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Operat ingGuide

HP 53131A/132A 225 MHz

Universa l Coun ter



HP 53131A/132A 225 MHz

Universa l Coun ter

Opera t ing GuideThis guide describes how to use t he HP 53131A/132A 225 MHz Universal

Count er. The inform at ion in th is guide applies to instr um ents h aving the

nu mber prefix listed below, unless a ccompa nied by a “Manu al Upda ting

Changes” package indicating otherwise.

SERIAL P REF IX N UMB ER: 3313A to 3736A (H P 53131A)

3352A to 3736A (HP 53132A)



Hewlet t -Packard Company 7.NC.NL.A.11.03.97.R1.P .CW6FCSanta Clara Division5301 Stevens Creek BoulevardSant a Clara , California 95052-8059

©Copyright Hewlett-PackardCompany 1999

All Rights Reserved.Reproduction, ada pta tion, ortran slations without priorwritten permission isprohibited, except as allowedunder the copyright laws.

Prin ted: May 1999

Printed in USA

Manual part number53131-90055

Certif icationand Warranty

Certif ication

Hewlett-Packard Companycertifies that this pr oduct metits published specification at t hetime of shipment from t hefactory. Hewlett-Packar dfurther certifies that itscalibration measu rements ar etraceable to the United StatesNational Institute of Standa rds

and Technology (formerlyNational Bureau of Standar ds),to the extent allowed by theInst itut e’s calibrat ion facility,and to the calibrat ion facilitiesof other Internat ionalStandar ds Organizationmembers.

Warranty

HP warran t s HP hardware ,accessories and su pplies against

defects in mat erials andworkman ship for a period of th ree years from date of shipmen t. If HP receives noticeof such defects du ring t hewarran ty period, HP will, at itsoption, either r epair or replaceproducts which pr ove to bedefective. Replacement productsmay be eith er new or like-new.

HP warrants that HP softwarewill not fail to execut e its

program ming instr uctions, forth e period specified above, dueto defects in mater ial andworkman ship when properlyinsta lled and used. If HPreceives n otice of such defectsduring the warr ant y period, HPwill replace software m ediawhich does not execute itsprogramm ing instructions du eto such defects.

For detailed warranty

information, see back matter.

Safety Considerat ions

General

This product a nd r elateddocumenta tion m ust bereviewed for familiarizat ionwith this safety markings andinstr uctions before operation.

Before CleaningDisconnect th e product fromoperating power beforecleaning.

Warning S ymbols That MayBe Used In This Book

Instru ction manu al symbol; theproduct will be mar ked withthis symbol when it is necessaryfor th e user to refer to theinstruction ma nual.

Indicates hazardous voltages.

Indicates ea rth (ground)terminal.

or

Indicates ter mina l is connectedto chassis when such connectionis not appar ent.

Indicates Alternating current .

Indicates Direct current.

Safety Considerat ions(contd)

WARNING

BODILY INJURY OR DEATHMAY RESULT FROMFAILURE TO HEED AWARNING. DO NOTPROCEED BEYOND AWARNING UNTIL THEINDICATED CONDITIONSARE FULLY UNDERSTOODAND MET.

CAUTION

Dama ge to equipment , orincorrect measur ement data ,may result from failure toheed a caution. Do notproceed beyond a CAUTION un til the indicated conditionsare fully understood and met.

Safety Earth Ground

An uninterr uptible safety earthground must be maintainedfrom the ma ins power source toth e product’s ground circuitry.

WARNING

WHEN MEASURING POWERLINE SIGNALS, BEEXTREMELY CAREFUL ANDALWAYS USE ASTEP-DOWN ISOLATION

TRANSFORMER WHICHOUTPUT IS COMPATIBLEWITH THE INPUTMEASUREMENTCAPABILITIES OF THISPRODUCT. THIS PRODUCT’SFRONT AND REAR PANELSARE TYPCIALLY AT EARTHGROUND. THUS, NEVER TRY TO MEASURE AC POWER LINE SIGNALS WITHOUT AN ISOLATION TRANSFORMER.

For additional safety and acoustic n oise information, seeback m atter.



Contents

Operating Guide iii

In This Guide

Co nte nts an d Org an iza tio n x ii

Re late d Docum ents xii i

Ty p e s o f S e rv ic e Av a il ab le i f Yo u r In s t ru m e n t F ai ls x iv

Standard Repair Services (Worldwide) xiv

Expr ess Repair/Perform an ce Calibrat ion Ser vice(USA Only) xiv

Assembly-Level Service Guide xiv

Re packag in g for Sh ipm en t xv

D e s cri p ti o n o f t h e 2 25 MH z U n i ve rs a l Co u n te r x v i

Option s xvi iiHardware xviii

Suppor t xviii

Ac ce s so ri es Su p pli ed an d Av ai la ble x ix

Accessories Supplied xix

Accessor ies Available xix

Su pplied Ma nu als xixDifferences Betw een Prior and Current Revis ions of the

HP 53131A/132A xx

HP 53131A Cont ainin g Firm war e Revisions (3317, 3335, or

3402) xx

Ca libr at ion s xxi

Measurements xxi

Sta t ist ics xxiiH P-IB Com ma nds xxii

HP 53132A Time In terva l Delay Arming xxii



Contents

iv Operating Guide

H P 531 31 A/13 2A Qu i ck R e fe re n c e Gu i de x x ii i

1 Ge ttin g Starte d

Th e Fro nt P an el a t a Gla nc e 1-2

Th e F ro n t P a n el In d ic at ors a t a Gla n ce 1-3

Th e F ro n t P a n el In d ic a to rs a t a Gla n c e (Co n t.) 1 -4

Th e Fro nt P an e l Me n us a t a Gla nc e 1-5

Th e F ro n t P a n e l Me n u s a t a Gl an c e (Co n t.) 1 -6



Th e D is pla y An n u nc ia to rs at a Gla n ce 1-9

Th e D is p la y S p e ci al Ch a ra c te r a t a Gl an c e 1-1 0

Th e Li m it Te s t Gra p h Ch a ra c te rs a t a Gl an c e 1 -1 0

Th e R ea r P a ne l a t a Gla nc e 1-11Ma kin g Me as ure me nts 1-12

To Mea su r e F r equ en cy 1-13

To Select Inp ut Coupling an d Impeda nce 1-15

Select ing Inpu t Coup ling 1-15

Select ing Inpu t Impedance 1-16

To Set Input Chann el Tr igger Level/Sensit ivity 1-17

Changing Tr igger Mode 1-17

Modifying Input Tr igger Level 1-17

Select ing Input Tr igger Slope 1-18

Select ing Input Sens it ivity 1-19

St a rt in g t h e Mea su r em en t 1-19

To Select Sca le and Offset 1-19

E n ter in g t h e S ca le Va lu e 1-20En ter ing t he Offset Va lue 1-21

Displaying t he Ma th Resu lt s 1-22

Disa blin g Ma th 1-22

To Set Limit s of Measurements 1-23

Set t in g t h e U pper Lim it 1-24

Set t ing t he Lower Limit 1-26



Contents

Operating Guide v

Setting the Counter to Flag and St op Measuring OnOut -of-L imit Measuremen t s 1-28

Setting the Count er to Flag On Limits But Cont inueMeasur ing 1-29

Disabling Limit Tes t ing 1-30

Disa blin g Ma th 1-30

To Per form Sta t is t ics on Measurements 1-31

Select ing the Type of Stat ist ics (Stats) 1-31Comput ing Sta t s on Filt e red Data Only 1-32

Displaying Sta ts After F ilter ing Data of Inpu tSigna l 1-34

Dis ablin g St a ts a n d Ma t h 1-35

To Cont rol Measu rem ent 1-36

2 Ope ratin g You r Un ive rsal Cou nte rIn troduction 2-2

Ch apt er Su mma ry 2-2

Where to Find Some Key Working Examples 2-3

H ow t h is Co u nt e r Wo rk s fo r Yo u 2-4

Using the Measuremen t Control Keys (Run and Stop/

S in gle ) 2-5

Overview of the Measurement Control Keys 2-5

To Use the Measurement Cont rol Keys 2-6

U si ng E n try /S e le c t (Arro w ) Ke y s 2-8

To U se Du r in g N u mer ic E n tr y 2-8

To Use When Sequencing Thr ough t he Measur ementFu nction Men us (Fr eq & Rat io, Time & Per iod, Other Meas)

a n d t he Reca ll Men u 2-8To Use Dur ing Sta te Ch an ging (ON/OFF, LO/MED/HI,

etc.) 2-9

To Use on Pr ompt ed Event Messages (SE T OFF SET ?, CAL:

OFFS n ?, TEST: ALL?, e tc.) 2-9

To Use on Pr ompt ed Help Messages (MATH H ELP ?,

P RINT H ELP ?) 2-9



Contents

vi Operating Guide

U sin g th e ME AS UR E Me n u Ke y s 2-10Overview of the MEASURE Menus 2-10

To Mea su re F r equ en cy 2-11

To Measure F requency Ra t io 2-12

To Measure T ime Int erva l 2-13

To Mea su re P er iod 2-13

To Measure Rise/Fa ll Times 2-13

To Measure Posit ive/Negat ive Pulse Widths 2-14

To Measure Du ty Cycle 2-14

To Make Tota lize Measurements 2-14

To Ma ke Ph a se Mea su r em en t s 2-15

To Measure Posit ive/Negat ive Voltage Peaks 2-15

U s in g th e Ga te & E x te rn a l Arm Me n u Ke y 2 -1 6

Overview of Gate/External Arming Funct ions 2-16Gate/Externa l Arming Capabilit ies 2-16

AUTO Ar min g 2-16

E XTE RN AL Ar min g 2-17

TIME Ar min g 2-17

DIGITS Ar min g 2-17

HP 53131A (an d HP 53132A With S/N P refix Below3646) Time Interval DELAY Arming 2-17

HP 53132A (With S/N P refix 3646 and Above) TimeInt erva l DELAY Arming 2-20

To Use t he Ga t e and Externa l Arm 2-24

Example Pr ocedure for Ga te a nd E xterna l Arm 2-24

Exam ple Pr ocedur e for Cha nging the Nu mber of

Digits of Resolution Displayed for MoreP recise Mea su rem en ts 2-25

U sin g th e MATH Me n u Ke y s 2-27

Overview of Scale/Offset Math Menu 2-27

To Use the Sca le /Offset Math Menu 2-28

Example Procedure for Scale Funct ion 2-28

Example Procedure for Offset Funct ion 2-29



Contents

Operating Guide vii

Example Procedure for Turning Off Math Mode 2-30Exa mple Pr ocedur e for Set ting th e Offset F romt he La st Mea su rem en t Va lu e 2-31

Overview of Stat is t ics (Stats) Menu 2-32

To Use th e Stat s Menu for Automatic and ContinuousS tat is tica l Ana lys is 2-33

Example Procedure for Comput ing Sta t s 2-33

Example Procedure for Easy Viewing of Stats 2-34Exa mple Pr ocedur e for F ilter ing Dat a (Using Limits)

Dur in g Sta t s 2-35

Exa mple Pr ocedur e for Configuring SINGLE to Initiat e

N Mea su remen ts 2-36

Example Procedure for Turning Off Stats Mode 2-36

U si ng th e LIMITS Me n u Ke y s 2-37

Overview of Limit s Menus 2-37To Set and Use Automat ic Limit Tes t ing 2-38

Limits Testing Example 1—Flag an d Stop Measuring

On Lim its 2-38

Limits Testing Exam ple 2—Flag On Limits but

Con tin ue Mea su rin g 2-40

Limits Test ing Exam ple 3—Use Analog Gra ph

Display While Adjus t ing Input S igna l 2-40

Limits Test ing Exam ple 4—Selectin g Filtering

Condit ions of S ta ts Computa t ion 2-42

Limits Test ing Exam ple 5—Sendin g the Limit-Detect

Outpu t t o th e RS-232 Serial Port 2-43

Using CHANNEL 1 and CHANNEL 2 Input

Con dition in g Keys 2-44

Overview of Trigger/Sensit ivi ty Menu 2-44

To Use th e Trigger/Sensitivity Keys to Adjust Coun ter ’s

Tr igger in g Level 2-48

Exa mple Pr ocedur e for Set tin g Trigger Volta ge and

S en sit ivit y Levels 2-48



Contents

viii Operating Guide

Exam ple Procedur e for U sing Comm on 1 t o Mak e TimeInterval (TI) Measurements on a Single Signal 2-51

Overview of Input Conditioning Toggle Keys 2-51

U si ng th e Sa ve a nd Re ca ll Me n us 2-52

Overview of Save and Recal l Funct ions 2-52

To U se th e S ave F un ct ion 2-53

To Use t he Reca ll Funct ion 2-54

To Unsave a Measuremen t Setup 2-55

Usin g th e P rin t Me nu 2-56

Overview of t he P r in t Menu 2-56

To U se t he P rin t Men u 2-56

U sin g th e Util ity Me nu 2-57

Overview of the Ut ility Menu 2-57

To Set t he HP-IB Addres s 2-58Selecting Opera ting Mode (Talk/Listen, Ta lk-

Only) 2-58

Set t ing t he HP-IB Addres s 2-58

To Choose the Timebase Source 2-59

To Run the Self-Tes t Rout ines 2-59

Overview of the Self-Test Rout ines 2-59

Example Procedure for Running the Self Test 2-61

To Configure the RS-232 Ser ial Por t for P r int ing 2-61

Set t in g t h e H a r dwa r e P a cin g 2-62

Set tin g t he Ba ud Ra te 2-62

Set tin g t he P ar it y 2-63

Set t ing t he Software Pace 2-63

To Configur e th e RS-232 Serial P ort for SendingLim it -Det ect Ou t pu t 2-64

To Select the Numerical Convention for the Display 2-65

To Conn ect t he Coun ter t o a Ser ial Prin ter via t he RS-232

Port 2-65

To Connect the Counter to a Pr in te r via HP-IB 2-66

To Select the HP-IB Talk-Only Mode for Printing 2-66



Contents

Operating Guide ix

U sin g th e Ca lib ra tio n Me n u 2-67Overview of the Calibra tion Menu 2-67

To View the Cal ibrat ion Menu and Secur i ty Status 2-68

To Unsecure for Calibra tion 2-68

To Initia te th e Calibra tion Rout ines 2-69

To Secure Agains t Calibra tion 2-71

To Change to a New Secur ity Code 2-72

To View the Calibrat ion Count 2-72

To Get Help With the Calibra t ion Menu 2-72

F ro nt P an e l D is pla y Me ss ag es 2-73

Measuremen t Resu lt Displays 2-73

Power-Up/Self Tes t Messages 2-74

Men u Messa ges 2-75

H P-IB Messa ges 2-77P r e se t Va lu e s Aft e r P o w e r -U p an d *R S T 2 -7 8

HP 53131A (an d HP 53132A With S/N P refix Below 3646)Pr eset Values for Fu nctions Accessible Via Fr ont Pa nel or

HP-IB 2-79

HP 53132A (With S/N P refix 3646 an d Above) Pr eset Values

for Fun ctions Accessible Via Front Pa nel or HP-IB 2-85

Preset Values for Functions Accessible Via HP-IBOnly 2-91

S u mm a ry o f t he Me as ure m e nt S eq ue n ce 2-93

Co mm on Qu estion s 2-94

Why is S ta t s resu lt not ava ilable yet? 2-94

Why won’t p r in ter work? 2-94

Why did Coun ter s top measur ing? 2-94Why did Coun ter go to its defau lt sta te after I set up m y

RS-232 por t? 2-94

Coun ter ’s n um eric display does not follow t he n um erical

convent ion for my country. 2-94

How do I display the 13th digit in m y num erical

resu lt ? 2-94



Contents

x Operating Guide

3 Spe cification sIn troduction 3-2

In st ru men t In puts 3-2

Inst rumen t I nput s (Con t inued) 3-3

Time Base 3-4

Measurement Specifica t ions 3-5

Measurement Specificat ions (Cont inued) 3-6Measuremen t Defin it ions 3-12

Measurement Defini t ions (Cont inued) 3-13

Measurement Arming and Process ing 3-14

Measurement Arming and Processing (Cont inued) 3-15

Gen er a l I nfor m at ion 3-16

Index



Operating Guide xi

In This GuideThis book is t he operat ing guide for t he HP 53131A and HP 53132A

225 MHz Universal Counters . It consists of a t able of cont ent s,

th is preface, a quick reference guide, three chapter s, and an index.

This pr eface cont ain s t he following inform at ion:

• Content s and Organizat ion page xii

• Rela t ed Documents page xiii

• Typ es of Ser vice Ava ila ble if You r In st r um en t F ails p age xiv

• Repackaging for Shipment page xv

• Descr ipt ion of the 225 MHz Universa l Count er page xvi

• Opt ions page xviii

• Accessor ies Supplied and Available page xix

– Supplied Manuals page xix

• Differences Between Pr ior an d Cur rent Revisions of the

HP 53131A/132A

page xx



In This Guide

xii Operating Guide

Cont ent s and Organizat ion

Table o f Conte nts

Th e Quick Reference Guide consist s of a Menu Tree (cut -out sheet) th at

serves a s a device to trigger your mem ory or get you quickly reacqua int ed

with t he instrum ent, and Menu Roadma ps tha t illustr ate how to navigate

th rough th e menu s. It is locat ed after th is preface.

Chapter 1, “Getting Started ,” is a quick sta rt guide th at gives you a brief

overview of the Coun ter ’s keys, indicators, men us, displa y, and

conn ectors. La st, a gr aph ical pr ocedure for per form ing a complet e

measu rem ent is provided.

Chapter 2, “Operating Your Unive rsal Counte r ,” is a n oper at or’s

referen ce. You ar e given an overview of each gr oup of front -panel k eys,

opera tin g fun ctions, an d men us followed by a series of exercises tha t gu ide

you t hrough t he operat ion of th e Coun ter .

Chapter 3, “Specif icat ions,” lists t he specificat ions a nd cha ra cter istics of

the Count er.

Index



In This Guide

Operating Guide xiii

Relat ed Docum ent s

For more inform at ion on un iversa l count ers r efer t o th e following

Series 200 Applicat ion Notes:

• Fun da m entals of Electronic Frequency Coun ters

Application Note 200—HP par t n um ber 02-5952-7506.

• Fund am entals of Tim e Interval Measurements

Application Note 200-3—HP par t n um ber 02-5952-7561.

• Un derstand ing Frequency Coun ter Sp ecifications

Application Note 200-4—HP par t n um ber 02-5952-7522.



In This Guide

xiv Operating Guide

Types of Ser vice Available if Your In st rument

Fails

If your HP 53131A/132A fails within t hr ee years of origina l pur chase,

HP will repair it free of cha rge. If your instr um ent fails after your 3-year

warr ant y expires HP will repair it, or you can repa ir it your self by

ordering the service guide.

There a re t hr ee types of repair services:

• Standard repair service—if downtime is not cr i t ical .

• Express Repair/Performa nce Calibration Service—if downtime is

critical.

• Order t he Assembly-Level Service Guide and repair un it yourself.

Standard Repair Services (Worldwide)

Cont act your near est H P Service Center. They will ar ra nge to have your

HP 53131A/132A Un iversal Coun ter repaired.

Express Repair/Pe rformanc e Calibrat ion Service

(USA Only )If downt ime is crit ical, you can receive your repa ired H P 53131A/132A via

overn ight sh ipmen t. J ust call 1-800-403-0801 and a sk for Express

Repair/ Perform ance Calibration Service. When your Count er is repa ired,

it will be retur ned via overnight shipmen t.

Assembly-Level Service Guide

If your HP 53131A/132A 3-year war ra nt y has expir ed an d you choose to

repair th e instr um ent your self or would like m ore deta ils on self test an d

calibra tion, refer to t he H P 53131A/132A Assembly-Level Service Guide,

HP pa rt num ber 53131-90023.

I Thi G id



In This Guide

Operating Guide xv

Repackaging for Sh ipmen t

For t he Express Repair/Perform an ce Calibrat ion Service described above,

retu rn your failed HP 53131A/132A to th e designated H P Service Center ,

using th e shipping car ton of th e instr umen t. HP will notify you when your

failed inst rum ent h as been r eceived.

If the instr um ent is to be shipped to HP for ser vice or r epair, be sure youdo th e following:

• Attach a tag to the instrument identifying the owner and indicating

th e required service or repa ir. Include the inst ru ment model nu mber

an d full serial num ber.

• Place the instrument in its or iginal container with appropriate

packaging material.

• Secure the conta iner with s t rong tape or meta l bands .

If the original sh ipping cont ainer is not available, place your unit in a

cont ain er wh ich will ensur e at lea st 4 inches of compr essible packaging

ma teria l around a ll sides of th e unit. Use sta tic free packaging mat erials

to avoid additiona l dama ge to your unit .

HP suggests that you always insure shipments.

In This Guide



In This Guide

xvi Operating Guide

Descr iption of th e 225 MHz Un iversa l

Counter

The HP 53131A and H P 53132A are u niversal count ers capable of

measu ring frequencies to 225 MHz on Cha nnels 1 an d 2. With an optiona l

Cha nn el 3 Option 030, Option 050, or Opt ion 124, th is capa bility is

extend ed to 3.0, 5.0, or 12.4 GHz, respectively.

For the H P 53131A, frequency and time int erval resolut ions a re 10 digits

in one second a nd 500 picoseconds , respectively. The H P 53131A provides

users with a HP -IB measur ing speed of up to 200 measur ement s

per second, an d is suita ble for bench-top opera tion an d lower-volum e ATE

operat ion. The frequency and time inter val resolutions for t he HP 53132A

ar e up t o 12 digits in one second an d 150 picoseconds, respectively.

The HP 53132A provides users with exceptiona l resolution, an d is idealfor ATE systems operation.

The HP 53131A/132A basic measur ement functions include Fr equency,

Per iod, Pulse Width , Duty Cycle, Rise/Fall Time, Time In ter val,

Fr equency Ratio, Tota lize, Phase, a nd P eak Voltage.

The HP 53131A/132A Count er h as four arm ing modes: aut o, externa l,

digits and t ime. However, the HP 53132A with serial num ber prefix 3646

and above ha s expanded ar ming capa bilities for Time Int ervalmeasurements.

In This Guide



In This Guide

Operating Guide xvii

The HP 53131A/132A include addit iona l meas urem ent fun ctions an d

featu res t ha t a re designed specifically for m an ufactu ring an d service

applications:

• 1, 5, 10 MHz external reference capability—to match customer’s house

st an dar d (however, the H P 53132A’s extern al referen ce capa bility is

10 MH z only),

• optional ultra h igh, high, or medium stability oven oscillators for high

accuracy needs and lengthened calibration cycles,• ext er na l ga tin g,

• st a t ist ics,

• a u tom a t ic lim it t est in g,

• SCPI programming capability, and

• ana log display mode limit t e st ing

Program ma ble cont rol is performed via a n H P-IB. The H P-IB and a

ta lk-only RS-232C serial port a re st an dar d for t he H P 53131A an d

HP 53132A. The serial port is for print ing measur ed and an alyzed data on

serial pr inters, or for out put ting a n out -of-limit signa l.

In This Guide



In This Guide

xviii Operating Guide

Options

The options ava ilable for t he H P 53131A/132A 225 MHz Univers alCoun ter ar e listed following th is par agr aph . Specificat ions for t he optionsar e listed in Cha pter 3, “Specifications.” If you’ve pu rcha sed a n opt ion

with t he initial order, it will be inst alled at t he factory an d ready for

opera tion at delivery. Refer t o th e “Retr ofitt ing Options” chapt er in t he

Assembly-Level Service Guide for inst ru ctions on field inst alla tion of th eoptions.

NOTE The “0’s” an d “1’s” in t he following option n um bers ar e n um eric char acter s

(tha t is, they are not letters).

Hardware

• Medium Stability Oven Timebase, Opt ion 001

• DC Power I np ut , Opt ion 002

• High S tability Oven Timebase , Opt ion 010

• Ultra-High Stabil ity Oven Timebase, Option 012 (HP 53132A only)

• 3 .0 GHz RF Input Channel (Channel 3), Opt ion 030

• 5 .0 GHz RF Input Channel (Channel 3), Opt ion 050

• 12.4 GHz RF Input Channel (Channel 3), Opt ion 124

• Rear Termina ls1, Option 060

• Rack Mount Kit , Option 1CM. Also available under HP part

num ber 5062-3972.

• Lock-Link Kit (s ide-by-side) available under H P part

nu mber 5061-9694. Also requires Fla nge Kit, part nu mber 5062-3974.

Support

• 5-year Return to HP for Repair , Opt ion W50

• 5-year Return to HP for Calibration, Option W52

1 The two standard input channels (1 and 2) will have both front and rear terminals. Option 030 Channel 3 willhave a rear terminal only. Option 050 and Option 124 Channel 3 will have a front terminal only.

In This Guide



In This Guide

Operating Guide xix

Accessories Su pplied and Available

Accesso ries Supplied

• P ower cor d, 2.3 m et er s

Accessories Available

• HP 34161A Accessory Pouch

• H P 34131A Tr an sit Ca se

• Printer RS-232 Interface cables, HP 24542G or HP 24542H

• HP-IB cables, HP 10833A/B/C/D

Supplied Manuals

• HP 53131A/132A Operat ing Guide—this guide

(HP P/N 53131-90055)

• HP 53131A/132A P rogramming Guide

(HP P/N 53131-90044)

• HP 53131A/132A Assembly-Level Service Guide

(HP P/N 53131-90023)

In This Guide



xx Operating Guide

Differences Between P rior and Cur rent

Revisions of the HP 53131A/132A

If you h ave an HP 53131A cont aining one of th e prior firmwar e revisions

(3317, 3335, or 3402), rea d t he s ubsection below t itled “HP 53131A

Cont ain ing Fir mwa re Revisions (3317, 3335, or 3402)” to get an overview

of the differences between th e ear lier firmwar e revisions a nd curr entfirmwa re revision.

If you h ave an HP 53132A with a serial nu mber pr efix below 3646,

read the subsection titled “HP 53132A Time In terval Delay Arming”

on page xxii.

NOTE Note tha t t hr oughout th e guide, differences between th e earlier and

cur rent firmwa re r evisions a re n oted wher e applicable.

HP 53131A Containing F irmware Revisions (3317, 3335,

or 3402)

There are four ma in areas tha t differ:

• Calibra t ions

• Measurements

• Sta t ist ics

• HP-IB Com mands

In This Guide



Operating Guide xxi

Cal ibra t i ons

If your Count er cont ains other t ha n t he cur rent firmwa re revision,

th e following calibrat ion featu res a re different :

• The calibration functions are in the Utili ty menu instead of the

Calibration men u, which is accessed by pressing and holding t he

front-panel Utility key an d th en cycling POWER key.

• Calibrations are not protected by a security code.• A calibration count does not exis t to aid in monitoring the number of

calibrations performed.

• A more accurate Time Interval calibration (FINE TI) is not a vailable.

See the section t itled “Using the Ca librat ion Menu ” in Cha pter 2 of th e

HP 53131A/ 132A Operating Guide for det ails.

Measurements

If your Count er cont ains other t ha n t he cur rent firmwa re revision,

th e following measur ement capa bilities are different :

• Ratio chan nel selections Ratio 2 to 1 and Ratio 3 to 1 (for th ose

count ers equipped with Cha nn el 3) ar e not available.

• Ratio “AUTO-arm ed” does not aut omat ically extends gate to captur e

sufficient edges.

If Cha nnel 1 input frequency is less tha n a pproximat ely 10 Hz,

th e Rat io gate time is not extended to capt ur e sufficient Chan nel 1

edges t o produce a valid measu remen t. Defau lt gat e time is 100 msec,

which is not long enough t o cap tu re t wo edges on a low-frequen cy

signa l. The u ser is r equired to extend t he gat e by switching to TIME

ar ming, and selecting a gat e time app ropriately long.

• Sensitivity for firmware revision below does not have adjusted

cont rols to LO an d MED sens itivity.

In some Count ers t ha t cont ained firm war e revision 3317,

LO sensit ivity fails to corr ectly count ver y high frequ ency signals.

In This Guide



xxii Operating Guide

Sta t i s t i c s

If your Count er cont ains other t ha n t he cur rent firmwa re revisions,

single-shot st at istics ar e not available using the ON SINGLE: menu item

foun d in the St at istics menu (use Stats key).

HP-IB Comm a nd s

[:SEN Se ]:EVENt[1| 2:HYSTeres is:RELat ive

If your Count er cont ains firmwar e revisions 3402 and below, the input

hysteresis comm an d an d query does not operat e in th e conventional way.

That is, [:SEN Se]:EVENt [1| 2]:HYSTeresis:RELa tive sets high sens itivity

when th e para meter is MINimu m or 0 percent , and sets low sensitivity

when th e para meter is MAXimum or 100 percent .

In t he pr ior firmwa re r evisions (3317, 3335, or 3402), MINimum or

0 percent corr esponded t o low sensit ivity, an d MAXimum or 100 percentcorresponded to high sensitivity.

:CONFigure:TOTalize:TIMed

:CONFigure:TOTalize:CONTinuous

:MEASure:TOTalize:TIMed?

If your Coun ter cont ain s firm war e revisions 3402 an d below, the Tota lize

Measur ement Inst ruction comm an ds (shown above) ar e not available todisable a ut o-tr igger.

In t he firm ware r evisions 3402 an d below, these comm an ds ena bled

auto-trigger at the 50% level.

HP 53132A Time Interval Delay Arming

HP 53131A and HP 53132A Count ers with a serial number prefix below3646 are ident ical in th eir TI a rm ing modes. Both only offer Time In terval

Delay, where the STOP t rigger of a t ime interval mea sur ement can be

delayed by a us er-specified tim e.



Operating Guide xxiii

HP 53131A/132A Quick Reference Gu ide

The Qu ick Reference Guide is designed for exper ienced user s of th eHP 53131A/132A Universal Coun ter. It is int ended to be used as a tool to

tr igger your memory. If you a re u sing th e HP 53131A/132A for t he first

time, HP recommends t hat you a t least rea d Chapter 1, “Getting Star ted,”

in the Opera ting Guide first.

The Quick Reference Guide follows t his pa ge, and consist s of the following

items:

• Menu Trees which may be torn out of the guide for external use

(pages 1, 2, 3a, an d 3b).

• Menu Roadmaps which i llustrate via key-press sequences how to

navigate t hrough t he menu s under t he menu keys (pages 4

th rough 11). Key-pres s sequences ar e provided for t he following

menu keys :

– Fre q & Ratio

– Tim e & P eriod

– Oth e r Me as

– Gate & ExtArm

– Uppr & Low er

– Lim it Mode s

– Scale & Offse t

– Stats

– Tri gg er/S en s iti vi ty



xxiv Operating Guide



PHASE 1 TO 2

DUTYCYCLE 1

VOLT PEAKS 1

VOLT PEAKS 2

T O T A L I Z E 1

PERIOD 1

RISETIME 1

FALLTIME 1

POS WIDTH 1

TI 1 TO 2

NEG WIDTH 1

FREQUENCY 2

RATIO 1 TO 2

FREQUENCY 1

RATIO 1 TO 3

FREQUENCY 3

RATIO 2 TO 1

RATIO 3 TO 1

LOWR: 0.000000

UPPR: 0.000000

N: 100

OFFS: 0.000000

SET OFFSET ?

SCALE:1.000000

MATH HELP?

MATH: OFF

MATH: ON

STATS: OFF

STATS: ON

LIM TEST: OFF

LIM TEST: ON

ON FAIL:GO ON

ON FAIL: STOP

SHOW: NUMBER

SHOW: GRAPH

SHOW: STD DEV

SHOW: MEAN

SHOW: MAX

SHOW: MEAS

SHOW: MIN

USE: ALL MEAS

USE: IN L IM IT

ON SINGLE: 1

ON SINGLE: N

Other

Meas

Time &

Period

Freq &

Ratio

Limit

Modes

Uppr &

Lower

Scale &

Offset

Stats

HP 53131A/132A

Universal Coun ter

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)

1



50Ω

1MΩ

HP 53131A/132AUniversal Counter

Recall

RECALL 1

RECALL 3

RECALL 0

RECALL 5

RECALL 2

RECALL 4

NO REGISTERS

RECALL 20

UNSAVE:

SAVE:

PRINT HELP?

PRINT: OFF

PRINT: ON

AUTO TRG: ON AUTO TRG: OFF

LEVEL: 0.000V

COMMON 1: OFF

COMMON 1: ON

SENSTVTY: HI

SENSTVTY: LO

SENSTVTY: MED

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

COMMON 1: OFF

COMMON 1: ON

SENSTVTY: HI

SENSTVTY: LO

SENSTVTY: MED

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

CH 1: NO FILT

CH 1: LP FILT

CH 1: X1 ATT

CH 1: X10 ATT

CH 1: AC

CH 1: DC

CH 1: 1M OHM

CH 1: 50 OHM

Trigger

Sensitivity

DC

AC

X10

Attenuate

100kHz

Filter

Save &

Print

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)

2

LEVEL: 50 PCT



HP 53131A an dHP 53132A

Universal Counter

Gate &

ExtArm

TIME: .100 s

TIME: .100 s

DIGITS: 4

GATE: DIGITS GATE: EXTERNLGATE: AUTO GATE: TIME

START: NEG

START: POS

STOP: TIME

STOP: POS

STOP: NEG

STOP: AUTO

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

T I 1 TO 2

Time &

Period

Gate &

ExtArm

ARM : EXTERNLARM: AUTO

T IME : .01000

DELAY : TIME DELAY : NONE

TIME : .01000

DELAY: TIME DELAY: NONE

SLOPE : NEG SLOPE : POS

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A S/N below 3646)

3a

(Serial Number Prefix below 3646)



HP 53132AUnive rsal Counter

Gate &

ExtArm

TIME: .100 s

TIME: .100 s

DIGITS: 4

GATE: DIGITS GATE: EXTERNLGATE: AUTO GATE: TIM E

START: NEG

START: POS

STOP: TIME

STOP: POS

STOP: NEG

STOP: AUTO

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

TI 1 TO 2

Time &

Period

Gate &

ExtArm

START: EXT START: AUTO

T : .1 E : 1

DELAY : EVENT DELAY : TIME DELAY : NONE

T : .1 E : 1

DELAY : EVENT DELAY : TIME DELAY : NONE

DELAY: EVENT DELAY: TIME DELAY: NONE


STOP : EXT STOP : AUTO

(HP 53132A S/N 3646 and above)

3b

(Serial Number Prefix 3646 and above)


T : .1 E : 1



Freq &

Ratio

FREQUENCY 2

RATIO 1 TO 2

RATIO 1 TO 3

FREQUENCY 1

Freq &

Ratio

FREQUENCY 3 Freq &

Ratio

Freq &

Ratio

Freq &

Ratio

Time &

Period

T I 1 TO 2

PERIOD 1

FALLTIME 1

POS WIDTH 1

RISETIME 1

NEG WIDTH 1

Time &

Period

Time &

Period

Time &

Period

Time &

Period

Other

Meas

Other

Meas

Other

Meas

Other

Meas

PHASE 1 TO 2

DUTYCYCLE 1

VOLT PEAKS 1

VOLT PEAKS 2

TOTALIZE 1

MEASURE

Freq &

Ratio

Time &

Period

Other

Meas

Time &

Period

Other

Meas

Other

Meas

Time &

Period

HP 53131A/132A

Universal Counter

Freq &

Ratio

RATIO 2 TO 1Freq &

Ratio

RATIO 3 TO 1Freq &

Ratio

1

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)

4



GATE: AUTO

GATE: EXTERNL

GATE: DIGITS

GATE: TIME Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArm

START: POS

START: NEG

START:

TIME: .100

Enter

Gate &

ExtArm

STOP: NEG

STOP: POS

STOP:

STOP: TIME

Gate &

ExtArm TIME: .100

Enter

Gate &

ExtArm DIGITS: 10 Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArm

TIME: .200

TIME: .2000

DIGITS: 5

Enter

RUN

RUN

RUN

RUN

MEASURE

Freq &

RatioFREQUENCY 1 – – – – – – – – – – – –

Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArm

HP 53131A/132A

Universal Counter

STOP: AUTO

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)5



MEASURE

ARM: Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArm DELAY:

Gate &

ExtArm TIME: .01000

Enter

RUN

ARM: EXTERNL

DELAY: NONE

DELAY: T I M E

TIME: .02000

ARM: AUTO

RUN

RUN

RUN

Gate &

ExtArm SLOPE:

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

Time &

Period TI 1 TO 2 – – – – – – – – – – – – Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArm

HP 53131A an d

HP 53132A

Universal Counter

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A S/N below 3646)6a

(Serial Number Prefix below 3646)



MEASURE

TI 1 TO 2 Gate &

ExtArm

START: Gate &

ExtArm

Time &

Period

START: AUTO

START: EXT

Gate &

ExtArm

Gate &

ExtArmSLOPE:

Gate &

ExtArm DELAY:

Enter

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

- - - - - - - - - - -


HP 53132A

Universal Counte r

Gate &

ExtArmT : .1

T : 100.1

Gate &

ExtArm E : 1

DELAY : EVENT

DELAY : NONE

DELAY : TIME

Enter

E : 1000

A B C

6b




Gate &

ExtArm

Run

RunGate &

ExtArm T : .1

T : 100.1Enter

Gate &

ExtArm

Enter

Run

DELAY :

E : 1

DELAY : EVENT

DELAY : NONE

DELAY : TIME

Gate &

ExtArm

E : 1000


HP 53132A

Universal Counter

STOP :

Gate &

ExtArmSLOPE :

SLOPE : POS

SLOPE : NEG

Gate &

ExtArm

STOP :AUTO

STOP :EXT

A B C

6c




UPPR: 0.000000

Uppr &

LowerRUNLOWR: 0.000000

UPPR: 5.100000

LOWR: 4.900000

Enter

Enter

ON FAIL:GO ON

LIM TEST:

Limit

Modes

SHOW: NUMBER Limit

Modes

RUNLIM TEST: OFF

LIM TEST: ON

ON FAIL: GO ON

ON FAIL: STOP

SHOW: NUMBER

SHOW: GRAPH

RUN

RUN

LIMITS

Limit

Modes

Limit

Modes

Uppr &

Lower

Uppr &

Lower

Limit

Modes


Uppr &

Lower

RUN

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)

7



OFFS: 0.000000

MATH:

MATH HELP ?

SCAL: 1.000000

Scale &

Offset

SET OFFSET? Scale &

Offset

Scale &

Offset

Scale &

Offset

Scale &

Offset SCAL: 2.000000 Enter

RUN

OFFS: 0.500000 RUN

OFFS: -nnnnnnn Enter

MATH: OFF

MATH: ON

RUN

Enter

(MEAS X SCALE) + OFFS = RESULT

RUN

Enter

MATH

Scale &

Offset

Scale &

Offset


(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)

8



SHOW: STD DEV

SHOW: MEAN

SHOW: MAX

SHOW: MIN

SHOW: N: 100

STATS:

STATS: OFF

STATS: ON

USE:

USE: ALL MEAS

USE: IN LIMIT

Stats Stats

Stats

Enter

Stats

Run

RUNN: 200

RUN

MATH

Stats

SHOW: MEAS

Stats


ON SINGLE:

ON SINGLE: 1

ON SINGLE: N

Stats

Run

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)

9



CHANNEL 1

CHANNEL 2

AUTO TRG:

RUN

SENSTVTY:

RUN

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

Trigger

Sensitivity

AUTO TRG: ON

AUTO TRG: OFF

SENSTVTY: HI

SENSTVTY: LO

SENSTVTY: MED

SLOPE:

RUN

LEVEL: 0.000V

LEVEL: 50 PCT

LEVEL: 75 PCT

Enter

RUN

RUN

LEVEL: 2.000V

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Freq &

Ratio– – – – – – – – – – – –

FREQUENCY 1

RATIO 1 TO 2

PERIOD 1

RISETIME 1

FALLTIME 1

POS WIDTH 1

NEG WIDTH 1

TOTALIZE

PHASE 1 TO 2

DUTY CYCLE 1

Time &

Period

Other

Meas

FREQUENCY 2

FREQUENCY 3

RATIO 1 TO 3


Trigger

Sensitivity

RATIO 2 TO 1

RATIO 3 TO 1

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)10



AUTO TRG:

RUN

SENSTVTY: RUN

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

Trigger

Sensitivity

AUTO TRG: ON

AUTO TRG: OFF

SENSTVTY: HI

SENSTVTY: LO

SENSTVTY: MED

SLOPE: RUN

LEVEL: 0.000V

LEVEL: 50 PCT LEVEL: 75 PCT Enter

RUN

LEVEL: 2.000V

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Trigger

Sensitivity

Time &

Period– – – – – – – – – – – – TI 1 TO 2

COMMON 1: COMMON 1: OFF

COMMON 1: ON

Trigger

Sensitivity

RUN

RUN

CHANNEL 1

CHANNEL 2


Trigger

Sensitivity

(HP 53131A and HP 53132A)11



1

Gett ing Sta rt ed

Chapter 1 Getting Started

The Front Panel at a Glance



1-2 Operating Guide

1

The Front Pa nel at a Glan ce

Note: Unit shown with Option 030.

NOTE It is norma l operat ion for t he fan in t he Coun ter t o cont inue t o ru n a fter

th e Count er is placed in Sta ndby mode. Power to the t imebase is

cont inuous to ma inta in long term m easu remen t reliability, and th e fan

helps ma intain t imebase tempera tur e stability.

RecallUtility Menu:

Hold at power up

Save &

Print

Run

LocalUtility

OtherMeas

LimitModes

Stats

Time &Period

Gate &ExtArm

Uppr &

Lower

Scale &Offset

Stop/

Single

MEASURE LIMITS MATH CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2

CHANNEL 3

TriggerSensitivity

X10Attenuate

100kHzFilter

Damage Lvl:5V rms MAX.50Ω

!

TriggerSensitivity

X10Attenuate

100kHzFilter


!


!

100 MHz −3 GHz

Enter

53131 A 225 MHzUNIVERSAL COUNTER

+/ –

Freq &

Ratio

POWER

SRQ

Remote

50Ω

1MΩ

DC

AC

DC

AC

50Ω

1MΩ

2 3 4 5 6 71

12 139

Period Freq +Wid -Wid Rise Fall Time Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 ExtRef

MHzµs

GateLimit

118 1014

1 Measuremen t function menu k eys

2 Limits menu keys

3 Math menu keys

4 Sign (+ or −) selection toggle key

5 Data Ent ry/Select (or ar row) keys

6 Ent er num eric data (terminat e) key

7 3.0/5.0/12.4 GHz RF input channel

(optional)

8 Utility menu key (Hold duringpower-up to access Ut ility fun ctions.)

9 Recall, Save and P rint menu keys

10 Gate and Externa l Arm menu key

11 Measurem ent cont rol keys

12 Chan nel 1 Trigger/Sensitivity m enu

key and input conditioning keys

13 Chan nel 2 Trigger/Sensitivity m enu

key and input conditioning keys

14 Calibration men u key (Hold Scale &

Offset k ey dur ing power-up t o access

Calibration functions.)


The Front Panel Indicators at a Glance



Operating Guide 1-3

1

The Fr ont Pa nel Indicat ors a t a Glan ce

There a re eight different groups of indicators or LEDs. They are listed a nd

described in t he following ta ble.

Indica tors De scription of the Indicators

When one of these indicat ors is lit, it simu ltan eously

indicates which key’s men u (for example, Time &

Period key) and its men u item (for example, TI 1

to 2) is enabled.

When t hese indicat ors ar e lit, th e key’s “ena ble”

menu item (that is, Limit Modes/ LIM TES T,

Scale & Offset/ MATH , Stats/ STATS , andS ave & P r in t / PRINT) is ena bled.

When th is indicator is lit, it indicates th at you ar e in

the Trigger/Sensitivity m enu for th e corr esponding

channel.

When this indicat or flashes, it indicat es tha t t he

arr ow keys can be used to modify or en ter dat a.

When one of th ese indicat ors is lit, it indicates t hat

th e Run or Single fun ction is enabled.

Other

Meas

Time &

Period

Freq &

Ratio

Limit

Modes

Stats Save &

Print

Local

Scale &

Offset

Trigger

Sensitivity

Enter+/ –

Run Stop/

Single


The Front Panel Indicators at a Glance (Cont.)



1-4 Operating Guide

1

The Fr on t P an el Indica tors a t a Glan ce (Cont .)

Indicators De scription of the In dicators

When this indicat or flashes, it indicates tha t th e

Coun ter is tr iggering on t he input signal. If th e

input signal is t oo high, th is indicat or r emains ON.

If the inpu t signa l is too low, this indicat or is OFF.

When one of th ese indicat ors is lit, it indicates t hat

the adjacent choice (tha t is, 50Ω, DC, X10, or

100kHz Filter) is enabled or active. Note tha t wh en

these indicators ar e not lit, then t he other choice

(th at is, 1MΩ, AC, X1, or no filter ) is active.

A lit Remote indicator indicat es tha t t he Counter is

in rem ote m ode (Note: In t he remote mode, th e Save

& Print key becomes the Local key.)

If (while in remote) an error occurs, the Remote

indicator will flash . The indicator will contin ue

flashing un til th e cont roller ha s read or cleared t he

error queue, or unt il the front pan el retur ns to local

mode.An un lit Remote indicat or indicat es tha t th e

Coun ter is in local mode.

The SRQ indicat or indicates tha t th e Counter h as

requested service from the controller. The SRQ

indicat or will rema in lit un til th e controller h as

recognized th e service requ est a nd ser ial polled the

Coun ter , or t ak en specific action to cancel th e

requ est (for exa mple, *CLS comm an d).

100kHz

Filter

X10

Attenuate

DC

AC

50Ω

1MΩ

Remote

SRQ


The Front Panel Menus at a Glance



Operating Guide 1-5

1

The Front Pa nel Menu s at a Glan ce

1 These menu items appear only if your Counter contains the optional Input Channel.

2 Refer to the Menu Tree in the Quick Reference Guide (which precedes this chapter) and/or the Gate/ExternalArming table in Chapter 2 for details on the Gate & ExtArm menu.

PHASE 1 TO 2

DUTYCYCLE 1

VOLT PEAKS 1

VOLT PEAKS 2

T O T A L I Z E 1

Other

Meas

PERIOD 1

RISETIME 1

FALLTIME 1

POS WIDTH 1

TI 1 TO 2

NEG WIDTH 1

Time &

Period

FREQUENCY 2

RATIO 1 TO 2

FREQUENCY 1

RATIO 1 TO 3 1

FREQUENCY 3 1

2

Freq &

Ratio

RATIO 2 TO 1

RATIO 3 TO 11

Limit

Modes

LOWR: 0.000000

UPPR: 0.000000

Uppr &

Lower

Gate &

ExtArm

Stats

N: 100

OFFS: 0.000000

SET OFFSET ?

SCALE:1.000000

MATH HELP?

Scale &

Offset

MATH: OFF

MATH: ON

GATE: DIGITS

GATE: EXTERNL

GATE: AUTO

GATE: TIME

STATS: OFF

STATS: ON

LIM TEST: OFF

LIM TEST: ON

ON FAIL:GO ON

ON FAIL: STOP

SHOW: NUMBER

SHOW: GRAPH

SHOW: STD DEV

SHOW: MEAN

SHOW: MAX

SHOW: MEAS

SHOW: MIN

USE: ALL MEAS

USE: IN L IMIT

ON SINGLE: 1

ON SINGLE: N


The Front Panel Menus at a Glance (Cont.)



1-6 Operating Guide

1

The Fr on t P anel Menu s at a Glan ce (Cont .)

3 This appears when nothing can be recalled.

4 Only registers which can be recalled will appear in this menu.

5 This menu item only appears if an instrument setup has been saved.

6 COMMON 1 only appears when the Counter is operating in the Time Interval measurement function(TI 1 TO 2).

7 Channel 2 is the same, except “CH 2” instead of “CH 1” is displayed. These menus will terminate aftertwo seconds.

Recall

RECALL 1

RECALL 3

RECALL 0

RECALL 5

RECALL 2

RECALL 4

NO REGISTERS

RECALL 20

Save &

Print

UNSAVE:

SAVE:

PRINT HELP?

PRINT: OFF

PRINT: ON

TriggerSensitivity

DCAC

50Ω1MΩ

X10Attenuate

100kHzFilter

LEVEL: 50 PCT

AUTO TRG: ON AUTO TRG: OFF

LEVEL: 0.000V

COMMON 1: OFF

COMMON 1: ON

SENSTVTY: HI

SENSTVTY: LO

SENSTVTY: MED

SLOPE: POS

SLOPE: NEG

3

7

6

5

CH 1: NO FILT

CH 1: LP FILT

CH 1: X1 ATT

CH 1: X10 ATT

CH 1: AC

CH 1: DC

CH 1: 1M OHM

CH 1: 50 OHM

4

7 7 7





Operating Guide 1-7

1

The Fr ont Pa nel Menu s at a Glance (Cont .)

NOTE Tur n p ower off, press an d h old Recall (Utility) key, then press POWER

key to access th is menu .

8 These menu items appear only if TEST LOOP is OFF.

HP-IB: 3

REV:

Recall

Utility

On / Stby

POWER

TIMEBAS: AUTO

TIMEBAS: I NT

TIMEBAS: EXT

CAL: HELP?

TEST LOOP: ON

TEST LOOP: OFF

TST PRINT: ON

TST PRINT:OFF

BAUD: 19200

BAUD: 1200

BAUD: 9600

BAUD: 300

BAUD: 2400

PARITY: OFF

PARITY: EVEN

PARITY: ODD

SW PACE: NONE

SW PACE: XON

DTR: HIGH

DTR: LIMIT

DTR: HW PACE

SHOW 9 AS: 9,0

SHOW 9 AS: 9.0

TEST: DISP?

TEST: ALL?

TEST: ROM?

TEST: CPU?

TEST: HP-IB?

TEST: EEPROM?

TEST: FPGA?

TEST: QSPI?

TEST: FR END?

TEST: INTERP?

TEST: MEAS?

TEST: PRINT?

TEST: KEYPAD?

TEST: RAM?

8

8





1-8 Operating Guide

1

The Fr on t P anel Menu s at a Glan ce (Cont .)

NOTE Tur n power off, press a nd h old Sca le & Offset key, th en press POWER

key to access th is menu . (This men u does not exist in ea rly versions of the

Count er. In the ear ly versions of th e Coun ter, th e CAL: men u item r esides

in th e Utility menu , and t here is n o calibrat ion security capability.)

9 This menu item appears and calibration is permitted only if calibration is unsecure. Enter in the correct codeto change calibration to secure; refer to the section titled “Using the Calibration Menu” in Chapter 2 in this guidefor more information.

10 Timebase can be automatically calibrated only if the timebase option is installed.

Scale &Offset

On / Stby

POWER

CAL SECURE CAL UNSECURE

9

CAL: OFFS2?

CAL: OFFS1?

CAL: GAIN2?

CAL: GAIN1?

CAL: TIMEBAS?

CAL: TI FINE?

CAL: TI QUIK?

CODE: 0

CAL COUNT?

HELP: CAL?

HELP: SECURE?

HELP: CODE?

10


The Display Annunciators at a Glance



Operating Guide 1-9

1

The Display Ann un ciators at a Glan ce

Annunciator Indication

Period Counter is set to measure Period.

Freq Counter is set to measure Frequency.

+Wid Counter is set to measure Positive Pulse Width.

−Wid Counter is set to measure Negative Pulse Width.

Rise Counter is set to measure Rise Time. (The Time annunciator is also

turned on when the Rise annunciator is on.)Fall Counter is set to measure Fall Time. (The Time annunciator is also

turned on when Fall annunciator is on.)

Time Counter is set to measure Time Interval. (The Time annunciator is

also turned on when the Rise or Fall annunciator are on.)

Ch 1 Counter’s channel 1 is selected to measure an input signal.

Ch 2 Counter’s channel 2 is selected to measure an input signal.

Ch 3 Counter’s channel 3 is selected to measure an input signal.Limit Counter is limit testing and the current measurement exceeds the

user-entered limits.

ExtRef Counter is set to use the signal connected at rear panel Ref In

connector as the timebase (TIMEBAS: EXT); or Counter is set to

automatically (TIMEBAS: AUTO) select the timebase and has chosen

the signal connected at the rear panel Ref In connector.

Hz The displayed data is in units of Hertz.

M The prefix for the units of the displayed data is mega (106).

µ The prefix for the units of the displayed data is micro (10−6).

s The displayed data is in units of seconds.

Gate The gate is open. Before a measurement starts, this annunciator is

OFF, indicating the gate is closed. During a measurement, the

annunciator is ON, indicating the gate is open.

Period Freq +Wid -Wid Rise Fall Time Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 Limit ExtRef

MHzµs

Gate


The Display Special Character at a Glance



1-10 Operating Guide

1

The Display Special Cha r acter a t a Glan ce

The Limit Test Graph Char acters a t a Glan ce

Spe cial Characte r De scription

A placeholder th at indicat es th is digit is not

significant.

Period Freq +Wid -Wid Rise Fall Time Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 LimitExtRef

MHzµs

Gate

Spe cial Characte r De scription

The colons r epresent th e lower an d upper limits.

The asterisk represents the last measur ement.

These marks indicate th at the last measur ement was

significan tly past the limit in t he direction in dicat ed.

Freq Ch 1

or


The Rear Panel at a Glance



Operating Guide 1-11

1

The Rear P an el at a Glance

NOTE It is norma l operat ion for t he fan in t he Coun ter to cont inue t o run a fter

th e Count er is placed in Sta ndby mode. Power to the t imebase is

cont inuous to ma inta in long term m easur ement reliability, an d the fan

helps ma intain t imebase tempera tur e stability.

3

4

WARNING: NO OPERATOR SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE, REFER SERVICING TO SERVICE TRAINED PERSONNEL.

WARNING: FOR CONTINUED FIRE PROTECTION, USE SPECIFIED ~ LINE FUSE.

1

ExtArm

RefIn

INPUTS

!

AC LINE:

10 MHz Out

6 0 V A

1 0 0 - 1 2 0 V A C

2 0 0 - 2 4 0 V A C

5 0 / 6 0 / 4 0 0 H z

5 0 / 6 0 H z

OPTIONS001 MS Oven 010 HS Oven

S E R I A L P L A T E

To Configure:

Hold Recall during turn-on.

Osc Adjust

RS - 232

ISM 1-A 92

FOR LABORATORY USE BYQUALIFIED PERSONNELFOUR USAGE EN LABORATOIREPAR PERSONNEL QUALIFIE

5 6 7 8 9

1 2

HP-IB

Talk Only

2

3

1 Rear-panel inpu t conn ectors(optional)

2 Power module (Senses inco ming

voltage and automatica l ly

selects proper setup .)

3 Fan

4 Extern al Arm input conn ector

5 Extern al Reference Inpu t connector

6 10 MHz Outpu t connector

7 HP-IB (IEEE-488.1)

int erface connector

8 Oscillator Adjust potentiometer

(This potentiometer is not pr esent

for opt ions 001, 010, an d 012.)

9 RS-232 int erface or Limit

Outpu t conn ector


Making Measurements




1

Making Measu rement s

One of th e first th ings you will wan t t o do with your HP 53131A/132A

Universal Count er is t o become a cqua inted with its front pa nel. Therefore,

we ha ve written th e procedures in t his section t o fam iliar ize you with

some of its cont rols. The following pr ocedures ar e pr ovided:

• F irs t you are shown how to turn on the Counter and measure the

frequency of a signal applied to th e Coun ter’s inpu t cha nn els.

• Second, you a re shown how to use the input coupling, impedance, and

tr igger/sensitivity keys t o set t he inpu t conditions of the a ppropriate

input chan nel to ma tch the signal being measur ed.

• Third, you are shown how to scale and offset the measurement result .

• Fourth, you are shown how to set upper and lower l imits for

measurements.

• Fifth, you are shown how to enable the Counter to compute s tat ist ics

(such as sta nda rd deviation) and display stat istics of measu remen ts.

• Last , you are shown how to use the Run and Stop/Single keys to

control measurements.

The order of th e procedur es in t his chapter is the recomm ended order for

making measurement s with this Count er.

Stu dy and r efer t o the following legend, as needed, to un derst an d th e

mean ing of th e icons which ar e used th roughout th is cha pter.


Making Measurements




1

Legend

To Measu re Frequency

1 Pr ess key one time

and r elease

2 Pr ess key two times

and r elease

3 Repeated key presses

4 Press an d hold

5 Result

6 Auto opera tion

7 Conn ect signal

8 Disconn ect signa l

9 In dicator off

10 Indicator on

11 Indicator flash ing

6

1 2

3 4

5 7 8

9 1110

On / Stby

POWER

PeriodFreq+Wid -Wid Rise Fall Time Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3LimitExtRef

MHzµs

Gate

Freq Ch 1

Freq Ch 1


Making Measurements




1

NOTE Ea rlier versions of th e Coun ter do not moment ar ily display the HP -IB

address at t urn -on.

Conn ect (for demonst ra tion pur poses) th e Count er’s rear -pan el 10 MH z

Ou t signa l to CHANNEL 1 input a s shown in th e illustra ted procedure,

below.

The Count er will aut oma tically display t he m easur ed frequency of the

input signal.

Disconn ect th e demonstra tion signa l from CHANNEL 1, and conn ect it to

CHANNE L 2 as shown in t he following steps.

Freq Ch 1

MHz

Gate


!

CHANNEL 1

OtherMeas

Time &Period

Gate &ExtArm

MEASURE

Freq &

Ratio

Freq &

Ratio

Freq &Ratio

Freq Ch 1

Freq Ch 1

Freq Ch 2

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate


!

CHANNEL 2


!

CHANNEL 1


Making Measurements




1

Again, th e Coun ter will aut oma tically display t he m easur ed frequency of

the input signal.

If you need or wa nt t o cha nge CH ANNEL 2’s couplin g, impeda nce, and

tr iggering conditions t o match t he inpu t signal you a re t rying to measur e,

the next procedures “To Select Input Coupling and Impedance” and

“To Set Inpu t Cha nnel Trigger Level/Sensitivity” demonstra te t his.

Perform th ese procedures wh ether or n ot you want to cust omize the

Coun ter ’s inpu t condit ions t o measu re your signa l; doing this will help you

become familiar with th e DC/AC, 50Ω /1MΩ, and Trigger/Sensit ivity keys.

To Select Input Coupling and Imped ance

Remember, th e input signa l is still connected t o CHANNE L 2.

Selec t ing Input Coupl ing

Cha nn el 2’s inpu t coupling is now set t o dc.

If you wa nt to cha nge t he coupling ba ck to the defau lt a c coupling, perform

th e following st ep.

CHANNEL 2

Trigger

Sensitivity

DCAC

50Ω1MΩ

X10Attenuate

100kHzFilter

Damage Lvl:5V rms MAX. 50Ω

!

DC

AC

DC

AC


Making Measurements




1

Selec t ing Inpu t Imp eda nce

Chan nel 2’s inpu t impedance is now set t o 50Ω.

NOTE The “ar row” keys can also be used to toggle th e sta te of toggle keys(DC/AC, 50Ω /1MΩ, etc.) as indicat ed by the flashing indicat or with in th e

ar row keys. However, for simplicity in t his pr ocedur e, use th e

corr esponding toggle key to cha nge sta tes.

If you wa nt to cha nge the inpu t impeda nce back t o th e defau lt

1 MΩ impeda nce, perform th e following st ep.

50Ω

1MΩ

50Ω

1MΩ

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate


Making Measurements

T S t I t Ch l T i L l/S it i i t




1

To Set Inpu t Channe l Trigger Level /Sen sit ivity

Cha nging Tr igger Mode

Pr ess an y one of th ese arr ow keys to toggle to the next st at e of

Auto Trigger.

Mod ifying Inp ut T rigger Level

The leftm ost “0” digit in th e LEVEL display is highlighted, indicat ing th at

if you pr ess th e key once the displayed valu e will increa se t o 1.000 volt

as sh own in th e following step.

NOTE BE SURE to a lways press the Enter key to complete num eric data

entries .

Cha nn el 2’s t rigger level is now set t o +1V.

Trigger

Sensitivity

Enter+/ –

Trigger

Sensitivity

Enter


Making Measurements

To set t he t rigger level to 0 05V perform th e following st eps




1

To set t he t rigger level to −0.05V, perform th e following st eps.

NOTE BE SURE to a lways press the Enter key to complete nume ric data

entries .

Cha nn el 2’s t rigger level is now set to −0.05V.

Selec t ing Input Tr igger Slope

+ / –

Enter

Display 1, 7/13/92

Trigger

Sensitivity

Display 1, 7/13/92


Making Measurements

Selec t ing Input Sens i t i v i t y




1

Selec t ing Input Sens i t i v i t y

Sta r t ing the Measurement

Th e Run key initiat es repetitive meas urem ents , an d is described in th e

section t itled “To Cont rol Measu rem ent ” at th e end of th is cha pter.

To Select Scale and Offset

Th e Sca le & Offset key allows for m ult iplicat ion a nd a ddition,

respectively, of the measurement by user-specified constants.

Modificat ion of th e displayed measu remen t by these Mat h operat ions is

represented by the following equation:

(Measurement × Scale) + Offset = Displayed Res ult s

The Scale an d Offset Math opera tions can be used, for example, to

subtr act systema tic errors or display t he percenta ge difference between

signals.

Trigger

Sensitivity

Display 1, 7/13/92

Display 1, 7/13/92

Display 1, 7/13/92

Run

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate


Making Measurements

Enter ing the S cale Valu eMATH




1

Enter ing the S cale Valu e

To demonstra te t he Scale Math operat ion, set Scale to 10 as shown in th e

following steps.

Press an d hold the key unt il the value of Scale is 10 as sh own in t he

following s tep.

NOTE BE SURE to press the Enter key to e nter the value of 10.

The Scale is now set t o 10, and MATH has been ena bled.

The Scale & Offset indicat or is now lit to show tha t MATH is enabled.

Since MATH is ena bled, the resu lts ar e being scaled an d offset.

Scale &

OffsetStats

Scale &

Offset

MATH

Enter


Making Measurements

Enterin g th e Offset Valu e




1

Enterin g th e Offset Valu e

To demonstr at e the Offset Mat h opera tion, set th e Offset t o 1 MHz asshown in t he following step s.

At t his point , pressing the key will cau se th e Coun ter to display t he fulldisplay of th e Offset value a s sh own in th e following st ep.

Press the key six more times t o cau se th e Coun ter to display your entr y

in Mega un its a s sh own in th e following step.

The left most “0” digit in th e OFFSet display is highlight ed, indicat ing th at

if you p ress key once the displayed value will increase t o 1 Mega

(th at is, 1E6) as shown in th e following step.

NOTE BE SURE to press the Enter key to e nter the 1 Mega value.

The Offset is now set t o 1 Mega.

Scale &

Offset

M

Enter

M

M


Making Measurements

Disp la y ing the Math Resul t s




1

p y g

The Coun ter displays the m odified measur ement result s, which a re based

on t he scale and offset values t ha t you selected in t he pr evious s teps.

That is, th e 101 represen ts t he original 10, scale mu ltiplied by 10, th en

offset by 1.

(For more deta ils a nd r eal applicat ions of the Mat h Scale an d Offset

opera tions, refer t o the appr opriat e section in Chapt er 2, “Operating Your

Universal Count er .”)

Disabl ing Math

Note that the Sca le & Offset key in dicat or is now off.

NOTE DO NOT cycle POWER becau se you will need t o use t hese Scale an dOffset valu es in t he following pr ocedure “To Set Limits of Measu rem ent s.”

Cont inu e to th e following procedure.

Run

Freq Ch 2

M

Display 1, 7/13/92

Scale &

Offset

Display 1, 7/13/92

Run

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate


Making Measurements

To Set Limits of Measu remen ts




1

To demonstr at e how Mat h a nd Limits work together, use t he Scale (10)an d Offset (1 Mega) values selected in th e previous pr ocedure “To Select

Scale an d Offset.” En able Mat h by per form ing th e following st eps.

The result of th is Math operat ion is a m easur ement of 101 MHz.

(Measurement × Scale) + Offset = Resu lt

(10 MHz × 10) + 1Mega = 101 Mega

Now, set t he u pper limit t o 102 Mega an d th e lower limit t o 100 Mega by

perform ing t he following pr ocedur es. (Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2 illustrate

th e limits set tings.)

Display 1, 7/13/92

Scale &

Offset

Display 1, 7/13/92

Run

Freq Ch 2

M


Making Measurements

Se t t ing the Upper L imi t




1



The leftm ost “0” digit in th e UPP R display is highlight ed as sh own above,

indicat ing tha t ea ch pr ess of th e key will increase t he displayed valu e.

LimitModes

Uppr &

Lower

LIMITSUppr &

Lower

M

M


Making Measurements




1


Figure 1-1. 102 Mega Upper Limit Setting

M

M

Enter

M

M

1 102 Mega U pper Limit

2 101 Mega Scale/Offset Measurement

1

2


Making Measurements

Set t ing the Lower Limi t




1

Pr ess th e ar row keys as sh own in t he following steps t o set the lower limit

value.




Uppr &

Lower

M

M

M

EnterM


Making Measurements

Limits should now be set as shown in Figure 1-2.




1

Figure 1-2. 100 Mega Lower and 102 Mega Upper Limits Settings

Figure 1-3 represents what t ran spired during this Math and Limits

procedure.

Figure 1-3. Math and Limits Results

1 102 Mega U pper Limit

2 101 Mega Scale/Offset Measurement

3 100 Mega Lower Limit

1 Raw Measurements

2 Math

3 Limits

4 Measurem ents (Scale/Offset Results)

within Limits

1

2

3

12 3 4


Making Measurements

Set t ing the Counter to Flag a nd Stop Measur ing On




1

Out-of-Lim it Measur ement sIf you wan t t he Coun ter t o stop meas ur ing when th e signa l exceeds the

limits (102 to 100 Mega) that you en tered in th e previous procedure,

perform t he following st eps t o select th e STOP choice in th e ON FAIL

display. (Note tha t ON FAIL: GO ON is th e defau lt st at e after power-up.)

The curr ent m odified measur ement of th e input signal applied to

CHANNE L 2 is displayed.

Since the Count er is now in th e stop-on-fail mode, the Limit annunciator

in the display will light a nd t he Count er will stop making mea sur ement s

when a m easur ement exceeds the limits you set.

Limit

Modes

Run

Freq Ch 2

M

Gate


Making Measurements

Set t ing th e Count er to Flag On Limi t s But Cont inu e




1

MeasuringPer form th e following st eps to select t he GO ON choice in t he ON F AIL

display if you wan t t he Counter to cont inue m easur ing even th ough a n

measu rem ent r esult exceeds the limits pr eviously ent ered.

The cur rent modified measur ement of th e input signal ap plied to

CHANNEL 2 is displayed.

Since th e Coun ter is now in th e go-on-fail mode, th e Limit ann unciator in

th e display will light each t ime a mea sur ement exceeds the limits you set.

However, the Coun ter will cont inue t o ma ke measu remen ts.

Limit

Modes

Run

Freq Ch 2

M

Gate


Making Measurements

Disabl ing Lim i t Tes t ing




1

The Count er is now making measur ements without limit testing.

Disabl ing Math

The Coun ter is n ow ma king measu rem ents wit hout t he scale/offset values

calculated into th e measu rements.

Limit

Modes

Display 1, 7/13/92

Scale &

Offset

Display 1, 7/13/92

Run

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate


Making Measurements

To Perform Stat ist ics on Measu remen ts

S l t i th T f St t i t i (S t t )




1

Selec t ing th e Type of Sta t i s t i cs (Sta t s )

Suppose you wan t t he Count er to compu te a nd display the s tandard

deviat ion of the current input dat a (which is t he 10 MHz signal a pplied

to CHANNEL 2). Also, you want the Count er to make 20 measur ements

before it compu tes th e st an dar d deviation. Perform th e following steps.

Updat ing the SHOW configurat ion caused Sta ts t o be enabled. The Sta tsindicator is now lit.

NOTE BE SURE to press the Enter key to e nter the value of 20 .

Stats

Scale &

Offset

MATHStats

Stats

Enter


Making Measurements

The Count er is now set to ma ke sta tist ics based on 20 measur ement s.




1

In t his case, th e displayed sta nda rd deviation value is compu ted on all

measu remen ts of th e 10 MHz signal since no limits were set.

Comp ut ing S ta t s on Fi l t ered Da ta Only

A special featu re of th e Coun ter allows you to use t he u pper a nd lower

limits to filter da ta before st at istical pr ocessing or compu ta tion as shown

in Figure 1-4.

Figure 1-4. Filtering Data Before Statistical Computation

1 Raw Measurements

2 Limits

3 Filtered data (USE: IN LIMIT)

4 Statistics

Run

Freq Ch 2

Hz

Freq Ch 2

Hz

Gate

Freq Ch 2

Gate

1 2 3 4


Making Measurements

Per form th e following steps to select t he IN LI MIT choice in t he US E

display if you wa nt th e Coun ter to compu te st at istics on only frequ ency

measur ements within t he limits you set




1

measur ements within t he limits you set.

Since the Limits were set t o 101 Mega and 102 Mega values t ha t a re

based on a scale of 10 an d offset of 1 Mega, you m us t r e-ena ble Mat h n ow

to get t he mea sur ement s to be with in th e limits. Per form th e following

steps.

Display 1, 7/13/92

Display 1, 7/13/92

Stats

Display 1, 7/13/92

Scale &

Offset

Display 1, 7/13/92




Making Measurements

D i sab l ing S ta t s and Math




1

The Coun ter is now making and displaying norma l mea sur ement s

(th at is, the Count er is not sh owing stat istics or scale/offset r esults).

Stats

Display 1, 7/13/92

Scale &

Offset

Display 1, 7/13/92

Run

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate


Making Measurements

To Control Measu remen t

Use th ese two keys to cont rol the meas ur ement of the Coun ter.R Si l




1

yTh e Run key provides repetitive measu rem ents, whereas t he

Stop/Single key allows you t o ma ke one mea sur ement .

With th e 10 MHz signal st ill connected t o CHANNE L 2, perform th e

following steps so you can better un dersta nd t he Run an d Stop/Single

operations.

The Coun ter is n ow ma king repetitive measur ement s (cont inuously

making “live” measurements).

The Coun ter stopped ma king measur ements . The Gate an nun ciator is not

lit. Hence, pressing the Stop/Single key while the Counter is ma king

measu remen ts (in Run ) cau ses the Count er to stop after th e measur ement

in pr ogress is complet ed. If you pr ess t he Stop/Single key again while th e

Coun ter is stopped, the Count er will make a single measurem ent a nd th enstop—the Gate an nun ciator will light one time, momenta rily.

If you p ress t he Stop/Single key while the Counter is stopped an d when

the Stat s menu item ON SINGLE is set to N, the Counter will make

N measurement s and then stop. This enables a set of stat istics to be

computed.

While the Count er is still stopped, perform th e following step.

The Count er is m aking repetitive measur ements a gain.

Run Single/Stop

Run

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate

Stop/

SingleFreq Ch 2

MHz

Run

Freq

MHz

Ch 2

Gate

2



Opera t ing Your Un iversa l Counter

Oper at or ’s Referen ce

Chapter 2 Operating Your Universal Counter

Introduction

Introduction



2-2 Operating Guide

2

IntroductionThis is t he operat or’s reference cha pter which cont ains inform at ion an d

procedures for th e front -pan el keys, operat ing functions, a nd menu s of th e

HP 53131A/132A 225 MHz Univer sal Count er.

Chapte r Sum mary

• How th is Counter Works for You page 2-4

• Using the Measurement Contr ol Keys (Run and

Stop/Single)

page 2-5

• Using Ent ry/Select (Arrow) Keys page 2-8

• Using the MEASURE Menu Keys page 2-10

• Using the Ga te & Externa l Arm Menu Key page 2-16

• Using the MATH Menu Keys page 2-27

• Using the LIMITS Menu Keys page 2-37

• Using CHANNE L 1 an d CHANNEL 2 Input

Conditioning Keys

page 2-44

• Using t he Save and Recall Menus page 2-52

• Using the Pr in t Menu page 2-56

• Using the Ut ility Menu page 2-57

• Using t he Ca libra t ion Menu page 2-67

• Front Panel Display Messages page 2-73

• Preset Values After Power-Up and *RST page 2-78

• Summary of the Measurement Sequence page 2-93• Common Quest ions page 2-94


Introduction

Whe re to Fin d Som e Key Working Exam ples

• Example Procedure for Ga te and External Arm page 2-24



Operating Guide 2-3

2

p p g

• Exam ple Procedure for Cha nging the Nu mber of

Digits of Resolution Displayed for More

Precise Measurements

page 2-25

• Example Procedure for Scale Funct ion page 2-28

• Example Procedure for Offset Funct ion page 2-29

• Exam ple Procedure for Tur ning Off Mat h Mode page 2-30

• Exam ple Procedure for Set ting t he Offset F rom

the Last Measurement Value

page 2-31

• Example Procedure for Com put ing Sta ts page 2-33

• Example Procedure for Easy Viewing of Sta t s page 2-34

• Limits Testing Example 1—Flag an d Stop Measu ringOn Limit s

page 2-38

• Limits Testing Exam ple 2—Flag On Limits but

Continue Measuring

page 2-40

• Limits Testing E xample 3—Use Ana log Graph

Display While Adjusting Input Signa l

page 2-40

• Limits Testing E xample 4—Selecting F ilter ing

Conditions of Sta ts Compu ta tion

page 2-42

• Limits Testing Exam ple 5—Sending t he Limit-Detect

Out put to the RS-232 Serial Port

page 2-43


How this Counter Works for You

How th is Counter Works for You



2-4 Operating Guide

2

The following text lists some of th e key th ings t he Count er d oes for you.

• The Counter presets the menus to defaul t sta tes and values a t

power-up (refer t o Table 2-7A for a d eta iled list of th e preset va lues).

Cycling th e POWER key presets th e Coun ter.

• The Counter’s Utili ty menu a llows you to select such things as

tim ebase sour ce, HP -IB configur at ion, an d RS-232 serial port

configuration. After your selections, the Counter automatically stores

all th ese selections in non-volatile memory (except the t imebase

source ); th us, th ese sett ings (except t imeba se sour ce) will n ot change

when power ha s been off or a fter a remote int erface reset.

• The Counter aut omatically displays measurement(s) in a couple of

seconds a fter you select a mea sur emen t fun ction (e.g., Per iod).

• The Counter accepts your numeric entry for a menu i tem after you

press the Enter key. You MU S T press the En ter key to com plete

nu m eric entry.

• The Counter automatically enables Limits when you enter a numeric

value for u pper an d/or lower limits, or u pdat e any men u item in th e

Limit Modes menu .

• The Counter automatically enables Math after you enter a numericvalue for scale an d offset.

• The Counter performs Statis t ical analyses for you, and will enable

Stat s when you updat e any item in the Stats m enu.

• The Counter automatically disables Limits , Math, and Stats when you

select another mea sur ement function.

• The Coun ter s aves measurement s etup(s ).

• The Counter ins tant ly recal ls the measurement se tup you want to use .

• The Counter pr in ts out your measurement and analys is data .


Using the Measurement Control Keys (Run and Stop/Single)

Using the Measu rement Cont rol Keys(Run an d Stop/Single)



Operating Guide 2-5

2

(Run an d Stop/Single)

Overview of the Measurem ent Control Keys

Two mea sur ement cont rol keys a re pr ovided on t he H P 53131A/132A

Counter: Run and Stop/Single . In genera l, th e Run key pr ovides

repetitive measurement s while the Stop/Single key allows you to mak e

single-shot measurements.

Th e Run key a llows you t o:

• put the Counter in to a cont inuous measurement loop.

• exit any measurement after your selection of another measurement

function.

• abor t the cur rent measurement by s tar t ing a new measurement

(if alrea dy in Run m ode or in Single mode with a mea sur ement in

progress). This a lso clear s an y sta tist ics being processed.

Th e Stop/Single key a llows you t o:

• put the Counter into Single mode (if the Counter was in Run mode)

where one measur ement is tak en with each Stop/ Single keypress.

(Stat s menu item ON SINGLE should be set t o 1.)

• put the Counter into Single mode (if the Counter was in Run mode)

where N measur ements ar e taken with each Stop/ Single keypress.

(Stat s menu item ON SINGLE should be set t o N .)

• s top (abort) the current measurement (if the Counter was in Single

mode).

Run Stop/

Single



To Use the Measu remen t Control Keys

The following procedure demonstrates how these keys function.



2-6 Operating Guide

2

1 Connect power s our ce to Count er, an d tu rn on Counter .

All segment s of th e front -panel display will light up wh ile th e Coun ter

perform s its power-on s elf-test , and th en da shes a re displayed.

The Coun ter is n ow ready to measu re frequency of a signal a pplied to

CHANNEL 1 input. Note tha t t he Freq and Ch 1 ann unciators light.

2 Connect an input signal to CHANNEL 1.

The Coun ter a ut oma tically displays the m easu red frequency of th e input

signal. Note th at the Ru n key indicat or is ON.

3 Press Stop/Single key.

The Count er is put into Single mode and t he curr ent m easurement iscompleted. One measu rem ent is t aken with each pr ess of Stop/ Single key.

Note that the Stop/Single key indicat or is ON.

4 Press Run key.

The Count er aborts any measur ement in progress, and star ts m aking

repetitive mea sur ement s. Tha t is, the Coun ter is in a cont inuous

measurement loop.


The Coun ter is put into Single mode.

6 Press Stats key un til ON SINGLE menu item a ppears, then press any one

of th e ar row keys to set ON SINGLE menu i tem to N .

The Count er is set to take N measur ements on each Stop/ Single keypress.

The stat e of ON SINGLE menu item affects t he St op/ Single key opera tion

while sta tistics are enabled.

Observe th at t he Sta ts indicat or is ON. This indicat es sta tistical

processing is ena bled.




One set of N frequen cy measur ement s is taken with each press of th eStop/ Single key. One set of sta tistics is compu ted with each press of the



Operating Guide 2-7

2

p g y p p

Stop/ Single key.

8 Press Stats key until SHOW menu item appears.

9 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys to select a sta tistical result t o display, and

press Enter key.

The Coun ter is now displaying one of th e sta tist ical r esults.


One set of N frequen cy measur ement s is taken with each press of th e

Stop/ Single key. At t he completion of th e Nth measu remen t, th e Count er

displays t he st at istical resu lt selected in st ep 9.

11 Press Stats key un til ON SINGLE menu item a ppears, then press any one

of th e ar row keys to set ON SINGLE menu item to 1.

The Coun ter is set to take one mea sur ement on each Stop/ Single

keypress.

Disabling the st at istics (with t he STATS: OFF menu item) is another way

to cau se th e Stop/ Single key to initiate one measurement at time.


Using Entry/Select (Arrow) Keys

Using En t ry/Select (Arrow) KeysTh i t / l t k f hi h f “ ” k



2-8 Operating Guide

2

Ther e ar e six entr y/select k eys of which four ar e “ar row” keys.

The fun ction of th e four a rrow keys and th e Ent er key depends on th e

Count er’s opera ting m ode (th at is, numer ic entr y, sta te chan ging,

sequen cing t hr ough choices in a men u, et c.). This section describes how

th e keys perform in t he different operat ing modes.

To Use During Nu meric Entry

• Use the key to move left t o select adjust able digits (it does not wr ap

around).

• Use the key to move right to select a djust able digits (it does not wra p

around).

• Use the key to increm ent th e selected (highlighted ) digit of th e

displayed value.• Use the key to decrem ent th e selected (highlight ed) digit of th e

displayed value.

• Use the +/ − key to cha nge th e sign of the n umer ic value.

• Use the Enter key to complete a nu meric entr y. (If a nu meric entr y is

chan ged and th e Enter key is NOT pressed, th en t he value is not

changed.)

To Use When Sequencing Through the Measuremen t

Fun ction Menu s (Freq & Ratio, Time & Perio d, Other

Meas) and th e Reca l l Menu

• Use the or key t o go back t o the p revious choice in a fun ction or

recall men u. Repeat edly pressing t his k ey will cycle th rough (an d loop

ar ound) t he list of choices.

• Use the or key t o go forwar d or t o the next choice in a fun ction or

recall menu. Repeatedly pressing this key will cycle th rough (and loop

ar ound) t he list of choices.

• Use the Enter key to select t he function or execut e th e recall, or wait

for t he m enu to time out for a ut omat ic selection/execution.

Enter+/ –


Using Entry/Select (Arrow) Keys

To Use D urin g Sta te Cha ng ing (ON/OFF, LO/MED/HI,

etc.)

• Press any of the a rr ow keys to toggle or chan ge to the n ext sta te of the

f d i h f ll i



Operating Guide 2-9

2

par am eters foun d in th e following menus:

– Gate & ExtArm

– Limit Modes

– Sca le & Offset

– Sta ts– Tr igger /S en sit ivit y

– 50Ω /1MΩ

– DC/AC

– X10 At tenuat e

– 100kH z Filt er

– Save & Pr in t– Utility Men u

• The Enter and +/ − keys are ignored during the sta te changing

operat ing mode.

To Use on Promp ted Even t Messa ges (SET OFFSET ?,

CAL: OFFS n ?, TES T: ALL?, e tc .)

• For SET OFFSET ? , and all the TEST: ? prompted event messages,

press Enter key to start the event.

• For CAL: OFFS n ? and GAIN n ? , press Enter key to display

instr uctions. Press Enter key again to start the event.

To Use on Promp ted He lp Messa ges (MATH HELP ?,

P RINT HELP ?)

• When MATH HELP ? is displayed, press Enter key to display t he

“(MEAS x SCALE) + OFFS = RESULT ” mess age.

• When PRINT HELP ? is displayed, press Enter key to display t he

“CONFIGURE PORT ON UTILITY MENU; REMEMBER TO SAVE

SETUP FIRST ” instruction.


Using the MEASURE Menu Keys

Using th e MEASURE Menu KeysOverview of the MEASURE Menus




2

Overview of the MEASURE Menus

The measu remen t function men us a re divided into three categories:

• Frequency measurements on channel 1, 2, or 3 (optional) and rat io of

frequencies between cha nn els.

• Time interval, period, and pulse characterization measurements .(The HP 53131A/132A provides one k ey-press opera tion for su ch pulse

measu remen ts a s risetime, falltime, pulse width, etc., which h ave

tr aditionally required mult iple key presses or operat ions.)

• Other measurements (dutycycle, phase, peak voltage, and totalize).

To sequence through t he m enus of th e MEASUREm ent fun ction k eys

(Freq & Ratio , Time & Pe riod , and Other Meas keys), you simply n eed

to repeatedly press th e appr opriat e MEASURE key to cycle thr ough (and

loop ar oun d) the menu s un der t he key. Each pr ess of a MEASURE key

will advance th e Count er to the next measu remen t function in th e menu.

NOTE The menu s und er th e MEASURE keys will ter mina te (select function a ndretu rn t o measu remen t r esult display) after t wo seconds.

Table 2-1. Menus of the MEASUREment Keys

F re q & R at io Ke y Ti me & P e r io d Ke y Ot he r Me a s Ke y

FREQUE NCY 1

REQUENCY 2

REQUE NCY 3 (optional)

ATIO 1 TO 2

ATIO 1 TO 3 (optional)

ATIO 2 TO 1

RATIO 3 TO 1 (optional)

TI 1 TO 2

PERIOD 1

RISETIME 1

FALLTIME 1

POS WIDTH 1

NEG WIDTH 1

TOTALIZE 1

PH ASE 1 TO 2

DUTYCYCLE 1

VOLT PEAKS 1

VOLT PEAKS 2

Other

Meas

Time &

Period

Gate &

ExtArm

MEASURE

Freq &

Ratio



To Measure Frequency

1 Connect power source to Coun ter, a nd t ur n on Count er.

All segment s of th e front -panel display will light up wh ile the Count er




2

g pa p ay w g p w

perform s its power-on self-test , and th en da shes a re displayed.

The Coun ter is now ready to meas ur e frequency of a signal applied to

CHANNEL 1 input. Note th at the Freq and Ch 1 ann unciat ors light.

2 Connect a n inpu t signal t o CHANNEL 1.

The Coun ter should au tomat ically display th e meas ur ed frequency of the

input signal. The tr igger levels are set t o the 50% points of the signa l.

However, you m ay disa ble aut o triggering, and cha nge th e t rigger levels

and slopes.

To set u p CHANN EL 1’s couplin g, impeda nce, and t riggering condit ions t o

ma tch th e input signal you ar e trying to measu re, refer to the procedur es

“To Select In put Coupling an d Impeda nce” an d “To Set Input Cha nnelTrigger Level/Sensit ivity” in Cha pter 1, “Getting Star ted,” or t he section

titled “Using CHANNE L 1 an d CHANNE L 2 Inpu t Conditioning Keys” in

this chapt er.

3 Press the Freq/Ratio key unt il FREQUENCY 2 is displayed to measu re

th e frequency of an inpu t signal a pplied to CHANNEL 2.

FREQUENCY 2 is momenta rily displayed, th e Freq and Ch 2 an nu nciat ors light, and t he Coun ter is r eady to measur e frequency of a

signa l applied to CHANNEL 2 inpu t. The t rigger levels are set to the

50% points of the signal. However, you m ay disable au to triggering, an d

cha nge t he t rigger levels a nd slopes.

4 To mea sur e th e frequ ency of a signa l applied to opt iona l CHANNE L 3

input, repeat step 3 until FREQUENCY 3 is displayed.

FREQUENCY 3 will be moment ar ily displayed an d th e Freq and Ch 3

an nu nciat ors will light . The Coun ter will be ready to measu re t he

frequency of a signa l applied to CHANNE L 3 inpu t.

Note t hat the F requency 3 menu item is not available in Count ers tha t do

not cont ain optiona l Chan nel 3.



To Measu re Frequen cy Ratio

1 Press Fre q & Ratio key until RATIO 1 TO 2 is displayed.

RATIO 1 TO 2 is momenta rily displayed, th e Freq , Ch 1, and Ch 2




2

y p y , q , ,

ann unciat ors light, an d th e Count er is ready to measure an d display the

frequency rat io of a signal a pplied to CHANNEL 1 in relat ion t o a signal

app lied to CHANNE L 2 (Ch1/Ch2). The t rigger levels ar e set t o th e

50% points of each signal. However, you ma y disable au to tr iggering, and

cha nge th e tr igger levels an d slopes.

Note the result is not scaled by 100; it is not a percent age.

Note t ha t RATIO 2 TO 1 is also ava ilable (Ch2/Ch1).

2 To meas ur e th e frequency rat io between a signal applied to CHANNE L 1

input and a signa l applied to Option 030/050 CHANNE L 3 input, repea t

st ep 1, above.

RATIO 1 TO 3 will be moment ar ily displayed an d th e Freq , Ch 1, and

Ch 3 an nu nciat ors will light . The Count er will be ready to measur e th e

frequency rat io of a signal a pplied to CHANNEL 1 in relat ion t o a signal

applied t o CHANN EL 3 (Ch1/Ch3).

Note that th e Ratio 1 to 3 menu item is not available in Count ers th at do

not cont ain optiona l Chan nel 3.

Note the result is not scaled by 100; it is not a percent age.

Note t ha t RATIO 3 TO 1 is also ava ilable (Ch3/Ch1).

By pressing th e Fre q & Ratio key, th e Coun ter will retu rn t o th e

Fr equency 1 measu remen t mode; th is demonstr at es the loop around

featu re of th e measu remen t function men u keys.

The front -pa nel “ar row” (or en tr y/select) keys can also be used when

sequencing thr ough t he measu rem ent function men us. Refer to the

section t itled “Using E nt ry/Select (Arr ow) Keys” for d eta ils.





To Measu re Po sit ive/Nega t ive P ulse Widths

Press Time & Period key unt il POS WIDTH 1 or NEG WIDTH 1,depending on which meas urem ent you want to make, is displayed.




2

POS WIDTH 1 or NEG WIDTH 1 is momenta rily displayed, and th e +Wid

or −Wid , and Ch 1 ann unicators light. The pulse width measur ement

au toma tically configures th e Coun ter t o perform p ositive or nega tive pulse

width m easurements thr ough CHANNEL 1 input. The AUTO TRIG is set

to trigger at th e 50% point of th e signal.

To Measu re Du ty Cycle

Press Other Meas key until DUTYCYCLE 1 is displayed.

DUTYCYCLE 1 is momenta rily displayed, th e Ch 1 annunciator lights.

The du tycycle mode of operat ion is rea dy to mea sur e a cont inu ous

waveform applied to CHANNE L 1 input. The input is aut oma tically set to

comm on-chan nel 1, an d tr iggerin g set t o AUTO TRIG: ON. The t riggerlevels a re set to th e 50% points of each signa l. However, you m ay disa ble

aut o triggering, and change t he t rigger levels.

Result s will ran ge from 0 to 1. The du tycycle is defined a s th e positive

pulse width divided by the period. (Note tha t t he r esult is n ot scaled

by 100; it is not a percent age.)

To Make Totalize Measureme ntsPress Other Meas key until TOTALIZE 1 is displayed.

TOTALIZE 1 is momenta rily displayed, the Ch 1 annunciator lights,

and the Counter is in its t ota lize mode. Aut o-tr iggering is au tomat ically

disabled on CHANNEL 1 since there m ay not be a suita ble signal at th e

beginning of th e mea sur ement . The t ota lize mode of opera tion displays

th e nu mber of coun ts (event s) received th rough CHANNEL 1. The count is

contin uously displa yed if GATE: AUTO is s elected.

The tota lize measu remen t is clear ed to zero when t he t ota lize function is

first invoked, when th e front -pan el Run key is pressed, or when th e

Stop/ Single key is pressed.



To Make Phase Measuremen ts

Press Other Meas key until PHASE 1 TO 2 is displayed.

PHASE 1 TO 2 is momenta rily displayed, th e Ch 1 and Ch 2 annunicators

li h d h C i d h h f i l li d




2

light, and t he Count er is ready to measur e the ph ase of a signal applied to

CHANNEL 1 input relative to a signal applied to CHANNEL 2 input .

The pha se difference is displayed in degrees. If au to tr iggering is ena bled,

th e tr igger levels ar e set t o th e 50% point s of each signa l. However, you

ma y disable auto tr iggering, an d change th e tr igger levels and slopes.

Use CHANNE L 2 as th e reference. One period on CHANNEL 2 will

define 360°. If CHANNEL 1 is leading CHANNEL 2, the pu lse result is

positive.

To Measu re Posit ive/Negat ive Voltage P eaks

Press Other Meas key until VOLT PEAKS 1 or VOLT PEAKS 2 ,

depending on which measu remen t you wan t t o ma ke, is displayed.

VOLT PEAKS 1 or VOLT PEAKS 2 is momenta rily displayed, the Ch 1 or

Ch 2 ann unciator lights, an d th e Count er is ready to measure minimum

an d ma ximu m volta ge peaks of signa ls applied to CHANNE L 1 or

CHANNE L 2, respectively.

NOTE In Voltage Peaks function, the Counter m easu res th e input signal after

th e signa l has been conditioned by th e input sett ings (impedance,coupling, att enua tion, and filter ). One rem inder of th is is the

(AC COUPLED ) messa ge, which is displayed when Volta ge Peak s is

selected an d th e measu remen t chan nel is ac coupled.

The resu lt is corrected for X10 at tenu at ion.

Note tha t Arming is not used for Voltage Peaks mea sur ement s, and th atneither Limits nor Math is available.


Using the Gate & External Arm Menu Key

Using th e Gate & Extern al Arm Menu Key

Overview of Gate/External Arming Fun ct ions




2

Table 2-2 for t he HP 53131A (and H P 53132A with a serial number prefix

below 3646) and Table 2-3 for t he HP 53132A with a serial nu mber pr efix

3646 an d a bove (on page 2-19 and page 2-23, respectively) list the menus

for a ll th e arm ing configura tions, and sh ows how th e Gate a nd Exter na l

Arming menu chan ges as a function of the m easurement and t he ar ming

mode.

The HP 53131A/132A Coun ter ha s four ar ming m odes: auto, exter na l,

digits, and time. However, the HP 53131A (or HP 53132A with a serial

num ber prefix below 3646) and H P 53132A ha ve different ar ming

capa bilities for Time Int erval m easu remen ts. Thu s, for simplicity, their

Time Interval ar ming capa bilities are discussed in separ at e subsections.

• I f you are us ing an HP 53131A (or HP 53132A with a ser ia l number

prefix below 3646), read t he Time In ter val Delay arm ing inform at ion

starting on page 2-17 .

• If you are using an HP 53132A (with a serial number prefix 3646 and

above), read t he Time In ter val Delay arm ing inform at ion starting

on page 2-20.

Gate/Exte rnal Arming Capa bilit ies

AUTO Armi ng

For frequen cy, period, frequ ency rat io, risetim e, fallt ime, pulse width ,

dutycycle, and phase, auto arming means make individual

measu remen ts as fast as possible.

For tota lize, au to arming mea ns th e Count er sta rt s to coun t when it is

enabled by the pr essing of either th e Run or Stop/ Single key.

The Count er stops count ing when th e Stop /Single key is press ed.

Other

Meas

Time &

Period

Gate &

ExtArm

MEASURE

Freq &

Ratio



EXTERN AL Arm ing

For frequen cy, period, frequ ency rat io, and t otalize, external arming means you can contr ol the sta rt of a measurement by using an externa l

signal.




2

NOTE When externa l arm ing mode is enabled, a signa l must be connected to the

Count er’s rear -pan el Ext Arm connector.

TIME Armi ngFor frequen cy, period, rat io, and t otalize, t ime arming mean s you can set

th e gate t ime—th e length of time for wh ich your signal is mea sur ed.

NOTE Gate t ime and r esolution are linked: th e longer th e gate time, the great er

th e resolut ion. With a n increase in r esolution, you get a larger n um ber of

digits on t he displa y.

Time arm ing is demonstra ted in t he sub-section titled “Example

Procedure for Gat e and E xtern al Arm .”

DIGITS Arm ing

For frequen cy, period, and r at io, digits arming means you can set t he

nu mber of digits of resolut ion th at you require your result to provide.

Digits ar ming is demonstra ted in t he su b-section t itled “Example

Procedure for Chan ging th e Nu mber of Digits of Resolution Displayed for

More Precise Measur ements.”

HP 53131A (an d HP 53132A With S/N Pr efix Below 3646)

Time Interval DELAY Arm ing

The DE LAY capa bility (specified in t he Time Int erval a rm ing menu )

provides a var iable delay between th e star t event (Chann el 1) an d the

ena bling of th e stop event (Chan nel 2) as sh own Figure 2-1. Potential st op

event s ar e ignored du ring th e specified delay t ime.

Extern al ar ming can a lso be used to cont rol th e star t of a m easur ement by

using an externa l signal.



NOTE When externa l arm ing mode is enabled, a signal mu st be conn ected t o th e

Count er’s rea r-panel Ext Arm connector.

DESIRED T I MEASUREMENT

START STOP




2

Figure 2-1. HP 53131A (HP 53132A S/N Prefix Below 3646) Time Interval

Delay

NOTE The examples in Figure 2-1 have the input signal applied to Channel 1

with COMMON 1: ON, Chan nel 1 SLOPE: POS, and Channel 2 SLOPE:

POS.

DESIRED T.I. MEASUREMENTACTUAL T.I. MEAS

ARM: AUTO, DELAY: NONE

DESIRED T.I. MEASUREMENT

START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEASDELAY TIME

ARM: AUTO, DELAY: TIME, TIME: (specified)

(standard T.I. measurement)


START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEAS

ARM: EXTERNL, SLOPE: POS, DELAY: TIME, TIME: (specified)

DELAY TIME

EXT ARM INPUT



Table 2-2. *HP 53131A (HP 53132A S/N Prefix Below 3646) Gate & External Arm Key Menus as

a Function of the Measurement and Arming Mode

Freq, Period,

Ratio

Phase Totalize RiseTime, Fall Time,

+/−Width, Dutycycle

Time Interval




2

, y y

Auto Arming:

GATE: AUTO

Auto Arming:

ARM: AUTO

Auto Arming:

GATE: AUTO

Auto Arming:

ARM: AUTO

Auto Arming:

ARM: AUTO

DELAY: NONE

TIME

TIME: <time>

Digits Arming:

GATE: DIGITS

DIGITS: <digits> _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

Time Arming:

GATE: TIME

TIME: <time>

_______________

Time Arming:

GATE: TIME

TIME: <time>

_______________ _______________

External Arming:

GATE: EXTERNL

START: POS

NEG

STOP: AUTO

NEG

POS

TIME

TIME: <time>

External Arming:

ARM: EXTERNL

SLOPE: POS

NEG

External Arming:

GATE: EXTERNL

START: POS

NEG

STOP: NEG

POS

TIME

TIME: <time>

External Arming:

ARM: EXTERNL

SLOPE: POS

NEG

External Arming:

ARM: EXTERNL

SLOPE: POS

NEG

DELAY: NONE

TIME

TIME: <time>

* There is no Gate and External Arm menu available for Voltage Peaks measurements.



HP 53132A (With S /N Pr efix 3646 a nd Above) Tim e Int erva l

DELAY Arm ing

In t he following subsections, a leadin g sta r (G) means t he para meter

affects t he START event . A tr ailing star mean s th e par am eter a ffects

STOP event .




2

AUTO ARMING (GSTART: AUTO)

The DELAYG (stop delay) capability (specified in t he Tim e Int erval

arm ing menu) provides a variable delay between th e star t event

(Chann el 1) and t he enabling of the stop event (Channel 2) as sh own inFigure 2-2. Two types of delay a re possible: 1) TIME—pot ent ial st op

event s ar e ignored during t he specified delay t ime, or 2) EVENT—

th e mea surem ent is stopped when the specified nu mber of stop event s has

occurred.

EXTERNAL ARMING (GSTART: EXT)

Extern al ar ming can be used to cont rol th e star t, or st ar t a nd st op, of ameasu remen t by using an extern al signa l as shown in Figure 2-3.

Set STOPG and/or GSTART to EXT to activat e.

NOTE When externa l arm ing mode is enabled, a signal mu st be conn ected t o th e

Count er’s rea r-panel Ext Arm connector.

Th e GDELAY (sta rt delay) cap ability (specified when GSTART is set t o

EXT) provides a variable delay between th e ar ming event (Ext Arm) an d

th e enabling of the sta rt of the mea sur ement . Two types of delay are

possible: 1) TIME—poten tial sta rt events (Cha nnel 1) ar e ignored during

th e specified delay time, or 2) EVENT—th e measur ement is sta rt ed after

th e specified number of Chan nel 2 events h as occur red. A DELAYG

(stop delay) as described in AUTO ARMING above can a lso be used in

conjun ction with GDELAY (sta rt delay) as sh own in Figure 2-3.




START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEAS




2

Figure 2-2. HP 53132A (With S/N Prefix 3646 and Above) Auto Arming


with COMMON 1: ON, Channel 1 SLOPE: POS, and Channel 2 SLOPE:

POS.

START: AUTO, DELAY : NONE


START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEASDELAY TIME


START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEASDELAY STOP TO 4th EVENT

1 2 3 4

START: AUTO, DELAY : TIME, T : (specified)

START: AUTO, DELAY : EVENT, E : 4

(standard T.I. measurement)




START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEASDELAY STOP TO 4th EVENT

START DELAY TIME

EXT ARM INPUT




2

Figure 2-3. HP 53132A (With S/N Prefix 3646 and Above) External Arming


with COMMON 1: ON, Channel 1 SLOPE: POS, and Channel 2

SLOPE: NEG. Thus, the signals applied to Channel 1 and Channel 2 are

ident ical, however, the cha nn el events occur on opposite slopes.

START: EXT, SLOPE: POS, DELAY: TIME, T: (specified), STOP : AUTO, DELAY : EVENT, E : 5

2 3 4 5


START STOP

ACTUAL T.I. MEAS

2 3 4

DELAY START BY 4 CHAN 2 EVENTS

EXT ARM INPUT

1

5

START: EXT, SLOPE: POS, DELAY: EVENT, E: 5, STOP : EXT, SLOPE : NEG, DELAY : NONE

1





To Use the Gate and Exte rnal Arm

Exa mp le Procedu re for Gate and Externa l ArmFor demonst ra tion purposes, you wa nt t o set up t he Coun ter so tha t it

uses an external arm to start a measu rement. You want to make a

Tota lize measu remen t on th e positive edges (th at is, count th e num ber of




2

p g (

positive edges) of a pu lse-tr ain signa l app lied to cha nn el 1. Also, you wa nt

to perform t he mea sur ement dur ing an interva l of 5 milliseconds as sh own

in t he following figure.

Per form th e following procedur e to accomplish th is ta sk.

1 Turn on th e Count er, and press Stop/Single to put th e Count er into the

single measurement mode.

2 Connect th e pulse-tr ain signal to cha nnel 1 input, an d press Oth er Meas

key unt il TOTALIZE 1 is displayed.

3 Connect a n extern al TTL signa l to the Counter ’s rear -pan el Ext Arm

connector.

4 Press Gate & ExtArm key.

GATE: TIME is displayed.

5 Press a ny one of th e arr ow keys unt il GATE: EXTERNL is displayed.


START: POS is displayed. (If START: NEG is displayed instead, t hen

press a ny one of th e ar row keys to toggle to th e next st at e—POS ).

Gate

ExtArm

CHANNEL 1

5 ms

ExtArm




STOP: NEG is displayed.

8 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til STOP: TIME is displayed.

9 S h G Ti 5 b f i h f ll i




2

9 Set t he Ga te Time t o 5 ms by perform ing the following steps:

a. Press Gate & ExtArm key.

TIME: .100 seconds (th e defau lt tim e) is displayed.

b. Press t he appropriate a rrow keys to until TIME: .00500 seconds is

displayed.

c. Press Enter key.

NOTE BE SURE to press the Enter key to complete the nume ric entry .

The coun ter will now gate for a dur at ion of 5 ms.

10 Press Stop/Single key to star t th e measurement.

The measurement is start ed after t he external arm pulse occurs.

Exam ple Procedure for Cha nging the Num ber of

D ig i t s o f Reso lu t i on D i sp layed for More Prec i se Measu rements

1 Turn POWER key OFF th en ON again (cycle POWER key) to preset t he

Counter.

2 Connect (for demonstr at ion pur poses) the 10 MHz Out signa l to th e

cha nn el 1 input .

3 Press Time & Period key until PERIOD 1 is displayed.

After a few seconds, 0.10000000000 µs is displayed. Hence, the default

nu mber of digits (or resolut ion) displays a precise m easu remen t.



4 To demonstra te h ow t o use “digits a rm ing” to cha nge th e nu mber of digits

displayed, perform th e following st eps first.

a. Press Gate & ExtArm key

GATE: TIME is displayed.




2

b. Press a ny one of th e ar row keys unt il AUTO is displayed.

c. Press Ru n key.

0.1000 µs is displayed. Note t ha t fewer digits ar e displayed.

In “au to ar ming” you pr oduce results qu ickly. The short gate t ime

produces a lower-resolution result.

5 To cha nge the display to the bett er mea sur ement resolut ion u sing digits

ar min g, perform th e following steps:

a.Press

Gate & ExtArmkey

GATE: AUTO is displayed.

b. Press a ny one of th e ar row keys unt il DIGITS is displayed.

c. Press Gate & ExtArm key.

DIGITS: 4 is displayed (t he default nu mber of digits)

d. To set t he n um ber of digits displayed to 8, press th e appr opriat e ar rowkeys un til DIGITS: 8 is displayed.

e . Press Enter key.

f. Press Ru n key.

0.10000000 µs is displayed. Note t ha t 8 digits of resolut ion a re

displayed.


Using the MATH Menu Keys

Using th e MATH Menu Keys

Note tha t Ma th an d Limits ar e not available for Totalize an d Voltage

Peaks m easurements.Scale &

Offset

MATH




2

Overvie w of Scale /Offset Math Men u

The Scale and Offset functions with in th e Mat h m enu a llow you t o

perform simple mathematical operations on the measurement result

before it is dis played. The S cale an d Offset functions a llow formult iplicat ion an d a ddition. Modificat ion of the displayed m easu remen t

by these ma th operat ions is r epresent ed by the following equa tion:

(Measurement × Scale) + Offset = Displa yed Resu lt

The ma th operat ions can be used, for exam ple, to subtr act systema tic

err ors or displa y the per centa ge difference between signa ls. Also, the

overall mat h operat ion can be disabled and t hen r e-esta blished withoutha ving to re-enter const an ts.

The men u item s of th e Scale and Offset Ma th functions a llow you t o:

• enter a desired multiplication factor for a measurement (SCAL:).

• enter a desired addit ion or subtraction value for a measurement

(OFFS:).

• get and display the las t measurement value, and use i t as the offset

(SET OFFSET ?).

• d is able or enable the M ath mode (MATH: OFF or ON )—Note t ha t

th e Math m ode is aut oma tically enabled when you ent er th e scale

an d/or offset value(s); th us, th e prim ar y fun ction of th is menu item is

to allow you t o tu rn th e Mat h m ode off.

• get Help , which d isplays the equat ion “(MEAS X SCALE) +

OFFS = RESULT ” to tell you h ow th e scale and offset r esult s ar e

compu ted by th e Coun ter (MATH HELP ?).

Stats





4 Press Sca le & Offset key until OFFS: is displayed.

OFFS: 0.000000 sh ould be displayed. If th e Offset value is not set t o“0.000000”:

a. Press th e appr opriat e ar row keys to set t he Offset t o “0.000000.”

b P E t k




2

b. Press Enter key.


The offset is n ow set to 0.

5 Press Ru n key.

The rpm measurement is displayed.

Exam pl e Procedu re for Offset Funct ion

Your ta sk is t o measur e th e Period of a signal conn ected t o cha nn el 1,

an d to offset t he m easur ement by 100 na noseconds. Perform th e following

procedur e to accomplish t his t ask.

1 Cycle POWER key to preset t he Coun ter.

2 Connect a signal to cha nnel 1, an d set up t he Count er to measur e the

period of th e signa l, usin g th e Time & Period key. (Refer to the sect ion

in this cha pter t i tled “To Measure Period ” if need ed .)

3 Press Scale & Offset key until SCAL: is displayed.

4 Set Scale to “1” by pressing the appr opriat e ar row keys to enter th e value

1.000000 if Scale is n ot a lrea dy set to “1.”

5 Press Enter key.




6 Press Sca le & Offset key until OFFS: is displayed.

OFFS: 0.000000 seconds should be displayed. This is t he default value.

7 Set t he Offset t o −.1000000 µs.

Refer t o th e sub-section tit led “En tering t he Offset Value” in Cha pter 1,




2

“Getting Star ted,” for d eta ils on h ow t o perform n um eric ent ry for Offset.

a. Use th e appr opriat e combinat ion of th e ar row keys to display a va lue

of .1000000 µs.

b. Press +/− key, which is locat ed below th e ar row keys, to chan ge th e

plus sign t o minu s.

OFFS: −.1000000 µs is displayed.

c. Press Enter key.

NOTE BE SURE to press the Enter key to com plete nume ric entry .

The coun ter will add −.1000000 µs to each measurement .

8 Press Run key.

The resulta nt period measu rem ent is displayed with 100 nanoseconds

subtr acted from each result.

Exam ple Pr ocedu re for Tu rning Off Mat h Mode

1 Press Sca le & Offset key until MATH: ON is displayed.

2 Press a ny one of th e ar row keys.

MATH: OFF is displayed. Now, Scale a nd Offset n o longer a re u sed to

modify the displayed result.

3 Press Run key to retu rn t he Coun ter t o its norm al operat ion.



Exam ple Pr oced ure for Set t in g the Offset From

t h e L a s t Me a s ur em e n t Va l u e

Th e SET OFFSET ? menu item uses the n egative of the last measur ement

value, rounded to eleven digits, to set t he OFFSET. Thus, an y difference

in th e offset (or n ow th e referen ce value) an d th e cur rent meas ur ement

value is displayed.




2

Let’s assu me you ar e mea sur ing th e frequ ency of a st able source, but you

ar e only int erested in t he least significan t digits of th e measu rem ent.

U se t he SET OFFSET ? menu item to configure th e appropriate OFF SET

value.

Your ta sk is to measur e a st able source to obta in th e cha nges in theleast

significan t d igits.

1 Cycle POWER key to preset t he Coun ter.

2 Cha nge gat e time t o 15.0 seconds on GATE menu.

3 To demonstra te SET OFFSET?, connect a 10 MH z sine wave signa l to

chan nel 1 of the Count er, and set u p the Count er to measure t he

frequency of th e signal. (Refer to the section in t his chapt er t itled

“To Measur e Frequency” if needed.)

10.0000000001 MHz is displayed.

4 Press Sca le & Offset key until SET OFFSET ? is displayed.

5 Press Enter key.

OFFS: −10.00000 MHz is displayed, for exa mple.

Note th at this value represents the last m easurement of the input signal

rounded t o eleven digits. The Coun ter uses it as th e reference offset value,an d reverses the sign from + to −.



6 Press Run key.

−12* µ is displayed, for exa mple, at th e complet ion of th e nextmeasurement.

This value (−0.00012) is th e sma ll differen ce between th e signa l being

measu red an d the reference value (OFFS: −10.00000 MHz ) obta ined in

5




2

step 5.

Usin g th e reference allows you t o observe sma ll differen ces in t he

13th –15th d igits wh ich would not be observable in th e 12-digit display.

Overview of Stat ist ics (Stats) Menu

The Sta ts m enu a llows you t o:

• select which computed stat is t ics you want displayed

(SHOW: STD DEV, MEAN , MAX, or MIN ).

• choose between having the actual measurement or s tat is t ical resultdisplayed (SHOW: MEAS ).

• select the number of measurements you want to make for each

compu ted st at istic (N:).

• enable or d is able the S tat s mode (STATS: ON or OF F ).

• enable the Counter to perform statis t ical computation on only

measurement s th at are within t he user-entered limits; that is , filterdata (US E: IN LIMIT), or

• enable the Counter to perform statis t ical computation on all

measu remen ts, whether th ey fall in or out of th e user-entered limits

(USE: ALL MEAS ).

• con figu re St op/ Single key to initiate a set of N mea sur ement s

(ON SINGLE: 1 or N).



To Use the S tats Menu for Automa tic and Continuou s

Stat ist ical Analysis

Exa mp le Procedure for Compu t ing Sta t s

For demonstra tion pur poses, let’s say you n eed to know the m ean

(avera ge) an d minimu m r isetime values of a digital signal.




2

Also, you wa nt th e Count er t o make 20 mea surem ent s before it perform s

th ese stat istical comput at ions.

Per form th e following procedu re t o accomplish th is ta sk.

1 Connect th e digital signal to cha nn el 1 input , and set up t he Coun ter t o

measu re r isetime of th e signa l, using th e Time & Pe riod key. (Refer to

th e section in t his cha pter t itled “To Measu re Rise/Fall Times” if needed.)

2 Press Stats key until N: is displayed.

N: 100 is displayed (100 is the defau lt valu e).

3 Set N to 20 (since you wa nt th e Coun ter to mak e 20 measur ement s before

compu ting th e mean a nd minimu m values) by pressing the appr opriat e

ar row keys.

N: 20 is displayed.

4 Press Enter key.

NOTE BE SURE to press the Enter key to com plete nume ric entry .

The Coun ter is n ow set to mak e 20 measur ement s before compu ting

statistics.

5 Press Stats key until SHOW: is displayed.

6 Press a ny one of th e ar row keys un til SHOW: MEAN is displayed.



7 Press Run key.

Immediately after the Run key is pressed, the Coun ter m omen ta rilydisplays DOING STATS . When t he Count er ha s ma de 20 valid

measur ements, it then displays the mean risetime value of the digital

input signal.




2

NOTE The Count er will display updat ed stat istics result s every

20 measurements .

8 Press Stop/Single key after you ha ve a mean value displayed.

9 To display th e minimum riset ime va lue, perform th e following:

a. Press Stats key.

b. Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til SHOW: MIN is displayed.

c. Press Enter key.

CAUTION Pressing the Run key now would clear th e present st at istics results a nd

calculate a new set of results a fter “N” mea surem ent s.

Exam ple Pr ocedu re for Ea sy Viewing of Sta t s

Th e and ar row keys provide a short cut t o viewing each of th e sta ts

(tha t is , standar d deviation, mean, ma ximum , and minimum ) when th eCount er is already displaying a st at istic measu remen t. These keys allow

you t o cycle thr ough t he different Sta ts r esults a nd a ut oma tically view

them.

While the Counter is displaying a statist ics measu reme nt, press

ei ther the or arrow key to cycle through and display each of

the four computed s tat is t ics , and the c urrent measuremen t .



Exam ple Pr ocedur e for Fi l t er ing Da ta (Using Lim i t s ) Dur ing

S t a t s

1 Using th e procedure in t he pr evious sub-section titled “Example

Pr ocedur e for Ea sy Viewing of Stat s,” set u p th e Coun ter to display th e

minimu m risetime value of an input signal.

2 Set t he u pper a nd lower limits. (Refer t o the section in Chapt er 1 titled




2

“To Set Limits of Measur ement s” if needed.)

3 Press Stats key until USE: is displayed.

4 Pr ess one of th e ar row keys to toggle to IN LIMIT s tate.

USE: IN LIMIT is displayed.

5 Press Ru n key.

The Coun ter will now perform th e sta tistical compu ta tions (tha t is,

sta nda rd deviat ion, mean , maximum , and minimu m) on only th ose

measurem ents th at are within th e user-entered limits. The Count er th en

displays t he st at istics you picked (minimum , in t his case).

6 Press Stats key until USE: is displayed.

7 Press a ny one of the a rr ow keys to toggle to ALL MEAS s tate.

USE: ALL MEAS is displayed.

8 Press Ru n key.

The Coun ter will now perform th e sta tistical compu ta tions (tha t is,

standa rd deviation, mean, ma ximum , and m inimum) on a ll

measu remen ts, wheth er th ey fall in or out of th e user-entered limits.

The Coun ter t hen displays the stat istic you picked (minimu m, in thiscase).



Exa mp le Procedure for Configur in g S INGLE to Ini t ia t e

N Mea surem ents

Please refer to th e procedure t itled “To Use the Measur ement Cont rol

Keys” on page 2-6 for a n exam ple use of ON SINGLE .

Exam ple Pr ocedu re for Tu rning Off Sta t s Mode

1 Press Stats key until STATS: ON is displayed




2

1 Press Stats key until STATS: ON is displayed.


STATS: OFF is displayed.

3 Press Run key to retu rn t he Coun ter t o its norm al operat ion.


Using the LIMITS Menu Keys

Using th e LIMITS Menu Keys

Note tha t Ma th a nd Limis menus a re not available for Totalize and

Voltage Peaks measurem ents.

Overview o f Limits MenusLIMITS




2

The menu items u nder t he Limits keys allow you t o:

• select the des ired upper and lower measurement l imits (UPPR:,LOWR:).

• d is able or enable Limit Tes t ing (LIM TEST: OFF or ON )—Note th at

th e Limit Testing is automat ically ena bled when you set th e upper

an d lower limits, or upda te a ny menu it em in th e Limit Modes menu ;

th us, th e prima ry function of th e LIM TEST menu item is t o allow you

to tu rn L imit Test ing off.

• set the Counter to s top making measurements when a measurementexceeds the user-enter ed limits (ON FAIL: S TOP ). (Stop on limit s

does not ha ve any effect if the Counter is in th e single mea surem ent

mode.)

• enable the Counter to cont inue tak ing measurements after a

mea sur ement exceeds th e user-ent ered limits (ON FAIL: GO ON ).

• change the Counter display from numeric to analog graph to quickly

visua lize cha nges in t he signal (or t o quickly see when m easur ement sar e in or out of limits ) (SHOW: NUMBER or GRAPH).

Limit

Modes

Uppr &

Lower


Using the LIMITS Menu Keys

To Set and Us e Automatic Limit Test ing

L imit s Tes t ing Exam ple 1—Fla g an d S top Measur ing

O n Li m it s

For demonst ra tion purposes, you wa nt t o first m easu re th e rat io between

signa ls applied to cha nn els 1 and 2 of the Coun ter. Next, you wa nt to set

limits t ha t would cau se the Counter t o flag (tu rn on t he Limits

an nu nciator in the front-panel display) an d stop ma king measu remen ts if




2

an nu nciator in the front panel display) an d stop ma king measu remen ts if

th ese signals drift more th an ±10% apa rt .

1 Connect input signa ls to cha nn els 1 and 2 of th e Coun ter , and set up t heCoun ter to measu re t he r at io between th ese signa ls. (Refer t o the section

in this cha pter t itled “To Measur e Frequ ency Rat io” if neede d.)

Assume that the rat io measured betwe en the tw o s ignals is 2.

If the drift is not to be larger th an ±10%, then t he upper limit should be

set to 2.2 an d th e lower limit to 1.8 . Let’s set th ese values in t he following

steps.

2 Press Uppr/Lower key until UPPR: is displayed.

UPPR: 0.000000 is displayed (0 is the defau lt valu e).

3 Set U P P R to 2.2. (Refer to th e section in Cha pter 1 titled “To Set Limits of

Measurements” if needed.)

NOTE After you en ter the v alue 2.2, BE SURE to press the Enter ke y to

complete the entry .

4 Press Uppr/Lower key until LOWR: is displayed.

LOWR: 0.000000 is displayed (0 is th e default va lue).

5 Set LOWR to 1.8.

NOTE After you en ter the v alue 1.8, BE SURE to press the Enter ke y to

complete the entry .

Chapter 2 Operating Your Universal CounterUsing the LIMITS Menu Keys

6 Press Limit Modes key until LIM TEST: ON is displayed.

Note tha t once either t he upper or lower limits ha ve been set, th e limittest ing is au tomat ically ena bled as indicated by the LIM TEST: ON

display, an d th e Limit Modes indicat or.

7 Press Limit Modes key.

ON FAIL GO ON




2

ON FAIL: GO ON is displayed.

8 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys t o toggle to the n ext sta te.

ON FAIL: STOP is displayed. The ON FAIL: STOP function tells th e

Count er to stop making measur ements when the input signals drift more

tha n ±10% apar t.

9 Press Ru n key to star t m aking measurement s with th is limits-testing

choice selected .

Now, if a m easur ement drifts out of th e user-entered limits th e Limit

an nu nciat or in th e display will light . The Coun ter will stop making

measurements.


L imit s Test in g Exam ple 2—Fla g On Lim its but

C on t i n u e Me a s ur i n g

If you decide th at you wan t t he Coun ter t o flag measu remen ts t ha t a re outof limits but to cont inue t aking m easu remen ts, th en perform th e following

steps.

1 Press Limit Modes key until ON FAIL: STOP is displayed.




2

2 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys to toggle to the next sta te.

ON FAIL: GO ON is displayed.

3 Press Run key to star t ma king measurements with t his limits-testing

choice selected.

Now, each time a m easu remen t drifts out of th e user-entered limits th e

Limit an nu nciat or in t he display will light , but t he Coun ter will cont inue

to make measur ements.

The Limit a nn un ciator will go on wh enever a r esult is out of limits.

As soon a s a result is within limits, th e Limit an nu nciat or will go off.

L imi t s Tes t ing Exam ple 3—Use Ana log Gra ph Disp lay Whi le

Adjus t in g Inpu t S igna l

1 For demonstr at ion pu rposes, conn ect a 10 MHz signa l to cha nn el 1 and set

up t he Count er t o measu re t he frequency of th e signa l, using theF re q & Ra ti o key. (Refer t o section in t his chap ter tit led “To Measure

Frequency” if needed.)

2 Using the Uppr & Lowe r key, set t he upper limit to 10.2 MHz an d th e

lower limit to 9.8 MHz. (Refer t o th e section in Cha pter 1 titled “To Set

Limits of Measur ement s” if needed.)

3 Press Limit Modes key until SHOW: NUMBER is displayed.

4 Press a ny one of th e ar row keys to toggle to the n ext sta te.

SHOW: GRAPH is displayed.


5 Press Ru n key to display th e graph as s hown below.

The ast erisk (*) or st ar represen ts t he mea sur ement an d the colons (:)

Freq Ch 1




2

represent th e limits you set. This graph indicates t hat the m easurement is

within t he limits. The colon t o the left r epresent s t he lower limit, and t he

colon t o th e right repr esents t he upper limit.

6 Adjus t your s ignal down t o 9.7 MHz.

The st ar is now out of the limits a s it is below th e ent ered 9.8 MHz lower

limit. (Note the Limit an nun ciator lights since th e signal is out of limits.)

7 Now, ad just your s ignal up t o 10.3 MHz.

The sta r is now out of th e limits a s it ha s exceeded the enter ed 10.2 MHz

upper limit. (Note t he Limit an nu nciat or lights since the signal is out of

limits.)

8 To cha nge th e Count er ba ck t o displaying numbers, pr ess Limit Modes key un til SHOW: GRAPH is displayed.

9 Pr ess a ny one of the a rr ow keys to toggle to SHOW: NUMBER .

10 Press Ru n key to display measur ements a s nu mbers.

Freq Ch 1 Limit

Freq Ch 1 Limit


L imit s Tes t ing Exam ple 4—Select ing Fi l ter ing Condi t i ons of

S t a t s C o m p u t a t i on

Let’s assu me you h ave set t he upper an d lower limits to reasonable valuesas in t he pr evious pr ocedur e.

NOTE Since the Limit Testing and St at s functions ar e independent, LIM TEST: doesn’t h ave to be ON in order to filter mea surem ents for sta tistics.




2

1 Press Stats key until USE: ALL MEAS is displayed.

2 Press a ny one of the a rr ow keys to display USE: IN LIMIT .

3 Press Run key to star t th e measurement.

The Coun ter will compu te sta tistics using only measur ement s tha t a rewithin th e user-ent ered limits.

4 Press Stats key until USE: IN LIMIT is displayed.

5 Press a ny one of the a rr ow keys to display USE: ALL MEAS .

The Coun ter will compu te sta tistics using all measur ement s, whetherth ey fall in or out of th e user -ent ered limits.

6 Press Run key to star t th e measurement.

7 To tu rn off the Limit Testin g, perform t he following steps:

a. Press Limit Modes key until LIM TEST: ON is displayed.

b. Press a ny one of the a rr ow keys to toggle Limits OFF .

LIM TEST: OFF is displayed.

When Limit Testing is off, th e Limit a nn un ciator, th e stop-on limitcapa bility, th e limit gra ph, and t he rea r pa nel RS-232 Limit Outpu t(if DTR: LIMIT choice was selected a s described in t he followingExam ple 5 procedure) ar e disabled.

NOTE Sta ts will still filter dat a u sing your upper a nd lower limits if you set Sta tsto USE: IN LIMIT.

8 Press Run key to retu rn th e Coun ter t o compu ting sta tistics on allmeasurements.


L imit s Test in g Exam ple 5—Send ing t he Limit -Detect Out put

to th e RS-232 Seria l Port

NOTE If you cycle power, you will lose everyt hin g except sa ved mea sur emen t

setups and special par am eters saved to non-volatile memory; th erefore,

ma ke sur e you u se th e Save and Recall fun ctions of th e Coun ter t o ret ain

the m easurement setup prior t o powering down to set up t he th e

Limit-Detect Ou tp ut line (pin 4) of the RS-232 seria l conn ector. Refer t o

th e appropriat e section in this chapt er for deta ils on how to use Save and




2

th e appropriat e section in this chapt er for deta ils on how to use Save and

Recall.

1 To use th e Limit-detect outpu t from t he serial port, perform th e following

steps:

a. Save your measur ement setu p t hat includes your Limit Testing

choices, by simply press ing th e Save & Print key until SAVE: 1 is

displayed, th en Enter key to save to register 1.

b. Turn off the Coun ter.c. Press a nd hold Recall (Util ity) key, th en press POWER key.

d. Press Recall (Util ity) key un til DTR: is displayed.

e . Pr ess an y one of th e arr ow keys unt il DTR: LIMIT is displayed.

2 Press Ru n key.

3 Press Recall (Utility) key un til RECALL 1 is displayed, then wait a fewseconds t o recall th e measu remen t setu p saved in register 1.

Since your mea sur ement setu p included your sett ings for u pper a nd lower

limits, an d LIM TEST: was set to ON , the Count er is now set for limit

test ing with t he Limit-detect output .

If a m easu remen t drifts out of th e user-entered limits, the Limit

an nu nciat or in t he displa y will light . Also, pin 4 on th e RS-232 conn ectorwill cha nge st at e (to a low-volta ge RS-232 level) to flag each t ime a

mea sur emen t dr ifts out of th e limits. (RS-232 volta ge levels swing

from ±12V.)

Chapter 2 Operating Your Universal CounterUsing CHANNEL 1 and CHANNEL 2 Input Conditioning Keys

Using CHANNE L 1 an d CHANNE L 2 Input

Conditioning Keys

Th e Trigger/Sensit ivity keys are men u keys, while the oth er keys in this

group (tha t is, 50Ω /1 MΩ, DC/AC, X10 Atten ua te , and 100 kHz Fil ter)

ar e toggle keys.

CHANNEL 1

TriggerSensitivity

DC

50Ω1MΩ

D L l

!




2

Use th e CHANNEL 1 a nd CH ANNE L 2 group of keys (which a re

identical) to set u p t he Count er’s input conditions for mea surin g inputsigna ls applied to cha nn els 1 and 2. Each cha nnel can be set up

independently. (The Trigger/Sensitivity menu is unavailable for Voltage

Peaks measurements.)

Overview of Trigger/Sen sit ivity Menu

NOTE Many of the measurement functions (that is, frequency, period, etc.)

aut omat ically set t he a ut o tr igger mode and tr igger level.The Trigger/Sensitivity menu items a llow you t o override the a ut oma tic

settings.

The menu items u nder t he Trigger/Sensitivity keys allow you t o manu ally:

• s elect the au to t r igger mode (AUTO TRIG: ON or OF F ).

If au to tr igger is OFF , you a re a llowed to:

• select the voltage level at which the corresponding input chann el will

tr igger (LEVEL: n V, where n is a n um eric value).

If aut o tr igger is ON, you a re a llowed to:

• select the percentage of an input s ignal at which the Counter will

tr igger (LEVEL: n P CT , where n is a n um eric value).

Setting AUTO TRIG: to ON cau ses the Count er t o measure a nd compu te a

tr igger level corr esponding to the a ut o-tr igger per cent age of th e select ed

channel.

AC

X10Attenuate

100kHzFilter

Damage Lvl:5V rms MAX. 50Ω


While AUTO TRIG: is ON, th e Coun ter will, for ea ch mea su rem ent , check

th at th e measu remen t signal(s) ar e triggering at th e cur rent level(s). If no

tr iggering is foun d, the Counter will measu re a nd compu te n ew trigger

level(s). (While AUTO TRIG: is ON, th e Coun ter also mea su res a nd

compu tes n ew tr igger level(s) whenever m easu ring is invoked with th e

front-panel Stop/ Single and Ru n keys, or whenever t he a ut o-tr igger

percent age is updated.)

The men u item s un der th e Trigger/Sensitivity keys also allow you t o




2

manually:

• select what slope or edge (positive or negative) of an input signal will

tr igger th e Count er (SLOPE: POS or NEG).

• select medium, high, or low sensitivity levels (thu s, varying the

hyst eresis window or t rigger ban d) for t he optimu m sen sitivity for

certa in measur ement a pplicat ions (SENSTVTY: MED , HI, or LOW).

Sensitivity is defined in the paragraph titled “Definition of

Sensitivity” starting on page 2-46 .

• select a common input s ignal to make a Time Interval (TI)

measurement (COMMON 1: ON or OF F ). In COMMON 1: ON,

an input signa l applied to CHANNEL 1 is split to allow the Count er to

use it for both CHANNEL 1 a nd CHANNE L 2 input a mplifiers when

th e Count er is operat ing in its Time Int erval (TI 1 TO 2) measu remen t

function. By independent ly adjust ing CHANNEL 1 an d CHANNE L 2

keys, th e Count er perform s a TI measu remen t on a single input signa l

as shown in th e following figur e.

COMMON 1: ON, CHAN 1 SLOPE: POS, CHAN 2 SLOPE: NEG

CHANNEL 1

CHANNEL 2


DEF INITION OF S ENS ITIVITY. Sensitivity is th e lowest a mplitude

signal at a pa rt icular frequency th at t he Count er will coun t. The am plifier

gain an d t he voltage difference between t he inpu t t rigger h ysteresis levels

deter min e th e Coun ter ’s sensit ivity. Sensitivity is specified with th e

tr igger level set at a valu e equal to th e midpoint of th e input signa l.

The input wa veform m ust cross both th e upper an d lower hysteresis levels

to gener at e a coun t a s shown in th e following figure.




2

Signal crosses through both hysteresis levels to effect a count.

If the signal peaks do not exceed beyond both hysteresis limits, th e input

signa l will not genera te a count . For exam ple, th e peak-to-peak a mplitude

is insufficient , or t rigger level is set a bove or below th e midpoint of th e

inpu t signa l as shown in t he following figures.

Signal will not generate a count because the peak-to-peak amplitude ofthe signal is insufficient.

Upper

HysteresisLevel

Peak-to-PeakSensitivity

TriggerLevel

LowerHysteresis

Level Input signalto Counter

TriggerLevel

UpperHysteresis

Level


Lower

HysteresisLevel Input signalto Counter


UpperHysteresis

Level


TriggerLevel

LowerHysteresis

Level Input signalto Counter




2 Signal will not generate a count because the trigger level is set belowthe midpoint of the signal, causing the lower hysteresis level to not becrossed.

The sen sitivity specificat ion is given in t erm s of volts r ms for applications

th at involve measu ring a sine wave signal, th ough it sh ould be noted t ha t

a different waveform with t he sa me rm s voltage ma y not t rigger a count .

Since the Count er inpu t does not r espond t o th e rm s value of th e

waveform but only to th e peak -t o-peak valu e, the sen sitivity specificat ion

is also given for volts pea k-to-peak with a minimu m pulse width.

As previously men tioned, the sen sitivity of th e Coun ter can be cha nged by

using th e SENSTVTY: MED , HI, or LOW menu choices in t he

Trigger/Sensit ivity key menu for optimu m sensitivity for cert ain

measu remen t applicat ions. For exam ple, low sensitivity settin g is veryuseful when meas ur ing noisy signals.

to Counter


To Use the Trigge r/Sen sitivity Keys to Adjus t Counte r’s

Triggering Level

Exam ple Procedure for Se t t ing Tr ig ger Vol ta ge an d Sensi t iv i ty Levels

1 Connect a signal to cha nnel 1 inpu t, and set up t he Coun ter t o meas ur e

th e frequ ency of t he signa l. (Refer t o section in t his chapt er t itled

“To Measur e Frequency” if needed.)




2

2 Press CHANNEL 1 Trigger/Sensit ivity key.

AUTO TRG: ON is displayed.

3 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys to toggle to th e au to tr igger off mode.

AUTO TRG: OFF is displayed.

4 Press Trigger/Sensit ivity key.

LEVEL: 0.000V is displayed. (Actu al valu e ma y be different .)

5 Suppose you wa nt to set t he t rigger level to 1V (actua l value ma y be

differen t). Per form th e following st eps:

a. Press th e appropriate a rrow keys unt il LEVEL: 1.000V is displayed.

b. Press Enter key.


The t rigger volta ge level for cha nn el 1 is now set t o 1V as s hown in t he

following figur e.

1V

0V



SLOPE: POS is displayed. The t rigger slope is set a t positive; th us, t he

Count er tr iggers on t he rising edge of th e input signal as sh own in th e

following figure.

1V

0V*

* * *




2

If you wan t t o tr igger on t he n egat ive (or falling) edge of th e inpu t s ignal,

then perform the following step.

7 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til SLOPE: NEG is displayed.

The trigger is set at n egative; th us, th e Count er t riggers on the falling

edge of the in put signa l as s hown in t he following figure.

8 Press Trigger/Sensit ivity key to set th e input cha nnel sensit ivity level.

1V

0V* * * *


9 Pr ess an y one of th e arr ow keys unt il SENSTVTY: HI is displayed.

The Coun ter ’s CHANNEL 1 sensitivity is set high as sh own in t he

following figur e.

1 2 3 4TriggerBand

0V




2

The Count er should now be triggering as det ermined by th e sensitivity

level, and displa ying the inpu t signa l’s frequ ency if th e input signal

peak -to-peak volta ge is large enough for t he selected sen sitivity level.

The signal mu st t ra vel completely through t he t rigger ba nd before a validtr igger is recognized.

10 Press a ny one of th e arr ow keys unt il SENSTVTY: LO is displayed.

The Count er’s CHANNEL 1 sensitivity is set low as shown in t he

following figur e.

Band

1 2

TriggerBand0V


Exam ple Pr ocedu re for Us ing Common 1 to Mak e Time

Interva l (TI) Measurements on a Single Sign al

1 Connect a signal to cha nnel 1 of th e Coun ter .

2 Press Time & Period key until TI 1 TO 2 is moment ar ily displayed.

(Note tha t t he Time, Ch1, and Ch2 an nu nciat ors light.)

3 Press Trigger/Sensit ivity key un til COMMON 1: OFF is displayed.

4 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til COMMON 1: ON is displayed.




2 When t he Counter is operat ing in Comm on 1 m ode, the signal a pplied toCHANNEL 1 is u sed for both sta rt an d st op event. The t rigger level, slope,

an d sensitivity for t he st ar t signa l can be modified by using th e

CHANNE L 1 input condit ionin g keys. Wher eas , the t rigger level, slope,

an d sens itivity of th e stop signal can be modified by usin g CHANNEL 2

inpu t condit ioning keys. (See th e figure locat ed at th e end of th e

sub-section of th is section t itled “Overview of Trigger/Sensitivity Men u.”)

Overview o f Inpu t Condit ionin g Toggle Keys

NOTE Identical fun ctions are a vailable on CH ANNE L 1 and CHANNEL 2.

The following text describes only CHANNE L 1 fun ctions (as indicated by

th e “1” in t he display) for simplicity.

The t oggle keys of th e inpu t cha nn els allow you t o:

• select 50Ω input impedance or 1 MΩ input impedan ce for t he inputcha nn el (CH 1: 50 OHM , or 1M OHM ).

• select dc coupling or ac coupling for t he input channel (CH 1: DC ,

or AC ).

• select the at tenuation of s ignals at the input channel. The normal or

“no” at ten ua tion st at e (key indicator OFF) connects t he inpu t signa l

directly to th e input a mplifier. The X10 stat e att enua tes th e input

signa l by a factor of 10.• insert a low pass fi lter into the input channel, which attenuates

frequencies above 100 kH z. When t he 100 kHz filter is en abled, th e

key indicator is ON. When t he filter is disabled (key indicator OF F),

th e Coun ter r esumes norma l operat ion over th e entire bandwidth

(CH 1: LP FILT , or NO FILT ).

Chapter 2 Operating Your Universal CounterUsing the Save and Recall Menus

Using th e Save an d Reca ll Menus

Overview of Save and Recal l Funct ions

The combin ed use of th e Save a nd Recall fun ctions allows you t o save an d

recall the m easurement setups which determ ine how the Count er

measu res, ana lyzes, an d report s an swers. A setup can include the

measu rem ent to be made, th e precision desired, offset a nd scaling factor to

apply, limits t o be met, an d st at istics t o comput e. Setups can also cont rol

Recall Save &

Print

LocalUtility




2

apply, limits t o be met, an d st at istics t o comput e. Setups can also cont rol

print ing of hardcopy. Setu ps saved to memory registers a re pr eservedwhen th e Coun ter is powered down or disconn ected from a power sour ce.1

The Sa ve and Recall functions enable faster an d easier operat ion, fewer

operator errors, and minimum tra ining.

Th e Save a nd Recall keys a llow you t o:

• create and save up to 20 d ifferent inst rument measurement se tupsinto inter na l non-volatile m emory (SAVE:).

• recall up to 20 user-selected measurement setups that were previously

saved (RECALL 1, 2, 3, ... 20). With a total of 21 save/recall

registers, th ere a re 20 r egister s a vailable to you for save/recall

opera tions. The Count er a ut oma tically saves the curr ent s etup to

register 0 (RECALL 0) before execut ing a recall function.1

• dele te any of the s aved setups (UNSAVE:).

1 For firmware revisions 3622 and above, RECALL 0 is stored in volatile memory. RECALL 0 is not preservedif you cycle power.


To Use the Save Funct ion

The following st ep-by-st ep pr ocedure d escribes how t o SAVE a simp le

measu remen t set up t o quickly get you familiar with th e Save fun ction.

You will SAVE th e following in regist er 1 (SAVE: 1):

• the Per iod measuremen t funct ion ,

• the input cond it ion ing pa ramete rs :

a u to t r igger t o off




2

– a u to t r igger t o off

– t r igger leve l to 1 .5V

– in pu t im peda nce to 50Ω

– in pu t cou plin g t o DC

1 Cycle POWER key to preset th e Count er setup.

The Coun ter is now rea dy to mea sur e the frequency of a signa l applied to

CHANNEL 1 input a s indicat ed by th e Freq and Ch 1 annunciators.

2 Press Other Meas key until PERIOD 1 is displayed.

The Coun ter is now ready to measu re th e period of a signa l applied to

CHANNEL 1 input a s indicat ed by th e Period and Ch 1 annunciators.


AUTO TRG: ON is displayed.


AUTO TRG: OFF is displayed.

5 Press Trigger/Sensit ivity key, or Enter key.

LEVEL: 0.000V is displayed.

6 Using th e appr opriat e ar row keys, set t he t rigger level to 1.5V.




To Unsave a Measuremen t Setup

1 To un save th e mea sur ement setup you’ve saved in th e previous pr ocedure,

press Save & Print key until UNSAVE: NO is displayed.

2 Press t he appr opriat e arr ow keys to select UNSAVE: 1, then press Enter

key.

The measurement setup tha t was sa ved in register 1 (RECALL: 1)

is deleted or un saved.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT UNSAVE




2

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT UNSAVE

If th e UNSAVE: display DOES NOT show up after th e SAVE: display, t hen

no setups ha ve been saved; all registers a re empt y.

If UNSAVE: display is present in th e Save & Print key menu, then a t

least one setup h as been sa ved. (To determ ine how many setu ps ar e saved,

cont inuously press th e key while UNSAVE: n is displayed a nd coun t

th e num ber of registers th at ar e present.) Perform st ep 2, below, to delete

a m easurement setup.

1 Suppose th ere ar e two registers (1 and 2) th at ha ve setu ps saved in th em.

To rem ove th ese set ups, per form th e following:

a. At t he UNSAVE: 1 display, press Enter key.

UNSAVE: 2 is displayed, indicat ing tha t r egister 1 has been cleared.

To check if the clearin g was done, press t he key; th e “1” disp lay

should not exist.

b. At t he UNSAVE: 2 display, press Enter key.

All registers ar e cleared when t he UNSAVE menu item is NOT present

in the Save & Print key menu.

2 Now, sup pose in t he pr evious st ep (2) you wa nt ed to leave register 1 a lone,

but you wa nt to delete register 2. Per form th e following steps:

a. At t he UNSAVE: 1 display, press key.

UNSAVE: 2 is displayed.

b. Press Enter key to delete r egister 2.

Chapter 2 Operating Your Universal CounterUsing the Print Menu

Using the Pr int Menu

Overview of the P rint Menu

The Pr int m enu allows you t o:

• en a ble or d isa ble pr in t in g (PRINT: OFF or ON ).

• get h elp on h ow t o p rin t (PRINT HELP ?).

Save &Print

Local




2

To Use the P rint Menu1 Press Save & Print key until PRINT: is displayed.

2 If PRINT: OFF is displayed, press a ny one of the a rr ow keys to toggle th e

next state.

PRINT: ON is displayed.

When PRINT is enabled, th e Coun ter displays and pr ints t he result s foreach mea surem ent . In add ition, if STATS: ON, all sta tistics (th at is,

sta nda rd deviat ion, mean , ma ximu m, and minim um ) will be printed.

NOTE Print ing may slow the upda te ra te of th e Count er becau se the Coun ter

ma y have to wait for th e printer.

3 Press Save & Print key.

PRINT HELP ? is displayed.

4 Press Enter key.

The instr uction “CONFIGURE PORT ON UTILITY MENU; REMEMBER TO

SAVE SETUP FIRST ” is displayed.

5 Save your cur rent setup a s shown in the section t itled “To Use th e Save

Function .”

6 Refer t o the section in th is cha pter titled “To Configure th e RS-232 Seria l

Port for Pr inting” for inform at ion on h ow t o configure a nd conn ect t he

Count er to a print er.

Chapter 2 Operating Your Universal CounterUsing the Utility Menu

Using th e Ut ility Menu

Overview o f the Uti l i ty Men u

The Ut ility men u is a ccessed by holding th e Recal l key a nd cycling

POWER key.

The Ut ility m enu allows you to:

RecallUtility Menu:Hold at power up

Utility

POWER




2 • view the firmware revision of your Counter (REV: n ).• select and/or d isplay the cur rent HP-IB address (HP-IB: 1, ... 30, or

TALK).

• choose t imebase sou rce (TIMEBAS: AUTO, IN T, or EXT).

• execute several self tes ts (refer to the paragraph in this section t i t led

“To Run t he Self-Test Routin es” for det a ils).

• configure the following parameters for t he RS-232 port:– set th e pr in t ba ud r at e (BAUD: 9600, 19200, 300, 1200, or 2400).

– set pr int pa rit y (PARITY: OFF , EVEN , or OD D ).

– s et t he soft wa r e p ace (SW PACE: XON or NONE).

– set the hardware pace to send data to a serial pr inter , or to send

th e Limit-detect out put to a comput er or cont roller, via t he

RS-232 port (DTR: HIGH , HW PACE , or LIMIT).

– chan ge the num erical convention of the Count er’s displayed

mea surem ent values. The num eric convention used in the USA

separa tes th e integral an d fra ctiona l port ions of a nu mber with a

period (a decimal point), an d separ at es groups of th ree digits in

th e integer port ion with a comm a. You can r everse th is setting to

conform to th e nu merical convention used in m an y oth er coun tr ies

(SHOW 9 AS: 9.0 or 9,0 ).

Ea rly revisions of the Count er a llowed calibrat ion from t he U tility menu

with CAL: menu item. Calibrat ion a nd t he CAL: menu item n ow reside on

th e Calibra tion menu; the CAL HE LP? menu item resides on th e Utility

menu a s a pointer to the Calibration m enu.


To Set the HP -IB Addres s

Ea ch device on t he HP -IB must ha ve a unique addr ess. You can set t he

Count er’s a ddress t o any value between 0 an d 30. The addr ess is set t o “3”when t he Coun ter is shipped from th e factory.

Select ing Opera t ing Mode (Ta lk/Lis ten, Ta lk-Only)

The Coun ter h as t wo HP -IB operat ing modes:

• Addressed (talk/listen)—This mode is for bi-directionalcomm unication. The Coun ter can receive comm an ds an d setu ps from




2

the computer, an d can send dat a an d measurement results.To select the talk/l isten operatin g mod e, set the Counte r’sHP-IB ad dress from 0 to 30. Refer to t he following su b-section tit led“Sett ing the H P-IB Address” for in str uctions on h ow t o select a nHP -IB addr ess from th e front pa nel.

• Talk-only—In this mode, the Counter can send data to a printer .It can not receive comm an ds or setu ps from the compu ter .

To select the ta lk-only ope rating mo de, set the Coun ter’sHP -IB m ode to “TALK”. Refer t o th e section t itled “To Select t heHP -IB Talk-Only Mode for Prin tin g” for inst ru ctions on how t o selecttalk-only operating mode.

Set t in g the HP-IB Add ress

1 Press an d hold Recall (Util ity) key, th en cycle POWER key.

REV: n is displayed; where “n” represents the numeric firmware revisioncode.

2 Press Recall (Utility) key unt il HP-IB: is displayed.

HP-IB: 3 is displayed, for exam ple.

3 To set t he a ddress t o 15 (for exam ple), use th e appr opriat e ar row keys toenter t he value 15, then press Enter key.


The addr ess is now stored in non-volatile memory, an d does not changewhen power ha s been off or a fter a r emote interface reset.


To Choo se the Timebase So urce

1 Press a nd hold Recall (Utility) key, th en cycle POWER key.

2 Press Recall (Utility) key un til TIMEBAS: is displayed.

3 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys u nt il desired choice (th at is, AUTO , INT , or

EXT ) is displa yed.

To Run th e S elf-Test Routine s




2 Overview of the S elf-Test Rout inesThe Ut ility men u in cludes t he following thr ee self-test menu items:

• TEST LOOP:

• TST PRINT:

• TEST:

The Count er includes several self-tests. Some self test s ar e perform ed atth e poweru p of th e Coun ter . Some of th ese self test s can a lso be invoked

from th e Ut ility menu. Oth er t ests can a lso be invoked from t he Ut ility

menu , but a slightly different test is perform ed. For example, a powerup

self test might work r egardless of connections t o th e input s while a Ut ility

men u self test m ay r equire a specific signal t o be conn ected. Some self test s

can only be invoked from th e Ut ility men u, for exam ple, th e keypad t est.

You can specify th at t he t ests should loop forever (TEST LOOP: ON orOFF ) or u nt il any key is pressed.

You can also specify tha t failure m essages be sent t o a print er, th e RS-232,

an d th e HP -IB—if in t alk-only (TST PRINT: ON or OFF ).


There a re 13 choices for t he TEST: menu item. They are listed a nd

described in t he following t ext.

TEST: ALL? — run all tests, except display, keypad an d printer tests.

DISP? — illumin at e th e indicat ors and vacuum -fluorescent

display (VFD) segment s. Note, this t est is not available

if TEST LOOP: is ON . TEST LOOP: m ust be OFF.

CPU? — test processor(s).

ROM? — checksum the ROM.




2 RAM? — test RAM.

EEPROM? — checksum t he E EP ROM, which is used for n on-volatile

memory.

HP-IB? — test HP-IB chip.

QSPI? — test serial har dware contr ol loops.

FPGA? — internally measure th e timebase to test count

circuitry.

FR END? — check front end circuits, eith er by swinging tr igger

levels (dur ing power on test an d ALL test ) or a sking

you t o connect the t imebase output to chan nels 1 and 2

using a BNC-T conn ector t o split th e signal.

MEAS? — mak e a measurement , either by swinging trigger

levels (dur ing power on test an d ALL test ) or a sking

you t o conn ect t he t imebase out put to cha nn el 1.

INTERP? — test interpolators .

KEYPAD? — request user to press all keys. Note, this test is n ot

available if TEST LOOP: is ON . TEST LOOP: m ust beOFF.

PRINT? — send three test lines to a printer via the RS-232. If in

ta lk-only, also send t hr ee test lines to a print er via th e

HP-IB.


Exam ple Pr ocedu re for R unnin g t he Se l f Tes t


2 Press Recall (Utility) key un til TEST: is displayed.

3 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys to select t he desired men u choice in t he

menu item (for exam ple, th e ALL? menu choice).

4 Press Enter key to start t he test.




2 5 If you a re a sked t o do something, press Enter key when you h avecompleted th e requested ta sk.

A pass or fail mess age will be displayed.

To Con figure the RS-232 Se rial Port for Printin g

Softwar e pacing, bau d ra te, par ity, dat a bits, an d stop bits pa ra met ers for

each port ar e u ser-selecta ble and independent of configura tion of theother.

The ta ble below lists t he configur at ion factory-default va lues for t he

RS-232 port .

1 When parity is EVEN or ODD, data bits are fixed at 7. When parity is NONE, data bits are fixed at 8.

Parameter Default Possible Choices

Software Pacing XON XON or NONE

Baud Rate 9600 300, 1200, 2400, 9600, or 19200

Parity NONE EVEN or ODD1 NONE

Data Bits 8 FIXED at 7 FIXED at 8

Stop Bits 1 FIXED

Full Duplex ON ON or OFF

DTR HIGH PACE, HIGH, LIMIT


Configuring th e RS-232 serial port for pr inting r equires th at you:

• set the hardware pacing in the DTR (Data Terminal Ready) menu item,

• turn PRINT:ON in th e SAVE&PRINT men u,

• set t h e ba u d r a t e in t h e BAU D m en u it em ,

• set the par i ty type in the PARITY menu item, and

• set the software pacing in the SW PACE menu item.

Se t t ing the Hard wa re Pac ing

1 P d h ld R ll (Util it ) k h l POWER k




21 Press an d hold Recall (Util ity) key, th en cycle POWER key.

2 Press Recall (Utility) key unt il DTR: is displayed.

3 Press a ny one of th e arr ow keys until th e desired ha rdwar e pacing is

displayed.

NOTE • Choose HW PACE to use t he DTR line for pa cing.(CAUTION: You

should only choose th is opt ion i f your printer and cable

support DTR handshaking.)

• Choose HIGH to disable ha rdwar e pacing.

The Count er’s ta lk-only RS-232 port is n ow set to be th e driver for a

RS-232 serial prin ter . The har dwar e pacing choice is stored in non-volatile

memory, an d does not cha nge when power ha s been off or after a remoteinterface reset.

Se t t ing the Baud Ra t e

You can select one of five baud ra tes for RS-232 opera tion. The r at e is set

to 9600 baud wh en t he Coun ter is shipped from th e factory.

1 Press Recall (Utility) key unt il BAUD: is displayed.

2 Press a ny one of th e arr ow keys unt il th e desired baud ra te is displayed.

The baud ra te is stored in non-volatile memory, an d does not cha nge when

power h as been off or a fter a remote int erface reset.


Se t t ing the Par i t y

You can select th e par ity for RS-232 oper at ion. The Coun t er is configur ed

for pa rit y off when sh ipped from th e factory.

1 Press Recall (Utility) key un til PARITY: is displayed.

2 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til the desired pa rity is displayed.

The pa rit y choice is st ored in non-volatile memory, an d does not change

when power ha s been off or a fter a remote int erface reset.




2 Se t t ing the Softwa re Pa ce

You can select t he s oftwar e pace for RS-232 opera tion.

1 Press Recall (Utility) key un til SW PACE: is displayed.

2 Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til th e desired softwa re pa cing is

displayed.

The s oftwa re pa cing choice is st ored in non-volatile memory, an d does not

cha nge when power has been off or a fter a r emote inter face reset.


To Configure the RS-232 Serial Port for Sendin g

Limit-Dete ct Outpu t

NOTE If you cycle power, you will lose everyt hin g except sa ved mea sur emen t

setups an d special par am eters stored in non-volatile memory; th erefore,

ma ke sur e you use t he Save fun ction of th e Coun ter t o reta in th e

measu remen t set up pr ior t o powering down to set up t he Limit-Detect

Out put line (pin 4) of RS-232 seria l connector. Refer t o th e appr opriat e

section in th is cha pter for details on how to use Sa ve and Recall.

1 To use the Limit detect output from the serial port perform the following




21 To use the Limit-detect output from the serial port, perform the following

steps:

a. Save your measurement setup t hat includes your Limit Testing

choices, by simply pressin g th e Save & Print key until

SAVE: 1 is displayed, then Enter key to save to register 1.

b. Turn off the Coun ter .

c. Press a nd hold Recall (Utility) key, th en press POWER key.

d. Press Recall (Util ity) key un til DTR: is displayed.

e . Pr ess an y one of th e ar row keys un til DTR: LIMIT is displayed.

2 Press Run key.

3 Press Recall (Utility) key un til RECALL 1 is displayed, then wait a few

seconds to recall the mea sur ement setu p saved in register 1.

Since your mea sur ement setu p included your sett ings for u pper a nd lower

limits, an d LIM TEST: was set to ON , the Count er is n ow set for limit

test ing with th e Limit-detect output .

If a mea sur ement drifts out of th e user-entered limits, the Limit

an nu nciat or in th e display will light . Also, pin 4 on th e RS-232 conn ector

will cha nge s ta te (to a low-volta ge RS-232 level) to flag ea ch tim e amea sur emen t dr ifts out of th e limit s. (RS-232 volta ge levels swing

from ±12V.)


To Select the Nume rical Convention for the Display


2 Press Recall (Utility) key un til SHOW 9 AS: is displayed.

3 Pr ess a ny one of the a rr ow keys un til your menu choice is displayed.

If you choose SHOW 9 AS: 9.0 , th e Coun ter will display a frequency

measurement similar to 12.0000000001 MHz , for exam ple. Note tha t t he

integral portion (12) is separated from the fractional portion of the

num ber by a period (or decima l point ) This n um erical convent ion is u sed




2 num ber by a period (or decima l point ). This n um erical convent ion is u sedin the US A.

If you choose SHOW 9 AS: 9,0 , th e Coun ter will display a frequency

measurement similar to 12,0000000001 MHz , for exam ple. Note tha t t he

integral portion (12) is separated from the fractional portion of the

num ber by a comma. This num erical convention is used in m an y oth er

countries.

Your n um erical convent ion choice for t he disp lay is st ored in non-volatile

memory, an d does not cha nge when power ha s been off or a fter a r emote

interface reset.

To Conn ect the Counter to a Serial Printer via the

RS-232 Po rt

The RS-232 port on th e Coun ter ’s r ear pan el is a 9-pin conn ector (DB-9,ma le conn ector). You can connect t he Count er t o any print er with a

properly configured DTE conn ector (DB-25). You can u se a st an dar d

HP 24542G or 24542H interface cable.

Connect t he Count er t o a t ermina l or pr inter by simply insta lling an

RS-232 cable (such as a n AT Prin ter Cable—HP P /N 24542H cable)

between th e units.


Using the Utility Menu

To Conn ect the Counter to a P rinter via HP-IB

You can conn ect t he Counter to a pr inter via H P-IB eith er with or with out

a compu ter. If you conn ect a compu ter, you can opera te t he prin ter un derprogra m cont rol. In the a bsence of a comput er, the Count er, when in ta lk-

only, becomes th e cont roller for th e prin ter .

To Sele ct the HP -IB Talk-Only Mode for Printin g

1 Press a nd hold Recall (Util ity) key, th en cycle POWER key.

2 Press Recall (Utility) key unt il HP-IB: is displayed.




23 To set t he HP -IB to talk-only, press t he a ppropriate a rrow keys unt il

HP-IB: TALK is displayed.

The TALK choice follows 30 a nd precedes 0 in th e set of choices for th e

HP-IB menu item.


The ta lk-only opera tin g mode is now st ored in non-volatile memory, an d

does not change when power ha s been off or a fter a r emote interface reset.




Using the Calibration Menu

2

• view the calibration count, which indicates the number of t imes that

th e Count er ha s been calibra ted (CAL COUN T?). The calibra tion

coun t in cremen ts u p to a m aximum of 32,767 after which it wra ps

ar oun d to 1. A calibrat ion coun t of 0 indicat es th at th e Coun ter iscomplet ely uncalibra ted. (The calibra tion coun t is un affected by

interpolator calibrat ion.)

• get Help (HELP:) with a ny of the following:

– h ow t o ca libr at e (CAL?),

– h ow t o secu re (SECURE?), an d

– how to change the code (CODE?)




2

NOTE A good pr ecau tion is to use an HP -IB program (see the progra mm ing

example titled “To Read a nd St ore Calibrat ion Da ta ” in Cha pter 3 of the

Programm ing Guide) to read a nd st ore t he calibration factors prior t o

initiating a ny calibrat ion.

To View the Calibrat ion Menu an d Secu rity StatusThe Calibra tion men u is a ccessed by holding th e Sca le & Offset key an d

cycling the POWER key. The first it em in t he Calibrat ion m enu is a

message indicat ing the calibra tion secur ity stat us: CAL SECURE or

CAL UNSECURE .

To Unse cure for Calibration

1 Press an d hold Sca le & Offset key, th en cycle POWER key.

CAL SECURE is displayed.

If CAL UNSECURE is displayed, th en th e Count er is already un secur ed

for calibra tion, an d th e rema ining steps a re n ot a pplicable.

2 Press Sca le & Offset key until CODE: is displayed.

3 Press t he appr opriat e arr ow keys to enter t he secur ity code, then press

Enter key.

CAL UNSECURE is displayed.



2

To Init iate the Calibration Rou tines

1 Press a nd hold Sca le & Offset key, th en cycle POWER key.

2 Unsecure for calibration by performing the preceding procedure.

3 Press Sca le & Offset key until CAL: OFFS1? is displayed.

4 Pr ess a ny one of the a rrow keys unt il your calibrat ion choice (that is,CAL: OFFS2? , CAL: GAIN 1? , CAL: GAIN 2? , CAL: TI QUIK? ,CAL: TI FINE? , or CAL: TIMEBAS? ) is displa yed.

Note tha t t he tim ebase choice (CAL: TIMEBAS?) only appear s when aTi b O i i i ll d




2

Timebase Option is insta lled.

CAL:TI QUIK? and CAL:TI FINE? ar e two different ways t o calibrat eout th e differences in electr ical pat h length between Chan nel 1 an dChan nel 2. When you pr ovide th e calibrat ion signal, the inst rum entmeasu res how th e difference in pat h length tr an slates to an avera ge delaybetween th e two chann els.

The Quick Time Int erval Calibration requires a s imple inpu t signal.You provide on Cha nn el 1 a clean squa re wave with a r apid rise time andan a pproximat e frequency of 10 MHz. The inst ru men t routes t hecalibrat ion signal in COMMON to both cha nnels 1 an d 2, an d mea suresth e avera ge delay between th e two cha nn els so configur ed. The advant ageof the Qu ick Ca librat ion is t ha t it is eas y, quick, an d requires litt le specialequipment . The disadvant age is tha t t he calibrat ion ter m is best fit for

TI measur ements configured COMMON an d measu red from rising torising edge; it leaves u ncorr ected a sma ll systemat ic err or for all otherconfigura tions. The F ine Time Inter val Calibrat ion m inimizes systema ticerror by calibrat ing the inst ru ment in each configura tion.

The Fine Time Int erval Calibration requires a s pecial calibrat or signalsource to pr ovide inpu t—becau se it produces eight calibra tion ter ms, each

tailored to a different combination of input conditions. It requires the

synthesizer driving th e calibrat or t o produce a very accur at e 10 MHz

waveform —becaus e it calibra tes t he pu lse width configurat ion a gainst th e

50-nanosecond pulse width so provided. It minimizes systematic error by

calibrat ing th e instr um ent in each of th e eight configura tions: falling to

falling edges, falling to rising edges, etc., an d both SE PARATE a nd

COMMON routing.



2

5 Press Enter key to display the setu p instr uctions.

Notes Per ta ini ng t o the CAL: TI QUIK?

Advantage: Calibra tion signal is simple.

Disadvantage: One corr ection ter m for all slope an d rout ingconfigurations.

Input signal: clean squa re wave, fast r ise time, appr oxima tely 10 MHz,1 volt peak-to-peak , no dc offset (oscillat ing about 0.0 volts), driving 50Ω.

Timebase: Any exter na l timebase you pr ovide is ignored du ringcalibration.




2

Procedure: Fr om t he front -pan el calibrat ion m enu, one keypressinvokes t he calibrat ion.

Notes Per ta ini ng to th e CAL: TI FINE?

Advantage: Calibration minimizes systema tic error for a ny

supported combinat ion of inpu t slope an d r out ing.

Disadvantage: Calibra tion signa l is more complex. If you perform acalibration th at you feel is erroneous a nd do not feel you can performth e fine calibration, perform the CAL: TI Q UIK? calibration in stead,or restore the calibration factors that you saved prior to starting.

Equipment: HP 8130A Pu lse Generat or or equivalent.HP 59992A J 06 Time Int erval Calibra tor or equivalent .

Equipment and Counter Setup: See Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4. Calibration Setup for CAL: TI FINE?

HP 53131A/132ACounter

1 2 3 4

In A B

HP 59992A J06Time Interval Calibrator

Start Stop

HP 8130APulse Generator

Output



2

Out of HP 8130A, into HP 59992A J06 Calibrator Sig na l:

PERIOD: 100 ns

WIDTH: 50 nsHigh: 0.50 V Low: −0.50 V

Input Mode: Norma l

Timebase: Any extern al t imebase you provide is ignored du ring

calibration.

Procedure: Fr om t he front -pan el calibrat ion m enu, one keypress

invokes th e calibrat ion. You a re pr ompt ed to press but tons on th eHP 59992A J 06 Calibrat or for each par t of a four-par t calibra tion




HP 59992A J 06 Calibrat or for each par t of a four-par t calibra tion.

Note tha t CAL: TI FINE? requ ires t he complet ion of four st eps in

order.

To Secu re Against Calibrat ion


CAL UNSECURE is displayed. If CAL SECURE is displayed, th en th e

Count er is already secur ed against calibra tion and th e rema ining steps

ar e not a pplicable.


3 Pr ess th e appropriate a rr ow keys to ent er th e secur ity code, th en pressEnter key.

CAL SECURE is displayed.



2

To Chan ge to a New Secu rity Code


2 Unsecure for calibrat ion by t he u sing th e procedure described in t he

section t itled “To Un secure for Ca librat ion .”


4 Press t he appr opriat e arr ow keys to enter t he new or cust omized secur ity

code, then pr ess Enter key.

A scrolling message will app ear , indicat ing wha t t he n ew code is.




For example, the Count er displays the NEW CODE IS 5 if you entered “5”

as t he n ew code.

To View the Calibrat ion Coun t


2 Press Sca le & Offset key until CAL COUNT? is displayed.

3 Press a ny one of the en tr y keys (ar row, +/ −, Enter) to have a scrolling

message appear , indicat ing what th e calibrat ion coun t is.

Your Count er wa s calibrat ed before it left t he factory. When you receive

your Coun ter, rea d th e calibrat ion count to determin e its initial value.

To Get He lp With the Calibration Men u


2 Press Sca le & Offset key until HELP: CAL? is displayed.

3 Press a ny one of the a rr ow keys unt il your help choice (that is,

HELP: CAL? , HELP: SECURE? , HELP: CODE? ) is displayed.

4 Press Enter key to display the help inform at ion.


Front Panel Display Messages

2

Fr ont Pa nel Display Messages

Ther e ar e four types of displays:

• Me as ur em en t Res ult Disp la ys

• Power -Up/Self Tes t M essages

• Men u Messa ges

• H P-IB Messa ges

Measu remen t Result Displays




Measu remen t Result Displays

1 If this condition recurs, your Counter may need servicing.

Table 2-4. Measurement Result Displays

Display Me ssage P robable Cause

NEW TIMEBASE You have selected the auto reference mode (TIMEBAS: AUTO ) and the Counter

detected that the external reference became invalid during the measurement.

Therefore, the current result is not valid, and the Counter switches to using theinternal reference.

NO TIMEBASE You have selected external reference (TIMEBAS: EXT ) and there is no externalreference applied to the rear-panel Ref In connector, or the external signal is not

an allowed frequency.

1INTERP FAIL Interpolator calibration failed on the last measurement; therefore, no valid

measurement was taken.

1MEAS FAIL A measurement calibration failed on the last measurement.

DOING STATS You have chosen to see a statistics result and the Counter is calculating

statistics, but does not have valid statistics results yet.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ There is no valid measurement available to display. The Counter may be stopped

between measurements while in Single mode, and you need to press theStop/Single key; or trigger level or input conditioning may need adjustment.



2

Po w er-Up/Self Test Messa ges

The following sequence occur s when you tu rn on the Coun ter :

1. All of the vacuum-fluorescent display segments and t he indicators

(or LEDs) ar e illum inat ed for th e power-up test.

2. I f a ll t es t s p as s: SELFTST: PASS will be displayed (See N OTE below).

3. HP-IB AT X will be momenta rily displayed (where X represen ts th e

HP-IB address number), then th e Count er will star t t aking

measur ements. (Note: Ea rlier versions of the Counter do not display

the HP-IB address.)

NOTE If th ere is a failure each t est t hat fails will display a failure m essage and




NOTE If th ere is a failure, each t est t hat fails will display a failure m essage, and

SELFTST: FAIL will be displayed. You m ust pres s an y key in order for t he

Coun ter to go on.

Possible individual failure m essages a re:

FAIL: DISP display t estFAIL:CPU processor tes t

FAIL: ROM ROM test

FAIL:RAM RAM t est

FAIL: EEPROM EEP ROM test

FAIL: HP-IB HP-IB hardware test

FAIL: QSPI serial ha rdwa re loops test

FAIL: FPGA count circuit test

FAIL: FR END front end t estFAIL: MEAS measurement test

FAIL: INTERP interpolator test

In a ddition, th e following power-up m essa ge ma y be displayed:

UNCALIBRATED

This mean s th at at least one type of calibrat ion ha s NOT been perform ed.



2

Men u Messa ges

Table 2-5. Menu Messages

Display Me ss age De scription

(AC COUPLED) You have selected the VOLT PEAKS function to be measured on a channel whichis ac coupled.

BAD CODE The Counter’s calibration is secured and you have entered an incorrect code.

CAL ABORTED Calibration was aborted because of HP-IB or the user pressing a key besides theEnter key.

CAL SECURE You are in the Calibration menu, and the first menu item indicates that theCounter is secure against calibration.




CAL UNSECURE You are in the Calibration menu, and the first menu item indicates that the

Counter is unsecure for calibration.

CALIBRATING You have invoked calibration from the Calibration menu item CAL: , and theCounter is currently performing the calibration.

1EEPROM FAIL You have requested that a Counter setting which is stored in the EEPROM

(HP-IB: , BAUD: , PARITY: , SW PACE: , DTR: , SHOW 9 AS: , or CAL: ) beupdated, and a hardware failure has resulted.

GAIN 1 FAIL You have invoked the GAIN 1 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: , and

the calibration failed.

GAIN 1 PASS You have invoked the GAIN 1 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: , and

the calibration passed.

GAIN 2 FAIL You have invoked the GAIN 2 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: , and

the calibration failed.

GAIN 2 PASS You have invoked the GAIN 2 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: , and

the calibration passed.

IN REMOTE You have pressed a key (other than Local) while in remote.

LOCAL LCKOUT You have pressed the Local (Save & Print) key while in remote with local lockout.

OFFS 1 FAIL You have invoked the OFFS 1 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: ,

and the calibration failed.

OFFS 1 PASS You have invoked the OFFS 1 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: ,

and the calibration passed.



2

OFFS 2 FAIL You have invoked the OFFS 2 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: ,and the calibration failed.

OFFS 2 PASS You have invoked the OFFS 2 ? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: ,


NO GATE MENU You currently have the VOLT PEAKS function selected and requested the Gate &

Ext Arm menu.

NO LIM MENU You currently have the VOLT PEAKS or TOTALIZE function selected and

requested the Upper & Lower or Limit Modes menu.

NO MATH MENU You currently have the VOLT PEAKS or TOTALIZE function selected and

Table 2-5. Menu Messages (continued)

Display Me ssag e De scription




1 If this condition recurs, your Counter may need servicing.

y

requested the Scale & Offset menu.

NO REGISTERS There are no registers which can be recalled and you selected the Recall menu.

NO STAT MENU You currently have the VOLT PEAKS or TOTALIZE function selected and

requested the Stats menu.

NO TRIG MENU You currently have the VOLT PEAKS function selected and requested theTrigger/Sensitivity menu.

1RECALL FAIL You have requested the Counter to perform a recall (from the Recall menu) and ahardware failure has resulted.

1SAVE FAIL You have requested the Counter to perform a save (from the Save & Print menu)

and a hardware failure has resulted.

TB CAL FAIL You have invoked the TIMEBAS? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: ,

and the calibration failed.TB CAL PASS You have invoked the TIMEBAS? choice from the Calibration menu item CAL: ,


TI CAL FAIL You have invoked the TI QUIK? or TI FINE? choice from the Calibration menu

item CAL: , and the calibration failed.

TI CAL PASS You have invoked the TI QUIK? or TI FINE? choice from the Calibration menu

item CAL: , and the calibration passed.



2

HP-IB Messages

1 +nnnn and −nnn represent HP-IB error code numbers that would actually be displayed.

Table 2-6. HP-IB Messages

Display Me ss age De scription

1HP-IB +nnnn You have generated the HP-IB error corresponding to the indicated error number.Refer to Chapter 5, “Errors,” in the Programming Guide for a list of the error

descriptions.

1HP-IB −nnn You have generated the HP-IB error corresponding to the indicated error number.Refer to Chapter 5, “Errors,” in the Programming Guide for a list of the error

descriptions.





Preset Values After Power-Up and *RST

2

Preset Values After P ower-Up an d *RST

This section provides separa te preset value lists for t he HP 53131A an d

th e HP 53132A with a serial nu mber pr efix below 3646 (Table 2-7A) an d

HP 53132A with a serial nu mber pr efix of 3646 an d above (Table 2-7B) t o

ma ke it easy for you to different iate from t he coun ters, wh ich ha ve

different ar ming capa bilities for t he Time Inter val measu remen ts.

This section cont ains th e following preset valu e sections or t ables:

• HP 53131A (and HP 53132As with serial num ber prefixes below 3646 )

Pr eset Values for F un ctions Accessible Via Fr ont Pa nel or HP -IB,

starts on page 2-79.




p g

• HP 53132A (with serial nu m ber prefixes 3646 and above) Pr eset

Values for F un ctions Accessible Via Fr ont P an el or H P-IB, starts on

page 2-85.

• H P 53131A/132A (all HP 53131As and HP 53132As) Preset Values for

Fu nctions Accessible Via H P-IB Only, starts on page 2-91.



2

HP 53131A (and HP 53132A With S/N Pref ix Below

3646) Preset Values for Func t ions Accessible Via Front

Pa ne l or HP-IB

Table 2-7A lists preset values for th e HP 53131A (and th e HP 53132A

with s eria l num ber pr efix below 3646).

Table 2-7A. HP 53131A (and HP 53132A With S/N Prefix Below 3646) Preset Values

Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory

Function-Select Parameters

M f i FREQ1 FREQ1




Measurement funct ion yes FREQ1 FREQ1 no

Frequency, Period, and Ratio

Arming Parameters

Frequency arm yes ________ TIME no

Frequency star t arm yes IMMedia te ________ no

Frequency stop arm yes TIMer ________ no

Frequency stop a rm digits yes 4 4 no

Frequency gate t ime yes 100.E-3s 100.E-3s no

Frequency ext sta r t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Frequency ext stop arm yes ________ AUTO no

Totalize Arming Parameters

Tota lize arm yes ________ TIME no

Tota lize sta r t arm yes IMMedia te ________ no

Tota lize stop arm yes TIMer ________ no

Tota lize ga te t ime yes 100.E-3s 100.E-3s no

Tota lize ext st ar t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Tota lize ext stop arm yes ________ EDGE no



2

Phase Arming Parameters

Phase arm yes IMMedia te AUTO no

Phase ext sta r t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Time Interval, Rise, Fall, Pulse,

Dutycycle Arming Parameters

Time Interval a rm yes ________ AUTO no

Time In terval sta r t a rm yes IMMedia te ________ no

Table 2-7A. HP 53131A (and HP 53132A With S/N Prefix Below 3646) Preset Values (continued)

Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




y ________

Time Interval ext star t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Time Interval Only Arming

Parameters

Time Interval delay enable yes ________ OFF no

Time Interval stop arm yes IMMedia te ________ no

Time In terval delay yes 10.E-3s 10.E-3s no

Input Coupling Parameters

Channel 1 input coupling yes AC AC no


Input Impedance ParametersChannel 1 inpu t impedance yes 1E+6 Ohms 1E+6 Ohms no

Channel 2 inpu t impedance yes 1E+6 Ohms 1E+6 Ohms no

Input Attenuation Parameters no

Channel 1 input at tenuat ion yes X1 X1 no




2

Display Parameters

Display blank no disabled disabled no

Display mode (resu lt /menu) no result s results no

Trigger Level Parameters

Channel 1 t r igger level (volts) yes 0.000V1 0.000V1 no


Channel 1 tr igger level (percen t) yes 50% 50% no


Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Channel 1 t r igger level (percen t) yes 50% 50% no


Trigger Slope Parameters

Channel 1 t r igger slope yes POS POS no


Sensitivity Parameters

Channel 1 sensit ivity yes 100% HIGH no


Input Routing Parameters

Input route for Time Interval yes SEPARATE SEPARATE no

Measurement ControlParameters

Run/Single select ion yes SINGLE RUN 2 no

Math Operation Parameters

Math on/off yes OFF OFF no

Scale yes 1.000000 1.000000 no

Offset yes 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 no



2

Limits Parameters

Limit t est on/off yes OFF OFF no

On fa il stop/go on yes GO ON GO ON no

Lower limit yes 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 no

Upper limit yes 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 no

Limit display number/graph yes NUMBER NUMBER no

Stats Parameters


Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Stats Parameters

Stat s on/off yes OFF OFF no

Stat s measurement count , N yes 100 100 no

Display measurement /st a ts yes MEAS MEAS no

Stat s use all/in limits yes USE ALL USE ALL no

On-single measurement count yes 1 (AUTO OFF) 1 (AUTO OFF) no

Print Parameters

Pr int ing on/off yes OFF OFF no

Timebase Parameters

Timebase auto/in terna l/external yes AUTO AUTO no

Expected Frequency Parameters

Channel 1 expected frequency no ________3 ________3 no





2

Auto-Frequency Parameters

Channel 1 auto-frequency on/off no ON ON no



Trigger Offset Cal Parameters

Channel 1 t r igger offset ca l no ________4 ________4 yes, (2048)

Channel 2 tr igger offset ca l no 4 4 yes, (2048)


Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Channel 2 t r igger offset ca l no ________ ________ yes, (2048)

Trigger Gain Cal Parameters

Channel 1 t r igger ga in ca l no ________4 ________4 yes, (1700)


Time Interval Offset CalParameters no ________4 ________4 yes, (2100)

Utility Menu Parameters

Option Timebase cal no ________4 ________4 yes, (2048)

HP-IB address no ________4 ________4 yes,(3)

Digit separa tor (radix) no ________

4

________

4yes,

(USA STYLE)Baud ra te, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes, (9600)

Parity, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes, (OFF )

Pacing, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes, (XON)

DTR, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes,

(DTR_HIGH)





2

HP 53132A (With S/N P refix 3646 and Above) Prese t

Values for Fun ct ions Accessible Via Front P ane l or

HP-IB

Table 2-7B lists preset values for th e HP 53132A (with serial num ber

prefix 3646 an d a bove).

Table 2-7B. HP 53132A (S/N 3646 and above) Preset Values

Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory

Function-Select Parameters

Measurement funct ion yes FREQ1 FREQ1 no




Frequency, Period, and Ratio

Arming Parameters

Frequency arm yes ________ TIME no

Frequency star t arm yes IMMedia te ________ no

Frequency stop arm yes TIMer ________ no

Frequency stop a rm digits yes 4 4 no

Frequency gate t ime yes 100.E-3s 100.E-3s no

Frequency ext sta r t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Frequency ext stop arm yes ________ AUTO no

Totalize Arming Parameters

Tota lize arm yes ________ TIME no

Tota lize sta r t arm yes IMMedia te ________ no

Tota lize stop arm yes TIMer ________ no

Tota lize ga te t ime yes 100.E-3s 100.E-3s no

Tota lize ext st ar t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Tota lize ext stop arm yes ________ EDGE no



2

Phase Arming Parameters

Phase arm yes IMMedia te AUTO no

Phase ext sta r t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Pulse, Rise, Fall, Dutycycle

Arming Parameters

Pulse Arming Parameters

Pulse st ar t a rm yes IMMedia te AUTO no

l l

Table 2-7B. HP 53132A (S/N 3646 and above) Preset Values (continued)

Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Pulse ext sta r t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Time Interval Arming

Parameters

Time In terval sta r t a rm yes IMMedia te AUTO no

Time Interval ext star t a rm slope yes POS POS no

Time In terval sta r t a rm delay yes IMMedia te NONE no

Time Interval start arm delay

time

yes 100 E-9s 100 E-9s no

Time Interval start arm delay

events

yes 1 1 no

Time In terval stop a rm yes IMMedia te AUTO no

Time Interval ext stop arm slope yes POS POS no

Time In terval stop a rm delay yes IMMedia te NONE no

Time Interval stop ar m delay

time

yes 100 E-9s 100 E-9s no

Time Interval stop ar m delay

events

yes 1 1 no

Input Coupling Parameters





2

Input Impedance Parameters

Channel 1 input impedance yes 1E+6 Ohms 1E+6 Ohms no

Channel 2 input impedance yes 1E+6 Ohms 1E+6 Ohms no

Input Attenuation Parameters no



Display Parameters


Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Display blank no disabled disabled no

Display mode (resu lt /menu) no result s results no

Trigger Level Parameters





Trigger Slope Parameters



Sensitivity Parameters



Input Routing Parameters

Input route for Time Interval yes SEPARATE SEPARATE noMeasurement ControlParameters

Run/Single select ion yes SINGLE RUN 2 no



2

Math Operation Parameters

Math on/off yes OFF OFF no

Scale yes 1.000000 1.000000 no

Offset yes 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 no

Limits Parameters

Limit t est on/off yes OFF OFF no

On fa il stop/go on yes GO ON GO ON no


Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Lower limit yes 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 no

Upper limit yes 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 no

Limit display number/graph yes NUMBER NUMBER no

Stats Parameters

Stat s on/off yes OFF OFF no

Stat s measurement count , N yes 100 100 no

Display measurement /st a ts yes MEAS MEAS no

Stat s use all/in limits yes USE ALL USE ALL no

On-single measurement count yes 1 (AUTO OFF) 1 (AUTO OFF) no

Print Parameters

Pr int ing on/off yes OFF OFF no

Timebase Parameters

Timebase auto/in terna l/external yes AUTO AUTO no

Expected Frequency Parameters

Channel 1 expected frequency no ________3

________3

noChannel 2 expected frequency no ________3 ________3 no




2

Auto-Frequency Parameters




Trigger Offset Cal Parameters




Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




Trigger Gain Cal Parameters



Time Interval Offset CalParameters no ________4 ________4 yes, (2100)

Utility Menu Parameters

Option Timebase cal no ________4 ________4 yes, (2048)

HP-IB address no ________4 ________4 yes, (3)

Digit separa tor (radix) no ________4 ________4yes, (USA

STYLE)

Baud ra te, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes, (9600)

Parity, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes, (OFF )

Pacing, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4 yes, (XON)

DTR, (RS-232) no ________4 ________4yes,

(DTR_HIGH)



2 1 At power-up, the trigger level is defaulted. The default value is shown in the table. The Counter retains thisvalue until the first auto-trigger cycle runs. Since the Counter powers up on Run mode with auto-trigger ON,the auto-trigger cycle runs almost immediately. The default value is overwritten by a measured result almostimmediately.

Calibration Security Parameters

Secure sta te no ________4 ________4 yes, (SECU RE)

Security code no ________4 ________4

yes, (53131 or

53132)

Calibra t ion count no ________4 ________4 yes, (0)


Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory




At *RST, the trigger level variable is defaulted. The default value is shown in the table. Same as for power-up,the Counter retains this value until the first auto-trigger cycle runs. However, on *RST, the Counter is set up inSingle mode, (not Run mode), with auto-trigger ON. The auto-trigger cycle runs only on initiation of ameasurement. The default value for the variable persists until overwritten by a measured result, but it may bea long time before you request a measurement; therefore, it may be a long time that the default valuepersists.

2 At power-up, you can bring up the Counter either in the Utility menu, or in the results display. The defaultbehavior of the Run/Single variable differs according to that choice.

When the Counter powers up in the result display, it powers up in Run mode and begins makingmeasurements immediately.

The Counter does not make measurements when the Utility menu is selected. (This is to reduce confusionwhile the user configures major attributes of the instrument.) When you power up on the Utility menu, theCounter is in Single. Upon exit of the Utility menu, the Counter transitions to Run automatically.

3 At *RST and at power-up, this value is undefined. The frequency-estimation routine, (“auto-frequency”routine), is enabled. When you select auto-frequency OFF, and provide a value, the variable takes on thatvalue.

4 Fundamental instrument settings are stored in non-volatile RAM. These settings persist even if the Counter ispowered down and back up again. They persist if the Counter is reset over HP-IB with *RST. You can changethese settings, and the changed value is stored so that it is unaffected if the Counter is powered down orreset over HP-IB with *RST.

The default values for these special features are indicated in the table. The default values are used whennew EPROMs are installed; they remain in effect until you overwrite them.

An example is the trigger calibration setting. Calibration values are defaulted until calibration is performed atthe factory. Another example is the RS-232 BAUD rate. BAUD rate is defaulted until you pick a different rate.



2

Pres et Values for Fun ct ions Access ible Via HP -IB Only

Table 2-8. HP 53131A/132A Preset Values—Accessible Via HP-IB Only

Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory

Arming Parameters

Frequency ext stop arm slope yes NEG NEG no

Tota lize ext stop arm slope yes NEG NEG no

Math, Limit Parameters

Math , limit -t est reca lcu late yes OFF ON no

Reset limit -test fail count on

INITi t ON ON




INITia te yes ON ON no

Statistics Parameters

Stat ist ics type yes MEAN MEAN no

Miscellaneous MeasurementParameters

Monitor external t imebase no TRUE TRUE no

Interpolator ca librat ion on/off no ON ON no

Status Reporting Parameters

Event sta tus enable no ________ 0 no

Service request enable no ________ 0 no

OSR enable no ________ 0 no

OSR negat ive t ransit ion filter no ________ 0 no

OSR posit ive t ransit ion filter no ________ 1809 no

QSR enable no ________ 0 no

QSR posit ive t ransit ion filter no ________ 18277 no

QSR negat ive t ransit ion filter no ________ 0 no

Error queue no ________ cleared no



2

Miscellaneous HP-IB Parameters

Response format yes ASCii ASCii no

Device t r igger defin it ion yes INIT INIT no

Macros no disabled disabled no

CONFigure? response no ________ undefined no

READ, FETCh funct ion memory no ________ ________ no

Table 2-8. HP 53131A/132A Preset Values—Accessible Via HP-IB Only (continued)

Descript ion

In

Save/Recall

Value at *RST

(HP-IB Reset)

Value at

Power-Up

In

Non-Volatile

Memory





Summary of the Measurement Sequence

2

Sum ma ry of th e Measu rement Sequence

Use Utility menu t o:

• choose the t imebase sou rce.

• configure the HP-IB if you intend to operate the Counter remotely.

• set RS-232 serial port if you intend for t he Counter to perform

print ing an d/or limit-detecting.

Use MEASURE menu keys to select t he mea sur ement fun ction.

Use CHANNELs 1 and 2 keys to set u p input conditioning.

Use Gate & ExtArm key to:




Use Gate & ExtArm key to:

• s et the ga te t ime and r esolu t ion .

• set a rming.

Use Sca le & Offset key to set up m at h opera tions.

Use Uppr & Low er key to set limits.

Use Limit Modes key to set u p limit testing.

Use Stats key to set up st at istics an d limit filter ing.

Use Save & Print key to enable or disable printing.

Use Run and Stop/Single keys to cont rol measur ement s.


Common Questions

2

Comm on Quest ions

Why is Stats result not ava i lable ye t?

Your Count er ha s not completed N mea sur ement s yet.

Why w on’t printe r wo rk?

Go to the Ut ility menu an d set up ser ial port .

Why did Counte r stop measu ring?• Did you set the Counter to s top on l imits?

• Are a ll measu rements ou t side the limit s ?




Why did Counter go to i ts default state a fter I set up

my RS -232 port?

• Did you save your s tat e before you cycled power?• Did you restore your s tate after configuring the port?

Counter’s n ume ric display does not fol low the

num erical convention for my coun try.

• Go to the Utili ty menu and change the numerical convention to be

displayed (use th e SHOW 9 AS: menu item).

How d o I display the 13th digit in my num erical resu lt?

• Use the Offset fea ture. Inst ruct ions appear on page 2-31 and

page 2-32 in th e section titled “Using th e MATH Menu Keys.”

3



Specifications



Chapter 3 Specifications

Instrument Inputs (Continued)

Instrum ent Inputs (Continu ed)

Channel 3 Input Specifications4, 5 Channel 3 Input Characteristics

Frequency Range

Option 030 100 MHz to 3 GHzOption 050 200MHz to 5 GHzOption 124 200 MHz to 12.4 GHz

Power Range and Sensitivity (Sinusoid)

Option 030100 MHz to 2.7 GHz: –27 dBm to +19 dBm2.7 GHz to 3 GHz: –21 dBm to +13 dBm

Option 050200 MHz to 5 GHz: –23 dBm to +13 dBm

Option 124200 MHz to 12.4 GHz –23 dBm to +13 dBm

Damage Level:

Option 030 5 VrmsOption 050 +25 dBmOption 124 +25 dBm

Impedance: 50 Ω

Coupling: ACVSWR: < 2.5:1



Operating Guide 3-3

3

4 Channel 3 is available as an option.

5 When ordered with optional rear terminals, the Channel 3 connector on the front panel for Option 030 will be routed to the rear panel (rearpanel only). There is no degradation in specifications for this input. Option 050 and Option 124 input connectors are available on the frontpanel only.

6 53131A—Applies to Serial Number Prefix 3710A and above.53132A—Applies to Serial Number Prefix 3546A and above.

Below these Serial Number Prefixes, the specification is :

High-level input: >3.0 VLow-level input: <1.5 V.

External Arm Input Specifications External Arm Input Characteristics

Signal Input Range:

TTL compatible6

Timing Restrictions:Pulse Width: > 50 nsTransition Time: < 250 nsStart- to-Stop Time: > 50 ns

Damage Level: 10 Vrms

Impedance: 1 kΩ

Input Capacitance: 17 pFStart Slope: Positive or NegativeStop Slope: Positive or Negative

Notes:

External Arm is available for all measurements except Peak Volts.

External Arm is referred to as External Gate for somemeasurements.


Time Base

Note that power to the time base is maintained when the counter is placed in standby via the front panel switch. The internal fan will continue tot d thi diti t i t i l t i t t li bilit

Time Bas e

Internal Time Base Stability

Standard(0° to 50°C)

Medium StabilityOven (Option 001)

High Stability Oven(Option 010)

Ultra High StabilityOven (Option 012)

Temperature Stability:

(referenced to 25°C) < 5 x 10 –6 < 2 x 10 –7 < 2.5 x 10 –9 < 2.5 x 10 –9

Aging Rate

(after 30 days)

Per Day:Per Month:Per Year:

< 3 x 10 –7< 4 x 10 –8

< 2 x 10 –7< 5 x 10 –10

< 1.5 x 10 –8< 1 x 10 –10

< 3 x 10 –9

< 2 x 10 –8

Turn-on stability vs. time:(in 30 minutes)

< 2 x 10

–7

(referenced to 2 hours) < 5 x 10

–9

(referenced to 24 hours) < 5 x 10

–9

(referenced to 24 hours)

Calibration: Manual Adjust Electronic Electronic Electronic



3-4 Operating Guide

3

operate under this condition, to maintain long-term instrument reliability.

External Time Base Input Specifications External Time Base Input Characteristics

Voltage Range: 200 mVrms to 10 VrmsDamage Level: 10 Vrms Threshold: 0 VImpedance: 1 kΩInput Capacitance: 23 pFFrequency (53131A): 1 MHz, 5 MHz or 10 MHz

(automatic selection)Frequency (53132A): 10 MHz

Internal vs. External Time Base Selection:

Manual: Select Internal or ExternalAutomatic: Internal used when External not present

(default)

Time Base Output Specifications

Output Frequency: 10 MHzVoltage: > 1 Vpp into 50 Ω

(centered around 0 V)


Measurement Specifications

Measurement Specif icat ions

Frequency, Period

Channel 1 and 2 Range: 0.1 Hz to 225 MHz 4.44 ns to 10 s

Channel 3 Range:

Option 030 100 MHz to 3 GHz 0.33 ns to 10 nsOption 050 200 MHz to 5 GHz 0.2 ns to 5 nsOption 124 200 MHz to 12.4 GHz 80 ps to 5 ns

(Period 2 or 3 selectable only via the HP-IB interface)

For Automatic or External Arming:

(and signals < 100 Hz using Timed Arming)

For Time or Digits Arming:

LSD Displayed:

RMS Resolution:

LSD Displayed:

RMS Resolution:

t re s

Gate Time ----------------------------

Frequency

or Period

×2 2 t re s ×

Gate Time Number or Samples ×-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t jit ter

Gate Time ----------------------------+

Frequency

or Period

×



Operating Guide 3-5

3

The following graphs may also be used to compute errors for Period Measurements. To find the Period error (∆P), calculate the frequency of the

input signal ( ) and find the frequency error (∆F) from the chart. Then, calculate the period error as:

HP 53131A HP 53132Atres tres

typical 650 ps 200 pssee graphs for worst case resolution performance

For Automatic Arming:

where N = 1 for Ch1 or Ch2 Frequency < 1 MHz4 for Ch1 or Ch2 Frequency > 1 MHz128 for Ch3

HP 53131A HP 53132Atres t jitter tres t jitter

typical 500 ps 50 ps 225 ps 3 pssee graphs for worst case resolution performance

Number of Samples = Gate Time x Frequency (Frequency < 200 kHz)Gate Time x 200,000 (Frequency > 200 kHz)

Systematic Uncertainty:

HP 53131A HP 53132Atacc tacc

typical 350 ps 100 psworst case 1.25 ns 500 ps

Trigger: Default setting is Auto Trigger at 50%

Systematic Uncertainty:

HP 53131A HP 53132Atacc tacc

typical 100 ps 10 psworst case 300 ps 100 ps

Trigger: Default setting is Auto Trigger at 50%

t re s 2

2 Trigger Error 2 ×( )+

Gate Time ----------------------------------------------------------------------

Frequency

or Period

×

Gate Time N

Frequency ----------------------------=

4 t re s 2

2 Trigger Error 2 ×+×

Gate Time Number or Samples ×-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t jit ter

Gate Time ----------------------------+

x Frequency

or Period

Time Base Error ±t ac c

Gate Time ----------------------±

Frequency

or Period

× Time Base Error ±t ac c

Gate Time ----------------------±

Frequency

or Period

×

F 1P ----= P ∆ F ∆F ------- P ×=


Measurement Specifications (Continued)

Measu remen t Specif icat ions (Continued)

HP 53131A—Worst Case RMS Resolution

Automatic or External Arming:

10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 1E+07 1E+08 1E+09 1E+101E-10

1E-8

1E-6

1E-4

1E-2

1E+00

1E+02

F r e q u e n c y E r r o r ( H z )

Auto Armed1ms

1s

10s

GateTime

10ms

100ms



3-6 Operating Guide

3

Time or Digit Arming:

The preceding graphs do not reflect the effects of trigger error. To place an upper bound on the added effect of this error term, determine thefrequency error from the appropriate graph and add a trigger error term as follows:

Automatic or External Arming Time or Digit Arming

10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 1E+07 1E+08 1E+09 1E+10

Input Frequency (Hz)

10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 1E+07 1E+08 1E+09 1E+10

Input Frequency

1E-10

1E-8

1E-6

1E-4

1E-2

1E+00

1E+02

F r e q u e n c

y E r r o r ( H z )

1ms

GateTime

10ms

100ms

1s

10s

Frequency Error 2 Trigger Error ×

Gate Time -----------------------------------------------

+

Frequency or

Period × Frequency Error

4 2 × Trigger Error ×Gate Time Number of Samples ×-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

Frequency or

Period ×



HP 53132A—Worst Case RMS Resolution

Automatic or External Arming:

Meas ureme nt Specif icat ions (Continu ed)

Auto Armed1ms

10ms

100ms

1s

10s

GateTime

F r e q u e n c y

E r r o r ( H z )

1E-10

1E-8

1E-6

1E-4

1E-2

1E+00

1E+02



Operating Guide 3-7

3 Time or Digit Arming:

The preceding graphs do not reflect the effects of trigger error. To place an upper bound on the added effect of this error term, determine thefrequency error from the appropriate graph and add a trigger error term as follows:

Time or Digit Arming Automatic or External Arming

10 100 1000 10000 100000


1000000 1E+07 1E+08 1E+09 1E+10

10 100 1000

1ms

10ms

100ms

1s

GateTime

10s

10000 100000


F r e q u e n

c y

E r r o r ( H z )

1000000 1E+07 1E+08 1E+09 1E+101E-10

1E-8

1E-6

1E-4

1E-2

1E+00

1E+02

Frequency Error 4 2 × Trigger Error ×

Gate Time Number of Samples ×-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

Frequency or

Period × Frequency Error

2 Trigger Error ×Gate Time

----------------------------------------------- +

Frequency or

Period ×



Frequency Measurement Example:

Given an HP 53132A with a High Stability Oven that was calibrated 3 days ago, measure a 15 MHz square wave signal (which has negligibletrigger error) with a 1 second gate time. Compute the measurement error to within 2-sigma confidence.


Measurement Error Systematic Uncertainty 2 RMS Resolution ×±=

Time Base Error ±t ac c

Gate Time ----------------------------±

2 4 t re s

2 2 Trigger Error

2 ×( )+×

Gate Time Number of Samples ×-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t jit ter

Gate Time ----------------------------+

×±

= Frequency ×

Number of Samples 200,000 since Frequency is greater than 200kHz and gate time equals 1 second =

Time Base Error Temperature Stability 3 Days Daily Aging Rate ×+=

2.5 10 9 –

3 5 10 10 –

×( )×+×=

4.0 10 9 –×=

Measurement Error 4.0 10 9 –×± 1 10

11–× s

1s ---------------------------±

2 4 225 10

12 –

s ×( )2

2 0 ×( )+×1s 200 000 ,×

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 10

12 –

s ×1s

---------------------------+

×±

15MHz ×=

4.0 ± 10 9 –× 2 2.01 10

12 –× 3 10 12 –×+( )×±( ) 15MHz ×=



3-8 Operating Guide

3Which is to say that the HP 53132A would display results in the range 15 MHz ±60.2 mHz. Note however that the dominant error is the TimeBase Error. If an even higher stability time base is available or if the instrument can be source locked to the 15 MHz signal, then this error termcan be substantially reduced. The measurement resolution under these conditions is ±75 µHz (1 sigma) which determines the number of digitsdisplayed.

( )( )

4.0 ± 10 9 –× 1 10

11–×±( ) 15MHz ×=

60.2 mHz ±=



Time Interval

Measurement is specified over the full signal ranges7

of Channels 1 and 2.

Results Range: –1 ns to 105 s

LSD:

RMS Resolution:

tres

Systematic Uncertainty: ±(Time Base Error × TI) ± Trigger Level Timing Error ± 1.5 ns Differential Channel Error (HP 53131A)± 900 ps Differential Channel Error (HP 53132A)

Time Interval Delay

After a Time Interval Measurement has begun by satisfying the trigger conditions on Channel 1, the instrument will wait for theuser-entered delay time to elapse before the end-of-measurement trigger will be accepted on Channel 2. Please refer to MeasurementArming for additional information.


53131A 53132A500 ps 150 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t re s 2

Start Trigger Error 2

Stop Trigger Error 2

+ +

53131A 53132A750 ps 300 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Operating Guide 3-9

3

Frequency Ratio:

Measurement is specified over the full signal range of each input.Results Range: 10 –10 to 1011

‘Auto’ Gate Time: 100 ms (or sufficient cycles on Channel 2 or 3 to make a valid measurement, whichever is longer)

LSD:

RMS Resolution:

To minimize relative phase measurement error, connect the higher frequency signal to Channel 1 when possible.

7

See Specifications for Pulse Width and Rise/Fall Time measurements for additional restrictions on signal timing characteristics.

Ch 1Ch 2 ⁄ Ch 1

Ch 3 ⁄ Ch 2 Ch 1 ⁄ Ch 3

Ch 1 ⁄

Ratio 12 ⁄ : 1

Ch2 Freq Gate Time ×----------------------------------------------------------- Ratio 13 ⁄ :

1

Ch3 Freq Gate Time ×-----------------------------------------------------------

Ratio 2 1 ⁄ :

Ch2 Freq

Ch1 Freq ( )2 Gate Time ×

------------------------------------------------------------------ Ratio 3 1 ⁄ :

Ch3 Freq


------------------------------------------------------------------

Ratio 12 ⁄ : 2 1 Ch1 Freq Ch2 Trigger Error ×( )2

+×Ch2 Freq Gate Time ×

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio 13 ⁄ : 2 1 Ch1 Freq Ch3 Trigger Error ×( )2

+×Ch3 Freq Gate Time ×

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ratio 2 1 ⁄ :

2 Ch2 Freq 1 Ch1 Freq Ch2 Trigger Error ×( )2 +××


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio 3 1 ⁄ :

2 Ch3 Freq × 1 Ch1 Freq Ch3 Trigger Error ×( )2 +×


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Pulse Width

Measurement is specified over the full signal range of Channel 1. The width of the opposing pulse must be greater than 4 ns (e.g., whenmeasuring the positive pulse width, the negative pulse width must be greater than 4 ns).Pulse Selection: Positive or NegativeTrigger: Default setting is Auto Trigger8 at 50%Results Range: 5 ns to 105 s

LSD:

RMS Resolution:

tresSystematic Uncertainty:

± (Time Base Error × Pulse Width) ± Trigger Level Timing Error ±1.5 ns Differential Channel Error (HP 53131A)± 900 ps Differential Channel Error (HP 53132A)

Rise/Fall Time

Measurement is specified over the full signal ranges of Channel 1 The interval between the end of one edge and start of a similar edge


53131A 53132A

500 ps 150 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t re s 2



+ +

53131A 53132A

750 ps 300 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




3

Measurement is specified over the full signal ranges of Channel 1. The interval between the end of one edge and start of a similar edgemust be greater than 4 ns. (e.g., when measuring a rising edge, 4 ns must elapse between the 90% point of one rising edge and the10% point of the next rising edge).Edge Selection: Positive or NegativeTrigger: Default setting is Auto Trigger8 at 10% and 90%Results Range: 5 ns to 105 s

LSD:

RMS Resolution:

tres

Systematic Uncertainty:± (Time Base Error × Transition Time) ± Trigger Level Timing Error ±1.5 ns Differential Channel Error (HP 53131A)

± 900 ps Differential Channel Error (HP 53132A)

Phase

Measurement is specified over the full signal range of Channels 1 and 2.Results Range: –180° to +360°

RMS Resolution:

tres

Systematic Uncertainty: (± Trigger Level Timing Error ± 1.5 ns Differential Channel Error) × Frequency (HP 53131A)(± Trigger Level Timing Error ± 900 ps Differential Channel Error) × Frequency (HP 53132A)

8 Restrictions noted on page 3-2 for Auto Trigger apply to the proper operation of these measurements. The Peak Volts measurement is used todetermine the signal amplitude and inaccuracies from this, noted on page 3-11, should be included in calculating the Trigger Level Timing Error.

53131A 53132A

500 ps 150 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t re s 2



+ +

53131A 53132A750 ps 300 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

t re s 2

2 Trigger Error 2 ×( )+( ) 1

Phase

360 °-----------------

2

+ × Frequency 360 °××

53131A 53132A750 ps 300 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Duty Cycle

Measurement is specified over the full signal range of Channel 1. However, both the positive and negative pulse widths must be greaterthan 4 ns.Results Range: 0 to 1 (e.g. 50% duty cycle would be displayed as .5)

RMS Resolution:

tres

Totalize

Measurement is specified over the full signal range of Channel 1.Results Range: 0 to 1015 Resolution: ± 1 count

Peak Volts

Measurement is specified on Channels 1 and 2 for DC signals; or for AC signals of frequencies between 100 Hz and 30 MHz with peak-to-k lit d t th 100 V (Th t ill ti t t t 225 MH th h lt f i di ti l )


t re s 2

2 Trigger Error 2 ×( )+( ) 1 Duty Cycle

2 +( )× Frequency ×

53131A 53132A750 ps 300 ps--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




3

peak amplitude greater than 100 mV. (The measurement will continue to operate up to 225 MHz, though results are for indication only.)Results Range: –5.1 V to +5.1 VResolution: 10 mV

Systematic Uncertainty for AC signals: 25 mV + 10% of Vfor DC signals: 25 mV + 2% of V

Use of the input attenuator multiplies all voltage specifications (input range, results range, resolution and systematic uncertainty) by anominal factor of 10. For example with AC signals, the Systematic Uncertainty becomes: 250 mV + 10% of V.


Measurement Definitions

Measurement Def init ions

Definitions of Systematic Uncertainty Terms

• Trigger Error

External source and input amplifier noise may advance or delay the trigger points that define the beginning and end of a measurement.The resulting timing uncertainty is a function of the slew rate of the signal and the amplitude of spurious noise spikes (relative to the inputhysteresis band).

The (rms) trigger error associated with a single trigger point is:

where

E input = RMS noise of the input amplifier: 1 mVrms (350 µVrms typical). Note that the internal measurement algorithms significantlyreduce the contribution of this term.

E signal = RMS noise of the input signal over a 225 MHz bandwidth (100 kHz bandwidth when the low-pass filter is enabled). Note thatthe filter may substantially degrade the signal’s slew rate at the input of the trigger comparator.

For two-trigger-point measurements (e.g. Rise Time, Pulse Width), the Trigger Errors will be referred to independently as Start Trigger Errorand Stop Trigger Error.

Trigger ErrorE input ( )2

E signal ( )2 +

Input Signal Slew Rate at Trigger Point -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(in seconds)=




3

p gg

• Trigger Level Timing Error

Trigger level timing error results from a deviation of the actual trigger level from the specified (indicated) level. The magnitude of themeasurement timing error depends on several factors, primarily: resolution and accuracy of the trigger level circuit, fidelity of the inputamplifier, slew rate of the input signal at the trigger point, and width of the input hysteresis band (see illustration).

Trigger level timing error is associated with Time Interval, Pulse Width, Rise Time, Fall Time, Phase, and Duty Cycle measurements.The following equations define the general interpretation of its component error terms for a measurement. These should be summedtogether to obtain the overall Trigger Level Timing Error.

Upper Hystersis Limit

Trigger Level Setting

Lower Hystersis Limit

Actual Trigger Point:

Slope

Trigger Level Timing Errors

0.5 Hysteresis Band

0.5 Hysteresis Band

Amplitude

Time

Actual Trigger Point:

Slope

Input Hysteresis:0.5 Hysteresis Band ×

Input Signal Slew Rate at Start Trigger Point ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.5 Hysteresis Band ×Input Signal Slew Rate at Stop Trigger Point ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------–

Trigger Level Setting:15 mV 1% Start Trigger Level Setting ×( )±

Input Signal Slew Rate at Start Trigger Point ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

15 mV 1% Stop Tr igger Level Setting ×( )±Input Signal Slew Rate at Stop Trigger Point ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------±±


Measurement Definitions (Continued)

Measu remen t Definit ions (Continu ed)

• Fractional Time Base Error

Time base error is the maximum fractional frequency variation of the time base due to aging or fluctuations in ambient temperature or line

voltage:

Multiply this quantity by the measurement result to yield the absolute error for that measurement. Averaging measurements will not reduce(fractional) time base error. The HP 53131A/132A universal counters exhibit negligible sensitivity to line voltage; consequently this termmay be ignored.

• Differential Channel Error

The Differential Channel Error term included in many of the Systematic Uncertainty equations accounts for channel-to-channel mismatchand internal noise. This error can be substantially reduced by performing the TI Calibration in the temperature environment in which future

measurements are to be made and by careful measurement technique. Calibration is accessible via the Calibration Menu during power-up.

Typical Versus Worst Case Specifications

Specifications identified as “Typical” represent performance of the instrument that the majority of users will perceive under a wide variety ofconditions and signals. The specifications identified as “Worst Case” should be used when the instrument is under extreme environmentalconditions or when the accuracy of the measurement results are critically important.

Time Base Errorf ∆

f -----

aging rate

f ∆f

----- temperature

f ∆f

----- line voltage

+ + =




3

Time Interval Measurement LSD Definition

For the Time Interval, Pulse Width, and Rise/Fall Time measurements, the LSD is the measurement quantization error. “ tres” is the LSDplus the effects of certain internal error producing sources.

Additional Considerations for Digits and Time Arming Modes

For sample rates defined below, resolution will be reduced by up to 1 decade. The instruments display detects this condition and displays areduced-resolution result. Resolution is reduced in a band about f s, such that

where x is any integer, and y is any fraction in the set:

The width of the band is at most:

The value of fs is not available to the user, but the instrument can be queried over HP-IB to determine if this condition exists.

After the measurement completes, use the query :DIAGnostic:MEASure:PRESolution? The response is an ASCII text formatted string “Ø”for normal resolution and “1” for reduced resolution. This command is valid only when making frequency measurements in time or digitsarming and the input frequency is greater than 100 Hz.

x.y 10MHz

f s

-------------------= For Example:

25.25 10MHz 396 039.6 ,----------------------------=

x 25 =

y 0.25 1

4 ⁄ = =

0 1

2,1

3,2

3 ,1

4 ,2

4 ,3

4 ,1

5,2

5 ,3

5 ,4

5 , ... ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ,

6 107–× finput×

Gate Time--------------------------------------±


Measurement Arming and Processing

Measureme nt Arming and Process ing

Gate Time

Auto Mode, or 1 ms to 1000 s

Measurement Throughput

HP-IB ASCII: 200 Measurements/s (maximum)

(See examples in the Programming Guide for ways to optimizemeasurement throughput)

Measurement Arming

Start Measurement: Free Run, Manual, or ExternalStop Measurement: Continuous, Single, External, or TimedArming Modes:(Note that not all arming modes are available for every measurement function.)

Auto Arming: Measurements are initiated immediately and acquired as fast as possible, using a minimum number of signal

edges. Auto arming offers the highest measurement throughput, though measurement resolution may bereduced.Timed Arming: The duration of the measurement is internally timed to a user-specified value (also known as the “gate time”).

This mode should be used when the length of the measurement time must be controlled.Digits Arming: Measurements are performed to the requested resolution (number of digits) through automatic selection of the

acquisition time. This is the most convenient mode for when a specific measurement resolution is desired.External Arming: An edge on the External Arm Input enables the start of each measurement. Depending on the measurement

function, Auto Arming, Timed arming modes or another edge on the External Arm Input may be used to complete




3

function, Auto Arming, Timed arming modes or another edge on the External Arm Input may be used to completethe measurement.

Time Interval

Arming Modes: HP 53131ATime Interval Stop Delay Arming: The Stop Measurement condition on Channel 2 is inhibited (trigger hold-off) fora user specified time following the Start Measurement on Channel 1.

Time Interval Delay Range: 100 µs to 10 s*Time Interval Delay Resolution: 10 µs from 100 µs to 100 ms

1 ms from 100 ms to 10 sHP 53132ATime Interval Start Delay Arming: The start of a Time Interval measurement is delayed for a user-specifiedamount of time, or number of Channel 2 events, from the Start External Arming edge.

Start Delay TimeRange: 100 ns to 999.9999 ms

Start Delay Time Resolution: 100 nsStart Delay Event Range: 1 to 99,999,999 Channel 2 eventsStart Delay Event Rate: 5 MHz maximumStart Delay Event Setup Time: 30 ns minimum

Time Interval Stop Delay Arming: The Stop Measurement condition on Channel 2 is inhibited (trigger hold-off) fora user-specified amount of time, or number of Channel 2 stop events, following the Start Measurement onChannel 1, or, if enabled, the Stop External Arming edge.

Stop Delay Time Range: 100 ns to 10 s**Stop Delay Time Resolution: 100 ns from 100 ns to 1 s

1 ms from 1 s to 10 sStop Delay Event Range: 1 to 99,999,999 Channel 2 eventsStop Delay Event Rate: 5 MHz maximumStop Delay Event Setup Time: 30 ns minimum

* For firmware revisions below 3427 the valid range of delay is 1 ms to 10 s.** For firmware revisions below 3646 the valid range of delay is 1 ms to 10 s.


Measurement Arming and Processing (Continued)

Measu remen t Arming and Process ing (Continued )

Measurement Statistics

Available Statistics: Mean, Minimum, Maximum, Standard Deviation

Number of Measurements: 2 to 1,000,000. Statistics may be collected on all measurements or on only those which are between the limitbands. When the Limits function is used in conjunction with Statistics, N (number of measurements) refers to thenumber of in-limit measurements. In general, measurement resolution will improve in proportion to , up to thenumerical processing limits of the instrument.

Measurements: Statistics may be collected for all measurements except Peak Volts and Totalize.

Measurement Limits

Limit Checking: The measurement value is checked against user-specified limits at the end of each measurement.

Display Modes: The measurement result may be displayed as either the traditional numeric value or graphically as an asteriskmoving between two vertical bars. These bars define the upper and lower limits, and the asterisk represents thecurrent measurement result relative to these limits.

Out-of-Limits Indication: The out-of-limits condition can be indicated by any of the following methods:

• The limits annunciator will light on the front panel display.

• The instrument will generate an SRQ if enabled via HP-IB.

Th li i h d i l id d i h RS 232 ill l f h d i f h f li i

N




3

• The limits hardware signal provided via the RS-232 connector will go low for the duration of the out-of-limitcondition (see the description of this connector under the General Information section of this specificationstable).

• If the Analog Display mode is enabled, the asterisk appears outside the vertical bars, which define the upperand lower limits.


General Information

General Information

Save and Recall: Up to 20 complete instrument setups may be saved and recalled later. These setups are retained whenpower is removed from the universal counter.

Rack Dimensions (HxWxD): 88.5 mm x 212.6 mm x 348.3 mmWeight: 3.5 kg maximum

AC Line Supply DC Supply (Option 002 Only)

Power Supply Voltage: 100 to 120 VAC ±10% - 50, 60 or 400 Hz ±10% 10 to 32 VDC, 3-pin male XLR connector220 to 240 VAC ±10% - 50 or 60 Hz ±10%AC Line Voltage Se lection: Automatic Option 002 may not be ordered with Option 060

Power Requirements: 170 VA maximum (30 W typical) 4A initial inrush at 10 VDC3A max, once stabilized

Operating Environment: 0° C to 55° C

Storage Environment: –40° C to 71° C

Remote Interface: HP-IB (IEEE 488.1-1987, IEEE 488.2-1987)

HP-IB Interface Capabilities: SH1, AH1, T5, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C0, E2

Remote Programming Language: SCPI-1992.0 (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments)

Safety: Designed in compliance with IEC 1010-1, UL 3111-1 (draft), CAN/CSA 1010.1

EMC: CISPR-11, EN50082-1, IEC 801-2, -3, -4




3

C S , 5008 , C 80 , 3,

Electrostatic Discharge and Fast Transient/Burst Immunity Testing: When the product is operated atmaximum sensitivity (20 mVrms) and tested with 8kV AD according to IEC801-2 or with 1kV power line

transients according to IEC 801-4, frequency miscounts may occur that will affect measurement datamade during these disturbances.

Radiated Immunity Testing: When the product is operated at maximum sensitivity (20 mVrms) and testedat 3 V/m according to IEC 801-3, external 100 to 200 MHz electric fields may cause frequency miscounts.

RS-232C: The rear-panel RS-232 connector is a 9-pin connector (DB-9, male). You can connect the universalcounter to any terminal or printer with a properly configured DTE connector (DB-25). You can use astandard interface cable (HP part number 24542G or 24542H). Data is “output only”; the instrument cannotbe programmed via the RS-232 interface.

Note on Pin 4: May be used as either a DTR signal or an indication of measurement in-limit as configured by the Utility menu.When used as an in-limit indicator, the signal will be high for every measurement within the user set limits.

Pin Number Type Description

2 Input Receive Data (RxD) (for Xon/Xoff only)

3 Output Transmit Data (TxD)

4 Output Data Terminal Ready (DTR)Measurement In-Limit Signal

5 — Signal Ground6 Input Data Set Ready (DSR)

* All other pins: no connection

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

Index

SYMBOLS

+/- key, 1-18, 2-8

NUMERICS10 MHz Output connector , 1-11

100 kHz Filter key, 2-44

50W/1 MW key, 1-16, 2-44

Aabort , 2-5

ac line selection , 1-11accessories

available, xix

supplied, xix

addr essed (talk/listen), 2-58

adjusting trigger level, 2-48

annunciators, front panel, 1-9

cha nging th e nu merical convent ion of

the display, 2-65cha nging th e slope, 2-49

cha nging tr igger m ode, 1-17

characters

*, 1-10

X, 1-10

choosing HIGH t o disable har dware

pacing., 2-62

choosing HW PACE , 2-62

choosing the timebase source , 2-59

COMMON 1

ON , 2-45

common questions , 2-94

computing Sta ts on filtered dat a

only, 1-32

fi i th RS 232 f di



Operating Guide Index-1

p

ar ming modes

auto, xvi , 2-16

digits , xvi , 2-17external, xvi , 2-17

time, xvi, 2-17

ar row keys

entry/select keys , 2-8

auto arming, 2-16

auto triggering, 2-48

available options , xviii

Bbaud rate, 2-62

CCAL SECU RE , 2-71

CAL UNSECURE , 2-68, 2-71

calibration , 2-67

count , 2-72

Help menu , 2-72

initiate, 2-69new secur ity code , 2-72

unsecure, 2-68

Calibration menu , 1-8 , 2-67

configurin g th e RS-232 for sendin g

limit-detect outpu t , 2-64

connecting to a pr inter via HP-IB, 2-66connecting to a serial print er via th e

RS-232 port , 2-65

controlling measu rement , 1-36

counter description , xvi

coupling, 2-51

Ddata entry keys

num eric entry , 2-8DC/AC key, 1-15, 2-44

definition of sensit ivity, 2-46

description of

display annunciators , 1-9

entry/select (arrow) keys, 2-8

Gate & ExtArm Menu key, 2-16

inpu t condit ionin g toggle keys, 2-51

LIMITS keys

Limit Modes , 2-37Uppr&Lower , 2-37

Local key, 1-4

MATH keys

Index

Scale & Offset key, 2-27

Stats , 2-32

MEASURE keys

Fr eq & Ratio, 2-10

Other Meas , 2-10Time & Per iod, 2-10

Print menu , 2-56

Recall men u , 2-52

Remote indicator , 1-4

Run key, 2-5

Save menu , 2-52

scale an d offset , 1-19

self-test routines , 2-59

special char acter, display, 1-10Stop/Single key, 2-5

Trigger/Sensitivity men u key, 2-44

Utility menu , 2-57

description of count er , xvi

differences between firmware

revisions, xx

duty cycle , 2-14

EEnter key, 2-8

enter ing numer ic values, 2-8

entering offset value, 1-21

enter ing scale value , 1-20

entry/select keys

ar row keys, 2-8

equation

scale and offset , 1-19

examp le procedur e for

cha nging th e nu mber of digits of

resolution , 2-25computing Stats, 2-33

easy viewing of Stat s , 2-34

filtering dat a (using limits) dur ing

Sta ts, 2-35

Gate and Externa l Arm , 2-24

Offset function , 2-29



Index-2 Operating Guide

,

digits arming, 2-17

digits, displaying more , 2-94

digits, thirteenth , 2-94

disabling Limit Testing, 1-30

disabling Mat h , 1-22

display

menu messages , 2-75

messages, 2-73

numerical convention

oth er coun tr ies, 2-65

USA, 2-65power-up/self test messages , 2-74

SHOW

GRAPH , 2-40

NUMBER, 2-41

display annunciators , 1-9

display special cha ra cter , 1-10

display th irteent h digit , 2-94

displaying Math r esults , 1-22

displaying Sta ts after filtering dat a of input signal, 1-34

DTR (Data Termina l Ready)

menu , 2-62

ru nn ing the self test , 2-61

Scale function , 2-28

setting t he Offset from the la stmeasurement value, 2-31

setting tr igger voltage an d

sensit ivity levels, 2-48

tu rn ing off Math mode, 2-30

tu rn ing off Sta ts m ode, 2-36

using th e Comm on 1 function t o

make time interval

measurements , 2-51

Example P rocedure for Turn ing Off

Math Mode, 2-30

Ext Arm conn ector , 2-17, 2-18, 2-20,

2-24

Extern al Arm inpu t connector, 1-11

external ar ming, 2-16 , 2-17

Extern al Reference Input

connector , 1-11

Ffalltime , 2-13

fan , 1-2 , 1-11

Featu res and Fun ctions

Index

Recall, 2-52

Save, 2-52

sensitivity, 2-46, 2-47

Unsave, 2-55

fine t ime inter val calibrat ion , 2-69firmwar e revisions, xx

Fr eq & Rat io key, 2-10

frequency, 2-11

frequency ra tio, 2-12

front -panel indicat ors , 1-3 , 1-4

front -panel menus , 1-5 , 1-6 , 1-7 , 1-8

function

duty cycle, 2-14

fall time, 2-13frequency, 2-11

frequency ra tio, 2-12

period, 2-13

phase, 2-15

pulse width s , 2-14

rise time, 2-13

Iimpedance, 2-51

in case of trouble , 2-94

indicators (LEDs), 1-3 , 1-4

initiating measur ements , 2-5input calibrat ion , 2-69

input conditioning keys , 2-44

input impedance, 2-51

LLegend , 1-13

Limit testing, 2-38

Limit-detect outpu t , 2-43, 2-64

Limit-Detect Outpu t connector, 1-11Limits Testing Example 1—Flag and

Stop Measuring On Limits , 2-38

Limits Testing Exa mple 2—Flag On

Limits but Continue Measuring, 2-40

Limits Test ing Exam ple 3—Use Analog

Graph Display While Adjusting Inpu t




time interval, 2-13

totalize , 2-14

voltage peaks , 2-15

GGate, 2-16

Gate and E xternal Arming menu , 2-16

auto, 2-16

digits , 2-17

external, 2-17

time, 2-17

Gate t ime and r esolution, 2-17

Hhardwar e pacing, 2-62

how to make measur ements , 1-12

how to set limits , 1-23

HP-IB Address , 2-58

HP -IB conn ect or, 1-11

HP-IB messages , 2-77

HPI B to ta lk-only, 2-66

hysteresis , 2-46

Signal, 2-40

Limits Testin g Exam ple 4—Selecting

Filtering Conditions of Stat s

Computation , 2-42

Limits Testing Exam ple 5—Sending

th e Limit-Detect Out put , 2-43

list of options , xviii

Local key, 1-4 , 2-75

low pa ss filter , 2-51

Mmaking a single measurement , 1-36

making repetitive measurement s , 1-36

mak ing the Counter flag on limits but

continue measuring when the signal

exceeds the u ser-entered limits , 1-28

Math

offset , 2-27

scale, 2-27

Math menu , 2-27MEASURE keys

Fr eq & Ratio, 2-10

Other & Meas , 2-10

Time & Per iod, 2-10

Index

measu remen t cont rol keys, 2-5

Run key, 2-5

Stop/Single key, 2-5

measurement function menus , 2-10

measurement sequence, 2-93measu ring du ty cycle, 2-14

measuring falltime, 2-13

measu ring frequency, 2-11

measu ring frequency ra tio, 2-12

measu ring period, 2-13

measuring phase, 2-15

measu ring positive/negat ive pulse

widths , 2-14

measuring positive/negative voltagepeaks, 2-15

measuring r isetime, 2-13

measuring time interval, 2-13

common , 2-51

measu ring, totalize, 2-14

menu messages , 2-75

modifying input trigger level, 1-17

Nnew security code ent ry, 2-72

num eric entr y for a m enu item , 2-4

numerical convention , 2-65

Ooffset , 1-19, 2-27

ON SINGLE menu item , 2-6

options, xviii

oscillat or adjust potentiometer , 1-11

Other Meas key, 2-10

Ppace

software, 2-63

pacing, 2-62

parity, 2-63

parity type, 2-62

peaks, 2-15




menu s of

100kHz Filter key, 1-6

50 Ohm/1M Ohm key, 1-6

Calibra tion (Scale & Offset) key, 1-8

DC/AC key, 1-6

Fr eq & Rat io key, 1-5

Gate & ExtArm key, 1-5

Limit Modes key, 1-5

Other Meas key, 1-5

Recall k ey, 1-6

Save & Print key, 1-6Scale & Offset key, 1-5

Stats key, 1-5

Time & Period key, 1-5

Trigger/Sensitivity key, 1-6

Uppr & Lower key, 1-5

Utility key, 1-7

X10 Att enua te key, 1-6

messages

front panel, 2-73HP-IB, 2-77

menu , 2-75

power-up/self-test, 2-74

perform ing st at istics on

measurements , 1-31

period, 2-13

phase , 2-15

preface, xi

preset value lists , 2-78

preset values , 2-78, 2-79, 2-85

presetting the Count er , 2-4

PRINT

ON , 2-62

print function , 2-56printer

connect Counter to print er , 2-66

printing, 2-56

pulse width s , 2-14

Qquestions, 2-94

quick referen ce guide , xxiii

quick t ime int erval calibra tion, 2-69

Rratio, 2-12

Recall function , 2-54

Index

recalling measurement setups, 2-52

related documents, xiii

remote , 1-4

Remote indicator (LED), 1-4

repackaging for shipment , xvresetting the Count er , 2-4

resolution , 2-17

revision

firmware , xx

risetime , 2-13

RS-232 int erface, 1-11

RS-232 serial port , 2-43

Run key, 2-5

run mode , 2-5ru nnin g the self-test routin es, 2-59

SSave fun ction , 2-53

saving measurement setups , 2-52

Scale & Offset key, 1-19

scale and offset equ at ion 1-19

settin g upper limit , 1-24

sign (+/-) key, 1-18

sign k ey, 2-8

Single key, 2-5

single measurement , 1-36single mode, 2-5

software pace, 2-63

software pacing, 2-62

specifications , 3-2

dimensions, 3-16

frequency ra nge , 3-2

HP 53131A/132A, 3-2

measurement throughput , 3-14

power supp ly volta ge, 3-16RS-232C connector pin

assignments, 3-16

time base stability, 3-4

voltage ra nge and sensitivity , 3-2

starting measurements , 1-19

Sta ts function , 2-32

2 5




scale and offset equ at ion , 1 19

Scale and Offset functions , 2-27

Secur ing against calibrat ion , 2-71security sta tus , 2-68

selecting inpu t sensitivity , 1-19

selecting input trigger slope , 1-18

Selectin g Operat ing Mode (Talk/Listen ,

Talk-Only), 2-58

selecting sensitivity, 2-50

selecting the type of Statistics

(Stats), 1-31

self test messages, 2-74

self-test , 2-59

sending limit-detect outpu t , 2-43

sensitivity, 1-19, 2-46

serial port , 2-43, 2-62

SET OFFSET ?, 2-31

setting lower limit , 1-26

Setting the Baud Rate , 2-62

Setting the Har dware Pacing, 2-62Settin g the HP -IB Address , 2-58, 2-66

Setting the HP-IB address , 2-58

Setting the Parity, 2-63

Settin g the Software Pa ce, 2-63

stop, 2-5

summar y of measurement

sequence , 2-93

SW PACE , 2-62, 2-63

Ttalk/listen, 2-58

talk-only , 2-58, 2-66

TEST, 2-59

The Gate & Extern al Arm Key

Menus, 2-19, 2-23

thirteenth digit, 2-94

Time & Period key, 2-10

time arming, 2-17

time interval

common , 2-45

separate, 2-13

time Interval delay arming, 2-17, 2-20

timebase

auto, 2-59calibration , 2-67, 2-69

external, 2-59

internal, 2-59

timebase sour ce, 2-59

Index

totalize , 2-14

trigger band , 2-50

trigger level, 2-48

trigger slope , 2-49

types of measurem ent functions , 2-10types of service ava ilable if your

instrument fails, xiv

UUnsave, 2-55

using Enter key, 2-8

using LIMITS , 2-38

using ON F AIL

GO ON menu item , 1-29STOP m enu item , 1-28

using SET OFFSET ?, 2-31

using SHOW

Stats menu item , 2-33

using Stats key, 2-33

usin g th e +/- (sign) key, 1-18

using the ar row keys

using th e input impedance toggle

keys , 1-16

using the Mat h operations

offset , 2-28

scale, 2-28using the mea surem ent cont rol keys

Run key, 2-6

Stop/Single key, 2-6

using the Print menu , 2-56

usin g the Recall fun ction , 2-54

using th e Save function , 2-53

usin g th e Scale & Offset, 2-28

usin g the Scale & Offset key, 2-28

using t he Trigger/Sensitivity key, 2-48using th e Unsa ve function, 2-55

Utility menu , 1-7 , 2-4 , 2-57

Vvoltage pea ks , 2-15

X




us g t e a ow eys

to cha nge stat es of menu items , 2-9

to enter nu meric values , 2-8to execute prompted event

messages, 2-9

to execute pr ompt ed help

messages, 2-9

to sequence thr ough t he menu s of

th e MEASURE keys , 2-8

using th e Calibra tion Menu , 2-67

using th e entr y select keys

to enter nu meric values , 2-8

using t he ent ry/select keys

to cha nge stat es of menu items , 2-9

to execute prompted event

messages, 2-9

to execute pr ompt ed help

messages, 2-9

to sequence thr ough t he menu s of

th e MEASURE keys , 2-8using th e Ext Arm connector, 2-24

using the Gat e & ExtArm key, 2-24

using t he inpu t coupling toggle

keys , 1-15

X10 Att enua te key, 2-44

Contact ing Hewlett -Packard:

For more informa tion about Hewlett-Packard t est an d measu rement products, applications, and services, visit our web

site at: http://www.hp.com/go/tmdir

HP’s Test and Measuremen t Fax Service for United States an d Canada:

Techn ical informa tion for test a nd m easur ement products and services is available 24 hours a day,

7 days a week, by calling 1-800-800-5281.

Technical Support:

If you n eed technical assistance with a H ewlett-Packard test a nd m easurem ent product or application, you can contact

one of the following centers and ask for a test a nd m easur ement sales represent ative. For a complete list of worldwide

Hewlett -Packar d sales offices, refer to the web site listed a bove.

Africa and Middle Eas t:

Hewlett-Packard S.A.

Interna tional Sales BranchMiddle East/AfricaGeneva, Switzerland

Tel: (41/22) 780-4111Fa x: (41/22) 780-4770

Asia Pacific:

Hewlett-Pa ckard Asia Pa cific Ltd.Hong Kong, SAR

Canada:

Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Ltd.

HP DIRECTMississauga, ON, Cana da

Tel: 877-894-4414Fa x: (905) 206-4700

Europe:

Hewlett-Packard Nederland B.V.Test & MeasurementEuropean Mar keting OrganisationThe Netherlands

Latin America:

Hewlett-Packard Co.

Latin America Region HeadquartersMiami, FL, U.S.A.

Tel: (305) 267-4245Fa x: (305) 267-4288

United States:

Hewlett-Packard Co.Test & Measurement Call CenterEn glewood, CO, U .S.A.



Printed in U.S.AData subject to changeRev 11/98

Tel: (852) 2599-7777Fa x: (852) 2506-9284

Australia/New Zealand:

Hewlett-Packard Australia Ltd.Blackburn, Victoria, Austr alia

Tel: 1-800-629-485 (Australi a)Tel: 0-800-738-378 (New Zealand)Fa x: (61-3) 9272-0749

Tel: +31 20 547 9999

Fax: +31 20 547 7799

Japan:

Hewlett-Packard Ja pan Ltd.Measurement Assistance CenterTokyo, Japa n

Tel: 81-426-56-7832Fa x: 81-426-56-7843

Tel: (800) 452-4844Fa x: (303) 662-3726

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITYaccording to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014

Manufacturer’s Name: Hewlett-Packard Company

Manufacturer’s Address: Santa Clara Division5301 Stevens Creek Boulevard

Santa Clara, California 95052-8059U.S.A.

declares, that the product

Product Name: Universal Counter Frequency Counter

Model Number: HP 53131A, 53132A HP 53181A

Product Options: This declaration covers all options of the product.

conforms to the following Product Specifications:



g p

Safety: IEC 1010-1: 1990 + A1 / EN 61010-1: 1993

EMC: CISPR 11: 1990 / EN 55011: 1991 Group 1, Class AIEC 801-2: 1991 / EN 50082-1: 1992 4 kV CD, 8 kV ADIEC 801-3: 1984 / EN 50082-1: 1992 3 V/m, 1kHz 80% AM, 27–1000MHz

IEC 801-4: 1988 / EN 50082-1: 1992 1 kV Power Lines, 0.5 kV Signal Lines

Supplementary Information:

The product models listed above comply with the requirements of the LowVoltage Directive 73/23/EEC and the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.

Santa Clara, California, April 15, 1994Bruce Euler, Quality Engineering Manager

European Contact: Your local Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office or Hewlett-Packard GmbH,

Dept. ZQ/Standards Europe, Herrenberger Straße 130, D-71034 Böblingen (FAX: +49-7031-143143)

Continu ed from front ma tter. . .

Warranty (con td)

HP does not warrant tha t theoperation of HP products will beuninterru pted or error free. If HP is u nable, within areasona ble time, to repa ir or

replace any pr oduct to acondition as warran ted,customer will be entitled t o arefund of the purcha se priceupon prompt return of theproduct.

HP products may containremanufactured partsequivalent t o new inperformance or may ha ve beensubjected t o incidenta l use.

The warr ant y period begins onthe da te of delivery or on th edat e of insta llation if insta lledby HP. If customer schedules ordelays HP installation morethan 30 days after delivery,warran ty begins on the 31st dayfrom delivery.

Warrant y does not apply todefects result ing from(a) improper or inadequate

HP will be liable for dama ge totan gible property per incidentup t o the grea ter of $300,000 orthe actual am ount paid for th eproduct th at is th e subject of theclaim, and for dam ages forbodily injury or death , to theextent that all such dama gesar e determin ed by a court of compet ent jur isdiction to havebeen directly caused by adefective HP product.

TO THE EXTENT ALLOWEDBY LOCAL LAW, THEREMEDIES IN THISWARRANTY STATEMEN TARE CUSTOME R’S SOLE ANDEXCLUSIVE REMEDIE S.

EXCEPT AS INDICATEDABOVE, IN NO EVENT WILLHP OR ITS SUPPLIERS BELIABLE F OR LOSS OF DATAOR FOR DIRECT, SPE CIAL,INCIDENTAL,CONSEQUENTIAL(INCLUDING LOST PROFITOR DATA), OR OTHE RDAMAGE, WHE THER BASEDIN CON TRACT, TORT, OROTHERWISE

Safety Considerat ions(contd)

WARNING

INSTRUCTIONS FORADJUSTMENTS WHILE

COVERS ARE REMOVEDAND FOR SERVICING AREFOR USE BY SERVICE-TRAINED PERSONNELONLY. TO AVOIDDANGEROUS ELECTRICSHOCK, DO NOT PERFORMSUCH ADJUSTMENTS ORSERVICING UNLESSQUALIFIED TO DO SO.

WARNING

ANY INTERRUPTION OF THEPROTECTIVE GROUNDINGCONDUCTOR (INSIDE OROUTSIDE THE PRODUCT’SCIRCUITRY) ORDISCONNECTING THEPROTECTIVE EARTHTERMINAL WILL CAUSEA POTENTIAL SHOCKHAZARD THAT COULDRESULT IN PERSONAL

For cont inued pr otectionagainst fire, replace the linefuse(s) of the sa me curr entra ting an d type (for example,norm al blow, tim e delay). Do notuse repa ired fuses or shortcircuited fuseholders.

Acoust ic Noise Emiss ions

LpA<47 dB at operator position,at normal operation, tested perEN 27779. All data a re theresults from type test.

Geräuschemiss ion

LpA<47 dB am Arbeitsplatz, norma ler Betrieb, geprü ftnach EN 27779.Die Angagen beruhen auf Ergebn issen vonTypenprüfungen.



7.NL.A.11.03.97.R1.P.CW6BC

(a) improper or inadequatemaintenance or calibration,

(b) softwar e, inter facing, par tsor supplies not supplied by HP,(c) una uth orized modification ormisuse, (d) operation outside of the pu blished environmenta lspecificat ions for the pr oduct, or(e) improper site pr eparation ormaintenance.

TO THE EXTENT ALLOWEDBY LOCAL LAW, THE ABOVEWARRANTIE S AREEXCLUSIVE AND NO OTHE R

WARRANTY OR CONDITION ,WHETHE R WRITTEN ORORAL, IS EXPRESSE D ORIMPLIED AND HPSPECIF ICALLY DISCLAIMSANY IMPLIED WARRANTIESOR CONDITIONS OFMERCHANTABILITY,SATISF ACTORY QUALITY,AND FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE .

OTHERWISE.

For consumer tran sactions inAustralia and New Zealand: thewarran ty terms conta ined inthis stat ement, except to theextent lawfully permitt ed, donot exclude, restrict or modifyand ar e in addition to themanda tory statu tory rightsapplicable to the sale of thisproduct t o you.

Assistance

Product maintenance

agreements and other customerassistance agreements ar eavailable for Hewlett-Packar dproducts.

For an y assistan ce, cont act yournearest Hewlett-Packard Salesan d Ser vice Office.

INJURY. (GROUNDING ONE

CONDUCTOR OF A TWOCONDUCTOR OUTLET ISNOT SUFFICIENTPROTECTION.)

Whenever it is likely that t heprotection has been impaired,the ins trument must be madeinoperative and be securedagainst any unintendedoperation.

If this instru ment is to beenergized via anautotransformer (for voltagereduction) make sure thecommon t ermin al is connectedto the earth ed pole terminal(neutr al) of the power source.

Instructions for adjustmentswhile covers a re rem oved an dfor ser vicing ar e for u se bytra ined-personnel only. To avoiddangerous electric shock, do notperform such adjustments orservicing un less qualified t odo so.



Ma nua l Par t Number 53131-90055 Pr in ted in U.S.A, MAY 1999