5.2 functions of skeleton
TRANSCRIPT
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Secondary TwoTopic: Bones and JointsSub Topic: Functions of
Skeleton
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Content Purpose• Students will understand the functions of the skeleton.
• Students will be able to list the four types of bones and state an example for each type.
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Language Purpose• Long bones
• Short bones• Flat bones• Irregular bones
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Social Purpose• One conversation• No sleeping• Putting of palm on whiteboard• Class too noisy and need to
quieten down
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Today’s LessonGet into house levelEach house will be required to
research on a type of bone and present the findings during second period◦Cypress – Long bone and its
functions◦Jacaranda – Short bone and its
functions◦Aspen – Flat bone and its functions◦Carova – Irregular bone and its
functions
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Before we start…
Which type of bone is this?
This is the skeleton of our hand
Ans.: Long bone
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Group DiscussionAt the end of the discussion,
each group will be an expert in the type of bone assigned. Everyone in the group must be able to:◦Describe the type of bone assigned.◦List an example of the type of bone
assigned.◦Name a function of the type of bone
assigned.
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PRESENTATION TIME!
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LONG BONECypress House
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Long BoneBones that have diaphysis,
epiphysis and a hollow centre.Cylindrical in shape, which gives
rise to the name “long” bone.Need not be physically long.Eg. Phalanges (fingers), upper
and lower arms / legs, etc.
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Long BoneLong bones generally used for
actions that require long range of movements, eg. tossing of ball◦Act as a lever to efficiently bring
about rapid movement.Long bones also determine
height, shoe size, etc
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Which are the long bones?
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SHORT BONEJacaranda House
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Short BoneSmall and
squat.Spongy
bone covered with a thin layer of compact bone.
Light and very strong.
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Short BoneProvides
movement which need a range of directions.
Located mainly at wrist, ankle and knee.
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HOW MANY BONES ARE THERE IN THE WRIST?
Ans.: 8
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FLAT BONEAspen House
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Flat BoneCharacterised by the flatness and
large surface area.Spongy bone between 2 layers of
compact bone.
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Flat BoneProtect delicate
organs.Give big surface
area for muscle attachments.
Examples: Scapula (collar bone), cranium (skull), pelvis (hip bone), ribs.
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IRREGULAR BONECarova House
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Irregular BoneAny shape of bone that does not
fit into the earlier 3 categories.Spongy bones inside, compact
bone outside.
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Irregular BoneShaped to suit the specific jobs.Example:
◦Back bone (vertebrae) to protect spinal cord, lower jaw (mandible) to hold the teeth for chewing.
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General Functions of BoneShapeSupportProtectionMovementBlood production
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Functions of Bone – ShapeThe skeleton gives rise to the
shape of human by providing a framework.
Without the skeleton, we will look like a lump of flesh.
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Functions of Bone – SupportKeeps internal organs in place.Examples:
◦Skull keeps brain in place.◦Chest cavity holds lungs and heart in
place.Provides point of attachment for
muscles.
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Functions of Bone – Support Girl born almost without bone –
Janelly Martinez-Amador
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Functions of Bone – ProtectionProtect delicate organs.
◦Ribs protecting lungs and heart.◦Skull protecting brain.
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Functions of Bone – MovementMuscles are attached to bones.Muscles contract and pull the
bones, which give rise to the movement.
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Functions of Bone – Blood ProductionBlood is produced in the marrow
cavity (red marrow).Approximately 2.4 – 2.6 million
red blood cells are produced every second.
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Lets Recap!Name the 4 types of bones that
we had covered today.What are the 5 functions of
human skeleton?