5 minutes:breath of arrival and attendance 10 minutes:tibialis anterior and peroneus longus 40...
TRANSCRIPT
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Lesson Plan: Joints 1
5 minutes: Breath of Arrival and Attendance
10 minutes: Tibialis anterior and peroneus longus
40 minutes: Joints 1
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Classroom RulesPunctuality- everybody's time is precious:
◦ Be ready to learn by 9:00, we'll have you out of here by 1:30
◦ Tardiness: arriving late, late return after breaks, leaving early
The following are not allowed:
◦ Bare feet
◦ Side talking
◦ Lying down
◦ Inappropriate clothing
◦ Food or drink except water
◦ Phones in classrooms, clinic or bathrooms
You will receive one verbal warning, then you'll have to leave the room.
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Tibialis Anterior and Peroneus Longus
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Tibialis Anterior
Origin:
Upper 2/3 of lateral tibia
Interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle dorsiflexion
Foot inversion
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Tibialis Anterior
Origin:
Upper 2/3 of lateral tibia
Interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle dorsiflexion
Foot inversion
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Tibialis Anterior
Origin:
Upper 2/3 of lateral tibia
Interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle dorsiflexion
Foot inversion
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Tibialis Anterior
Origin:
Upper 2/3 of lateral tibia
Interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle dorsiflexion
Foot inversion
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Peroneus Longus
Origin:
Proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle plantarflexion
Foot eversion
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Peroneus Longus
Origin:
Proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle plantarflexion
Foot eversion
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Peroneus Longus
Origin:
Proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle plantarflexion
Foot eversion
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Peroneus Longus
Origin:
Proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion:
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform (plantar)
Actions:
Ankle plantarflexion
Foot eversion
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Tibialis Anterior and Peroneus Longus
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Joints 1“Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work.”
–Thomas Edison
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Joint (AKA: articulation or arthrosis) Where bones come together or join.
Joints
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Physiology Enable the body to move. Bear the weight of the body. Provide stability.
Joints
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Fibrous / Synarthrotic
Cartilaginous / Amphiarthrotic
Synovial / Diarthrotic
Structural and Functional Classification
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Fibrous / Synarthrotic Connected by dense fibrous connective tissue, consisting mainly of
collagen. Extremely limited movement. Examples: cranial sutures, facial sutures, teeth, and tibiofibular joints
Structural and Functional Classification
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Cartilaginous / Amphiarthrotic Connected by cartilage . Slightly movable . Examples: costochondral joints, pubic symphysis, and intervertebral disk joints
Structural and Functional Classification
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Synovial / Diathrotic Contains a joint capsule that contains synovial fluid to nourish and
lubricate the articulating surfaces. Freely movable. Examples: glenohumeral, iliofemoral . . . see Synovial Joints section for
more examples
Structural and Functional Classification
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Articular cartilage
Joint capsule
Joint cavity
Synovial membrane
Synovial fluid
Synovial sheath
Bursa
Meniscus
Synovial Joints
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Articular cartilage Hyaline cartilage covering an epiphysis.
Synovial Joints
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Joint capsule Double-layered structure around a synovial joint. The outer layer is fibrous and forms ligaments, and the inner layer is the synovial
membrane.
Synovial Joints
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Joint cavity Space within a joint capsule. Lined with a synovial membrane.
Synovial Joints
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Synovial membrane Membrane that lines cavities of freely moving joints, synovial sheaths, and bursae.
Synovial Joints
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Synovial fluid Viscous fluid secreted by synovial membranes. Provides nutrition and lubrication.
Synovial Joints
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Synovial sheath Tube-like structure lined with synovial membrane that surrounds long tendons.
Synovial Joints
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Bursa Collapsed sac-like structure with an interior lining of synovial , membrane. Contains synovial fluid. Plural is bursae.
Synovial Joints
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Meniscus Fibrocartilage pads found in select joints such as the knee and jaw. Helps the joint move smoothly and serves as a shock absorber.
Plural is menisci.
Synovial Joints
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Hinge
Pivot
Ellipsoidal / condyloid
Saddle
Ball and socket
Gliding / planar
Types of Synovial Joints
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Hinge Limited to flexion and extension .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Pivot Limited to rotation .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Ellipsoidal / condyloid Limited to flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Saddle Allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, opposition, reposition, and circumduction, but not rotation.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Ball and socket Allowing all movements except gliding . Offers the greatest range of motion.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Gliding / planar Limited to planar movements but movement may be permitted in all planes .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Flexion Bending or decreasing the
angle of a joint.
Extension Straightening or increasing the angle of a joint .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Types of Synovial Joints
Flexion Bending or decreasing the
angle of a joint.
Extension Straightening or increasing the angle of a joint .
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Types of Synovial Joints
Flexion Bending or decreasing the
angle of a joint.
Extension Straightening or increasing the angle of a joint .
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Hyperextension A continuation of extension beyond anatomic position.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Abduction Movement away , from the median plane.
Adduction Movement toward , the median plane.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Abduction Movement away , from the median plane.
Adduction Movement toward , the median plane.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Supination Lateral (outward) rotation of the forearm so that the
palm is turned up .
Pronation Medial (inward) rotation of the forearm so that the palm is turned down .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Plantarflexion Extension of the ankle such that the toes are pointing downward , increasing the ankle angle anteriorly.
Dorsiflexion Flexing the ankle dorsally so that the toes are moving toward the shin .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Inversion Elevation of the medial , edge of the foot so that the sole
is turned inward (or medially).
Eversion Elevation of the lateral , edge of the foot so that the sole is turned outward (or laterally).
Types of Synovial Joints
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Circumduction Cone -shaped range of motion that occurs when the distal end moves in a circle and the proximal end is fixed.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Rotation Circular movement when a bone moves around its own central axis .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Right and left rotation Rotation for joints that lie within the median axis.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Lateral and medial rotation Rotation for joints that lie outside of the median axis.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Upward and downward rotation Rotation of the scapula so that the glenoid fossa faces either upward or downward.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Elevation Raising or lifting a body part. Moving superiorly .
Depression Lowering or dropping a body part. Moving inferiorly .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Protraction Movement forward or anteriorly .
Retraction Movement backward or posteriorly .
Types of Synovial Joints
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Opposition Movement in which the tip of the thumb comes into contact with the tip of any other digit on the same hand.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Lateral deviation Side to side movement in the transverse plane.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Anterior pelvic tilt Entire pelvis tilted forward in the frontal plane.
Posterior pelvic tilt Entire pelvis tilted backward in the frontal plane.
Types of Synovial Joints
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Glenohumeral Glenoid fossa of the scapula – Humerus; AKA: shoulder joint.
Synovial Joints
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Iliofemoral Ilium of the pelvic bone – Femur; AKA: hip joint.
Synovial Joints
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Humeroulnar Humerus – Ulna; AKA: elbow joint.
Synovial Joints
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Humeroradial Humerus – Radius; AKA: elbow joint.
Synovial Joints
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Tibiofemoral Tibia – Femur; AKA: knee joint.
Synovial Joints
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Talocrural Talus – Tibia; AKA: ankle joint.
Synovial Joints
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Interphalangeal Phalanx – Phalanx; AKA: IP joint.
Synovial Joints
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Temporomandibular Temporal bone – Mandible; AKA: TMJ, jaw joint.
Synovial Joints
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Atlantoaxial Atlas (C1) – Axis (C2); “No-no” joint.
Synovial Joints
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Radioulnar (proximal) Radius – Ulna.
Synovial Joints
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Carpometacarpal of the thumb Carpal – Metacarpal; AKA: CM joint.
Synovial Joints
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Radiocarpal Radius – Carpal; AKA: wrist joint.
Synovial Joints
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Metacarpophalangeal Metacarpal – Phalanx; AKA: MCP joint.
Synovial Joints
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Metatarsophalangeal Metatarsal – Phalanx; AKA: MTP joint.
Synovial Joints
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Atlantooccipital Atlas (C1) – Occiput; “Yes-yes” joint.
Synovial Joints
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Intervertebral facet Between each vertebrae from C2-L5; AKA: facet joints.
Synovial Joints
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Acromioclavicular Acromion process of the scapula – Clavicle; AKA: AC joint.
Synovial Joints
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Sternoclavicular Sternum – Clavicle; AKA: SC joint.
Synovial Joints
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Intercarpal Carpal – Carpal.
Synovial Joints
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Carpometacarpal Carpal – Metacarpal; AKA: CM joint.
Synovial Joints
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Lumbosacral facet L5 – S1.
Synovial Joints
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Patellofemoral Patella – Femur.
Synovial Joints
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Tarsometatarsal Tarsal – Metatarsal; AKA: TM joint.
Synovial Joints
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Intertarsal Tarsal – Tarsal.
Synovial Joints