drivers, 790device labels, 778Device section (xorg.conf file), 59, 62-63devices.txt document, 789df command, 785dhclient command, 331DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol), 298-299,

314-315, 319, 512client software, installing, 315-316DNS client configuration, 516Dynamic DNS, 315IP masquerading, 319network hosts, configuring, 316-318ports, 320references, 332

DHCP Handbook, The, 319, 333dhcpd.conf file, 317Dia (OpenOffice.org), 131dial-up Internet access, configuring, 324-331dictionaries

OpenOffice.org, 133Python scripting language, 587

dig (Domain Information Groper) tool,nameservers, querying, 519

dig command, 549digital cameras, 157-161

Digital Hermit.com, 810digital images, managing, 818Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), 320directives

Apache web serversallow directive, 373-374AuthType directive, 376configuration directives, 360deny directive, 373-374runtime configuration directives, 367

bzDisk, 800bzImage, 800httpd.conf file, 368-370MPMs (multiprocessing modules), 370zImage, 800

directories/bin directory, commands, 84/etc directory, commands, 84-85/home directory, commands, 86/proc directory, commands, 86-87/sbin directory, commands, 84/tmp directory, commands, 88/usr directory, commands, 88/var directory, commands, 88changing, cd command, 687-689creating, mkdir command, 700deleting, rm command, 701-702files, listing, 698-699LDAP, populating, 554-556Linux, basic directories, 81user directories, protecting, 86

directory permissions, 98-100, 217-219DirectoryIndex directive (httpd.conf file), 370dirlist enable setting (vsftpd server default

settings), 455dirmessage enable setting (vsftpd server default

settings), 455disable command, 183, 191, 443disaster recovery plans, 664-665disk drives

SCSI disk drives, 791tuning, 670

disk file systems, 760-761CD-ROM file systems, 767DOS file systems, 766-767ext3 file system, 762-765reiser file system, 766

disk quotas, 229-231, 267disk usage statistics, printing, du command,

690-691display banners, 463display managers, 57, 68-70Display Settings main screen (system-config-

display client), 64-65displaying

connected user information, FTP servers, 472free/used memory, 266-267

defining strings, PHP868

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network status, 304Portable Document Format (PDF)

documents, 184PostScript documents, 184

Displaying the Contents of the env Hash listing(25.2), 567

distinguished names (DNs), LDAP, 552-554distributed processing, X Windows System, 57distribution, Linux, text editors, 93-95Divx file format, 174DNS (Domain Name System), 298, 511-512

ACLs (access control lists), defining, 544-545authentication, 526BIND, 511, 524-538caching nameservers, configuring, 522-524clients, configuring for, 512-516configuring, 513dig tool, 519DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions), 547-548domain names, 516-517domains. See domainsdotted quad IP addresses, 511Dynamic DNS, DHCP, 315forward lookups, 518forward zones, 535-537FQDN (fully qualified domain name), 516host tool, 520informational websites, 543, 549installing, 525local caches, 518logging, 533name resolution, 518named nameserver daemon, running, 534nameservers, querying, 519-521nsloopup command, 520-521potential problem host alerts, 546-547queries, controlling, 545-546real domains, providing for, 535-538related commands, 549resolvers, 517reverse lookups, 518reverse zones, 537-538RR (resource records), 516security, managing, 542-549split DNS, 548-549structure of, 516third-party DNS services, 524tools, 518troubleshooting, 538-542upgrading, 525whois command, 521-522whois servers, querying, 521-522zone file, 532zone transfers, controlling, 546

DNs (distinguished names), LDAP, 552-554DNS HOWTO for BIND, 550DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions), 547-548do…until loops, Perl programming language, 574


do…while loops, Perl programming language, 574documentation

finding, 851reading, 105-107

DocumentRoot directive (httpd.conf file), 369dom0, Xen virtualization system, 347domain 0, 347domain components, 552Domain Name System. See DNSdomains

DNS (domain name system), 511ACLs (access control lists), 544-545BIND, 511configuring clients for, 512-516DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC),

547-548nameservers, 517providing for, 524-534providing for real domains, 535-538query control, 545-546registering, 538security management, 542-549split DNS, 548-549third-party DNS services, 524troubleshooting, 538-542zone transfers, 546

domain 0, 347FQDN (fully qualified domain name), 516named domains, 549unprivileged domains, 347

domU, Xen virtualization system, 347Doom 3, installing, 195-196DOS file systems, 766-767

creating, 772, 774low-level formatting, 772

dots per inch (dpi), 154dotted quad IP addresses, 511double quotes, shell scripts, 722download enable setting (vsftpd server default

settings), 455dpi (dots per inch), 154Drake, Joshua, 851Draw (OpenOffice.org), 131Dries’s yum repository, 755drive geometry, 768drivers

3D graphics cards, 194graphics drivers, importance of, 56printers, attaining, 187, 191proprietary video cards, installing, 194-195

dropdb command, 413dropuser command, 413DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), 320du command, 685, 690-691, 785dual boots, 17, 26dual-boot configurations, 840Duff, Hoyt, 259dump command, 285, 785

dump command 869

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dumpe2fs command, 785DVD drives, installation via, 838DVD players, 176dvd+rw-tools package, 167DVD+RW/-RW drives, 278-279DVD-ROM installation (Fedora), 13-15DVDs

burning, 161-168formats, 166packet writing, 167-168preformatted DVDs, 167rewritability, limits of, 168session writing, 167

Dynamic DNS, DHCP, 315Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. See DHCPdynamic ISP address assignments, 321dynamic modules, Apache web servers, 360dynamically linked commands, 84

Ee2fsadm command, 785e2fsck command, 673e2image command, 785Echo, 54echo command, 256edit files command, 84editing

crontab file, 253FTP server files, 453httpd.conf file, Apache web servers, 368-370system jobs, 252

edquota command, 230-231Ekiga Internet videoconferencing application, 47,

127-128Elder Scrolls IV, 201elements, arrays, 602elevation of privileges, 206elinks command, 386Elks.Sourceforge.net, 845Ellis, Margaret A., 639emacs text editor (Linux), 93-96, 685email, 479

autoresponders, 497choosing, 495commands for, 499Hotmail, 489mail daemons, 497MDAs (Mail Delivery Agents), 483, 495-497MS Exchange Server. alternatives to, 497-498MTAs (mail transfer agents), 479-484MUAs (Mail User Agents), 483-484Postfix, 489-490receiving, 479-480references, 499retrieving, Fetchmail, 490-494

sending, 479-480Sendmail, 484-489SMTP, 479, 483

email clients, 114-119email mailing lists, 856-857enable command, 183, 191, 443encoder applications, 174encscript command, 183endless loops, 730-731Enterprise Linux, 813-814, 817entry components (LDAP), 555env command, 91environment variables, Linux, 90-93environment variables (shell scripts), 715epiphany command, 477-eq number comparison operators, 725erasing CDs, 166error checking, Mono, 646errors, kernel compilation, 807-808escape sequences, PHP, 605-606escputil driver, 183Ethereal client, 270Ethereal graphical network scanner, 267, 331, 666ethernet cards, 310ethernet devices, Fedora installation, 27Evolution email client (Gnome Office), 114-117,

128, 143, 499, 557-558Evolution PIM (Personal Information

Management), 47Exchange Server (MS), 497-498ExecCGI switch (Options directive), 372execution operators (PHP), 610EXIF, 178Exim, 482exit command, 89exit statements, shell scripts, 735experimental versions, Apache web servers, 356export command, 92exportfs command, 417exporting OpenOffice.org to Microsoft formats, 130exports file, 416expressions, 256

regular expressions, 381, 574-575shell scripts, comparison of expressions,

724-729ext2 disk file system, 761, 763ext3 disk file system, 761-763

defragmentation, 763development of, 762-763ext2 transitions, 763file integrity, verifying, 764-765file/directory sizes, 763initrd files, 784-785journaling options, 764modules, 758performance, 763structure of, 763

dumpe2fs command870

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extended partitions, 769external commands (ftpconversion file), 469extract( ) array function, 619extraversion level section (kernel), 795

F-f file comparison operators, 727F-Spot program, digital cameras, 159-161F-Spot project, 177FAT (File Allocation Table) disk file system, 761,

767, 772fat modules (file system), 758fax/print/scan devices, troubleshooting, 442fclose( ) file function, 621-622fdisk command, 772, 785

functions of, 770Microsoft version versus Linux version, 768partition tables, editing, 769-771

Fedora64-bit Fedora, 818-819boot times, changing, 32business considerations, 822-825business-related features, 816-818consumer-related features, 818desktop, 41-43development of, 815-816documentation, reading, 105-107installing, 16-17, 821-822

Anaconda, 19boot loaders, 25-27boot screen, 17CD-ROM installation, 14-15DVD-ROM installation, 13-15finishing, 32-33firstboot configuration, 34-38hard drive storage, 829-830hardware compatibility, 830-831hardware inventory, 834, 837hardware problems, 831-834hardware requirements, 828-829install-process preparation, 837-839kickstart installation method, 842-845media checks, 18monitor settings, 17multiple Ethernet devices, 27network configuration, 27network installation, 15-16partition strategies, 10-14partitioning, 839-842partitions, 22-25planning, 9-14, 822-827root password creation, 29-30root user account creation, 29-30software installation, 30-33software selection, 30-33


starting, 17-21time zone setting, 28

Internet resources, 847-848IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 857mailing lists, 856-857newsgroups, 854-856search engines, 848-849websites, 848-854

licensing, 2logging in, 38-39minimum system requirements, 818multi-core machines, running on, 819navigating, 43-46origins of, 1PPC platforms, 819scheduled upgrades, 815shutting down, 38-39user considerations, 826-827

Fedora Announcements mailing list, 848Fedora Core, 813Fedora installationFedora Modem Configuration Wizard, 327-331Fedora Project, 852, 856Fetchmail, 483, 499

configuring, 491-494email, retrieving, 490-494installing, 491user accounts, 494

fetchmailconf command, 499FetchYahoo, 497fields

/var/log/xferlog, 475ftpwho command, 472

file access permissions, changing, chmod command, 689

file comparison operators (comparison of expression), 727-728

file comparisons (comparison of expression), 728file formats, graphics formats, 155-157file functions, PHP, 620-622file handles, 621file integrity, ext3 file system, verifying, 764-765file permissions, 213, 556File Roller, 280-283file sharing, 415

NFS (Network File System), 415-418references, 443Samba, 419-430

File system subsection (kernel), 806file systems, 757

/proc file system, 261blocks, 758CD-ROM file systems, 767Coda file systems, 761creating, 767-774disk file systems, 760-761disks as storage device, 768

file systems 871

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DOS file systems, 766-767ext2 file system, 761ext3 file system, 761-765FAT file systems, 761hard drives, formatting and installing, 779initrd image file, examining, 784-785inodes, 759Intermezzo file systems, 761JFS (Journal File System), 766journaling file systems, 761loopback file systems, 781LVM (Logical Volume Management), 781metadata, 757modules, 758, 760mounting, 760, 775-779navigating, command line, 80-82network file systems, 760-761NFS, 761optimizing, 672-673partition tables, creating, 769-771, 779on partitioned disks, 772-774partitions, 760

file transferals, 780-781mounting, 780-781mounting as read-only, 784

physical structure, 758-762redundant file system descriptors, 759references, 786reiserfs (Reiser File System), 766reiserfs file system, 761relocating, 779-781SMB file systems, 761synchronizing, 672test file systems, creating, 782-784unmounting, 777viewing, 762virtual file systems, 86XFS, 766

File Transfer Protocol. See FTPfile-conversion actions, FTP servers, configuring,

468-470FileInfo switch (AllowOverrides directive), 372files

/etc/at.allow, 251/etc/at.deny, 251/etc/crontab file, 252/etc/exports file, 416/etc/fstab, 777-779/etc/fstab file, 230, 416/etc/group files, 210/etc/inittab, 237/etc/modprobe.conf, 793/etc/passwd files, 205/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit, 236/etc/samba/smb.conf file, 425-428/etc/skel, 213/etc/sudoers file, 227-228/etc/xinetd.conf configuration files, 245

/usr/src/linux/init/main.c, 25900-INDEX files, 789archived files, restoring, 281-282attributes, inodes, 759compressed files, managing, 83-84configuration files

/etc directory, 84-85/etc/xen, 350backing up, 272

copying, 286-288cp tool, 288, 689-690mc (Midnight Commander) tool, 288-289tar tool, 286-287

crontab file, editing, 253current directory, listing, 698-699deleting, rm command, 701-702dhcpd.conf, 317exports, 416finding

find command, 691-693from indexes, 698

FTP server files, editing, 453header files, 630immutable files, 759include file, 630initrd image file, examining, 784-785INSTALL files, 357links, creating, 696-697managing with shell, 82-83meminfo file, 86metadata, 757moving, mv command, 701NFS (Network File System), 239ownership, users, 206partitions, transferring to, 780-781password file, 221-222permissions, 759PHP, including, 614-615ppp.linkup file, 486printing

cat command, 686-687last lines of, 702

README files, 357resolver configuration files, 513sendmail.cf file, 484, 487temporary files, storing, 88variable data files, accessing, 88wtempfiles, timewarps, 214

Files section (xorg.conf file), 59-60filesize( ) file function, 622file_get_contents( ) file function, 620-621file_put_contents( ) file function, 620find command, 101, 220, 258, 281, 685, 691-693find2perl command, 577finding files, find command, 691-693fine tuning

benchmarks, 669file systems, 672-673references, 681

file systems872

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finger information field (password file), 221FIPS.EXE command, 839Firefox web browser, 46, 112-113, 119-120, 128,

386, 502firewalls, configuring, 34, 663-664FireWire (IEEE-1394) hard drives, 278fistboot, configuring, 34-38fixed IP address assignments, 299Flash plug-in (Macromedia), 175flat file databases, 390-391flexbackup backup application, 286float data type (PHP), 601floppy-based Linux distributions, 852FollowSymLinks switch (Options directive), 372fonts, X Windows System support, 57-58fopen( ) file function, 621-622for loops, 527, 613for statements, shell scripts, 729-730foreach loops, 572-573, 613-614formats

DVDs, 166file formats, graphics formats, 155-157video, 174

formattinghard drives, 779spreadsheets, Calc (OpenOffice.org), 138-139Writer (OpenOffice.org), 135-136

Formatting options (Writer), 134forms (HTML), handling, PHP, 626forward zones (DNS), 535-537forwarding email, Sendmail, 488FQDN (fully qualified domain name), 516Frampton, Steve, 851fread( ) file function, 621free command, 86, 266-267free memory, displaying, 266-267FreeBSD, 78FreeNX, website, 343Freesco.org, 846FreeType bytecode interpreter patents, 270Freidl, Jeffrey E.F., 256FreshMeat yum repository, 755front end, clients, compared, 410fsck command, 784-785fstab file, 84

file systems, mounting automatically, 777-779options, 416

FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 445commands list, 477example of, 470installing, 447-449, 838references, 477servers

administration commands, 471-476allowing/denying connections, 470-471anonymous servers, 445-446, 455authenticated servers, 445-446Bsdftp-ssl servers, 447


choosing, 445-446connected user information, 472editing files, 453file-conversion actions, 468-470NcFTPd servers, 446-447packages, 446vsftpd servers, 446, 451-455wu-ftpd servers, 455-467

users, 448-450vsftpd servers, default settings, 455xinetd daemons, configuring for wu-ftpd

servers, 450-452ftp command, 337, 477ftp.kernel.org, 796ftpaccess file, 456-467ftpaccess Wu-FTPd server configuration files, 455ftpconversions Wu-FTPd server configuration

files, 455ftpcopy command, 477ftpcount command, 471ftpcp command, 477ftphosts Configuration File for Allowing or Denying

Users listing (20.3), 471ftphosts file, FTP server connections, allowing/

denying, 470-471ftphosts Wu-FTPd server configuration files, 455ftprestart command, 471, 475ftpshut command, 471, 474-475ftpusers file, ftpaccess configuration file, 457ftpwho -V Command Output listing (20.4), 473ftpwho command, 471-472full backups, 276-277, 281fully qualified domain names (FQDNs), 516function time, tracking, 635functions, 630, 735

CONCAT( ), 396define( ), 604PHP, 615-626Python scripting language, 590-591shell scripts, 735-736

Fusion MPT device support subsection (kernel),805

FVWM2 website, 76fwrite( ) file function, 622

GGAIM. See Pidgingames, 47

Battle for Wesnoth, installing, 199-200Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars, 201Doom 3, 193-196Elder Scrolls IV, 201GNOME games, 193KDE games, 193KDEedu, 200-201Maelstrom, 193-194

games 873

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Planet Penguin Racer, 193Quake 4, 193, 197-199Unreal Tournament 2004, 193, 197-198Windows games, playing, 201-202Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory, installing, 199X Windows System games, 193

gaming, 193-1943D graphics cards, 194Cedega, 193, 201-202games, installing, 195-200KDEedu package, 200-201proprietary video drivers, installing, 194-195Wine code, 193

gcc (GNU C compiler), 629, 635-638, 685, 809gdb command (C/C++ programming language),

635, 638GDM (GNOME Display Manager), 341gdm display manager, configuring, 68-69gdmsetup client, 69gdmsetup command, 75gecos field (password file), 221gedit text editor (Linux), 93General options (Writer), 134General setup subsection (kernel), 804GetCodecs application, 174gftp command, 477Ghostscript, 185, 191Ghostscript interpreter, 179, 444Ghostscript printer drivers, 183GIDs (group IDs), 209, 211gif (Graphics Interchange Format) files, 155GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program),

142-143, 152-154, 177gimp command, 148GIMP Tool Kit (GTK), 142GKrellM, 267-268Glade client, 637-638glade-3 command, 638Global Learning Services (Red Hat), 850global level privileges (MySQL), 402global options, Fetchmail, configuring, 492global positioning servers (GPS), 313[global] section (/etc/samba/smb.conf file),

425-427GNOME (Gnu Network Object Model Environment),

53, 814configuring, 55development of, 54-55File Roller, 282-283games, 193Glade client, 637-638handheld digital cameras, using, 158-159mailing list, 856metacity window manager, 55website, 75X Window System, 53

GNOME Display Manager (GDM), 341Gnome Office, 142-145, 148

gnome-lokkit command, 331, 666gnome-nettool tool, 267gnome-panel-screenshot mechanism, 157gnome-system-monitor tool, 268GnomeBaker, CD/DVDs, burning, 162-164GNU commands, 82GNU Ghostscript, 185GNU tools, 788Gnumeric (Gnome Office), 142, 145gnumeric command, 148Go to end of line command (emacs text editor), 96Go to start of line command (emacs text

editor), 96gocr optical character recognition client, 154Google search engine, using, 849Gotmail, 496gParted, 11-14gpasswd command, 211GPG keys, 755gphoto2 client, 818gprof (profile) command (C/C++ programming

language), 635gprof command, 638GPS (global positioning servers), 313grabbers, 174Gracenote CDDB Music Recognition Service, 163granting

MySQL privileges, 402-403privileges, PostgreSQL, 407-408system administration privileges to regular

users, 225-229Grap view (System Monitor), 269graphic interfaces, Apache web servers,

configuring, 364-366graphical configuration tools, networks, 298-300graphical database clients, 413graphical desktops, 88graphical development tools, C/C++ programming

tools, 636-638graphical login managers, X Windows System,

support for, 57graphical logins, 88graphical process management tools, 267-270graphical process tools, 270graphical user interfaces. See GUIsgraphics

F-Spot photo-management application, 160formats, 155-157image captures, xwd Unix screenshot tool, 710import command (ImageMagick), 709manipulating

conversions, 155digital cameras, 157-161GIMP, 152-154scanners, 153-155screen image capturing, 157

graphics cards, installing, 194-195graphics drivers, importance of, 56

games874

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Graphics support subsection (kernel), 806Green, Andy, 335Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), 28, 708greeting command, FTP version information,

hiding, 460grep command, 242, 256, 685, 693-694grep string file(s) command, 82Grid options (Writer), 134grolbp driver, 183Group directive (httpd.conf file), 368-369groupadd command, 211groupdel command, 211groupmod command, 211groups

adding, 211deleting, 211devices, ownership changes, 211disk quotas, 229-231GIDs (group IDs), 209-211managing, 210-212passwords

creating, 211managing, 220-225

permissions, 210-211assigning, 216directory permissions, 217-219managing, 215-220sgid (set group ID) permissions, 219-220

UPGs (User Private Groups), 210users, adding to, 211

groups command, 231growisofs command, 167-168grpck command, 211GRUB (Grand Unified Boot Loader) disk

nondefault runlevels, booting into, 240-241passwords, 240system boots, performing, 292-293

GRUB boot loader, 39, 235configuring, 26-27installing, 25

GRUB Manual, 259“Grub, Glorious Grub,” 259gs client, 179gs command, 184gThumb, 159GTK (GIMP Tool Kit), 142Gtk#, GUIs, creating, 650-651guest operating systems, setting up, Xen

virtualization system, 348-349GUI Network Configuration tool, 515GUIs (graphical user interfaces), 683

adoption of, 53AIGLX, 56-57Apache web servers, configuring, 364-366creating, Gtk#, 650-651GNOME, 53-55KDE, 73-74XFce, 74-75


gunzip command, 83gzip package, 83, 295, 796

Hhackers, crackers, compared, 656hacking, autohacking, 656Hammel, Michael J., 177Hancom Office, 146-148handheld digital cameras, 157-159hard disks, fine tuning, 669-674hard drive partitions, installation via, 838hard drive storage, planning for, 829-830hard drives

components of, 768formatting, 779installing, 779master/slave jumpers, 779partitioning, 22-25

hard links, 696hardware

backups, 277-279BIOS, problem detection, 234compatibility, checking, 830-831controller cards, 830controllerless modems, problems, 832CPUs (central processing units), 830, 833-834hard disks, performance tuning, 669-674input devices, 830inventories, preparing, 834, 837legacy hardware, using, 828-829memory, problems, 833-834modems, 830motherboard-based hardware, problems, 833motherboards, 831multimedia, 171-174network cards, 830personal video recorders, 175-176pointing devices, 831printers, 831problems, preparing for, 831-834RAM, 831sound cards, 831storage devices, 831symmetric multiprocessing, problems,

833-834USB devices, problems, 832video cards, 831

hardware compatibility database (Red Hat), 845hardware requirements, 828-829Hardware tab (system-config-display client), 65-66hashes, Perl, 566-567HDLC (high-level data link control), 325hdparm command, optimization, 671-672hdx=ide-scsi command, 670header files, 630

header files 875

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headerless files, 170headless servers, 235Hejlsberg, Anders, 652Help command (emacs text editor), 96Heuser, Werner, 854Hewlett-Packard, Linux, use of, 814hfs modules (file system), 758hidden processes, viewing, 269HIDs (human interface devices), 806High Performance MySQL, 681high-level data link control (HDLC), 325high-level formatting (file systems), 772HMAC-MD5 algorithm, 526home directories

commands, 86users, creating, 213

Home icon, 41, 44-46HOME lines (/etc/crontab file), 252[homes] section (/etc/samba/smb.conf file),

425-428home-related features, Fedora, 818home-user backup strategies, 275Horvath, David B., 639host command, 520, 549hosting

Linux file system, separate partitions, 841-842virtual hosting, Apache web server, 382-384

hostname command, 431Hotmail, 489Hotwayd, 496How Multiple Conditional Statements Lead to Ugly

Code listing (27.3), 611HOWTO documents, 851

chroot-BIND, 544Config HOWTO Software Configuration, 232disk quotas, 231DVDs, 166LILO configuration, 809LVM, 781Network Boot and Exotic Root, 659Path HOWTO, 232Shadow-Password, 232User-Authentication, 232VideoLAN, 176

htaccess configuration files (Apache web server),runtime server configuration settings, 371-372

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), 111, 626htpasswd command, 375HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), 16, 111httpd command, 386httpd.conf file, Apache web servers, 367-370human interface devices (HIDs), 806hwclock command, 28hwclock shell command, 709Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), 111Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 111hyphenation dictionaries, OpenOffice.org, 133

II20 device support subsection (kernel), 805IBM

Linux website, 845, 850Linux, use of, 814

Icecast, 152, 177IceWM, 76icons

Computer, 41, 44-45Home, 41, 44-46shortcut icons, 42Trash, 41web browser icon, 41

IDE disks, bootloaders, 768ide.txt document, 789idebus=xx command, 670Identify command (ImageMagick), 156Identity screen (Evolution), 115idex=ata66 command, 670idex=autotune command, 670idex=dma command, 670IEEE1394 (firewire) support subsection

(kernel), 805IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), 179if statements, shell scripts, 733if/else conditional statements, Perl programming

language, 571if/elsif/else listing (25.3), 571ifconfig command, 92, 300-302, 310, 331, 431Iftp command, 477IIS (Internet Information Services), 354ImageMagick

convert utility, 156Identify command, 156import command, 709website, 178

imagesformats, 155-157manipulating

conversions, 155digital cameras, 157-161GIMP, 152-154scanners, 153-155screen image capturing, 157

IMAP on Linux: A Practical Guide, 499immutable files, 759import command (ImageMagick), 709importing OpenOffice.org to Microsoft formats,

130Impress (OpenOffice.org), 131in-line kernels, 791include file, 630include keyword (PHP), 614Includes switch (Options directive), 371incremental backups with full backups,

276-277, 281

headerless files876

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 876

indexes, files, finding, 698Indexes switch (Options directive), 371individual files, machines, copying between, 338inheritance, 593-596init process, 235init scripts, 241-242initial RAM disk images, creating, 806-807initializing data directory, PostgreSQL, 404-405initrd image file, examining, 784-785initrd.txt document, 789inittab file (/etc directory), 84inodes, file attributes, 759input, typed input, 5Input device support subsection (kernel), 806input devices, 830input redirection, 255InputDevice section (xorg.conf configuration

file), 61InputDevice section (xorg.conf file), 59, 61INSERT statement (SQL), 395insmod command, modules, managing, 792INSTALL files, 357installation

Apache web servers, 355-359boot loaders, 25database clients, 389database servers, 389DHCP client software, 315-316Fedora, 16-17, 821-822

Anaconda, 19boot loaders, 25-27boot screen, 17CD-ROM installation, 14-15DVD-ROM installation, 13-15finishing, 32-33firstboot configuration, 34-38hard drive strorage, 829-830hardware compatibility, 830-831hardware inventory, 834, 837hardware problems, 831-834hardware requirements, 828-829install-process preparation, 837-839kickstart installation method, 842-845media checks, 18monitor settings, 17multiple ethernet devices, 27network configuration, 27network installation, 15-16partition strategies, 10-14partitioning, 839-842partitions, 22-25planning, 9-14, 822-827root password creation, 29-30root user account creation, 29-30software installation, 30-33software selection, 30-33starting, 17-21time zone setting, 28


FTP software, 447-449games, 195-200hard drives, 779OpenOffice.org, 131-133operating systems, challenges, 821Postfix, 490proprietary video cards, 194-195Samba, 419Squid proxy servers, 502Xen virtualization system, 347-348

installed RPM package listings, 849-850Instant Messaging (IM), Pidgin, 121-122integer data type (PHP), 601integers, Python scripting language, 581Intel-based Linux distributions, 853interfaces

AIGLX, 56-57Apache web servers, configuring, 364-366GNOME, 53-55GUIs, 683

adoption of, 53creating, 650-651

KDE, 73-74localhost interfaces, 307-309network interfaces, configuring, 300-302Python, getting, 580XFce, 74-75

InterMezzo network file system, 761Internet

browsing, 111-113connecting to, 818development of, 111email clients, 114-119installation via, 838Instant Messaging, Pidgin, 121-122IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 122-124Pan newsreader, 125-126RSS readers, 119-120Usenet Newsgroups, 124-125videoconferencing, Ekiga, 127-128

Internet Connection Wizard, 320-331Internet connections

dial-up Internet access, configuring, 324-331networks, 320-321

common configuration, 321-322DSL access configuration, 322-323PPPoE, 323-324

troubleshooting, 331Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), 179Internet Explorer (MS), Squid proxy server,

configuration for, 502Internet Information Services (IIS), 354Internet Printing Protocol (IPP), 179, 191Internet Printing Protocol standards website, 444Internet Protocol. See IP (Internet Protocol)Internet Relay Chat. See IRC (Internet Relay Chat)

Internet Relay Chat 877

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Internet resources, 847-848IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 857mailing lists, 856-857newsgroups, 854-856search engines, 848-849websites, 848-854

Internet service providers (ISPs), 511Internet workstation, 46interpreting shell scripts through specific shells,

714-715intranet websites, Apache web servers, 384intranets, 353inventories, hardware, preparing, 834, 837IP (Internet Protocol) addresses, 511

dynamic assignments, 321fixed IP address assignments, 299leases, 314limits, 313-314static IP address assignments, 299

IP masquerading, 319IPP (Internet Printing Protocol), 179, 191IRC (Internet Relay Chat) clients, 122-124

resources, 857root users, using as, 226

IRCd servers, 124IrDA (infrared) support subsection (kernel), 805isalnum( ) method, Python, 584ISC (Internet Software Consortium), 524isdigit( ) method, Python, 584ISDN subsystem subsection (kernel), 805islower( ) method, Python, 584iso9660 file system, 767ISPs (Internet service providers), 511isset( ) function, 622-623istitle( ) method, Python, 584isupper( ) method, Pyhton, 584iTunes, 149iwconfig command, 310, 331iwlist command, 310iwpriv command, 311iwspy command, 311

JJabber, 122Jackson, John R., 296JavaServer Pages (JSP), 410JetDirect, 415JFS (Journal File System), 761, 766jfs modules (file system), 758job-control commands, 255jobs

print jobs, managing, 441-442running repeatedly, cron daemon, 251-254system jobs, editing, 252

joe text editor (Linux), 93Journal File System (JSF), 766journal mode, ext3 disk file system, 764, 774journaling file systems, 761, 766journaling options, ext3 file system, 764Joy, Bill, 94jpg (Joint Photographic Experts Group) file

format, 155JSP (JavaServer Pages), 410

Kkate text editor (Linux), 93kcontrol command, 74kdat tool, backups, creating, 283-284KDE (K Desktop Environment), 73-74

ark tool, 283-284games, 193kdat tool, 283-284Konqueror web browser, 113mailing list, 856processes, monitoring, 270website, 75

KDEedu, 200-201KDevelop client, 636-637kdevelop command, 638kdf tool, 270kdm display manager, configuring, 69-70kedit text editor (Linux), 93kernel (Linux), 787-788

/usr/src/kernels/yourkernelversion directory, 789

backing up, 799compiling, 798-808configuring, 801-806GNU tools, 788gzip package, 796initial RAM disk images, creating, 806-807interacting with, /proc directory, 86-87introduction of, 788loading, 235-236Makefiles, 788managing, 809optimizing, 674-675patching, 797-798recompiling, 794retaining current version, 800source tree, 788-790sources, obtaining, 796-797speeding up, 800subsections, 804-806troubleshooting, 807-809versions, 795-796

kernel hackers, 790Kernel hacking subsection (kernel), 806

Internet resources878

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 878

kernel modulesfile system, 758file systems, 758Livina repository, 194-195

kernel oops, 808-809Kernel Traffic.org, 809kernel-parameters.txt document, 789kernel-xen package, 347Kernel.org, 809kernels, 787, 791

C programming language, 630device drivers, 790disk drives, tuning, 670in-line kernels, 791modular kernels, 791-794monolithic kernels, 791numbering schema, 816patched kernels, 794RAM disk images, 807recompiling, 794selecting, 791

key buffer usage, MySQL, measuring, 677-678key-based logins, 339-340keyboards, 830keys

array elements, 602Python dictionaries, 587

keys function (Perl), 567keys( ) method, Python, 587kibitz command, 258kickstart installation method, 842-845kill command, 263-264kill-SIGHUP command, 507Kirch, OLaf, 851KMail, 118-119kmail command, 499Kochan, Stephen G., 639KOffice, 144-148Komarinski, Mark F., 851Konqueror web browser (KDE), 113, 386, 477, 502korn command, 499Korn, David G., 736Korn, Jeffery, 736koshell command, 148ksh shell, 255kspread command, 148ksysguard tool, 270KWord (KOffice), 145

Llame delegation, 539lame servers, 539LANG environment variable (Linux), 90Langfeldt, Nicolai, 549


LANs (local area networks), printing, enabling,431-434

laptops, Linux resources, 853-854large-enterprise backup strategies, 275last command, 214lastb command, 214LBA (Logical Block Addressing), 779LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol),

551-552assigning passwords to, 553client configuration, 557-558CN (common name), 552, 555directories, populating, 554-556DNs (distinguished names), 552-554entry components, 555LDIF, 554managing, 558-559OpenLDAP, 551, 556references, 559server configuration, 552-556

LDAP Directories Explained, 559LDAP System Administration, 559ldapadd command, 556ldapsearch command, 556LDIF (LDAP Data Interchange Format), 554LDP Author Guide”, 851LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable

(Linux), 91-le number comparison operators, 726Learning Perl, 578Learning Python, 597leases (IP addresses), 314legacy hardware, using, 828-829legacy printers, troubleshooting, 442-443Lemay, Laura, 578less command, 685, 694-696, 793less filename command, 82LessTif project, 76levels, backups, Unix, 275lftp command, 477Liberty, Jesse, 639, 652libraries

Mono, 647-651shared libraries, 84

Library routines subsection (kernel), 806licensing, Fedora, 2Liferea, 119-120Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. See LDAPLILO boot loader, 235, 259LILO User’s Guide, 259Limit switch (AllowOverrides directive), 372linkers, 630links

creating, ln command, 696-697hard links, 696symbolic links, 696

Linus Linux kernel, introduction of, 788

Linus Linux kernel, introduction of 879

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Linuxbusinesses, use of, 814certification courses, 850commercial support, 850compilation dates, viewing, 816directories, basic directories, 81environment variables, 90-93Internet resources, 847-848

IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 857mailing lists, 856-857newsgroups, 854, 856search engines, 848-849websites, 848-854

kernel, 787-788/usr/src/kernels/yourkernelversion

directory, 789backing up, 799C programming language, 630compiling, 798-807configuring, 801-806GNU tools, 788gzip package, 796initial RAM disk image creation, 806-807introduction of, 788Makefiles, 788managing, 809numbering schema, 816patching, 797-798recompiling, 794retaining current version, 800source tree, 788-790sources, 796-797speeding up, 800subsections, 804-806troubleshooting, 807-809versions, 795-796

logging into, 88-90logging out from remote computers, 89-90MS-DOS, compared, 78permissions, 96-101popularity of, 814Python scripting language, 579-580Red Hat Linux, 1, distribution of, 813root accounts, working as, 102-105text editors, 93-94

console-based text editors, 93emacs text editor, 95-96vi text editor, 94-95

UNIX, compared, 814“Linux Administration Made Easy” Linux guide, 851“Linux Consultants Guide”, 851Linux Documentation Project, 295, 851Linux file system, hosting, separate partitions,

841-842Linux FireWire project website, 845“Linux from Scratch” Linux guide, 851Linux Gazette.com, 259

Linux Kernel Archives website, 809“Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide,” 851“Linux Kernel Rebuild Guide, The,” 810“Linux Network Administrator’s Guide, The,” 851Linux Professional Institute, 850Linux Standard Base website, 259Linux System Administrator’s Security Guide

website, 232Linux TV Project, 176Linux USB project website, 845Linux Users Groups (LUGs), joining, 851Linux.org, 846LinuxGames.com, 202Listen directive (httpd.conf file), 368listing processes, ps command, 701listings

20.1 (Shadow Password File ftp User Entry), 449

20.2 (xinetd Configuration File for wu-ftpd),451

20.3 (ftphosts Configuration File for Allowingor Denying Users), 471

20.4 (ftpwho -V Command Output), 47320.5 (Sample /var/log/xferlog File with

Inbound and Outbound Logging), 47625.1 (Simple Perl Program), 56425.2 (Displaying the Contents of the env

Hash), 56725.3 (if/elsif/else), 57125.4 (Using Backticks to Access the

Shell), 57527.1 (Testing Types in PHP), 60127.2 (Manipulating Arrays), 60327.3 (How Multiple Conditional Statements

Lead to Ugly Code), 61127.4 (Using a switch/case Block), 61127.5 (Setting and Unsetting Variables), 623installed package listings, 849-850

lists, Python scripting language, 585-587Live CDs, 9, 17Livna repository, 194-195Livna yum repository, 755ln command, 358, 685, 696-697Loadable module support subsection (kernel), 804loading

kernel, 235-236modules, 794

local printers, 180configuring, 185-191print queues, creating, 185-189print settings, editing, 189-191

local repositories, creating with yum tool, 753-755local-GUI-client access, database clients, 410localhost interfaces, 308-309locate command, 685, 698locate file (Linux), 82locking user accounts, 214

Linux880

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 880

LogFormat statements (Apache web server), 385logging

Apache web servers, 384-386BIND, 532-533

logging out, Linux, 89-90logical comparison operators (comparison of

expression), 728-729logical comparisons (comparison of expression),

728Logical Disk Manager partitions (file system), 760Logical Volume Management (LVM), 22, 781logins

brute-forcing, 339Fedora, 38-39graphical logins, 88Linux, 89-90SSH (secure shell) remote logins, 320, 339

logname command, 231logout command, 89logwatch command, configuring, 719lokkit command, 331, 663, 666long integers, Python scripting language, 581loopback file systems, 781-783loopback interfaces, 307-309loops

endless loops, 730-731Perl programming language, 572-574, 588-590PHP, 612-614

Lord of the Rings, The, 152losetup command, loopback file systems,

creating, 782LostCircuits.com, 259low-level formatting (DOS), 772lp command, 183, 191, 440, 443lpadmin command, 183lpc command, 183, 191, 440-441, 443lpd.perms man page, 432lpf command, 183lpq command, 191, 440-443lpr command, 441lprm command, 183, 191, 440-443LPRng Print services restrictions, 432lpstat command, 183, 191, 440, 443ls command, 97, 215, 217, 685, 698-699lsmod command, modules, managing, 792lspci command, 172lsraid command, 785-lt number comparison operators, 726LUGs (Linux Users Groups), joining, 851lusers, 209LVM (Logical Volume Management), 781

M.m3u file format, 152Mac OS X, 78


MACHINE environment variable (Linux), 91Macintosh partitions (file system), 760Macromedia Flash plug-in, 175Maelstrom, 193-194magic cookies, 461-462, 474-475mail command, 499mail daemons, 497mail relaying, Sendmail, configuring, 487mail server options, Fetchmail, configuring,

492-493Mail User Agents (MUAs), 483-484maildir (Qmail), 482mailing lists, 856-857MailScanner, 496MAILTO lines (/etc/crontab file), 252Main( ) method, 644maintenance mode (Runlevel 1), 237major version section (kernel), 795make bzImage command, 800make clean command, kernel, compiling, 800make command, 638, 685, 797, 809make command (C/C++ programming language),

630-632make config utility, kernel, configuring, 801make install command, 801make menu config utility, kernel, configuring, 802make modules command, kerenl compilation, 800make modules_install command, 801make utility, 790make xconfig utility, kernel, configuring, 802-806makefiles, 631-632makefiles

Linux kernel, 788Targets, creating, 631-632

man command, 106, 566, 685, 700man pages, 106-107

graphics manipulation, 156shells, 255

managingcompressed files, command line, 83-84files with shell, 82-83groups, 210-212LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol),

558-559passwords, 220-225permissions, 215-220print services, 183-185users, 212-215

“Managing Initscripts with Red Hat’s chkconfig,”259

Manipulating Arrays listing (27.2), 603manual pages, reading, man command, 700manually configuring

disk quotas, 230-231loopback interfaces, 308-309

manually restoring, partition tables, 290-291

manually restoring, partition tables 881

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 881

manually startingApache web servers, 360-361system services, 248

manually stopping, system services, 248MAPI (Microsoft’s Messaging Application Program

Interface), 498Marvel TV-tuner/video display cards, 172Masquerading, Sendmail, configuring, 485Master Boot Record. See MBRmaster nameservers, 517mastering DVDs, 166Mastering Regular Expressions, 256Math (OpenOffice.org), 131math operators, Perl, 569Matrox Marvel TV-tuner/video display cards, 172Matrox Rainbow Runner G-Series TV-tuner/video

display cards, 172max clients setting (vsftpd server default

settings), 455max per ip setting (vsftpd server default

settings), 455mbox format, 482MBR (Master Boot Record), 235, 290, 768mc (Midnight Commander) tool, files, copying,

288-289mc command, 258MDAs (mail delivery agents), 483

choosing, 495-497FetchYahoo, 497Gotmail, 496Hotwayd, 496MailScanner, 496Procmail, 495Spamassassin, 495-496Squirrelmail, 496

measuring key buffer usage, MySQL, 677-678media, backups, 277-278

CD-RW drives, 278DVD+RW/-RW drives, 278-279FireWire (IEEE-1394) hard drives, 278network storage, 279software, 280-286tape drives, 279

meminfo file, 86memory

free/used memory, displaying, 266-267problems, preparing for, 833-834

Memory Technology Devices (MTDs) subsection (kernel), 804

menu options, 43-44message delivery intervals, Sendmail,

configuring, 486metacity, download page, 76metacity window manager, GNOME, 55metadata, 757mformat command, 785Microsoft Exchange Server, alternatives to,

497-498

Microsoft formats, OpenOffice.org, importing/exporting to, 130

Microsoft Office, OpenOffice.org, compatibility, 129Microsoft Windows, productivity applications,

147-148Microsoft’s Messaging Application Program

Interface (MAPI), 498Migration Center (Red Hat), 823, 845MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)

protocol, 124mini-CD Linux distributions, 852minimum hardware requirements, 828-829minimum system requirements, 818Minix.org, 810minor version section (kernel), 795mirroring data, 277miscellaneous fonts, X Windows System, 58mkbootdisk command, 809mkdir command, 217, 685, 700mkdosfs command, DOS file system, creating,

774-775mke2fs command, 772-773mkfs command, 785mkfs.ext2 command, 772mkfs.ext3 command, 773-774mkfs.msdos command, 772mkfs.vfat command, 772mkinitrd command, 809mkisofs command, 164-165, 785mkreiserfs command, 774, 785mkswap command, 785Mode toggle command (vi text editor), 94modems, 830-832moderated newsgroups, 124modinfo command, modules, managing, 792modprobe command, modules, managing, 792modprobe.conf file (/etc directory), 84modular kernels, 791-794Module section (xorg.conf file), 59-61modules

Apache web servers, 377-382dynamic modules, 360MPMs (multiprocessing modules), 370static modules, 360

file systems, 758, 760kernel, Livina repository, 194-195loading, 794managing, 792-794PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules),

222-224Perl programming language, 576-577Python scripting language, 596removing, 793

mod_access module (Apache web server), 378mod_alias module (Apache web server), 378mod_asis module (Apache web server), 378mod_auth module (Apache web server), 379mod_auth_anon module (Apache web server), 379

manually starting882

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 882

mod_auth_dbm module (Apache web server), 379mod_auth_digest module (Apache web

server), 379mod_autoindex module (Apache web server), 379mod_cgi module (Apache web server), 379mod_dir module (Apache web server), 380mod_env module (Apache web server), 380mod_expires module (Apache web server), 380mod_headers module (Apache web server), 380mod_include module (Apache web server), 380mod_info module (Apache web server), 380mod_log_config module (Apache web server), 380mod_mime module (Apache web server), 381mod_negotiation module (Apache web

server), 381mod_proxy module (Apache web server), 381mod_rewrite module (Apache web server), 381mod_setenvif module (Apache web server), 381mod_spelling module (Apache web server), 381mod_ssl module (Apache web server), 382mod_status module (Apache web server), 382mod_unique_id module (Apache web server), 382mod_userdir module (Apache web server), 382mod_vhost_alias module (Apache web

server), 382Monitor section (xorg.conf file), 59, 62monitoring user activity, 214-215monitoring tools

console-based monitoring, 261-263disk quotas, 267free/used memory, displaying, 266graphical process management tools, 267-270graphical process/system management

tools, 269kill command, 263-264priority scheduling, 264-266system management tools, 267-270

monitorsconfiguring, 64settings, Fedora installation, 17

Mono, 641advantages of, 641-642C# programs, 644-645command-line tools, 642-644error checking, 646GUIs, creating, 650-651libraries, 647-651MonoDevelop, 643-644, 651parameters, printing out, 645references, 651variables, creating, 645-646website, 651

MonoDevelop, 643-644, 651monolithic kernels, 791Monty Python’s Flying Circus, 597motherboard-based hardware, problems,

preparing for, 833


motherboards, 831mound command, command-line options, 776mount command, 418, 760, 785

components of, 776file systems, mounting, 775-776Samba shares, mounting, 430

mountingfile systems, 760, 775-779partitions, 780-781, 784shares, Samba, 430

Mourani, Gerhard, 851mouse devices, 62mouseconfig command, 74mov file format, 174Mozilla Firefox, 112-113, 119-120, 128Mozilla Thunderbird email client, 117-118MP3 files, 170-171MP3 support, 47mpage command, 183MPEG files, 170, 174MPlayer video player, 177MPMs (multiprocessing modules), Apache web

servers, 370mpm_common multiprocessing module (Apache

web server), 370MS-DOS, 78msdos modules (file system), 758MTAs (mail transfer agents), 479-480

choosing, 482-484Exim, 482Fetchmail, 490-494Hotmail, 489Postfix, 481, 489-490Procmail, 483Qmail, 481-482Sendmail, 480-481

building, 487configuring, 484-485email forwarding, 488email rejection, 488-489mail relaying, 487message delivery intervals, 486smart hosts, 485-486

Spamassassin, 483MUAs (Mail User Agents), 483-484multi-core machines, Fedora, running on, 819Multi-device support subsection (kernel), 805multi-session CDs, creating, 166multidimensional arrays (PHP), 602multimedia, 47, 149

CDs, burning, 161-168DVDs, burning, 161-168gaming

KDEedu package, 200-201video driver installation, 194-195Windows games, 201-202

games, installing, 195-200

multimedia 883

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 883

graphics manipulationdigital cameras, 157-161GIMP, 152-154graphics conversion, 155graphics formats, 155-157scanners, 153-155screen image capturing, 157

intellectual property rights, 152music, 149-152, 168-171sound, 168-171sound cards, 169-170storage capacity, 166TV cards, 171-174TV/video, 171video, viewing, 171-176video cards, 171-174video formats, 174

Multimedia devices subsection (kernel), 806multiple files, machines, copying between, 339multiple workspaces, 72multiprocessing modules (MPMs), Apache web

servers, 370Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)

protocol, 124MultiViews switch (Options directive), 372music, listening to, 149-152mutt command, 499mv command, 685, 701mv file dir command, 82mv file1 file2 command, 82myenv shell script, 712-714MySQL

configuring, 400-403data lookups, 398-399data protection, 399database clients, 408-412databases, creating, 401-402key buffer usage, measuring, 677-678measuring key buffer usage, 678PostgreSQL, compared, 397-400privileges, 402-403query caches, 678-680query optimization, 680read buffers, 680root users, passwords, 401table caches, 680tuning, 676-680website, 414

mysql command, 413mysqladmin command, 402, 413mysqldump command, 414MythTV, 176

N-n string expression operators, 724name resolution, DNS, 511, 518

name-based virtual hosting, Apache web server,383-384

named.conf file, 527-529nameservers

authoritative nameservers, 517caching nameservers, configuring, 522-524DNS, 517-518master nameservers, 517querying, 519-521serial numbers, maintaining, 540slave nameservers, 517

nano command, 258nano text editor (Linux), 93NAS (Network Attached Storage), 279NAT (network address translation), 313, 319National Security Agency (NSA), 35Nautilus, 162, 477nautilus command, 477navigating

Fedora, 43-46file systems, command line, 80-82

ncftp command, 477NcFTPd servers, 446-447ncurses-based command-line configuration

tools, 244-ne number comparison operators, 726Nessus, vulnerability assessments, performing,

657-658.NET Framework, 641-642.NET Framework Essentials, 652NetBoot, 235netconfig command, 332NETGEAR, 435-436netmasks, 313netstat command, 304NetWare, 297network address translation (NAT), 313, 319Network Attached Storage (NAS), 279network cards, 830network interface cards. See NICsnetwork configuration, Fedora, 27network configuration files, 305-307Network File System. See NFSnetwork file systems, 760-761network hosts, configuring, DHCP (Dynamic Host

Configuration Protocol), 316-318network installation, Fedora, 15-16network interfaces, configuring, 300-302Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP), 125network newsgroups, 124-126network sniffing, 662network status, displaying, 304network storage, 279network subnet/host address network

parameters, 314networking

TCP/IP, 309-310wireless networking, 310-314

Networking support subsection (kernel), 805

multimedia884

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 884

NetworkManager, wireless networks, configuring,50-51

networksbackups, 659classes, 312configuration files, 305configuration tools, 297-307DHCP, 314-320dial-up access, 326, 331file sharing, Samba, 419-430firewalls, configuring, 663-664ifconfig, 301Internet connections, 320-331localhost interfaces, 308-309NAT (network address translation), 313NFS (Network File System), 415-418passwords, 659-660physical security, 659-660printers, configuring, 435-436printing, 431

CUPS, 437-440enabling, 431-434session message block printing, 434-435

security, 660-665wireless networks

access points, 659configuring, 49-51securing, 658-659

“New Korn Shell, The,” 736news.gmane.org, 125newsgroups (Usenet), 124-126, 854-856newsreaders, Pan newsreader, 125-126newusers command, 225, 231next statements, Perl programming language, 573NFS (Network File System), 239, 415-416, 761

client configuration, 418installation via, 838server configuration, 416-418uses of, 415

nfs modules (file system), 758nice command, 264NICs (network cards), 297

configuring, 310promiscuous mode, 661

nmap command, 435, 657-658, 667NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol), 125noatun viewer, 175noload mode, ext3 disk file system, 774non-rectangular windows, X Windows System,

support for, 57nondefault runlevels, booting into, 240-241None switch (Options directive), 371normal integers, Python scripting language, 581Northrup, Charles J., 736Novell website, 76NS records, 531


NSA (National Security Agency), 35nslookup command, nameservers, querying,

520-521nsupdate command, 549ntfs modules (file system), 758ntsysv command, 242-244, 249number comparisons (comparison of expression),

725, 727numbering schema, kernels, 816numbers, Python scripting language, 581-582numeric comparison operators, Perl programming

language, 568NVDIA video drivers

installing, 194-195Linux driver support forum, 202Linux drivers, 202

O-o logical comparison operators, 728object data type (PHP), 601object variables, Python scripting language,

592-593OCR (optical character recognition), 154OCS (Oracle Collaboration Suite), 498Office (Microsoft), OpenOffice.org, compatibility,

129office suite, 46OfficeJet Linux driver project (HP) website, 442Ogg audio format, 149Ogg-Vorbis files, 170Old CD-ROM drivers subsection (kernel), 805oocalc command, 148ooimpress command, 148OOP (object-oriented programming), Python

scripting language, 591-592class inheritance, 593-595classes, 592-593constructors, 593destructors, 593modules, 596multiple inheritance, 595-596object variables, 592-593references, 597Vaults of Parnassus, 596website, 597

oowriter command, 148Open Xchange message server, 498open-source development model, Red Hat, 814OpenBSD, 78OpenDocument, standardization, 141OpenLDAP, 551

file permissions, 556website, 559

OpenLDAP 885

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 885

OpenOffice.org, 130Base, 131Calc, 130, 136

data summarization, 139-141formatting, 138-139starting, 137-138

configuring, 131-133development of, 131Dia, 131Draw, 131hyphenation dictionaries, 133Impress, 131installing, 131-133Math, 131Microsoft formats, importing/exporting to, 130Microsoft Office, compatibility, 129Planner, 131spelling dictionaries, 133website, 132Writer, 130, 133-136

OpenPVR, 176OpenSound.com, 177OpenSSH servers, 446

configuring, 336-337ftp command, 337rcp command, 337scp command, 338sftp command, 339ssh-keygen command, 339-341website, 343, 477

OpenSSH-related tools, 659operands, 607operating systems

guest operating systems, setting up, 348-349installing, challenges, 821

operator overloading, Python scriptinglanguage, 585

operatorsPerl programming language, 568-570PHP, 607-610Python scripting language, 581

optical character recognition (OCR), 154optimization, 669

Apache web server, 675-676benchmarks, 669file systems, 672-673hard disks, 669-674kernel, 674-675MySQL, 676-680references, 681

optimizing, Linux kernel, 674options

rpm command, 739-744Writer (OpenOffice.org), 134

Options directive (Apache web server), 371-372options field (ftpconversions file), 469Options switch (AllowOverrides directive), 372

Oracle, Linux, use of, 814Oracle Collaboration Suite (OCS), 498ordered mode, ext3 disk file system, 764, 774organizational units (OUs), 554Orwant, Jon, 578OSS (Open Sound System) sound card drivers, 169OUs (organizational unit), 554Outlook, 498output, paging through, less command, 694-696output redirection, 255overburning CDs, 166ownership, files, users, 206

Ppackages, 46

dvd+rw-tools, 167FTP servers, 446games, 47Internet workstation, 46inventory management, yum tool, 748multimedia, 47office suite, 46removing, yum command, 747RPM (Red hat Package Manager), 738

packet browsing, 662packet writing, DVDs, 167-168PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules),

222-224, 232Pan newsreaders, 125-126panels (desktop), 41Parallel port support subsection (kernel), 804parameters

BSD-style parameters, 701Mono, printing out, 645positional parameters, shell script variables,

716-718paravirtualization, virtualization, compared, 346parted command, 771, 785partition tables

creating, 769-771, 779manually restoring, 290-291

partitioned disks, file systems, creating on,772-774

partitioning installations, 839-842partitioning hard drives, 22-25PartitionMagic utility, 39partitions, 10

extended partitions, 769file systems, 760files, transferring to, 780-781Linux file system, hosting, 841-842mounting, 780-781, 784strategies, 10-14

passive command, 454passwd command, 213, 231

OpenOffice.org886

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 886

passwd file (/etc directory), 85passwd files, 205password files, 221-222password policies, 221passwords

assigning, LDAP, 553batch passwords, changing, 225BIOS, 29boot loaders, 29bootloaders, 659creating for groups, 211FTP users, 448GRUB, 240managing, 220-225MySQL root users, setting, 401networks, 659-660password files, 221-222policies, 221root passwords, 29-30shadow passwords, 222-223system password policies, 221users, updating, 213

patch command, 638, 798patched kernels, 794patching Linux kernel, 797-798PATH environment variable (Linux), 91Path HOWTO document, 232PATH lines (/etc/crontab file), 252pattern-matching support, shells, 256-257PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) Express

cards, 833pci=biosirq command, 670pcx (IBM Paintbrush) files, 155PDAs, Linux resources, 853-854PDFs, standardization, 141pdksh command, comparison of expressions,

724-729pdksh shell, 255peak performance, Apache web servers,

configuring for, 366performance tuning, 669

Apache web server, 675-676hard disks, 669-674kernel, 674-675MySQL, 676-680

periodic basis, full backups, 276Peripheral and System Inventory Checklist,

835, 837Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), 833Perl (Practical Extraction and Report Language),

563arrays, 567benefits of, 563-564command-line errors, troubleshooting, 565command-line tools, 577conditional statements, 570-571data structures, 566-568


documentation, 566hashes, 567if/else, 571loops, 572-574operators, 568-570references, 578regular expressions, 574-575scalars, 566shell, 575-577simple Perl program example, 564-566string constants, 570system logging, 564variables, 566-568versions, 564

Perl Journal, The, 578Perl language home page, 577Perl Mongers website, 578perldoc command, 566perlfunc document, accessing, 566permission control directives, wu-ftpd servers,

configuring, 464-466permissions

assigning, 216directory permissions, 217-219file access permissions, changing, 689file permissions, 213, 556files, 759FTP users, assigning, 448group permissions, 210-211Linux, 96-101managing, 215-220sgid (set group ID) permissions, 219-220suid (set user ID) permissions, 219-220

personal video recorders, 175-176pgaccess command, 414pg_ctl command, 414Phoenix, Tom, 578Photoshop, GIMP, compared, 153PHP

arrays, 602-603comments, 604conditional statements, 608-611constants, 603-604data types, 600-601development of, 599entering/exiting, 600escape sequences, 605-606files, including other, 614-615functions, 615, 622-626

array functions, 618-620file functions, 620-622string functions, 615-618

HTML forms, handling, 626installation packages, location of, 599loops, 612-614manual page URL, 625operators, 607-610

PHP 887

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references, 627setting and unsetting, 623strings, defining, 606switching, 611-612types of, 601variables, 600-602

setting/unsetting, 623substitutions, 606

PHP and MySQL Web Development, 627PHP in a Nutshell, 627phpLDAPadmin administration tool, 559physical security, networks, 659-660physical structure, file systems, 758-762Picasa, 149Pidgin, 47Pidgin Instant Messenger, 121-122PIDs (process IDs), 235, 262pipes, 255, 257-258Pirut, Apache web servers, installing through,

48-49, 355, 751-752Places menu, 43Planet Penguin Racer, 193Planner (OpenOffice.org), 131planner command, 148planning, Fedora deployment, 822-827playing streaming audio, 152Plug-and-play configuration subsection

(kernel), 804Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM), 222-224pmake command, 638png (Portable Network Graphics) file format, 155Point to Point Protocol. See PPPpointing devices, 831poisoning, 543policies, passwords, 221Pomerantz, Ori, 851pop( ) method, Python, 586populating, directories, LDAP (Lightweight Directory

Access Protocol), 554-556Portable Document Format (PDF) documents,

displaying, 184ports, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol), 320positional arguments, 715positional parameters, 716-718Posix Access Control Lists, 759Postfix, 481, 489-490, 499Postfix, 500PostgreSQL

configuring, 403-408data directory, initializing, 404-405data lookups, 398-399data protection, 399database clients, 408-413database users, 406-407databases, creating, 405-406

MySQL, compared, 397-400privileges, 407-408website, 414

posting messages, newsgroups, 124PostScript documents, displaying, 184PostScript Printer Description (.ppd) files, 179Power management options subsection

(kernel), 804PowerPC-based Linux distributions, 853PPC platforms, Fedora, 819ppd (PostScript Printer Description) files, 179PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol), 297, 320ppp.linkup configuration file, 486PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet),

323-324pr command, 183Practical Networking, 333Pre-execution Environment (PXE) protocol, 39pre-installed media, installation via, 838prefork multiprocessing module (Apache web

server), 370preformatted DVDs, 167preg_match( ) PCRE function, 624preg_match_all( ) PCRE function, 624-625preg_replace( ) PCRE function, 625prelogin banners, 460preprocessors, 630Preston, W. Curtis, 280print jobs, 180, 441-442Print options (Writer), 135print queues, 180, 185-189print services, 181-185print settings, editing, 189-191print sharing, 433print/fax/scan devices, troubleshooting, 442printcap file (/etc directory), 85printenv command, 91Printer Name dialog, 185Printer Options dialog, 189printer queues, creating, 438printer sharing, 415printers, 831

drivers, attaining, 187, 191local printers, 180

configuring, 185-191print queues, 185-189print settings, 189-191

network-attached printers, configuring,435-436

remote printers, 180sharing, 433troubleshooting, 442-443

[printers] section (/etc/samba/smb.conf file),425, 428

printing, 425, 431command locations, 704commands, 191, 440, 443

PHP888

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console print control, 440-442CUPS, 179-181, 437-440disk usage statistics, du command, 690-691enabling on LANs, 434files, cat command, 686-687LPRng Print services restrictions,

configuring, 432Mono parameters, 645network printers, 431network printing, 431-435network-attached printer configurations/

printing, 436print jobs, 180, 441-442print queues, 180references, 443resource usage statistics, 703-704

priority scheduling, processes, 264-266privileges

elevation of privileges, 206granting, super-users, 206PostgreSQL, 407-408root privileges, granting occasionally, 227-229system administration privileges, granting,

225-229proc directory, commands, 86-87procedural languages, 400process IDs (PIDs), 235, 262Process Listing view (System Monitor), 268-269processes

controllingcommand-line, 262kill command, 263-264priority scheduling, 264-266ps command, 262

graphical process management tools, 267-270hidden processes, viewing, 269init, 235KDE processes, monitoring, 270listing, ps command, 701PIDs (process IDs), 262querying, 263stopping, kill command, 263

Processor type and features subsection(kernel), 804

Procmail, 483, 495productivity applications, 129, 141-142

commands for, 148CrossOVer Office, 147Gnome Office, 142-145Hancom Office, 146KOffice, 144-147Microsoft Windows derived applications,

147-148OpenOffice.org, 129-141websites, 148Wine, 147WordPerfect Office 2000, 146


productivity packages, 46-47productivity suites, websites, 148Profiling support subsection (kernel), 806Programming C#, 652Programming in ANSI C, 639programming languages

C programming language, development of,629-630

C++ programming language, development of, 630

C/C++ programming languagegraphical development tools, 636-638project management tools, 630-635

Perl, 563benefits of, 563-564command-line errors, 565command-line tools, 577conditional statements, 570-571CPAN, 576-577data structures, 566-568documentation, 566loops, 572-574modules, 576-577operators, 568-570references, 578regular expressions, 574-575shell access, 575-576simple Perl program example, 564-566string constants, 570variables, 566-568versions, 564

PHP, 599Programming Perl, 578[programs] section (/etc/samba/smb.conf

file), 426project management tools, C/C++ programming

language, 630autoconfig, 633debugging tools, 634-635make command, 630-632Subversion system, 633-634

promiscuous mode (NIC), 661proprietary video drivers, installing, 194-195protocols

Bootp, 300DHCP, 299, 314-320, 512FTP, 445HTTP, 111IP, 511IPP, 179IRC, 122-124Jabber, 122LDAP, 551-552

client configuration, 557-558directory population, 554-556managing, 558-559OpenLDAP, 551

protocols 889

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references, 559server configuration, 552-556

MIME protocol, 124NFS, 415-418NNTP, 125PPP, 297, 320PPPoE, 323-324PXE protocol, 39SMB protocol, 419SMTP, 320, 479, 483TCP/IP, networking with, 309-310VoIP, 128X protocol, 57

proxy servers, 501advantages of, 501references, 510Squid proxy servers, 502-510

ps command, 262, 685, 701PS101 print server adapters (NETGEAR), 435-436psmandup command, 183psql command, 414PTR records, 531pup, 47-48PVRs (personal video recorders), 175-176pwd command, 80PWD environment variable (Linux), 90PXE (Pre-execution Environment) protocol, 39, 235Python, 581

conditionals, 588-590dictionaries, 587functions, 590-591interfaces, getting, 580Linux, 579-580lists, 585-587looping, 588-590modules, 596numbers, 581-582OOP, 591-596operator overloading, 585references, 597strings, 581-584typecasting, 582Vaults of Parnassus, 596website, 597

Python Standard Library, 596

Q-qe number comparison operators, 725Qmail, 481-482, 499-qt number comparison operators, 726qt (QuickTime) video format, 174Quake 4, 193, 198-199queries

databases, subqueries, 399DNS, controlling, 545-546

query caches (MySQL), 678-680querying

nameservers, 519-521processes, 263whois servers, 521-522

queues, printers, creating, 438Quit command (emacs text editor), 96Quit command (vi text editor), 95Quit without saving command (vi text editor), 95quotacheck command, 230quotaoff command, 230quotaon command, 230-231quotas (disk), 229-231

R-r file comparison operators, 727RAID arrays, 277Rainbow Runner G-Series TV-tuner/video display

cards, 172RAM, 831RAM disk images, creating, 806-807raw files, 170Raymond, Eric, 683, 710rc.sysinit script, 236rcp command, SSH servers, 337-338RDBMSs (relational database management

systems), 391-393read-only mounts, file system partitions, 784reading

crontab files, cron daemon, 253documentation, 105-107manual pages, man command, 700

README files, 357reboot command, 39rebooting systems, 105receiving email, 479-480Receiving Mail screen (Evolution), 116recompiling kernels, 794records

databases, 395SOA (Start of Authority) records, 530TXT records, 532

Recovery Facility (installation disc), system boots,performing, 293-295

Red Hat Linux, 1commercial support, 850distribution of, 813Enterprise Linux, 813, 817Fedora, scheduled upgrades, 815Global Learning Services, 850hardware compatibility database, 845Migration Center, 823, 845open-source development model, 814website, 850, 852

Red hat Package Manager. See RPM

protocols890

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Red Hat website, 852redo statements, Perl programming language, 574redundant file system descriptors, 759registering domains, 538registrars, 538regular expressions, 381, 574-575regular users, 206

root privileges, granting occasionally, 227-229system administration privileges, granting to,

225-229reiserfs (Reiser file system) disk file system,

766, 772reiserfs file system, 761reiserfs modules (file system), 758reiserfsck command, 785reject command, 183rejecting email, Sendmail, 488-489relational database management systems. See

RDBMSsrelational databases, 390-393relay (mail), Sendmail, configuring, 487relocating, file systems, 779-781remote access, 335

references, 343Remote X, 341SSH servers, 336-341Telnet servers, configuring, 336VNC (Virtual Network Computing), 342-343XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol),

341-342remote clients, handing, X Window System, 57remote computers, Linux, logging into/out, 89-90remote printers, 180remote printing, 431Remote X, 341removable storage media, 278-279renice command, 264-265repeatedly running, jobs, cron daemon, 251-254repquota command, 230Request for Comments (RFCs), 332requirements, hardware, 828-829rescue disc, 290-291rescues. See system rescuesresize_reiserfs command, 785resolver, configuring, 533-534resolver configuration files, 513resolvers, 511, 517resource data type (PHP), 601resource usage statistics, printing, 703-704resources

backups, assessing, 273-274Internet resources, 847-848

IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 857mailing lists, 856-857newsgroups, 854, 856search engines, 848-849websites, 848-854


responsibilities, DBAs (database administrators),389-390

restoringarchived files, 281-282MBR (Master Boot Record), 290partition tables, manually, 290-291

retrieving email, Fetchmail, 490-494reverse lookups, DNS, troubleshooting, 539reverse zones (DNS), 537-538revoking

MySQL privileges, 402-403privileges, PostgreSQL, 407-408

rewritability, DVD+RW, limits of, 168RFCs (Request for Comments), 332Rhythmbox, music, listening to, 149-152ripping audio tracks, 161RivaTV-tuner/video display cards, 172rm -rf /* command, 207rm command, 82, 685, 701-702rm file command, 82rm shell command, 701rmdir dir command, 82rmmod command, modules, managing, 792rndc command, 549rndc.conf file, 526-527root accounts, 78-79

remote server security, 341working as, 102-105

root passwords, creating, 29-30root privileges, granting occasionally, sudo

command, 227-229root user accounts, creating, 29-30root users, 206

email, reading, 488IRC (Internet Relay Chat) clients, using as, 226

root users (MySQL), passwords, setting for, 401route command, 303-304, 332routing tables, configuring, 303-304RPM (Red hat Package Manager), 738, 814

Apache web servers, installing through,355-357

command-line, 739creation of, 741files, extracting from, 743-744options, 739-740software management, 737-739

rpm –I command, 795rpm –U command, 795rpm command, 737-743rpm files, 176RPM packages, installed package listings, 849-850rpmbuild command, 741RRs (resource records), DNS, 516rsh shell, 255RSS readers, 119-120rsync command, yum local repositories,

creating, 753

rsync command, yum local repositories, creating 891

48_0672329425_index.qxd 7/23/07 2:44 PM Page 891

Run a shell command command (vi texteditor), 95

Run( ) method, 649run-parts command, 252Runlevel 0, 237Runlevel 1, 237Runlevel 2, 237Runlevel 3, 237Runlevel 4, 237Runlevel 5, 237Runlevel 6, 237runlevels, 68, 234-236

changing, telinit command, 246default runlevel, booting into, 237-240definitions, 236-237nondefault runlevels, booting into, 240-241Runlevel 0, 237Runlevel 1, 237Runlevel 2, 237Runlevel 3, 237Runlevel 4, 237Runlevel 5, 237Runlevel 6, 237system services, 236System V method, 236troubleshooting, 247-248

runningjobs, repeatedly, 251-254shell scripts, 712-714system jobs, 252system services, xinetd, running, 245-246

Running Qmail, 500runtime configuration, Xen virtualization system,

349-350runtime configuration directives, Apache web

servers, 367runtime errors, kernel, troubleshooting, 808-809runtime server configuration settings, Apache web

servers, 367-372

S-s file comparison operators, 727Salzman, Peter J., 851Samba, 297, 415, 419

complexity of, 419configuring

with /etc/samba/smb.conf file, 425-428with SWAT, 421-425with system-config-samba, 420-421

installing, 419shares, mounting, 430smbd daemon, starting, 429-430smbstatus command, 429SWAT (Samba Web Administration Tool), 419testing with testparm command, 428website, 444

Samba Unleashed, 333, 419Sample /var/log/xferlog File with Inbound and

Outbound Logging listing (20.5), 476Sams Teach Yourself C++ for Linux in 21 Days, 639Sams Teach Yourself Perl in 21 Days, The, 578Sams Teach Yourself Shell Programming

in 24 Hours, 711SANE (Scanner Access Now Easy), 178SAP, Linux, use of, 814sash shell, 255Save As command (emacs text editor), 96Save file command (emacs text editor), 96Save file command (vi text editor), 95sawfish window manager, 76sbin directory, commands, 84scalars, Perl, 566scan/fax/print devices, troubleshooting, 442scanners, 153-155scans, dpi (dots per inch), 154schedulers, cupsd, 180scheduling tasks, 249

at command, 249-251batch command, 249-251cron daemon, 251-254

Schwartz, Randal L., 578scp command, 295screen image captures, xwd Unix screenshot

tool, 710screen images, capturing, 157Screen section (xorg.conf file), 59, 63-64screen shell command, 706-708script kiddies, 656script languages, rc.sysinit script language, 236scripting init scripts, 242scripting languages, Python, 581

conditionals, 588-590dictionaries, 587functions, 590-591interfaces, 580Linux, 579-580lists, 585-587looping, 588-590modules, 596numbers, 581-582OOP (object-oriented programming), 591-596operator overloading, 585references, 597strings, 581-584typecasting, 582Vaults of Parnassus, 596website, 597

scriptsinit scripts, 241-242shell scripts, writing, 258

SCSI device support subsection (kernel), 805SCSI disk drives, 791Search backward command (emacs text

editor), 96

Run a shell command command892

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search engines, search tips, 848-849Search forward command (emacs text editor), 96search tips, Web search tips, 848-849searching, Mono libraries, Beagle, 647-650secure shell (SSH) remote logins, 320“Securing and Optimizing Linux,” 851security

access control lists (ACLs), 545Apache web servers, 372-377commands, 666computer attacks, 655-657databases, 390disaster recovery plans, creating, 664-665DNS, 542-549firewalls, configuring, 663-664networks, 659-662passwords

managing, 224networks, 659-660physical security, 659-660

references, 667SELinux, 666spoofing, 543Tripwire security tool, 660-661UNIX security considerations, 544updates, 665user-based security, 78-79viruses, 662vulnerabilities, assessing, 657-658wireless networks, securing, 658-659

Security Focus website, 667Security HOWTO document, 232Security options subsection (kernel), 806security reports, Apache web servers, 355SELECT statement (SQL), 395SELinux, 35, 666SendAsync( ) method, 649Sender Policy Framework website, 550sending email, 479-480Sendmail, 480-481, 484-485

configuring, 484-485email, rejecting, 488-489email access rules, 488email forwarding with aliases, 488mail relaying, 487message delivery intervals, setting, 486sendmail.cf files, building, 487smart hosts, 485-486syntax of, 484-485website, 499

Sendmail, 500sendmail command, 499Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide, 487sendmail.cf file, 484, 487sequences, slices of, 583serial numbers, nameservers, maintaining, 540ServerAdmin directive (httpd.conf file), 369


ServerLayout section (xorg.conf file), 59-60ServerName directive (httpd.conf file), 369ServerRoot directive (httpd.conf file), 368servers

anonymous FTP servers, configuring, 455Apache web servers, 353

access control, 372-377authentication, 372-376building source code, 357-359configuration directives, 360configuring, 366development of, 353-354downloading, 354dynamic modules, 360experimental versions, 356graphic interface configuration, 364-366installing, 355-359intranet websites, 384logging, 384-386modules, 377-382MPMs (multiprocessing modules), 370online documentation, 354optimizing, 675-676popularity of, 353runtime server configuration settings,

367-372security reports, 355starting, 359-364static modules, 360virtual hosting, 382-384

blade servers, 345caching nameservers, configuring, 522-524configuring, LDAP, 552-556database servers, installing, 389DHCP servers, configuring, 316-318FTP servers

administration commands, 471-476Bsdftp-ssl servers, 447choosing, 445-446connected user information, 472file-conversion actions, 468-470NcFTPd servers, 446-447packages, 446

GPS (global positioning server), 313headless servers, 235IRC servers, establishing, 124Microsoft Exchange Server, alternatives to,

497-498nameservers, 517-521NFS servers, configuring, 416-418proxy servers, 501-510SSH servers, 336-341Telnet servers, configuring, 336vsftpd servers, 446

anonymous access control, 452-453configuring, 452-455starting, 451-452

whois servers, querying, 521-522

servers 893

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wu-ftpd serversconfiguring, 455-467xinetd daemon configuration, 450-452

service command, 243, 362Service Configuration tool, system services,

controlling at boot, 244-245services

booting, init script, 241-242configuring, 242-244controlling at boot, 242-245runlevels, 236

booting into default, 240-241booting into the default, 237-240changing, 246definitions, 236-237

running at bootup, 234-246starting manually, 248stopping manually, 248

Session Message Block (SMB) protocol, 419session message block printing, 434-435session writing DVDs, 167set group ID (sgid) permissions, Linux, 100-101set user ID (suid) permissions, Linux, 100-101Setting and Unsetting Variables listing (27.5), 623setup command, 183, 244, 249, 332sftp command, 339, 477SGI partitions (file system), 760sgid (set group ID) permissions, 100-101, 219-220sh shell, 255Shadow Password File ftp User Entry

listing (20.1), 449shadow passwords, 222-223, 448-449Shadow-Password HOWTO document, 232shaped windows, X Windows System, support

for, 57shar command, 258shar file command, 83shared data, working with, /usr directory, 88shared libraries, 84shares, mounting, Samba, 430sharing

files, 415-428printers, 415, 433

SharpDevelop, 651sharps, 714she-bangs, 565shebang lines, 714shell

basic commands list, 685-686command locations, printing, 704commands, combining, 704-706directories

changing, 687-689creating, 700

disk usage statistics, printing, 690-691file access permissions, changing, 689files

copying, 689-690deleting, 701-702finding, 691-693listing, 698-699locating from an index, 698managing, 82-83moving, 701printing, 686-687printing last lines, 702

links, creating, 696-697manual pages, reading, 700output, paging through, 694-696Perl programming language, access to,

575-576processes, listing, 701reasons for using, 684-685resource usage statistics, printing, 703-704strings, searching for, 693-694

shell command line, 255-256SHELL environment variable (Linux), 90SHELL lines (/etc/crontab file), 252shell scripts

aliases, 712comments, 712comparison of expressions, 724-729functions, 735-736interpreting through specific shells, 714-715myenv shell script, 712reasons for using, 711references, 736running, 712-714special characters, 721-723special statements, 729-735task automation, 718-720testing, 719text wrapping, 712variables, 715-721writing, 258

shellsash, 254ash.static, 254background processing, 258bash, 254bsh, 254csh, 255default shells, changing, 214Fedora Core shells list, 254ksh, 255man pages, 255pattern-matching support, 256-257pdksh, 255piping data, 257-258rsh, 255sash, 255sh, 255shell command line, 255-256shell scripts, interpreting, 714-715

servers894

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syntax, 91tcsh, 255zsh, 255

shells file (/etc directory), 85shift statements, shell scripts, 732shortcut icons, 42shortcuts, 246shred command, 697shuffle( ) array function, 619shutdown command, 104-105, 467shutdown files, magic cookies, list of, 467shutting down, systems, 104-105shutting down Fedora, 38-39simple backup strategies, 276Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), 479, 483Simple Perl Program listing (25.1), 564single quotes, shell scripts, 722-723single-user mode (Runlevel 1), 237Skolnick, Cliff, 354slappasswd tool, 553slaptest command, 553Slashdot.org, 675, 810slave nameservers, 517small-enterprise backup strategies, 275small-office backup strategies, 275smart hosts, Sendmail, 485-486SMB (Server Message Block) network file

system, 761SMB (Session Message Block) protocol, 419smbclient, 477smbclient command, 183, 429, 477smbd daemons, starting, 429-430smbfs modules (file system), 758smbmount command, 430smbprint command, 183smbspool command, 183smbstatus command, 429SMPs (symmetric multiprocessors), 816SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 320,

479, 483sniffing (network), 662SOA (Start of Authority) records, 530-531SOA field, zone file, 530software

backups, 280-286DHCP client software, installing, 315-316Fedora, installing, 30-33FTP software, installing, 447-448games, 47Internet workstation, 46inventory management (yum tool), 748kernels, 787, 791-794managing

pirut command, 751-752rpm command, 737-744yum tool, 744-755yumex command, 752-753


multimedia, 47office suite, 46removing (yum tool), 747updating, 47-49

Solaris, 78sort( ) method, Python, 586sound, volume, adjusting, 169-170sound cards, 169-170, 831

ALSA drivers, 169configuring, 169OSS drivers, 169

sound conversion utilities, 177sound formats, 170-171Sound Juicer, 151Sound subsection (kernel), 806source code

Apache web servers, building, 357-359checking, 634

source tree (Linux kernel), 788-790sourceforge window manager, 76Sourceforge.net, 270sources, obtaining Linux kernel, 796-797sox command, 171space requirements (X Windows System), 58Spamassassin, 483, 495-496special characters (shell scripts), 721-723special operators (PHP), 610special statements (shell scripts), 729

break statements, 734case statements, 733-734exit statements, 735for statements, 729-730if statements, 733shift statements, 732until statements, 732while statements, 730-731

spelling dictionaries, OpenOffice.org, 133SPF (Sender Policy Framework), TXT records, 532splint command (C/C++ programming language),

634, 638split DNS, 548-549split( ) method, Python, 587SpreadFirefox.com, 128spreadsheets, formatting (Calc), 138-141SQL (structured query language), 393

data, retrieving, 395-397database clients, 408-413MySQL, 397-403PostgreSQL, 397-400, 403-408statements, 393-395subqueries, 399tables, 393-395

Squid proxy serversACLs (access control lists), 503-507client IP addresses, specifying, 508configurations, 509-510configuring, 502-503

Squid proxy servers 895

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default port, 504installing, 502references, 510

Squid: A User’s Guide, 510Squid: The Definitive Guide, 510Squirrelmail, 496Srinivasan, Sriram, 578SSH (secure shell) remote logins, 320SSH access, database clients, 409-410ssh command, 332, 666, 685SSH servers

configuring, 336-337rcp command, 337-338scp command, 338sftp command, 339ssh-keygen command, 339-341SSH1, disabling, 337stp command, 337Telnet servers, compared, 335website, 343

ssh-keygen command (SSH servers), 339-341SSH: The Secure Shell, 343Stallman, Richard, 95, 788standard users, 207standardization, 141StarOffice, 131Start tutorial command (emacs text editor), 96starting

Apache web servers, 359-364Calc (OpenOffice.org), 137-138system services, manually, 248X Windows System, 67-73

startx command, 71-72, 75, 711stat command, 785statements, 5, 572

conditional statementsPerl, 570-571PHP, 608-610

shell scripts, 729-734SQL statements, 393-395

static IP address assignments, 299static modules (Apache web servers), 360statically linked commands, 84statistics, user usage, 215status command, 441stereotypes (users), 209stopping

Apache web servers, 361-364system services, manually, 248

storage, hard drive storage, planning for, 829-830storage capacity, multimedia, 166storage devices, 831storing temporary files, 88str replace( ) string function, 616strategies, backups

choosing, 271-277evaluating, 274-277

full backups on periodic basis, 276full backups with incremental backups,

276-277home-user backup strategies, 275large-enterprise backup strategies, 275mirroring data, 277simple backup strategies, 276small-enterprise backup strategies, 275small-office backup strategies, 275

streaming audio, playing, 152Strict RFC1179 Compliance option (remote UNIX

printers), 434strin comparison operators (Perl programming

language), 568string comparisons (comparison of expression),

724-725string constants (Perl programming language), 570string data type (PHP), 601string functions (PHP), 615-618strings

PHP, defining, 606Python scripting language, 581-584searching for, grep command, 693-694

strip postfixes, 468strip prefixes, 468strlen( ) string function, 615Stroustrup, Bjarne, 639strpos( ) string function, 617-618styles, Writer (OpenOffice.org), 135-136su command, 225-227, 231sublevel number section (kernel), 795submount command, 785subnet/hardware address parameters, 314subnet/hostname network parameters, 314subqueries (databases), 399subsections (kernel), 804-806substituions, PHP variables, 606substr( ) string function, 616-617Subversion system (C/C++ programming

language), 633-634sudo command, 227-229, 231suid (set user ID) permissions, 100-101, 219-220suites (productivity), 129, 141-142

commands for, 148CrossOver Office, 147Gnome Office, 142-145Hancom Office, 146KOffice, 144-147Microsoft Windows derived applications,

147-148OpenOffice.org, 130

Base, 131Calc, 130, 136-141configuring, 131-133development of, 131Dia, 131Draw, 131

Squid proxy servers896

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hyphenation dictionaries, 133Impress, 131installing, 131-133Math, 131Microsoft format importation, 130Microsoft Office compatibility, 129Planner, 131spelling dictionaries, 133website, 132Writer, 130, 133-136

websites, 148Wine, 147WordPerfect Office 2000, 146

summarizing data, Calc (OpenOffice.org), 139-141SunOS/Solaris partitions (file system), 760super-user accounts, 78, 102-105super-users, 206superblocks, 759SuperRescue CD, 294svg (Scalable Vector Graphics) file format, 155svn command, 638swapoff command, 786swapon command, 785SWAT (Samba Web Administration Tool), 419-425switchback client (X Windows System), starting,

72-73switches

AllowOverrrides directive, 372Options directive, 371

switches list, gcc (GNU C compiler), 635switching PHP, 611-612Sylpheed, 118symbolic debugging, 635symbolic links, 236, 696symlinks, 696symmetric multiprocessing, problems, preparing

for, 833-834symmetric multiprocessors (SMPs), 816SYN Stealth scans (Nmap), 658sync command, 672, 786synchronization, file systems, 672syntax, shells, 91sysadmin, 206sysctl command, 674, 809sysrq.txt document, 789system, booting

boot floppy disks, 292GRUB disk, 292-293Recovery Facility (installation disc), 293-295rescue disc, 291

system administration privileges, regular users,granting to, 225-229

system administrator, 206System and Peripheral Inventory Checklist, 835,

837System Commander, 39system jobs, editing, 252system logging, 719


system logging directives (ftpaccess configurationfile), 463-464

system management tools, 267-270System menu, 43System Monitor, 268-269system requirements

Fedora, 818Xen virtualization system, 347

system rescues, 289boot floppy disk, system boots, 292GRUB disk, system boots, 292-293MBR, 290partition tables, manually restoring, 290-291Recovery Facility (installation disc), system

boots, 293-295rescue disc, 290-291

system servicesbooting, init script, 241-242bootup, running at, 234-246configuring, 242-244controlling at boot, 242-245definitions, 236-237runlevels, 236

booting into nondefault, 240-241booting into the default, 237-240changing, 246

running, xinetd daemon, 245-246starting manually, 248stopping manually, 248

system users, 207System V method, 236system-config-bind command, 541-542, 549system-config-display client, X Windows System,

configuring, 64-67system-config-httpd configuration tool, 386system-config-keyboard client, 85system-config-mouse command, 74system-config-network command, 332, 512system-config-network networking screen, 299system-config-nfs command, 332system-config-nfs graphical client, NFS server

configuration, 417system-config-printer client, 179system-config-printer command, 432, 443system-config-printer tool, 185-191system-config-printer-gui graphical interface, print

services, configuring, 181-182system-config-printer-tui command, 181-182, 443system-config-samba command, configuring

Samba, 420-421system-config-securitylevel, 666system-config-securitylevel command, 332, 663system-config-securitylevel configuration client,

firewall configuration, 663system-config-securitylevel tool, 544system-config-services command, 242, 249, 477system-config-users command, 231, 258

system-config-users command 897

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system-control-display command, 74system-monitoring tools, 261

console-based monitoring, 261-263disk quotas, 267free/used memory, displaying, 266-267graphical process management tools, 267-270KDE, 270kill command, 263-264priority scheduling, 264-266system management tools, 267-270

systemsrebooting, 105shutting down, 104-105user activity, monitoring, 214-215

TTab Window Manager (twm), 72table level privileges (MySQL), 402Table options (Writer), 135tables

routing tables, configuring, 303-304SQL tables, 393-395

tail command, 685, 702tape archives, 83tape drives, 279tar command, 83, 279tar tool, 285, 295

backups, creating, 280-282files, copying, 286-287

tarballs, 83targets, makefiles, creating, 631-632tasks

automating, 233, 718-720scheduling, 249-254

Taylor, David, 168TCP/IP (Transport Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol), networking with, 309-310TCP/IP addressing, wireless networking, 312-314TCP/IP Network Administration, 333tcpdump command, 661tcsh shell, 255Teach Yourself TCP/IP Network Administration

in 21 Days, 333Telephony support subsection (kernel), 805Teletext FAQ, 177telinit command, 246, 249Telnet servers, 335-336temporarily changing UIDs (user IDs), 225-227temporary files, storing, 88TERM environment variable (Linux), 91terminal clients (X Windows System), 58terminal multiplexers, 706Terminator, The, 111ternary operators (PHP), 610test command, 724

test file systems, creating, 782-784testing

Samba, with testparm command, 428shell scripts, 719

Testing Types in PHP listing (27.1), 601testparm command, testing Samba, 428text editors (Linux), 93-96Text search command (vi text editor), 95text wrapping (shell scripts), 712text-based console logins (Linux), 89thinkjettopbm command, 183third-party DNS services, 524threads (newsgroups), 125Thunderbird email client, 117-118

configuring, 558website, 128

tif (Tagged Image File) format, 155TightVNC website, 343tilde character (~), 42time, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), 708time command, 264time zones, setting, 28timewarps, wtemp files, 214Timidity application, 171title( ) method, Python, 584TiVo, 176TiVo2, 176tmp directory, commands, 88tools

command line, 77-88Desktop Effects, 56group management tools, 211-212Mono, 642-644user management tools, 212-214yum (Yellowdog Updater, Modified), 737

Tools screen (Evolution), 117top command, 265, 686, 703-704Torvalds, Linus, 788touch command, 215tracking function time, 635transactions, 399TransGaming Technologies, 201-202Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

See TCP/IPTrash icon, 41triggers, databases, 400trim( ) string function, 615-616Tripwire security tool, 660-661, 667Trojan horses, 660troubleshooting

DNS, 538-542Internet connections, 331kernel, 807-809Perl command-line errors, 565printers, 442-443runlevels, 247-248

tune2fs command, 672-673, 786

system-control-display command898

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Tuxmobil-Mobile Unix website, 854TV cards, 171-174twm (Tab Window Manager), 72typecasting, Python scripting language, 582typed input, 5types field (ftpconversions file), 469

UUDF (Universal Disk Format) file system, 767udf modules (file system), 758UIDs (user IDs), 209, 225-227umask command, 215umount command, 418, 786umsdos modules (file system), 758uname –r command, 795uname command, Linux compilation data,

viewing, 816Undo command (emacs text editor), 96uniform resource locators (URLs), 421Unix

backups, levels, 275Linux, compared, 814

Unix Backup and Recovery, 280, 296UNIX CD Bookshelf, 710Unix-to-Unix Copy (UUCP) utilities, 220UnixWare slices (file system), 760unless conditional statements (Perl programming

language), 571-572unmount command, file systems, unmounting, 777unmounting file systems, 777unprivileged domains, 347Unreal Tournament, 56Unreal Tournament 2004, 193, 197-198Unreal Tournament 4, 202unset( ) function, 623unshar command, 83until loops (Perl programming language), 573until statements

Perl programming language, 573-574shell scripts, 732

update( ) method, Python, 587updates

mouse devices (X Windows System), 62security, 665

updatingpasswords, 213software, 47-49

upgradesDNS, 525Fedora, 815

UPGs (User Private Groups), 210upper( ) method, Python, 584uptime command, 266URLs (uniform resource locators), 421usage statistics, users, 215


USB (Universal Serial Bus) devices, problems,preparing for, 832

USB drives, 278USB printers, troubleshooting, 442-443USB scanners, 154USB support subsection (kernel), 806used memory, displaying, 266-267Usenet Newsgroups, 124-126, 854, 856user accounts, 205-207

/etc/passwd files, 205command-line tools, 231disk quotas, 229-231Fetchmail, configuring, 493-494file ownership, 206file permissions, 219locking, 214regular users, 206root user accounts, creating, 29-30root users, 206standard users, 207super-users, 206system administration privileges, granting,

225-229system users, 207users, 207-209

user considerations (Fedora), 826-827User directive (httpd.conf file), 368-369user directories, protecting, 86USER environment variable (Linux), 90user groups, LUGs (Linux Users Groups),

joining, 851user information

FTP servers, displaying, 472wu-ftpd servers, configuring, 459-463

user information directives (ftpaccess configuration file)

displaying administrator email address, 462displaying files, 460-462displaying prelogin banners, 459-460last modification date notifications, 463

user jobs, running, 252user variables (shell scripts), 715User-Authentication HOWTO document, 232user-based security, 78-79useradd –G command, 211, 213useradd command, 103, 207-208, 213, 231userdel command, 104, 213UserDir directive (httpd.conf file), 369userinfo command, 231usermod –G command, 211usermod command, 211, 214, 231usermount command, 786usernames, 209userpasswd command, 231users

accountsadding to, 207-208locking out of, 214

users 899

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adding, 213attributes, changing, 214creating, 103-104database users, 406-407databases, managing, 390default shell, changing, 214deleting, 104, 213disk quotas, 229-231FTP users, 448-450groups, adding to, 211home directories, creating, 213managing, 212-215passwords

managing, 220-225updating, 213

permissions, 215-220regular users, 206root privileges, granting occasionally, 227-229root users, 206, 226standard users, 207super-users, 206system administration privileges, granting to,

225-229system users, 207types of, 79UIDs, changing temporarily, 225-227UPGs (User Private Groups), 210usage statistics, 215

Using a switch/case Block listing (27.4), 611Using Backticks to Access the Shell

listing (25.4), 575Using Samba, 444usr directory, commands, 88UTC (Coordinated Universal Time), 28, 708UTF-8 language encoding, 152uudecode file.uu command, 83uuencode file command, 83

Vvalues

array elements, 602Python dictionaries, 587shell script variables, 715-716

values function (Perl), 567van Rossum, Guido, 579, 597vanilla Linux kernel, introduction of, 788var directory commands, 88var dump( ) function, 623-624variable data files, accessing, 88variables, 5

environment variables (Linux), 90-93Mono, creating, 645-646Perl programming language, 566-568

PHP, 600-602setting/unsetting, 623substitutions, 606

Python scripting language, object variables,592-593

shell scripts, 715-721var_dump( ) function, 625Vaults of Parnassus (Python scripting

language), 596versions

Linux kernel, 795-796Perl programming language, 564

vfat modules (file system), 758vi command, 258, 577vi text editor, 94-95Vidal, Seth, 746video, viewing, 171-176video cards, 171-174, 194-195, 831video formats, 174video players, 176video recorders, 175-176videoconferencing (Internet), Ekiga, 127-128VideoLAN HOWTO, 176VideoLAN project, 177View options (Writer), 134viewing

file systems, 762hidden processes, 269Linux compilation dates, 816video, 171-176

vim command, 686vim text editor (Linux), 93vimtutor command, 95virt-manager command, 350virtual consoles, 79virtual CPUs, 350virtual desktops, 72virtual file systems, 86virtual host properties, configuring Apache web

servers, 365-366virtual hosting, Apache web servers, 382-384virtual machines (VMs), 346Virtual Network Computing (VNC), 341-343Virtual Network Computing remote desktop

software, 270virtualization, 345-346virtualization systems, Xen, 345, 347

commands, 350dom0, 347domU, 347guest operating systems, 348-349installing, 347-348runtime configuration, 349-350system requirements, 347

virus scanners, 662viruses, 662

users900

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VMs (virtual machines), 346vmstat (virtual memory statistics) tool, 266VMware, 346VNC (Virtual Network Computing), 341-343vnc package, 347VNC Viewer (Xen virtualization system), 349vncviewer command, 350vncviewer tool, 267VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol), 128volume, adjusting, 169-170volumes

logical volume management, 22LVM (Logical Volume Management), 781

vsftpd command, 477vsftpd servers, 446

anonymous access, controlling, 452-453configuring, 452-455starting, 451-452

vulnerabilities assessments (security), 657-658

Ww command, 214-w file comparison operators, 727Wall, Larry, 578, 638war driving, 659WarGames, 111watch command, 266wav files, 170weakly typed languages, 566Web access, database clients, 410-411web browser icon, 41Web Caching, 510web servers, Apache, 353

access control, 372-377authentication, 372-376building source code, 357-359configuration directives, 360development of, 353-354downloading, 354dynamic modules, 360experimental versions, 356graphic interface configuration, 364-366installing, 355-359intranet websites, 384logging, 384-386modules, 377-382MPMs (multiprocessing modules), 370online documentation, 354optimizing, 675-676popularity of, 353runtime server configuration settings, 367-372security reports, 355starting, 359-364static modules, 360virtual hosting, 382-384


WebCal website, 148webcam command, 477websites

FTP references, 477OpenOffice.org, 132productivity applications, 148Python scripting language, 597Red Hat Linux, 852remote access references, 343resources, 848-854

welcome.msg files, 462Wessels, Duane, 510whatis command (Linux), 82WHERE statement (SQL), 395whereis command (Linux), 82which command, 686, 704while loops, 612while loops (Perl), 573while statements (shell scripts), 730-731whois command, 521-522Window Maker website, 76window managers, 58, 76window selector, 44Windows games, playing, 201-202Windows Logical Disk Manager partitions (file

system), 760Wine code, gaming, 193Wine productivity application, 147WinModems, 832Wireless Networking section, 42wireless networks, 310

access points, 659configuring, 49-51iwconfig command, 310iwlist command, 310iwpriv command, 311iwspy command, 311passwords, 659-660physical security, 659-660references, 332securing, 658-659support for, 310-312TCP/IP addressing, 312-314

wish command, 715wodim command, 15Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory, installing, 199WordPerfect Office 2000, 146worker multiprocessing module (Apache web

server), 370Workspace Switcher, 43writeback mode (ext3 disk file system), 764, 774WriteLine( ) method, 645Writer (OpenOffice.org), 130, 133

formatting, 135-136options, 134starting, 134-135styles, 135-136

Writer (OpenOffice.org) 901

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writinginit scripts, 242shell scripts, 258

wtemp files, timewarps, 214wu-ftpd servers

access control, configuring, 456-459configuring, 455-467permission control, configuring, 464-466system logging, configuring, 463-464user information, configuring, 459-463xinetd daemons, configuring for, 450-452

WWW (World Wide Web), introduction of, 111

XX Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP),

341-342-x file comparison operators, 727X protocol, 57X server (X Windows System), 58X Windows System, 54

AIGLX, 56-57benefits of, 57compressed fonts, support for, 57configuring, 64

commands, 74-75system-config-display client, 64-67xorg.conf file, 67

development of, 53distributed processing, 57games, 193GNOME, 53-55graphical login managers, support for, 57hardware graphics systems, support for, 57miscellaneous fonts, 58mouse devices, updates, 62remote clients, handling, 57resources for, 854shaped windows, support for, 57space requirements, 58starting, 67-73terminal clients, 58window managers, 58X protocol, 57X Server, 58X.Org 7.2, 58xorg.conf file, 59-64

X-Chat IRC client, 122-123X.Org 7.2, 58X.Org foundation, 53X.Org website, 75X11, 53X11R7, 53xargs command, 686xbiff command, 499xdm display manager, configuring, 70

XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol),341-342

xen package, 347Xen virtualization system, 345, 347

benefits of, 345-346commands, 350dom0, 347domU, 347guest operating systems, setting up, 348-349installing, 347-348paravirtualization, compared, 346runtime configuration, 349-350system requirements, 347VNC Viewer, 349website, 350

xend command, 350xenguest-install.py command, 350xenguest-install.py script, 348Xensource.com, 350Xfce desktop, 675XFce desktop environment, 74-75XFree86 Project, Inc., 75XFS, 766XFS file system, 761Ximian Evolution website, 128Xine DVD/video player, 177Xinerama, 67xinetd Configuration File for wu-ftpd

listing (20.2), 451xinetd daemon

system services, running, 245-246wu-ftpd servers, configuring for, 450-452

.xinitrc file, 71xm command, 349-350xm console yourvm command, 349xm destroy yourvm command, 349xm mem-set command, 349xm restore yourvm.state command, 349xm shutdown yourvm command, 349Xmms audio player, 177Xmms music player, 151Xorg command, 74xorg.conf file

Device section, 62-63elements, 59Files section, 60InputDevice section, 61Module section, 60-61Monitor section, 62Screen section, 63-64ServerLayout section, 59-60X Windows System, configuring, 67

xosview client, discontinuation of, 267xsane, 154xsri command, 75xwd Unix screenshot tool, 710xxx wildcard, shell pattern-matching searches, 257

writing902

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Yyum (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) command, 849

development of, 746mailing list, 746partial updates, 745references, 755software installation, 745software updates, 745-746software, inventory management, 749verifying availability, 745

yum (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) tool, 737,744-746

configuring, 750-751development of, 746home page, 755local repository, creating, 753-755maintaining, 747-748packages

inventory management, 748removing, 747

running noninteractively, 746yum update command, 848yumex tool (software management), 752-753

Z-z string expression operators, 724Zawodny, Jeremy, 681zImage directive, 800zone files, 529-531, 540zone transfers (DNS), controlling, 546ZoneEdit, 524Zope Content Management System (CMS), 597zsh shell, 255


zsh shell 903

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