#5 aton chris r 201107
DESCRIPTION
ppt for Motorboat Operator's Training Course (MOTC) courseTRANSCRIPT
The Anchor Bend• Securing a line to any ring or rail• Tying to an ‘Anchor’
Aids To Navigation(Chapter V in student manual)
What we will cover…
What are Aids to Navigation (ATONS)? Types of navigation aids Buoyage systems in the U.S. U.S. ATONS: IALA-B System Reading a chart Other buoyage systems encountered Other navigation aids encountered
What Are Aids to Navigation?
Mark safe water and assist boat operators in determining their position in relation to land or hidden dangers
ATONS
Types of Navigation Aids
Lateral Information and Regulatory
Used in conjunctio
n with Navigation Charts
Lateral Navigation Aids
Mark edges of channels to tell which way open water is.
Also know as: Day beacons Lights Buoys Day marks / Day
shapes
Lateral Aids in Bodega Bay
Lateral Navigation Aids
Mark edges of channels to tell which way open water is.
Also know as: Day beacons Lights Buoys Day marks / Day
shapes
Information and Regulatory Aids
Give direction and information
Warn of hazards and obstructions
Mark controlled areas Mark closed areas Very common
Information & Regulatory Aids
Means to Relay Information
ShapesColorsNumbersLettersLightsSounds
Lateral Aids in NavigationMark the edge of safe water along a navigation route
Are used in conjunction with nautical charts
Lateral Aids in Navigation
Navigational charts viewed on-line
http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.govhttp://hd-sf.com/livemap.html
Buoyage Systems in the U.S.
IALA (International Association of Lighthouse Authorities) IALA-A (Eastern Hemisphere) IALA-B (Western Hemisphere)
Intra-coastal Waterways Uniform State Waterways
“Buoyage refers to all the different physical devices, buoys, lights, day boards that convey information to the mariner based upon colors, shapes and numbers.”
U.S ATONS: IALA-B SystemWestern Hemisphere
Lateral markers in the IALA-B system follow the 3R Rule:
Red on Right when Returning upriver (or from sea)
IALA-B Markers
CansCylindrical-shaped buoys are marked with green markings and odd numbers. They mark the left side of the channel as a boater enters from the open sea or heads upstream.
Hint: “7Up” comes in a green can.
NunsCone-shaped buoys are marked with red markings and even numbers. They mark the right side of the channel as a boater enters from the open sea or heads upstream.
Hint: “V8” comes in a red bottle.
Lighted BuoysBuoys use lateral marker shapes, colors and numbers and have a matching colored light.
Beacons, Day Boards and DaymarksPermanently placed signs attached to structures. Common daymarks are red triangles (equivalent to nuns) and green squares (equivalent to cans). These may also be lighted.
Range MarkersFound in pairs with one higher than the other. Indicate the center line of a channel by aligning both as you pass through the channel.
Other IALA-B Markers
Preferred Channel Marks
Junction markers indicate the preferred channel at points where the waterway splits or branches off in another direction
Reading A Chart
The first marker seen entering from sea is the open, or safe water marker. The RW "G" means that it is a Red and White striped marker with, in this case, the letter "G" on it.
or
Chart Exercise
Bodega entrance
Fl 4s 20ft 6M “B” HORN
Flashes (at night) 4 seconds20 feet highCan be seen 6 milesLetter “B”Sound: Horn
Reading A Chart
The next marker you see as you enter this waterway is G "1" Fl G 4 sec. This tells you it is Green, has the number 1 on it, and it Flashes Green once each 4 seconds.
Reading A Chart
R N "2" plus the red symbol indicates a Red Nun buoy with the even number 2 on it. Conversely G C "3", is a Green Can buoy with the odd number 3 on it.
Reading A Chart
A junction marker referred to as RGN "C" uses its top color to show the primary channel (Red and Green Nun buoy). Use the top color and shape as if it were a stand alone marker if you want to follow the primary channel. In this case leave the Red Nun to the right. Otherwise use the bottom color.
Other Buoyage Systems
IALA-B Intra-coastal waterways (ICW) Uniform State Waterways
Intracoastal Waterways (ICW) Series of tributaries running parallel
along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts from New Jersey to Texas
Navigation aids along the ICW are the same as any other U.S. Waterway with the exception of yellow markings
The yellow markings override the shape or color of the lateral markers they are affixed on
Red, right, returning also applies to the ICW markers
Generally South is considered returning
Intracoastal Waterways (ICW)
Yellow Squares indicate you should keep this marker on your port side.
Yellow Triangles indicate you should keep this marker on your starboard side.
Intracoastal Waterways (ICW)
Uniform State Waterways
Other Navigational Aids
Have no lateral significance
Used to mark a special feature or area
Can be lighted with fixed or flashing light
Special Marks
Yellow Markers =Caution
Other Navigational Aids
Other Navigational Aids
Indicate a danger which may be passed on all sides
Erected on, or moored on or near danger
Should not be approached closely without special caution
Isolated Danger Marks
Other Navigational Aids
Used to mark fairways, mid-channels, and offshore approach points
Unobstructed water on all sides
May be lettered, and may be lighted with a white light
Safe Water Marks
Other Navigational AidsRange Markers
Off to starboard Past the turning point
Range Marks in Bodega Bay
Other Markers You May Encounter
Divers Flag indicates scuba divers or snorkelers are operating in area
Alpha FlagVessel engaged in diving operations
Navigation Technologies
GPS chart plotter, fish finder
No substitute for understanding ATONS
Carry paper charts
ATON systems are NOT fail safe. Buoys can move / break
mooring Shore-based markings can be
obstructed (ie truck)
This is an introductory course.
If you need to rely on an ATON System, know how to use it before you are on the water.
Know which systems are used in your area.
In addition, be aware of “local knowledge”
Navigation & Navigational Aids
Fl R 15s 50ft HORNS Priv
Lateral Aids in S.F. Bay
Know which systems are used in your area.
In addition, be aware of “local knowledge”
It is the Operator’s responsibility to navigate safely and effectively
Navigation & Navigational Aids
The Anchor Bend Securing a line to any ring or rail Tying to an ‘Anchor’