4g-the next generation wireless networks
TRANSCRIPT
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4G The Next Generation WirelessNetwork
Cheng Cui & Zhiwei Li
Department of Software & Information System
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Introduction
4G is an initialism of the term Fourth-Generation
Communications System. A 4G system will provide an end-to-end IP solution
where voice, data and streamed multimedia can beserved to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis athigher data rates than previous generations.
No formal definition is set as to what 4G is, but theobjectives that are predicted for 4G can besummarized as follows:
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Introduction - contd
4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system ofsystems and network of networks wired and wirelessnetworks (e.g.: computer, consumer electronics,communication technology)
Providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, inoutdoor and indoor environments
End-to-end quality of service High security
Offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere
Affordable cost and one billing
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The following are some possible features of the 4G systems :
Support interactive multimedia, voice, video, wireless internet andother broadband services.
High speed, high capacity and low cost per bit.
Global mobility, service portability, scalable mobile networks.
Seamless switching, variety of services based on Quality of Service(QoS) requirements
Better scheduling and call admission control techniques.
Ad hoc networks and multi-hop networks.
Introduction - contd
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Introduction - contd
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Pre-4G Wireless Standards
WiMAX - 7.2 million units by 2010 (May include fixed
and mobile) Flash-OFDM - 13 million subscribers in 2010 (only
Mobile)
3GPP Long Term Evolution of UMTS in 3GPP -valued at US$2 billion in 2010 (~30% of the worldpopulation)
UMB in 3GPP2
IEEE 802.20
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Pre-4G Wireless Standards
Proprietarytechnologies
IEEE 802 Family
3GPP Family
WCDMA FDDWCDMA TDDTD-SCDMACDMA 1xEV-DO / DV
IPWireless TDDInterDigital TDD
FlarionNaviniNextNetArrayComm
Beamreach.
802.20
802.16e
802.16-2004 (WiMax)802.11b802.11a / g / n / s
AirGo
licensed spectrum
unlicensed spectrum
4G
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Technology - parameters of3G Vs 4G
Attribute 3G 4G
Major Characteristic Predominantly voice- data as add-on Converged data and VoIP
Network Architecture Wide area Cell based Hybrid integration of Wireless Lan(WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area
Frequency Band 1.6 - 2.5 GHz 2 8 GHz
Component DesignOptimized antenna; multi-bandadapters
Smart antennas; SW multi-band;wideband radios
Bandwidth 5 20 MHz 100+ MHz
Data Rate 385 Kbps - 2 Mbps 20 100 Mbps
Access WCDMA/CDMA2000 MC-CDMA or OFDM
Forward Error Correction Convolution code 1/2, 1/3; turbo Concatenated Coding
Switching Circuit/Packet Packet
Mobile top Speed 200 kmph 200 kmph
IP Multiple versions All IP (IPv6.0)
Operational ~2003 ~2010
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Architecture
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Architecture - contd
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Challenges
4G definition A global consensus on the 4G definition is needed before the
standardization starts. Despite efforts there still are too many diverging approached to 4G.
Seamless connectivity Inter- and intra-network connectivity is fundamental to the
provision of temporally and spatially seamless services. Vertical and horizontal handovers are critical for 4G. In the former
case, the heterogeneity and variety of networks exacerbate the
problem. Latency
Many 4G services are delay sensitive. Guaranteeing short delays in networks with different access
architecture and coverage is far from straightforward.
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Challenges - contd
Concealing complexity 4G networks would be undoubtedly complex, but this needs to be
hidden from the user. Spectrum issues
Spectrum for 4G will be allocated in 2007. It is difficult to design a wireless system without knowing the
channel, in particular if exploit multi-antenna technology.
Complex resource allocation
Management of time, frequency and spatial resources in a multi-network, multi-user environment is far from trivial.
Interference Multiple access interference control and mitigation in
heterogeneous environments (coexisting air interfaces, variedterminals and services) is an issue.
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Challenges - contd
Power consumption By any measure, power consumption in future multi-function
multi-standard 4G terminals will sharply increase. Usability is seriously compromised, heat management
becomes an issue.
Cost Cost of infrastructure is key for the success of 4G. However,
new access architectures may require a large number ofaccess points.
Cost of terminal should be low enough to attract customers.
Services need to be attractively priced.
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Development
A Japanese company has been testing a 4G communicationsystem prototype at 100 Mbit/s while moving, and 1 Gbit/s while
stationary. Recently reached 5 Gbit/s moving at 10 km/h, and isplanning on releasing the first commercial network in 2010.
An Irish company has announced that they have received amobile communications license from Irish Telecoms regulator.This service will be issued the mobile code 088 in Ireland and willbe used for the provision of 4G Mobile communications.
Sprint plans to launch 4G services in trial markets by the end of2007 with plans to deploy a network that reaches as many as 100million people in 2008
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Conclusion
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Sources on topic
Web Link Wikipedia t itle: 4G
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G
National Science Foundation
http://www.nsf.gov Groups working on 4G : WWRF , projects funded by NSF , Lucent , AT&T, Motorola, etc.
http://www.wireless-world-research.org/
4G Wireless Systemshttp://users.ece.gatech.edu/~jxie/4G
4G Wireless Standardhttp://www.nd.edu/~mhaenggi/NET/wireless/4G/
IEEE:http://www.ieee.org
IEEE Communications Society:http://www.comsoc.org/index.html
International Telecommunications Union:http://www.itu.org
Association of Computer Machinery:http://www.acm.org
European Telecommunications Standard Institue:http://ww.etsl.org
3Gpp partnership project:http://www.3gpp.org
Internet Engineering Task Force:http://www.ietf.orgB
Bluetooth official website:http://www.bluetooth.com
WAP forum:http://www.WAPForum.org
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Sources on topic
Journals IEEE Explore: IEEE journals and conferences
http://www.ieee.org/ieeexplore
Ad Hoc Networks Journal
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
IEEE Transactions On Information Theory
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IEEE Communications Magazine
IEEE Network Magazine
IEEEJournal on Selected Areas in Communications (JSAC) Journal of Communications and Networks
Journal of High-Speed Networks
Mobile Computing and Communications Review
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Sources on topic
Conferences/Workshops ACM SIGCOMM Special Interest Group on Data Communications
http://www.sigcomm.org/
IEEE ICC (International Conference on Communications)
IEEE INFOCOMhttp://www.ieee-infocom.org/
ACM SASN (ACM Workshop on Security of Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks )
ACM SIGMOBILE MOBICOM (International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking)
ACM SIGMOBILE MOBIHOC(ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing)
Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS)
Conference on High Performance Networking and Computing (SC)
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Sources on topic
Standards RFCs
http://www.rfc-editor.org/
Internet Draftshttp://www.ietf.org/
ITU-Thttp://www.itu.int/
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Research papers in the area
Aurelian Bria, Maxime Flament, Fredrik Gessler, Olav Queseth, Rikard Stridh,
Matthias Unbehaun, Jiang Wu, Jens Zander. 4th Generation wireless infrastructures -
scenarios & research challenges. Special Edition IEEE Personal Communications,
Dec. 2001, 2001.
Savo Glisic andJuha-Pekka Mkel, University of Oulu, Finland. Advanced Wireless
Networks: 4G Technologies
Vinod Mirchandani, M. Rubaiyat Kibria, and Abbas Jamalipour, "An Open-System
4G/B3G Network Architecture", in the proceedings of IEEE International Conference
on Communications (ICC), vol. 2, pp. 1357-1361, Soul, South Korea, May, 2005.
Jihad Qaddour, Raffique A. C. Barbour, Evolution to 4G wireless: problems,
solutions, and challenges AICCSA 2005: 78 K.R. Santhi, G.S. Kumaran ,Migration to 4G: Mobile IP based Solution,
Telecommunications 2006.AICT-ICIW apos;06. International Conference on Internet
and Web Applications and services/Advanced International Conference on Volume ,
Issue , Date: 19-25 Feb. 2006, Pages: 76- 76.
Availabe at: http://webpages.uncc.edu/~zli19/4g.htm