5. gender lesson 2
TRANSCRIPT
TV DRAMARepresentation of GENDER
LO: To analyse the representation of gender throughcinematography and editing
HOMEWORK
To understand editing techniques and their use and connotations in TV Drama
Examiner’s Report
• Editing
• “ As with the January 2009 session, this technical area proved to be the most problematic for candidates and the one technical area of analysis that was often omitted in candidate’s answers.”
• What is editing?
• Put simply: it’s the way shots are put together…
• Most films use a system of editing known as continuity editing
• Continuity editingmakes the action as fluid as possible, so that we are not aware of the construction process
• Therefore, you need to be especially aware to spot the techniques of editing employed during a textual analysis.
THE RULES OF EDITING
There arefive main criteria for evaluating a cut or deciding where to cut. They are (in order of importance, most important first):
• emotion — Does the cut reflect what the editor believes the audience should be feeling at that moment?
• story — Does the cut advance the story? • rhythm — Does the cut occur "at a moment that is rhythmically
interesting and 'right'"?
• eye-trace — Does the cut pay respect to "the location and movement of the audience's focus of interest within the frame" ?
• two-dimensional place of the screen — Does the cut respect the 180 degree rule?
Key Editing Techniques
• P – Pace
• A – Action
• S – Sequence
• T – Transition
Brain storm the terminology?
Dr. Who
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJpMtam_TrM
Watch this clip and comment on all the editing
techniques you spot:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJpMtam_TrM
• Give yourself a make every time you have used this terminology
Self Assess
P – Pace: length of take
– literally count every time the camera cuts
– if you find yourself counting quickly then the pace is quick
– If you count slowly pace is slow
P – Pace: length of take
“This is an example of fast paced editing”
“This is an example of slow paced editing”
“This is a long take”
“That was a short take”
How could pace of editing be related to gender?Dominant character demand
more screen time
A – Action: ask yourself who is driving the action?
– Which character does the audience follow?
– Who is dominating the reaction shots and eyelinematches?
– Who is leading shot reverse-shots?
– Match-on-action whose action are we witnessing?
How could these techniques be related to GENDER REP?
S – Sequence: is there any other action going on at the same time as the main
sequence?
– Use of cross-cutting to suggest that there is other action occurring at the same time
– Use of flashbacks to inform the audience of other important information
How could these techniques be related to GENDER REP?
T – Transition: does the transition signify anything?
– Cut: always ask yourself why a cut has occurred
– Fade to colour: significance of colour
– Dissolve: slow transition from one image to another, suggests a relationship between image
How could these techniques be related to GENDER REP?
Watch this clip again and answer the question on the
next slide:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJpMtam_TrM
How does editing and cinematography represent gender in this clip?
• Using the terminology you learnt last lesson and your knowledge of cinematography, write for 20 minute on how the micro elements represent gender.
A level 3 response will contain: 3 P.E.E. at least onelinking editing to the representation of gender
A level 4response will contain:3 P.E.E. at least two linking editing to the representation of gender
Click the image to view the clip
• Read the Student response to that clip
• What level would it receive?
G322 Key Media Concepts (TV Drama)