5 things you need to know about enterprise fl

Data Center Solutions 1

Adam Roberts

5 Things You Need to Know About Enterprise Flash

Chief Architect, SanDiskMay 2016


Forward-Looking Statements

During our meeting today we will make forward-looking statements.

Any statement that refers to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances is a forward-looking statement, including those relating to market growth, industry trends, future products, product performance and product capabilities. This presentation also contains forward-looking statements attributed to third parties, which reflect their projections as of the date of issuance.

Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements due to a number of risks and uncertainties, including the factors detailed under the caption “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in the documents we file from time to time with the SEC, including our annual and quarterly reports.

We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof or as of the date of issuance by a third party, as the case may be.


Simple answer: It is a different class of… Data protection Device protection Performance expectation

The Question we will ask ourselves: How is an Enterprise device different from a client device?


End-to-End Data ProtectionWhile “In Flight”


RAM

RAM

Data moves in lots of directions: ‒ To the flash media from the

controller ‒ To SRRAM/DRAM from the

controller‒ Between the SRAM/DRAM and

the Flash media via controller Client SSDs may protect some,

or none of the data paths Enterprise SSDs per SanDisk®

definition will provide end to end “in flight” data protection

There are a Lot of Data Paths Inside an SSD

NAND Controller

NAND

NAND

NAND

NAND

NAND

= any data path inside of a drive


Power Failure Protection


RAM allows for quick writes commits– Data is committed to fast RAM so

application can move forward quickly – Data moves to persistent storage

in background– RAM is volatile

Storage Devices Utilize SRAM/DRAM to Speed Up Writes

When write data is committed to RAM, the application assumes it is at rest. If the device fails or power is disrupted prior to data actually being moved to final media, the data is lost, or worse the customer accesses a stale copy of the data. Power fail protection on an Enterprise drive will prevent this.


Good Engineering!– We understand ratio of power and time

needed per specific capacity and drive types to ensure writes in flight to final media actually get there

– Power fail or interruption to drive or system results in a RAM flush to persistent media

How Do We Do This?

Ultimately SanDisk® Enterprise drives not only provide additional performance acceleration with RAM, but also ensures the acceleration mechanism doesn’t lose or corrupt data. Client drives as a class will not provide this protection.


Temperature Throttling andGeneral Protection from Itself


NAND is sensitive to heat– SSDs produce their own heat– SSDs are exposed to heat produced by other devices in the server– SSDs are exposed to high ambient temperatures in some cases

SanDisk Enterprise Drives monitor environmental conditions the drive endures– If the drive media is too hot, the device is throttled– Preventing the media from overheating can save data

Drives Produce Heat, Especially When Writing


Guardian Technology™ Platform – Enhances Flash Endurance utilizing “in house” NAND knowledge

Endurance Data Retention Read Disturb

Adaptive Algorithms to Minimize Wear Intelligent Temperature-Aware Recycling Proactive Monitoring of Localized Reads

Closed loop algorithms to optimize the flash settings for each die

Minimizes cell damage over the product life

Maximize operating retention by recycling only when needed

Refresh interval is adjusted as a function of temperature

Minimize performance degradation in read intensive localized work-loads

Adaptive algorithms to optimize read thresholds

● ● ●

● ● ●


Quality of Service (QoS)


QoS is a specification that SanDisk assigns to it’s Enterprise devices to help ensure the customer can guarantee a certain level of performance

An example of how SanDisk specifies QoS on one specific drive:– Max read latency <50usec 99.99% of the time (QD1)– Max write latency <100usec 99.99% of the time (QD1)

Client devices do not typically offer a specification for QoS. The 99.99% specification here is Enterprise quality and is actually better than a large number of Enterprise SSD competitors.

Performance stability allows solutions to be designed in which the user has confidence in when the data will be delivered to the application. QoS provides levels of expected performance that prevent over-margin in a design.

Quality of Service (QoS): What is it and why does it matter?


Our drives behave the same at the end of lifeas they did when you installed them!


0/100 W/R - 4

10/90 W/R

20/80 W/R

30/70 W/R

40/60 W/R

50/50 W/R

60/40 W/R

70/30 W/R

80/20 W/R

90/10 W/R

100/0 W/R

0/100 W/R - 4

10/90 W/R

20/80 W/R

30/70 W/R

40/60 W/R

50/50 W/R

60/40 W/R

70/30 W/R

80/20 W/R

90/10 W/R

100/0 W/R

Measurement for Read Data to Host Measurement for Write Data from Host

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

BOL EOL

19nm CloudSpeed 1000 Performance Over Life

2 drives were short stroked to 1/8th capacity PE’s were applied rapidly over several weeks beyond end of life bit error rate Performance on 2 new drives is shown for comparison.

Performance profile is similar from beginning to end of life.

512

byte

tran

sfer

size

IOPS


Guardian brings other values to the customersuch as write amplification benefits


WA for Different Workloads

1.5

1.7

1.9

2.1

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Writ

e Am

plifi

catio

n

Fraction of Address Space Receiving 90% of Writes

Competitor WA

SanDisk WA

SanDisk has developed special technology that dynamically identifies the “temperature” of write data and minimizes write amplification for workloads with mixed hot and cold data. Device performance can be used for the application and not to offset unneeded write amplification.

UniformMixed Hot / Cold


Uncorrectable Bit Error Rate (UBER)


Model Optimus Eco™ Optimus Ascend™ Optimus Ultra™ Optimus Extreme™ Optimus MAX™

Capacities1 400GB, 800GB, 1.6TB, 2TB

200GB, 400GB, 800GB, 1.6TB

150GB, 300GB, 600GB, 1.2TB

100GB, 200GB, 400GB, 800GB 4TB

Sequential Read/Write MB/s3 Up to 530/530

200GB:Up to 550/380400GB - 1.6TB:Up to 550/540

150GB:Up to 550/380300GB - 1.2TB:Up to 550/540

100GB:Up to 550/380

200GB - 800GB:Up to 550/540

Up to 500/500

Random Read/Write IOPS (4K)5 Up to 90K/35K Up to 95K/40K Up to 95K/40K Up to 95K/40K Up to 85K/11K

Interface 6Gb/s SAS 6Gb/s SAS 6Gb/s SAS 6Gb/s SAS 6Gb/s SASInterface Ports DualForm Factor 2.5” 2.5” 2.5” 2.5” 2.5”Unrecovered Bit Error Rate (UBER)

<1 sector in 1018 bits read





Endurance DWPD6 3 DWPD 10 DWPD 25 DWPD 45 DWPD 0.5MTBF 2.5 Million Hours

Enterprise SSDs Take UBER to a Higher Level

https://www.sandisk.com/business/datacenter/products/flash-devices/ssds/sas-ssd/optimus#footnotes





Model Lightning Eco™ Gen. II SSD Lightning Ascend™ Gen. II SSD Lightning Ultra™ Gen. II SSD

Capacities3 800GB, 1.6TB 200GB, 400GB, 800GB, 1.6TB 200GB, 400GB, 800GB

Sequential Read/Write MB/s4 Up to 980/6001 Up to 980/6001 Up to 980/7401

Random Read/Write IOPS Up to 195K/80K1 Up to 195K/100K1 Up to 199K/115K1

Interface 12Gb/s SAS 12Gb/s SAS 12Gb/s SAS

Interface Ports Dual (x2 wide) full-duplex Dual (x2 wide) full-duplex Dual (x2 wide) full-duplex

Form Factor 2.5" 2.5" 2.5"

Unrecovered Bit Error Rate (UBER) <1 sector in 1018 bits read <1 sector in 1018 bits read <1 sector in 1019 bits read

MTBF 2.5 Million Hours

Endurance Random Workload DWPD5 3 10 25

Enterprise SSDs Take UBER to a Higher Level

https://www.sandisk.com/business/datacenter/products/flash-devices/ssds/sas-ssd/lightning-gen2#footnotes










Model Number PX600-1000 PX600-1300 PX600-2600 PX600-5200

Capacities1 1TB 1.3TB 2.6TB 5.2TB

Read Bandwidth (GB/s)2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7

Write Bandwidth (GB/s)2 1.5 1.7 2.2 2.1

Random Read IOPS (4K) 196,000 235,000 350,000 285,000

Random Write IOPS (4K) 330,000 375,000 385,000 385,000

Read Access Latency 92μs 92μs 92μs 92μs

Write Access Latency 15μs 15μs 15μs 15μs

Bus Interface Gen. 2, x8 Gen. 2, x8 Gen. 2, x8 Gen. 2, x8

Endurance (PBW)3 12 16 32 64

Reliability (UBER) 10-20

Fusion ioMemory™ PCIe Flash Cards Take UBER to an Even Higher Level

https://www.sandisk.com/business/datacenter/products/flash-devices/pcie-flash/px600#footnotes




Differentiated Data Reliability(The story of an Enterprise drive’s drive) Google study1

– 20–63% of drives experience at least one uncorrectable error during their first four years in the field

– 2-7% develop at least one bad chip Facebook study2

– 4.2% and 34.1% of the SSDs… reporting uncorrectable errors

SanDisk Guardian Technology™– Actively manages each flash cell

to minimize unrecovered errors– Handles expected error modes

proactively – Reduces the stress on each flash

cell with adaptive techniques for gentle erases

– Reduces hard errors by optimal placement of charge distributions

1. Shroeder et al, Flash Reliability in Production: The Expected and the Unexpected2. Meza et al, A Large-Scale Study of Flash Memory Failures in the Field


Does your use case involve valuable data that can’t be lost?– End to end data protection, coupled with published UBER ratings can allow for informed decisions on

redundancy decisions, and the need for things like UPS protection etc..

Does your use case involve heavy compute or storage write access or require devices to protect data even in warm ambient conditions?

– SSD writes produce power as does heavy CPU use while ambient temperatures can stress flash media. Enterprise devices can help prevent media damage and save data

Does your use case require performance predictability? – Enterprise devices will typically provide some QoS to guide the users, while Enterprise will rarely if ever

provide this data. – Knowing what you need with respect to performance and knowing what a device will deliver can prevent

wasting resources on performance margining used to prevent unacceptable performance drops

Let’s think thru what we discussed..

Thanks!

www.sandisk.com

© 2016 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates. All rights reserved. SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are trademarks of Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates, registered in the U.S. and other countries. Optimus, Lightning, CloudSpeed, and Fusion ioMemory are trademarks of Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates. Other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be the trademark(s) of their respective holder(s).