CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS

PAGE 7

CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS

SET 3

(a) There is three types of food additive in the material bran X.

State the types of the food additive and it function.

Terdapat tiga jenis bahan tambah makanan dalam bahan berjenama X.

Nyatakan jenis bahan tambah itu dan fungsi masing- masing. [ 6 markah ](b) (i) State the function of ascorbic acid yellow sunset in materials Y?

Nyatakan fungsi asid askorbik dan sunset yellow dalam bahan jenama Y? [ 2 markah ](ii) Ethyl Buthanoate also a food additive in material Y. State the use and name the homolog series for food additive.

Etil butanoat juga merupakan bahan tambah makanan dalam bahan jenama Y. Nyatakan kegunaan dan namakan siri homolog bagi bahan tambah makanan itu. [ 2 markah ]set 86(a)In the food processing at factory, food preservation always being used. Sodium benzoate is one of the food preservation.

Dalam pemprosesan makanan di kilang, bahan tambah makanan selalu digunakan. Natrium benzoat adalah antara bahan tambah makanan yang selalu digunakan.

(i)What is meant by food preservatives

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan bahan tambah makanan ?

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]

(ii)What is the function of sodium benzoateApakah fungsi natrium benzoat?

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah](iii)Name one type of food preservative from natural resourse which have same function with sodium benzoate.

Namakan satu jenis bahan tambah makanan daripada sumber asli yang mempunyai peranan seperti natrium benzoat.

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]

(iv)The consumer health will be disturbed if the quantity of food preservative is over the standard limit. State one side effect that can happen to the consumer.

Kesihatan pengguna akan terjejas sekiranya kuantiti bahan tambah makanan melebihi had yang ditetapkan. Nyatakan satu kesan sampingan yang boleh berlaku ke atas pengguna ?

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]

(b) Antibiotic, hormone and analgesic are one of the medicine used to cure the patient. Penicillin is one of the example of antibiotic and insulin is the example of hormone. Antibiotik, hormon dan analgesik adalah antara ubat yang digunakan bagi merawat pesakit. Penisilin adalah contoh ubat antibiotik dan insulin adalah contoh hormon.

(i) What is the function of penicillin

Apakah fungsi penisilin?

...................................................................................................................................................[ 1 markah](ii)In the doctor prescription, the patient should finish all the antibiotic dose that is given. After 2 days taking the antibiotic, the patient feel healthy and stop taking the antibiotic. What is the consequence of his action toward the bacteria that coursed the pain.

Dalam preskripsi doktor, pesakit dikehendaki menghabiskan dos antibiotik dos yang diberikan. Selepas dua hari mengambil antibiotik, seorang pesakit telah merasa sihat dan berhenti mengambil antibiotik. Apakah akibat tindakan ini terhadap bakteria yang telah menyebabkan beliau sakit ?

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]

(iii) Figure 5 shows the structural formulae of aspirin

Rajah 5 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi aspirin.H O H

C

C CH

H

O

CC

HCC HO

C

C

O H

H

What is molecular formulae and empirical formula of aspirin?

Apakah formula molekul dan formula empirik bagi aspirin?

.....................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 2 markah](iv) Calculate the molecular mass of aspirin

Berapakah jisim molekul bagi aspirin?

[Gunakan maklumat : Jisim atom relatif : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]

(v)State a function of insulin

Nyatakan fungsi insulin.

.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]

set 1(c)

Discuss the uses of aspirin and it effect to our health.

Bincang penggunaan aspirin dan kesannya ke atas kesihatan kita.

[ 5 marks ]PERC. SGOR 07

10 (a)(i) Using a suitable example and equation, what is meant by polymer and polymerisation? Dengan menggunakan satu contoh dan persamaan yang sesuai, Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan polimer dan pempolimeran.?[5 marks]

(ii) Synthetic polymers are now widely used in our daily life, replacing the use of metals and other natural materials. The wide use of synthetic polymers has however give rise to environmental problems. Explain briefly how this phenomenon occurs and suggest methods that can be undertaken to reduce this problem.

Polimer sintetik adalah digunakan secara luas dalam kehidupan kita sekarang, menggantikan pengunaan logam dan bahan semula jadi lain. Namun bagitu, penggunaan polimer sintetik secara luas bagini telah menimbulkan masalah persekitaran. Terangkan secara ringkas bagaimana fenomena ini berlaku dan cadangkan cara yang boleh diambil untuk mengurangkan masalah ini.

[5 markah]

(b) Diagram 10.1 shows the label on a bottle of seasoning sauce bought from a supermarket.

Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan label pada suatu botol perisa yang telah dibeli dari sebuah pasaraya

Refer to the ingredients listed in the label in Diagram 10.1 to answer the following questions.

Rujuk kepada ramuan yang disenaraikan pada label Rajah 10.1 untuk menjawab soalan soalan berikut.

.

(i) What are the functions of benzoic acid and ascorbic acid in the sauce and how do these food additives work?

Apakah fungsi asid benzoik dan asid ascorbik dalam sos tersebut dan bagaimanakah bahan tambah tersebut bertindak?

[4 marks]

(ii) Other than benzoic acid and ascorbic acid, state the name of two other ingredients in the sauce which do not function as a flavouring.

Selain daripada asid benzoik dan asid ascorbik, nyatakan nama dua jenis ramuan dalam sos itu yang tidak berfungsi sebagai perisa

[2 marks]

(iii)Food dye is sometimes added to processed food.State two reasons for such use. Some food colouring can be obtained from plants. Give two examples of this type food dye, stating the colour of the dye obtained from these plants.

Pewarna kadang-kala ditambah kepada makanan yang telah diproseskan. Nyatakan dua sebab kegunaannya. Setengah pewarna boleh diperoleh daripada tumbuhan. Berikan dua contoh pewarna tersebut dan nyatakan warna yang dapat diperolehi daripada tumbuhan itu

[4 marks]

PERC. PHG 07

8

Diagram 8.1

Rajah 8.1

(a)Name part X and part Y. State the solubility of each parts in water and grease.

Namakan bahagian X dan bahagian Y. Nyatakan keterlarutan setiap bahagia

di dalam air dan gris.

[4 marks]

(b)Diagram 8.2 shows a set-up of apparatus when a student carried out two experiments to investigate the cleansing effect of soap and detergent on oily stained cloth in hard water.

Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan susunan radas apabila Seorang pelajar menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan pembersihan bahan pencuci oleh sabun dan detergen keatas kotoran berminyak dalam air liat.

ExperimentEksperimenArrangement of apparatusSusunan radasExperiment I:Eksperimen I:

Experiment II:Eksperimen II:

ObservationPemerhatianOily stain remainedKotoran berminyak kekalOily stain disappearedKotoran berminyak hilangDiagram 8.2

Rajah 8.2

Compare the cleansing effect between Experiment I and Experiment II.

Explain why there are differences in the observations. State the substance which is more suitable as a cleansing agent to remove stain in hard water.

Bandingkan kesan pembersihan antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan dalam pemerhatian tersebut. Nyatakan bahan yang lebih sesuai sebagai bahan pencuci kotoran berminyak dalam air liat.

[ 6 marks](c)Patient X, Y and Z are suffering from dental pain, pneumonia and depression respectively. What are the medicines that can be used to treat patients X, Y and Z ?

Pesakit X,Y dan Z mengalami sakit gigi , pneumonia dan depresan. Apakah ubatan yang boleh digunakan untuk merawat pesakit X, Y dan Z.

[ 3 marks](d)Based on your answer in (c ),

Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (c ),

(i) State one precaution that should be followed by patient X while taking the medicine.Explain why.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diikuti oleh pesakit X apabila mengambil ubat. Jelaskan mengapa.

[2marks]

(ii)Explain why patient Y must complete the whole course of the medicine prescribes to him even if he feels better.

Jelaskan mengapa pesakit Y mesti menghabiskan kesemua ubat yang disyorkan walaupun beliau telah sihat.

[3 marks]

(iii)State two side effects of the medicine taken by patient Z.

Nyatakan dua kesan sampingan terhadap ubat yang diambil oleh pesakit Z.

[ 2 marks]

skima

perc. sgor 07

10(a)(i)Polymer are long-chained / big molecules make up of many smaller repeating units joined together .1

Polymerisation is the process by which the smaller molecules / monomer are joined together forming the big molecule / polymer1

Name suitable example of polymer ( polythene/ polypropene/PVC/any synthetic polymer)1

Name the correct monomer involved with the named polymer (ethene/propene/chloroethene/ the correct monomer)1

Balanced equation for the polymerisation process

Example: n CH2CH2 ( -(CH2-CH2)n--1......5

(ii)State any 3 pollution problems from the use of synthetic polymers.

Examples :

-non-biodegradable, cause disposal problem

-blockage of drainage system and rivers/ causing flash flood by blockage

-swallowed by aquatic animals such as turtles/fish and cause death

-collects rain water and encourage breed of mosquitoes larvaes

-releases harmful/ poisonous gases when burnt.

- causes acidic rain1+1+1

.....3

Suggest any 2 methods to overcome the pollution problem

-recycle plastics/ synthetic polymers

-reduce / reuse plastics

-develop biodegradable polymers1+1....2

10(b)(i)Benzoic acid

As preservative

Slows down the growth of microroganisms/bacteria/fungi in the food

Ascorbic acid

As an antioxidant

Slows down the oxidation of oils and fats

// Prevents oils from becoming rancid1

1

1

1...... 4

(ii)Olive oil 1

Tartrazine1....... 2

(iii)To add or restore the colour in food 1

To enhance the visual appeal of the food.1

Suggested answers:

Pandan green

Saffron/tumeric yellow

Caramel / Brown sugar / Gula melaka brownButterfly peas flower/ lemuni leaf-purple[Accept any 2 suitable answers]1+1..... 4

Total:20

PERC. PHG 07

8(a)Part X hydrophobic/hydrocarbon 1m

Part Y hydrophilic/ionic 1m

Parx X dissolves in grease 1m

Part Y dissolves in water 1m4

(b)1.The cloth in experiment II is clean whereas the cloth

in Experiment I is still dirty.

2.In hard water,soap react with magnesium ion

3.to form scum

4.Detergent are more effective in hard water

5.Detergent does not form scum

6.Detergent are better cleansing agen then soap to

remove oily stain.

[ each points 1m ]6

(c )Patient X : Analgeis/anpirin - 1m

Patient Y: Antibiotic/penicillin/streptomycin 1m

Patient Z ; Psychotherapeutic / antidepressant 1m3

(d)(i)Precaution:

1.Take after food.

2. Swallowed with plenty of water

Explain:

1. Acidic and can cause irritation of the stomach.

2. To avoid internal bleeding/ulceratiion

[precaution 1m]

[explain 1m ]

2

(d)(ii)1.To make sure all the bacteria are killed /

becomes ill again 1m

2. bacteria become more resistant. 1m

3.Need stronger antibiotic to fight the same infection 1m3

(d)(iii)1.Drowsiness 1m

2. poor coordination/light-headedness 1m2

TOTAL

20

AIS KRIM NANAS

KANDUNGAN :

Susu tanpa lemak, gula, lemak, etil butanoat, asid askorbik, sunset yellow

TARIKH LUPUS :

31 Disember 2005

JENAMA Y

JENAMA X

FIGURE / RAJAH 5

Aspirin is one of the examples of analgesic medicine that cannot be prescribed to children below 12 years old.

Aspirin ialah satu contoh ubat analgesik yang tidak boleh digunakan oleh kanak-kanak yang berumur di bawah 12 tahun.

Sos Yum-Yum

Ramuan: minyak zaitun, garam, sos soya, taucu, chili, gula, cuka, asid benzoik, asid askorbik, mononatrium glutamat, tartrazina

Tarikh lupus: 31.12.2009

Yum-Yum Sauce

Ingredients: olive oil, salt, soya sauce, soya bean paste, chilli, sugar, vinegar, benzoic acid, ascorbic acid, monosodium glutamate, tartrazine

Expiry date: 31.12.2009

RAJAH 10.1

DIAGRAM 10.1.

CH3

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

COO Na +

Part Y

Bahagian Y

Part X

Bahagian X

Cloth with oily stain

Kain kotor yang berminyak

Soap + hard water

Sabun + air liat

EMBED PBrush

Detergent + hard water

Sabun + air liat

Cloth with oily stain

Kain kotor yang berminyak

EMBED PBrush