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Filozofski vestnik vum/l XXiX numbr/a 2 2008 155187

RADiCAl AntiPHilosoPHY

B B*

1.

o f h m rgug apc f Aa Badu gg pa fr hrur r h cud pby f phphy day r ad agah cmm argum fr d, xhau, r rcmg a frc-fu amp rdf h phphr adrar r ra. Amg h,w buy ca fd cmprary r f h ph, r h whma up h rad f wha Badu, hManifesto for Philosophy, ca h

gra mdr phc.1

i may way h darb aga h phf ur m cudg Frdrch nch r ludwg Wg a hmajr fgur ad Rchard Rry r Ga vam a mr wha w wud cm xpc frm a f-prcamd Pa: th yugPa w ha h had g byd h ub wragg f phry aw a b ducad by abu h c f h qu f h m. tham hd ru fr u.2 Phphy ca rar ymac pbywhu a drawg a f dmarca bw f ad ha whch phphy bu rmb r cmp wh h marpac fda. Wha mr, uch a dmarca rary a r cuaxchag r dba f h d fard, mar hw hypcrcay, ur curr acadmc ad pca cma. iad, hr a mf agr ha cu f phphy h rgard, h x ha,

*Dparm fr Rmac sud, Cr Ury, ihaca, nY 14853, UsA.1 Aa Badu,Manifesto for Philosophy, ra. nrma Madara, Abay, sa

Ury f nw Yr Pr, 1999, p. 98 (ra. mdfd). i raa sophistiquea phc rahr ha a h mr cmmpac bu a mr rcy pjra- phry, fwg xa raa f Barbara Ca w caca udy,

LEffet sophistique, Par, Gamard, 1995.2Ibid.

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156

a Badu ay a a Jacqu laca, h aphc argumarag cu h um f phphy, .., cr f pmca agr,c rg.3 Badu hu prp ha phphy whch pywud b dfd, c a a Dcar, by h cfgura f bg,ruh, ad ubjc a raffrm f gay, pa, by brggPa caca aac aga h ph up da wh ur w m:Ju a, fr h majr ph, hr ha b a Gorgiasad aProtagoras, mu hr b aNietzschead a Witgenstein. Ad, fr h mr ph,a Vattimo ad aRorty. nhr mr r ay pmca, hr mr ray rpcfu.4 i add h ph, ad paray rappgwh hm, hugh, h adrar f phphy h way Badu rgrud wh mr p h cfgura f bg, ruh, ad

ubjc, a cud a g ad rpcab r f -cad aph-phr.

Badu a a mar f fac p fur yar f h mar Par, b-w 1992 ad 1996, whch ay hry afr h ymac rar- f phphy Being and Event(1988) ad h accmpayg umManifesto for Philosophy (1989) ad Conditions(1992), a uad -ga h frma crra ha mgh hp u dfy h prc faphphy r ad aga h cam f phphy f. th gudg

rm ad h mmda arg f h ga buy ar brrwdfrm laca wh ur, h md-1970, had cad hmf a aph-phr afr h xamp f ghh-cury antiphilosophes, a f-appdab ha hrcay rfr h my rgu ad cra, f urgh racary, hr wh r h arra f raam, dm,r maram h par f Frch eghm hr, h -cadphilosophes, uch a Ddr, var, r dHbach. i mu b ad ha f h rga antiphilosophesar rmy w day, a rad,xcp by a hadfu f pca.5 Frm h p f w f h hry f

da bu a fr h purp f Frac cua f-mag, w cuday ha hphilosophescmpy gad h uppr had, h drm f

3Aa Badu, laca Pa: mahm u d? :Lacan avec lesphilosophes, Par, Ab Mch, 1991, p. 136. th arc pubhd a hrrad ghy mdfd r a lAphph: laca Pa, Conditions,Par, ed du su, 1992, pp. 30626. th qud fragm d appar h hrr r.

4 Badu, l (r)ur d a phph ellemme, Conditions, p. 77; egh r- a th (R)ur f PhphyItself, Manifesto for Philosophy, p. 137.

5 s, ab a, Ddr Maau,Les ennemis des philosophes: Lantiphilosophie au tempsdes Lumires, Par, Ab Mch, 2000.

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157

fgur uch a h Abb Chaud (auhr f aDictionaire anti-philosophique,1767) r Augu Barru (auhr f h aruaryMmoires pour ser-vir lhistoire du jacobinisme, 1797-1799). Wh h prud rad f Frchhugh, whch ba h f-prcamd cary f ghd ra,hr hu mhg ury cadau h mr rca f haphphca ab h par f m laca.

laca hmf, mu a b ad, ha y ry fw wrd par,ad h ypcay gmac r rc , xpa wha h mawh h rcur h rm aphphy df h w ra, rra, phphy.6 i Prhap a vc, 1975, h brfyugg h aay f h sch ha hy ra hm y guc, gc, r pgy bu a aphphy: Whch h

i wud gady g h ga f wha h ury dcur w uppd ducaa fuc. i h hry f da, ad,ha w g h d f h.7 i h prc, phphy g rducd,a aca wh h ury dcur, h f updy, rbtise, frm wh prfud umbr y h dcur f h aay, wh rc parcuary, ca awa u: A pa ahgy f h updyha characr w aw, i hp, pu rf wh rgard drucb r, ra dram. Frm whch hr awag

xcp ha parcuar.8

A a a 1980, wh h md f h sch du (whchBadu fr h ca qu w cdr a uprm f h y xamp f h aphphca ac), laca f h d frcfuy rar h aphphca agac, ab rm ha ar gmac r par ha f yar arr. th Mr Aa a aph-phr, laca ay wh a rfrc a x by tra tara: tha myca.I rise up in revolt, pa, aga phphy. Wha ur ha mhg f ad d wh. e f i xpc m rjc grw u

6 Fr hr fary dffr accu f laca aphphy, a prr Badu a a h cfrc Lacan avec les philosophes, JaCaud Mr,laphph, LOeuvre claire: Lacan, la science, la philosophie, Par, ddu su, 1995, pp. 146158; Fra Rgau, laphph laca,Confrences desthtique lacanienne, Par, Agama, 1997, pp. 5780; ad C sr,laca aphph,Filozofski Vestnik 27, 2, 2006, pp. 121144. s a saj rmar, py fucd by Fra Rgau, The Ticklish Subject: The

Absent Centre of Political Ontology, ld ad nw Yr, vr, 1999, pp. 250251.7 Jacqu laca, Pur vc, Autres crits, Par, d du su,

2001, p. 314.8Ibid., p. 315.

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158

f . such rgrwh ar cmm ugh wh f hg.9 Y ad frmh ac, a Fra Rgau p u, m ha furhr x-pc m f h rm ar b fud laca pubhd wr.

G h par, Badu purp rurg laca ugg- hrfr a carr wh a a f frma xpca ad yma-a. Fr a wh, h m ha yd wh h da f cmpga r b h pc, bu h prjc ha cm fru, a a r y Frch. iad, w ar f wh a ma umbr f brf rf-rc card hrughu BaduManifesto for Philosophy, ConditionsadLogics of Worldsa w a mr ubaa ay nch, Wg,ad laca hmf a h hr gra mdr aphphr. t ach fh hr, a i hd a ab, a yar-g mar wa dd frm whch

m uffca ad racrp ar w a aaab -.Fay, Badu w-w b sa Pau, bad a a marfrm h am r, hud b cdrd a par f h prjc a w:Pau a majr fgur f aphphy.10 idd, h Ap prcdfy durg h Ah, whch accrdg h Ac m haprd y aughr h par f h phphr h Arpagu(my sc ad epcura wh up h da f h rurrcf h dad wh ur dbf), ad u a f aphphy m

d ac md ad xpa why Badu f h urg cmparPau hrughu h b h f Paca, nch, Wg,ad laca.

2.

Badu udradg f aphphy, hr wrd, m-d h hrw arady qu dffcu, f mpb rcruc

f laca uag f h rm. iad, h cagry mrg a h amfr a gadg rad f hr wh, wh rgard h dmaphphca rd f hr m, ua hm h rag p-gca p f a ud wh, r f a ra xrry whalacaa mgh prfr dga wh h rm xmacy a a-ud ha ypcay ca bw dac ad prxmy, admraad bam, duc ad cr.

9 laca, Mur A, Ornicar?, 2122, ummr 1980, p. 17.10 Badu, Saint Paul: The Foundation of Universalism, ra. Ray Brar, safrd,

safrd Ury Pr, 2003, p. 17.

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159

A mma f aphphca hr hu cud ysa Pau (Bacay, wha g hm dffcuy Ah haphphy11), nch (nch ag phphy h gu-ar a f hag rabh h qu f ruh wr f rupurfrm mag. Whch why i wud ca hm a prc f cmpraryaphphy12), h ary Wg (th ar wr whch mr-r a wr c Wg had gd a f pubhgayhg frm d frm aphphy phc13), r laca(i ca a cmprary phphr wh ha h ufarg curag g hrugh laca' aphphy14) bu a Paca (Paca, ha hrgra fgur f aphphy, [] h wh xpcy pp h Gd fAbraham, iaac, ad Jacb, h Gd f h phphr ad c15),

f arady Hracu (i wud ay frm Hracu, wh a muchh aphphr Parmd a Paca Dcar16), Ruau(Ruau cmmuca wh ur m ( ay, afr nch) by way fh fxb aphphy17), krgaard (th xmpary aph-phr ha Paca fr/aga Dcar, ad Ruau fr/aga varad Hum, krgaard, w w, fr/aga Hg18), ad prhapMarx, Frud, ad Ahur (Hr w br ha h aphphcaac cm dw racg a f dmarca, a Ahur wud ha

ad fwg l. Ad ry w pb ha Ahur prjc,udr h am f mara phphy, cam c wh-curyaphphy19). Fr my par, i wud add h h am f saj

11Ibid., p. 27.12 Badu, Casser en deux lhistoire du monde?, Par, l Prrqu, 1992, p. 24. th

a, ghr wh Badu x Wg ad laca, w b ccd adraad egh a g um udr h What Is Antiphilosophy?, d.ad ra. Bru B, Durham, Du Ury Pr, frhcmg. A hrr

r f Badu a nch a appard a Wh i nch?, ra.Abr tca, PLI: The Warwick Journal of Philosophy 11, 2001, pp. 111.13 Badu,Logiques des mondes, Par, d du su, 2006, p. 566.14 Badu, Conditions, p. 196. s a h fwg rmar Logiques des mondes,

whr laca crdd fr uphdg h f h ubjc aga Hdggracrc, whu apg humam: th why h rarg f laca aph-phy rma day a bgary xrc fr h wh ar hm- fr frm h rac crgc f rg ad cm (p. 548).

15 Badu, Saint Paul, p. 47.16Badu, sc, pm, a: laphph d Wg,BARCA!

Posie, Politique, Psychanalyse, 3, 1994, p. 14.17 Badu,Logiques des mondes, p. 575.18Ibid., p. 447.19 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 17.

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(Mur z aphph, f i wr pardy tara dada g-ur), prbaby h gra g aphphr f ur m ( h wrdf Frdrc Jam: Cary, h paraax p a a-phphca, fr y ud phphca yma, bu a a crah h ar mpby20). Fay, Frac, hr h xampf Mhd Bhaj kacm, wh cmb aphphy ad pp phphy a mxur f aacadmc ag, prgraphy, ad pcua hrycmparab y (o cud a ay ha h amp a jucurbw h rucura (ad Ma) gra f h a x ad hw gra, brugh up a h affrm prgraphy, wadrg,ad uwrg21). th ca f Hdggr, h hr had, pr ahardr u crac, a Badu d cdr hm a aphphr (

p f whch Pr Haward ar ha Hdggr hmf, f cur, m ay rad a a aphphca hr22), fr ra ha w b-cm carr wha fw.

Wha Badu gagm wh aphphy cray notma b, hugh h mm may g h mpr, a mrcrbu h hry f phphy a hugh wr a mar fg u h aphphr ha accmpa ach f h gra ph-phr a hr hadwy dub: Hracu Parmd, sa Pau h

Aha, Paca Dcar, krgaard Hg, Badu hm-f, ad . Rahr, i wud ay ha ufu , had, h pcfc radg h ag f aphphy aw u ffr hca f ddua hr ad, h hr, h ffcacy f h ghwh hy ar pu wr byd h fram f rfrc whch hy arfr dpd. i may ca, h may a ara f hugh haw wud aumacay aca wh h qu f whr draw h f dmarca bw phphy ad aphphy. thu, yam i ccd ha m Jrg lu Brg ca b rad frufuy

a a aphphr, bu my y h h y way accu

20 Frdrc Jam, Fr impr (rw fThe Parallax View by saj ),London Review of Books, 28.17, 2006.

21 Badu, Logiques des mondes, p. 550. s, parcuar, Mhd Bhaj kacm,vnement et rptition, Auch, trram, 2004, whch a gd xamp f a aph-phca ram f a g b f phphy, Badu w Being and Event, rm f ffc h g ad radg ubjc; ad wh Phpp naf,Pop

philosophie: entretiens, Par, D, 2005.22 Pr Haward,Badiou: A Subject to Truth, Map, Ury f Ma

Pr, 2003, p. 20. th r c Aaphphy, ryhg Haward b, prd a a ad ymac rfrc p, hugh id agr wh m f my dar frd rpra.

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fr h bw Brg udab phphca r ad hhrw mcry f phphy ymac amb.23

i wud g p furhr a frmua h hyph ha dayh dma phphca aud fac hrughy aphph-ca aur, f h ab f away ud r accpd. t bmr prc, f phphy day ca prd b radca h h ma par du aphphca dc. Whc h r,bu a h dffcuy, f Badu amp dag h w. i fac, m f ar-gba rac, urprg ha hr hud b ucha rg puh fr a aphphca ac ha cam b ury ya mr radca ha h phphca puru f ruh. Aphphy, h , crbu a r mr pwrfu pca maxmam

( Wg, afr a, capab f prcamg hmf a cmmu),whch acuay f fr a mg macpary arcua.24

3.

Wha ar h m f h fudama characrc ha wud maaphphy a ray chr rad w rgh? Bad

h dad radg f nch, Wg, ad laca, a w a hccaa rfrc Paca, krgaard, r Ruau, Badu d-guh a ma umbr f bac faur a h ara cr f ay aph-phy. A a fr h mdr prd, h ara ra cud hfwg: h aump ha h qu f bg, r ha f h wrd, cx wh h qu f aguag; cquy, h rduc fruh bg hg mr ha a guc r rhrca ffc, h u-cm f hrcay ad cuuray pcfc aguag gam r rp whchhrfr mu b judgd ad, br y, mcd gh f a crca-gu-

c, dcur, r gagca aay; a appa wha ju bydaguag, r rahr a h uppr m f h ayab, a a dma f ma-g, , r wdg, rrducb ay frm f ruh a dfd ph-phy; ad, fay, rdr ga acc h dma, h arch fr aradca ac uch a h rgu ap f fah r h ruary brag

23 s my ay Brg a Aphphr,Borges escritor del siglo XXI, d. sa n.Bar ad Chra karagurgu-Baa, pca u fVanderbilt e-Journal of Luso-

Hispanic Studies, 3, 2006, pp. 2331, frm whr i w fry draw wha fw.24 th pr udy h cu ad xpad my argum frm th

spcua lf, The South Atlantic Quarterly 104.4, 2005, pp. 751767.

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w f h hry f h wrd, h hr y f whch wud dcrd adac ay ymac hrca r ccpua abra.

th faur f hugh (r f c, c h y f m pa f hugh wh rgard h pra qu mgh b gra much phphy) d puh h aphphr, rpcy, h drc f mam r crucm, phc, mycm, adaru frm f (pca, rgu, arc, r cfc ad amru)radcam. of cur, a aphphr har h faur hray, r h am x. thu, fr xamp, whra nchfa wh h ph qu p ad xpc h wr, hr arcray may h laca ccp f ruh ad mag ha brghm cr a aphc ac whch ry cmprary phphr

fr Badu wud ha rar ju a h ary Wg d dy h xc f prpa ruh, fr xamp cfc , h way ph wud, f h uma am m byd mrprpa .

smar caa dub wud ha b rducd pcfc achaphphr rm f whch ra ar g prmacy h drm fhr. i fac, byd h aryg dgr f prxmy h ph, h bw h fr w f h faur ju umrad ad h a w

prduc a characrc aca ha, wh h wr f a gaphphca hr, ca rag frm a pury cruc wp,whch rduc ruh wha ca b dcrd h xg aguag y-m, a h way h yarg fr a qua-myca byd, whch wudp ward h hr d f aguag.

th y p, hwr, udrad hw h faur bh hagghr ad cradc ach hr, prdg aru arra r hugh-car fr mg bac ad frh amg hm:

1. Aphphr, parcuary h mdr wh h h

wa f h guc ur afr Wg r Frdad d sauur, frf a d rduc h m f ur wrd h m f ur aguag.th hr cruc r ma d, whch ruy ubm hqu f bg h rgy f aguag: Fr aygugh ay ha h ccp h hg f, whch a chd ca dm-ra aga h schac. i h wrd f wrd ha cra h wrdf hg.25 A dcrp f h wrd, far frm bg ruhfu prp- ha wud crrpd a g a f hg, hu ur u b

25 laca, th Fuc ad Fd f spch ad laguag Pychaay,crits, ra. Bruc F, nw Yr, nr, 2001, p. 229.

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163

pury guc cafca ha ar a arbrary ad cjcura a hyar uadab.

W mgh rphra h fr majr prm bhd cmprary a-phphy by arg ha mam frm h p f w h u-racdab hr f ur m. th ma ha w ca magaymr wha ma b a ra, h f h schac dba:nw, h pau ad bwdrd pr-par f cmdy, w ad mam sans le savoir, a f wr a gra prm f ur hugh,a acqurd axm. U, hrfr, cmm .26 Fr h purpf aphphy, pcfcay, mam ab a a urc f crcaad pmca rag. i wha g aphphr h cary m-pu, ach h w way, g aga h gra crr f Wr

maphyc: m, h f r g, h ur, Gd. oc h ar ubmd h rar-harp dg f a ma crqu, hy uru b mr ha guc cruc: h ffc f a grammacappag, a ufudd bacward frc, r a frua r -ccdrhrca ur f phra. A a ru, phphy cdrd b jurfud r ma bu pu dpay a a hrag mry: a - fr nch, char ad ca rbag xhbg f a fr Wg, updy ad raca fr laca.

th dagc f phphy a , hugh, prcd by way f apaag guc ad dcur aay f h am ad ruh-cam f h phphr. Frm h, w ca ay why hr x ucha c prxmy bw h aphphr ad h ph. Fr xamp, h ca f nch gagca wr:

i prcp cmm wdg: brg bac ry am h yp ha ua ag. th a drbu ha my y ypcay phc bw h phgca xama f h a-

m, had, ad h rgr f pwr, h hr. thmhd c drmg wh h gra rgr h crpu fdcur fgur, uch a way a hm gagcay hpwr-yp ha ua hm. nch, h wr, hw a graru whch h cmba f a d f grammara prby had ad a pwrfu dcr f frc h hr. Wh, a fudama arg, h cagry f ruh.27

26 Jrg lu Brg, A Hry f ery, Selected NonFictions, d. eWbrgr, nw Yr, Pgu, 2000, p. 135.

27 Badu, Casser en deux lhistoire du monde?, p. 17.

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i ugh, hwr, ubm a h majr phphca cag-r a yp f dcur aay; h ry rpr f h puru f ruha uch mu a b pu dw, dcrdd, ad g rd f: Hcfrh, gr pb dcu phphy; mu dcar effectivexpra, ag wh ha f ry fgur f mary.28

2. th rg grap f aguag bg r ubac, dd, adab a a ufrgg du f ruh a h cra cagry f ph-phy. if hr cap frm h pr-hu f aguag, h ruhca y b a guc r rhrca ffc h fcu r fcuucm f cra aguag gam. n dub mr famar radr fh ary nch frm h -cadPhilosophers Book, parcuary a hrugh h f Pau d Ma, h rduc f gc rhrc h d

f aphphr ha ma hm ary dguhab frm acr mdr ph. W cud um h up by rfrrg h way whchBrg, afr rghy arbug nch h h ha h mpracdra h chag a da ca cau u, h mr frmuaf , a f ffr f h mr rg ummar f h phcprm bhd aphphy, wh ch ca b hard h rumb fdcruc may dcad ar:

Ra ad cc dffr much ha h gra bjc ayphphca dcr uuay pr-x h wr ha dcar . ihParmenidesPa acpa h argum f h hrd ma whchAr w u pp hm; Bry (Dialogues, 3) acpa hrfua f Hum.29

t b ur, gc ad rhrc ar quad h f; h c-rary, hr radca dffrc affrmd. Hwr, f h cqucf h affrma f dffrc h a daua f pur gc,

r ra, far f h prua frc f cc f a argum. ifac, much wgh g h ffc f aguag ad h chag hyca prduc a ubjc ha h prcp f -cradc, crrf caca gc f r hr wa , gr app wh m f

28 Badu, Saint Paul, p. 58.29 Brg, n Wa Whma, Other Inquisitions, ra. Ruh l.C. smm,

Au, Ury f txa Pr, 1964, p. 71. s a Badu cmm h c-rbu h cfrc Lacan avec les philosophes: W cud cray a ur- f h f rfrra whch laca a abu dcad by Pa hmf h acpa h pr f h argum f h hrd ma, laca Pa: mahm u d? p. 143.

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h m caca f phphca wr, whch cquy ca hd fr hr ry w rfua r au-dcruc.

3. Wh a a xrm, h prgg f rhrc r gc, fh ayg r h ad, ca ay d h argum a mracuu r qua-myca r. idd, f wha ray mar h ubjc (xar hrapuc r ruary) chag a da ca prduc u, ad fh ffc byd h cp f mr gca (phphca r ccpua)frmua, h hard r h mpa fd ara mdf acc h dma f magfu r . or, pu h dffr-y, r d w p h ccdc f h m f my wrd ad hm f my aguag ha h qu ar f wg wha bydr bah h m, whch a wha ray mar. th h qu-

ha paradxcay p a pah aphphy frm crucmward mycm, a c cradcg h prcp accrdg whchray a rba, guc, r dcur cruc. thr h m ba dm f ray, r prhap wud b br ay a dm fh ra, ha frr rma byd h cp f aguag r ccpuawdg ad, a uch, r ymba abuy.

thu ar h , cmm a aphphr, f a afr r rmadr, whch bra wh h cx f aguag

ad h wrd:

th da f h rmadr ca b fud ry aphphy,whch bud ry ub wr f ra y a rac dwh cmp hm, ad xp h rmadr g h ac. th prcy whr aphphy du phphy:by showingha whch pr hrca pr ha md, adwhch hg , h d, ha h ra. thu fr nch, f ha whch appar a a rmadr f ry prc f aua.

Ju a fr Paca Grac ry ubracd frm h rdr f ra,fr Ruau, h c f ccc frm h prachg f h e-ghm, fr krgaard xc frm h Hga yh.Ad fr laca, w w ha h phphr hr ca r wa w ayhg f jym ad h thg whch yd.30

icday, Badu add a g rmar h gc f h ra qua

30 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 23. th a , f cur, a mayr accu fr rappr Badu.

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rmadr rdr qu h mgy rm whch amaway cuchd:

Wha rma b , hugh, whhr f h ra h aph-phr ffr u ayhg ha a harg ahg ac, r whhrh ac , wma fr Caud, a prm ha ca b p.U a qu f wma a ag h ry, prcy wmaabu whm w w mmday agr ha phphy ha amb- whar pa, bu abu whm w ca a wdr whhr h day, dpayd a h h r f u (fah, axy, f,c, jym) wh whch aphphy wh h xcpf laca ha pd hr dw, h ha d ay br ha dap-

par. th aphphr wud wa h pcr f h fm fr f h y f h phphr wh, yay, frc h pcrfrm h hg maur, ducad h p by cc. thg a g way ward xpag mhg f h rg mgyyf a aphphr: h uccu wma r hm y pm badra h hc c f h phphr. Whch , afra, a xpaa amg m. Ha w r mr dabpp, hr xpc dcara abu wm, ha Paca (dd hr br , hr ha h r?), Ruau (Emile sph!),

krgaard (h ur f marrag!), nch ( ghr) r Wg (wh h haf-fra f a haf-hmxuay)?suppg ha frm h p f w f dr h ra rmadr fphphca hr mu b ugh afr h d f h fm,hfaterrd fr h rmadr cray mr ab wh cad Pa, Dcar r Hg. t h p whr w cud maf h rahp wm a dc crr: h mr fagrah mgyy, h mr w ar h cy f aphphy.31

W cud hu affrm ha mgyy, whu frmg a para ar-

31Ibid., p. 2324. th aw Badu df ka pac h phphy/a-phphy dba: th wud a hd a gh h ca f ka,wh dcara abu wm ar harrag, ad wh ruu ga ca ayb ummard a fw: g a phphca frm aphphy f. thw phphcay ha h phphca pr ca y r up ar. t ub-ma h mra ac, whch udubdy a-phphca, wh rgard h ph-ma mr f wdg. Frm whch w ca fr, c fr hm h rma-dr bar h am um, ha a kaa dr away addr a umabjc. th , rgy ccpuad, h d crud f h myry f h fm-. i Wga aguag, wma ha f whch w ca pa, adwhch w mu hrfr pa r c (ibid., p. 24).

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a ra, h cu a drary faur ha fw parcu-ar frm h aphphca gc f h rmadr, r f h -a.

th arra pa f h bw guc cruc-m ad h f h db rmadr ca ay b urad.sm f Brg m caca fc, fr xamp, r arud hgap bw aguag ad cmmucab, bc, r mpy rahr d. A Yw R, a hr pr pc frmDreamtigers(El hacedor)hu f h ra ha bfa Gambaa Mar h f hdah, a uma ha Hmr ad Da may ha achd a w:

th h ra ccurrd: Marsaw h r a Adam mgh ha Parad, ad h hugh ha h r wa b fud

w ry ad h wrd; ad ha w may m r aud a hg, bu xpr ; ad ha h a, prud um caga gd hadw a crr wr a h ay had dramd amrrr f h wrd, bu rahr hg mr addd h wrd.32

th fragm, furhrmr, am m f h bac pra haar d dag wh h pury wrdy ram ad ha whch fr haphphr byd h wrdy, r a ur dg. A f f-w h fp f Wg, prhap by way f Maarm, Brghu draw a harp f dmarca bw xpr ad au, rbw ayg ad hwg: thr ar, dd, hg ha ca b pu wrd. thy make themselves manifest. thy ar wha myca.33 i hfa ac, hwr, wha a a h ra r mafa h prc f a abru ad gg pra bu rahr a pucua,ac, ad w-gh ampra ac.

4. th f h ac whu a dub h m mpra m h frma characra f ay aphphy, amy, h rac

a radca gur ha a ha h frc f dug, ad ccaayrag, h phphca cagry f ruh. i prcy h abcf ay uch ara phphca ruh ha cu f h ma-jr bac cdrg Hdggr a aphphr, c hgu f hg, h druc f maphyc rma frg h -cu dcrdg f ruh a uch. By cra, byd h hr f mraguag r prpa wdg, aphphr ypcay p h

32 Brg, A Yw R,Dreamtigers, ra. Mdrd Byr ad Hard Mrad,Au, Ury f txa Pr, 1964, p. 38.

33 ludwg Wg, Tractatus Logicophilosophicus, ra. Dad Par ad BraMcGu, nw Yr, Rudg, 2001, 6.522.

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pby f m radca ac uch a Paca wagr, krgaard apf fah, nch brag w f hry, r laca ad w f h ac, whhr rcy aayca (a h upubhd bXv f laca Seminar, frm 1967-1968, prcy d The PsychoanalyticalActad apprpray rrupd by h f May 68: i w-wha i rducd h pychaayca ac, ad i a ha wa byaccd ha h uphaa f May hud ha prd m frm rachg d34) r hca ad pca a much bradr (a h ca f rapdy grwg crpu f wrg). U Badu ram fh , wh whch mm cfad, wha mar h ac mpra ruh much a caharc f hrapuc ffc h ubjc.

5. th dc r f h g ad pag ubjc cuahr faur ha ypca f aphphy. idd, h xprc frarg a radca ac y g prcdc h pra frm adffc r ad ab h mpra ruh c, bu a mha h xprc ca b ramd xcp a ar-aubgraphcay ha parab frm h ubjc f h uca. th h xpr-ma, wrry d f aphphr, pr nch aphrm,krgaard dar, laca mar, sa Pau p, r why ?

d ad uqu prfrmac a a par:Frm Paca Mmorial h cu by laca, a h har f hmar, f h pra ad ua fa, frm Ruau Con-

fessions Why i am a Dy by nch, frm krgaard adRga rbua Wg ba wh xua ad ucdampa, h aphphr cmb pr h pubc a-g xp h hugh. Why? Bcau a ppd h rguadaymy f cc, ad aga ryhg phphy ha cam

pa h am f h ura, h aphphca ac, whch whu prcd r guara, ha y f ad ffc ffrby way f ag au.35

34 laca, Radph,Autres crits, p. 427.35 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 20. s aLogiques des mondes, p. 582

ad Saint Paul, p. 17. Badu cmm g ry much h am drc-: th lacaa wh h m cd f mary hm ard bd f cmprary apparg cray saj , wh acf affa ay grup f pychaay g hm a frdm h gady abuwh wcm, rp, a dcu fr h ch m, a ubuddprgraphy, ccpua juram, cacuad hrc, pu. i h d h r-

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A a ru, h aphphr rary pubh a rgac wr buypcay war bw h rc fragm ad h dgh f cm-p: th frma, whch h ppruy fr ac a prcdr h prcuppa wh mag a am fr f hrugh pubca- (pubca, a laca ud ay), c f h aph-phr characrc ra: h wr hr ym r ra, r ray a b. H prpud a pch f rupur, ad wrg u whcary.36 i rdr prduc uch a pch f rupur, h aph-phr dcara rqur h mmda prc f h pag ubjcwh h pch. Whc h mwha frc, hghy harca rac prcd ad f udrcu wha ad wh rfrc h cmparabxa pwr f ayg:

th aphphr hu cary pa in his proper name, admu hw h prpr a ra prf f h ayg. i ffc, h ha ada, r ay cmpa, fr h ac xcp mma hac f, c h d ha h ac ca r b jufd h rdrf hry. [] th bgraphca mpu, h a fr cf, ad h d a d f faua whch cary rcgab adwhch cmmad h wrry y f aphphr (gg bac h , hr a g wh a mar f aguag):h ar h cary cquc f h m ma aph-phca cray, h whch c, aga ma f ph-phy, hag auc ad prac, w am y, aac afc bra.37

ifar a h aphphr darb aga phphy ar up-prd y by h cra wh h radcay ay auhcy fh dcara f h ac a uch, y h pra, phyca maf-

a f h ubjc bhd h dcara ca g crdc ad, pa, ma pa. Fr xamp, wh laca affrm a h ry d f hAcu tachg: truh may b ccg, wdg pa h ac.38 Bu wha ma by h ac f aphphy?

mb laca wh h prpua harcaa, amad by a aumd drfr bad a, Logiques des mondes, pp. 587588.

36 Badu, Saint Paul, p. 31.37 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 21.38 laca, Acu ur gm, Autres crits, p. 305. Badu, h u-

pubhd mar, w hu df h lacaa ac a h pag wdgf h ra, whrby h Frchpasse en savoirhud a b udrd a h hm-ymupas sans savoir, ha , whu wg. th ypca aphph-

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4.

Bfr rurg Badu far xamp frm nch r Wg, mgh b ufu, fr pury ddacc purp f hgmr, qu Brg w df f h ahc ac. th fr fh ccud h pg ay Other Inquisitions, th Wa ad hB, whr Brg udrad h gma bhd h mprrsh Huag t muau druc f h brary ad h crucf h Ch wa:

Muc, a f happ, myhgy, fac mdd by m, crawgh ad cra pac a h ar ryg u mhg,

r ha d u mhg w hud ha md, r ar abu u mhg; ha mmc f a ra ha y pr-ducd , prhap, h ahc ac.39

th cd df f h ac par f Brg amp, h pr-gu h 1964 d f h Obra potica (Ccd Pry), dfwha h ca h ahc f Bry:

th a f h app (a Bry) h cac f h fruwh h paa, h fru f; aaguy (i wud ay) p-ry h cmmrc f h pm wh h radr, h rf ymb rgrd h pag f a b. th a apc h ahc ac, h thrill, h phyca mdfca prd by achradg. Prhap h hg w, bu a my ag mar ha ruh.40

i h a c, mrr, w ca hw h arch fr a radca

ac h ca a ahc r arch-ahc fac aw h a-

ca bary f ruh ad mag hu bcm raguad hrugh wdg.tchcay, hr wud b ruh f h ra ad hc, dp cam h crary, lacaa pc f ruh, a a whu qua mararud h ruh bu y a paag f h ra wdg by way f a m-pa f frmaa, wh md mahmaca ad wh mmcry h acca hrfr b cad arch-cfc.

39 Brg, th Wa ad h B, Other Inquisitions, p. 5 (raa mdfd rdr rdr el hecho esttico a h ahc ac rahr ha a h ahcfac, c bhd hecho w hud har ch fhacerad hacedor, a Grpoi-ein adpoits).

40 Brg, Obra potica 19231964, Bu Ar, emc, 1964, p. 11.

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phphr rdf ruh f, rahr ha j aghr.if h cagry maad a a, wha mar h ab a h xp-ra c r h ffc caud h ubjc, parcuary a pagubjc: th rahp f h ac wrg ccr, what ad, buh ffc f wha ad, whch mp a pug dw f h ad.41

Hr, ju a h gc f h rmadr m am aby mgy aguag, h mprac f h chag ha h ac cau h ubjc wha puh am ry aphphr h drc fa prfud whhr aagc r (mr frquy) farab Chray. A Badu wr abu h ac Wg ca: th f-fc f h archahc ac mu ccr hugh r dcr bu hubjc, whch ma f (r h wrd) d frm m. th why h

ac m Chray.42 th auhr f h Tractatushmf, -dd, had wr h 1950: i h ha f h hg ha Chrayay ha a gd dcr ar u. tha yu mu chag yur f.43Arady a phumu frm 1883, nch had ard mhgry mar, ab h m againsth c f Chray: i ugh ram a dcr; a cary y rafrm hpp ha hy accp . th wha zarahura fay udrd.44th a, w mgh add, wha ry aphphr udrad, aga

h dcr ha phphy ab ram.Afr h ram f wma, h dfg r f Chray cudhu b cdrd a cd drary faur f aphphy:

th cc f Chray mdr aphphy ha a ghry. W ca ay draw up h f aphphr f rgcabr: Paca, Ruau, krgaard, nch, Wg, la-ca. Wha jump h y ha fur f h ad a ara Chray: Paca, Ruau, krgaard, ad Wg-

; ha h ragd hard f nch f a a a rg abd a , whch a xpa ha h nch f h lrfrm mad ca g dffry a Dy r h Crucfd;ha laca, h y ru raa f h grup bu a h wh completesh cyc f mdr aphphy h hdChray b dc fr h cu f h ubjc f cc,

41 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 49.42Ibid., p. 50.43Ibid.44 nch a qud Ga vam, Il soggetto e la maschera: Nietzsche e il pro-

blema della liberazione, Ma, Bmpa, 1974, p. 349.

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ad ha a ha w hp u ur frm h rguhm, whch rucura.45

ehr rg h mpa f mag pr wh a ph-phy ha aphphy mu fgh ff, r h xprc f cr- h rad Damacu r a h prm md, h xmpary ma-rx, fr h aphphca ac. i bh car, hugh, h ac drawmuch f rgy, f ubjc-mar, frm rg, pcay frmChray.

5.

i h ca f nch, Wg, ad laca, Badu quaf hraphphca ac rpcy a arch-pca, arch-ahc, adarch-cfc. lag laca ca fr ahr m ad pac, ua a cr a Badu radg f nch ad Wg. Whamar h radg ccr y h aphphr bu a hphphr, c dagu wh h ar prraya a par f haphphca darb ha phphy ca ad mu rdf w

pra ra h ruh f a .th cruca p udradg h dffrc bw ac ad. th am hrca r mprca happg may b d bh ca, uch a a acua ruary uprg r a uqu arcprfrmac, bu aphphy ram f uch happg a acfw a r f prc ha ar b cfud wh hr rama ha fuc a h cd f ruh fr phphy.

thu, Wg ac cray ha much d wh ar, pcay

45 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 1819. th fac ha laca fr Baducompletesh cyc f cmprary aphphy may m pr a bac ay wh wud cam h au f aphphr fr hr afr lacauch a saj . ca, hwr, cud ry w b cmpard ka,a dcrbd ab (f 31). tha , wr, whch r ca ca -f phphca (prmary r ad aga cuura ud whch wy-y fud f crbd h Ag-Amrca wrd), cud b ad raccmdaaphphy phphy, parcuar udr h rhdx auhra f kaad Hg. Frdhp ad apparac f hrca crgc whadg,h apprach h pp f Badu, wh prp dffra h w, ah wh drawg cruca frm aphphy fr h purp f dfgh pra f phphy, whra a gu phphy day away aradywud m b a aphphy fr .

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muc a h pm f prpa c a a schphaur,bu aphphy a add a radca ad rgary dm wf ar, by abrbg rgy bac w dcur ad apprprag fr uqu purp a. th addd dm xpa h arch-ahc aur f h ac h ca f Wg:

th aphphca ac c g wha hr b maf-d, far a wha hr prcy ha whch ru prpca ay. if Wg aphphca ac ca gmay b d-card arch-ahc, bcau h g-b ha h prp-a frm f a pur hwg, f clarity, ad bcau uch caryhapp h uayab y h frm f a wr whu hugh

(h paradgm fr uch da cray muc fr Wg).i ay archi-ahc bcau a qu f ubug ar frphphy hr. i a qu f brgg h cfc adprpa acy h prcp f a cary wh (myca) -m byd h acy, ad h ra paradgm f whch ar. i hu a qu f frmy abhg h aw f h ayab (f hhab), rdr fr h uayab (h uhab, whch u-may g y h frm f ar) bsituateda h uppr mf h ayab f.46

smary, nch ca, h da f grad pc a h ac fbrag w h hry f h wrd cray prd by h p-ca ru, bu aga phphy (a aphphy) apprpra hruary fr w purp, bfr ryg h xpradcam f h arch-pca ac ha hu frmd a rag rjca acuay xg pc, cudg ruary pc, a bg au-hc cmpar:

nch adp wh rgard h ruary ac a rappr f fr-ma faca ad uba rpu. H prp fr hmf rdr frmay qua h phphca ac a a ac f hughad h appar xp pwr f h pc-hrca ru.i h , hugh dffcu prc, i hd ha hr aprmrda uur pc f a wr h ncha dpf.th phphca ac , i wud ay, archi-political, ha prpf ru a f humay a mr radca ha ha

f h cacua f pc. Frm h u ra ha arch-pc

46 Badu, sc, pm, a, p. 17.

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d dga h rada phphca purp f fdg agrud fr pc. th gc, c aga, a gc f rary, ad f fudg rgh [urpmb fdaur]. i h phphcaac f ha arch-pca, h ha hrca xp

w hw, rracy, ha h pca ru prpry pagha b ruhfu, r ha b auhc.47

if, hrugh aphphy ag pc, h ruary rabrbd h aphphr w dcur, h a crcuarargum bcm ab. nch mu bh ad a h m dcarha h preparesa mr radca ha ay ffc pc-hrca adguaranteeh auhcy f h bra y h ba f h

ry dcara. Whc h dffcuy f dcdg whhr nch,hrugh zarahura, mry prpar h rma r whhr h aradyh fr rma hmf:

i h ha h crc, whch maf f hr a ubjc xp-ur wh cry am ha f a cra a, ruh hcrc f a arch-pc. sc d cu h a cd-, bu rahr da r prd da h ac f hughf, ca dcrma ffcy frm aucm. th

r pra f zarahura am h crc ad g h b f rag udcdaby h qu f whhr zarahura h fgur f h ac ffcy r h fgur f prphcy purad mp.48

th why nch, mr ha ay hr aphphr,mu cary appar pr wh h w pch. Badu g far a df nch mad rm f h ry crc, whch

h ucag ubjc pa fa h w uca, whraa phphy wud prcy b ab d whu h qu f Whpa?:

i wud hd ha h qu wh?, whr r rur,uppr h m rgary gur f phphy, whch, udr hcd f mahmac, ha prcy dpyd h dagca hm,ha ay, h hm f a am ha pby ubracd frmh rgar f h qu wh?. Phphy ha b pb

47 Badu, Casser en deux lhistoire du monde, p. 11.48Ibid., p. 14.

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y by admg h pby f a aymu am, ha ay, a am wh xama ad crcua d dpd m-mday h qu f wh frmua .49

A w w , nch arch-pca ad Wg arch-a-hc ac mp u h a f carfyg, by way f cra, h p-ra wh whch phphy apprach h . Ad y, w w a ha aphphy, ad frm prdg h phphr wh a rf rpcab ad prhap dpab rcur, pr a campa wh Badu w phphy.

Bfr frmuag a r f qu ad b draw frm hrary bw phphy ad aphphy Badu rpra,

hwr, i wa uppm h f ara ra wh wha prhaph qua phra h yb f h aphphr, a quwhch Brg by way f Jam Bw arbu Wam Hry Hud, h ay Abu The Purple Land, frm Other Inquisitions: imprg hprfc f a phra dugd by Bw, Hud ay ha may m h f h udr h udy f maphyc, bu happ away r-rupd hm.50 Brg, m aphphr, hu ypcay dcrdphphy cam by appag h y f a ubjc r xa

xprc, h hr f whch a capab f prducg acua happ-. i fac, arady Wg had f h d ry ar, bu a rg, parcuar Chray, a aud ha uayab f h wrd whch ma f bh baufu ad happy, a h d h dary, ag abu nch: t h ruh Chray h ypah ha ad wh cray happ, whrby happ, a Baducmm, dga f wh (h wrd praccd accrdg , whch , a wa h ca fr Paca, ab frm h wrd f). 51th ga whch add happ f rc h ca f

a cra a umay ha fr whch phphy, accrdg aphphca dracr r cr cmpr, ca y b a ba-c ha mu b rmd bu a rdcud.

49Ibid., p. 17.50 Brg, Abu The Purple Land, Other Inquisitions, p. 144.51Wg, qud Ray M,Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius, nw

Yr ad ld, Pgu, 1990, p. 122; Badu, sc, pm, a, p.19.

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6.

A fr h b draw frm h cfra wh aph-phy, w mgh ay ha h ar mp mpra r h w c-cp f uur ad dar, a hy ar dpd rpcy BaduManifesto for Philosophy adEthics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil.

suur, Badu Manifesto, am h pra whrby ph-phy, ad f gg qua wgh ach f fur cd ha ar hruh prcdur f ar, cc, pc, ad , cac f u ad d-ga pwr a g f h prcdur, fr xamp, ccdurg h p uur f phphy, pc durg h Marx-l uur, pry wh Hdggr, ad pay (r frd-

hp) wh la ad Drrda. A uur happ, hr wrd, whphphy delegates fuc r hr f cd, hadgr h wh f hugh onegrc prcdur. Phphy h car-rd u h m f w uppr h gra bf f haprcdur.52 Badu radg f nch r ad frm h faprd f mad, hwr, prupp a rahr dffr udradgf h prc f uur. Hr, phphy d abdca w ac far f grad pc r ar much a apprpra h pwr f h r-

uary bra ghr wh h frma rurc f pry guara prphc ram fr w a, wh a paradxca dgraf ffc pc a ru. th gc much mr f mmcry adrary ha f abdca ad f-ffacm. th hu ha rdr ad fag h rap f aphphy, phphy wud ha dp a ra cd ha, ha a maur f rra,crcum h mpa f uur h hr a w. e d-p a g jufcary Logics of Worldsabu h cmpaby fBadu fuc a a phphr wh by df h rm f r-a ruh ad h r a a ma gagd a m-bud hrca mdf pc, hwr, h ra f phphy cd ad h p-ra wh whch ra hm ha , h phphca rahr hah aphphca udradg f w ac rc xpaa- byd h pay f g ad bg d by arady prpd Manifesto for Philosophy, w raad h dagruy da ccp-maphr f ubma, frmaa, ad (r)ma.53

th ra c prhap xpa why Badu phphy d

52 Badu,Manifesto for Philosophy, p. 61.53 Badu,Logiques des mondes, pp. 544547.

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away maag a ff w aphphca dc. Wh h i am gr rfrrg y h mpa aga whch Baduhmf, ha h dagu wh aphphy, pu u guard adwhch hg mr ha h rgu mpa f r mag:A-phphy pu phphy guard. i hw h ru f ad h dgmac dagr f ruh. i ach ha h rupur wh rg r df. tha mu a up h a aga. tha ruh mu,c aga ad away, b cuard.54 Bu i wud ay ha aph-phy ach u ha h ra dagr, cudg fr Badu w phphy, h rg f mag bu rahr h radcam f h pur a abu bgg, r h ram f h a m d f arch-, ha ay, h d, h cfa f h wh h ac.

th ac, whch hrw cud b cdrd mpy h aphph-ca am f h , fuc ry dffry aphphy frm h phphy. Pc, ar, r cc fr h aphphr r a cd bu a md b mad ad abrbd phphyf a hugh h ar, qua aphphy, wr capab f prducg, r f bg, a grad w rgh. th wud mar a dar,bu h f Badu Ethics, whch df h rm a a cmpfrcg f a g ua, cudg h p ha hud rma uam-

ab, h am f ruh: th why i w ca h fgur f e a da-r, a dar f ruh ducd by h abua f pwr.55 iad,aphphy pr u wh a dar ha cr h way h rm ud h ay frm Conditions appdd h egh raaf h Manifesto, whr phphy ad xp hugh dar bymagg ha mpy cagry f ruh ca b fd ad gmad whxrm, crma prcrp:

th y h urabu ha phphy wrd frm wh by

h chrc mpa f ag h pra f h mpy cagryf truh a dca h mup prcdur f h prduc fruh. or : ha phphy, rucg h praa guaryf h g f ruh, itselfprd a bg a ruh prcdur.Whch a ma ha prd a a ar, a cc, a pa r apcy. nch phphr-p; Hur wh f phphy a argru cc; Paca r krgaard wh f phphy a

54 Badu, Wh nch?, p. 10.55 Badu,Ethics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil, ra. Pr Haward, ld

ad nw Yr, vr, 2001, p. 85.

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xprc; Pa phphr-g: a may ra-phphca ch-maa f h prma pby f dar.56

th ad m, a fa r f qu, a whhr hr ar a mary daru aphphca dc a wr Baduw hugh. Ad f , whr?

7.

i ju ha phphy, ffr dag f frm a-phphca pp, mu cu r rg. Badu,

h upubhd mar laca aphphy, cray car adadama ugh abu h bga, whch cay frc phphy prfrm a mma c frm h rgu m.57 i h ,hugh, ad p f h cruca r payd by Chray, mwharhay qua aphphy f wh rg prdc fr hffab, h way Pr Haward d h hrw xmpary udyf Badu phphy: Aphphy rg phphca gu,argud phphca rra, r aga: Aphphy prcam a

ffab, racd Mag, grapd h ac rfua f ph-phca pr ruh.58 Wh h cray hd ru fr h caf Wg r Paca, accp h qua a a gra fac wud baamu grg laca aac phphy prpr a dr bya rgu arch fr mag, whch prcy h updy frm whch

56 Badu,Manifesto for Philosophy, pp. 128129. Badu f am hud uffc ccud ha h mpa f dar, udrd h , uqu aphphr bu app Hur r Pa a w ad dub a

Pa uch a Badu, a i argu hr.57 Frm Badu 19941995 mar Lantiphilosophie lacanienne, parcuarh f Jauary 18, 1995.

58 Haward, Badiou, p. 20. thr mgh b gd ra hd h qua-: Haward ca hu cam ha Badu ad h rgu dm f aph-phy y by radcag h pury ubrac, raa, r adaccacharacr f h whch Haward ca h pp h dmad fr a ra-a phphy, whch wud b ry mg frm Badu ur. My g-g pmc wh h rpra cud b ummard by ayg ha Hawardprraya ( ha f Da Bad) acuay dpc a -dd mag f Badua a cmp aphphr, r a m wh mr radcay aphphcaha a w aphphr, whra my y hr ar py f m h hr rbua aga aphphy ha ca r h purp f a mr r-aa ( dacca) udradg f h .

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aphphy awa u. smary, whu hag nch A-Chr, Badu b sa Pau udrcr hx whch h ac aphphr, wh dy cra aubqu Chra dcr, rh p h myca r bcura- dcur a arm gh, h p ha ca b dd ha hr hm, ad h a h amg h rcgd ap, a h-ca dm f abcuram. Fr Pau w prm h Chradcara jufy f hrugh h ffab.59 thu, y wud b mprc qua aphphy ad rg bu prcy faphphy ga ha rg cu wa bhdphphy f ruh a mag.

Hwr, ad frm h rgu urg, hr a ahr way f d-

fg h aphphca mpa a wr wh Badu phphy,fr whch h b sa Pau aga ca r a a gd ca p.idd, i wud ay ha hr a prfud ca ha ru hrughh udy bw, had, a ffr dm Pau aphphya a dcur b rard ad y p a a dac, ad, h hr,a dp faca wh h uraradcam f h dcur, wh ra cudg yc a a ru cm rafrrd am by Badu w phphy a w, bh h b ad whr. i

hu bcm frquy mpb Saint Paul dcr whhr graam rgardg ruh, h ac, h ubjc, ad , bg h a-phphca apc f h Ap dcr, whch hrfr wud ha b rjcd, r whhr hy ca add b arbud, a f wr a fr drc y, Badu w hry f h . th hry, fac, by ma mpdd bu hr uch dcrby.

if w ar a Badu wrd fr , Pau aphphca dcyca b crcumd fary ay by parag h ara frm f h pr-pa frm h fab f rgu r myhca c. i w b bjcd

ha, h pr ca, fr u ruh dga a mr fab. Grad, buwha mpra h ubjc gur grapd fudg pwrwh rpc h grc cd f uray, Badu wr: thah c f h fab mu b abadd a a rmadr h frmf h cd ad, parcuar, h ru f ry amp ag hdcur f ruh prcud hrca aggrga.60 Bu i wud ar-

59 Badu, Saint Paul, p. 52.60 Badu, Saint Paul, p. 6. s a h ccu: i ray, h Pau bra ha

a barg up h frma cd ad h ab cquc f a ccu--f-ruh rd a pur , dachd frm ry bjc aga

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gu ha hr a mhg abu h frm f h frm f h pur ha radcay aphphca, a Badu hmf hw mrcary h ca f nch ad Wg. Cdr, fr xamp, hfwg am (may mr cud b qud), whch h arbudpch qucy fwd by a fr drc y ha ma mpb dcd whhr h p bg dcrbd Pau r Badu, r bh.

Fr Pau, h mrgc f h ac f h ay d h cc ha Chra dcur abuy new. th frmuaaccrdg whch Gd u h s gf prmary a rwh Hry, hrugh whch , a nch w pu , br w, rahr ha grd by a racd rcg cfrmy whyh aw f a pch.61 i pur , pg f a pch, rafrma

f h ra bw h pb ad h mpb:62

Fr Pau, h ha cm pr mhg; pur bg-g. Chr rurrc hr a argum r a accmph-m. thr prf f h ; r h a prf.63

n wdr ha Badu, m f h ac Saint Paulwhrh pur r h ad d a a radca bgg,

d mmday ur a cmpar wh nch arch-pcaac f brag h hry f h wrd w ha, hugh -whr, fr xamp BaduEthics, h ac cad a dar: nch Pau ra far mr ha h pp. Bh har h am dr a a w pch huma hry, h am cc ha ma ca admu b rcm, h am cray ha w mu ha d wh gu adaw.64 Wha mrg mr cary frm Badu dcu f nch h pby ha h dr fr a abu bgg a da du h fuc f aphphy, wh xrmm h phphr wud

hrfr ha h a f mprg, f h aw appa xd h hry f h . e Saint Paul, wh dcug h ragprxmy bw Pau ad nch, Badu : th ruh habh brugh aphphy h p whr gr c a cr-qu, hwr radca, f h whm ad p f h maphyca r

h parcuar aw f a wrd r cy y ccry dd bcm crbdwh a wrd ad wh a cy (pp. 107108).

61Ibid., p. 43.62Ibid., p. 45.63Ibid., p. 49.64Ibid., p. 72. Badu dcu nch dar Ethics, p. 84.

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ag. A much mr ru mar a u: ha f brgg abu hrughh a uquafd affrma f f aga h rg f dah adh ga.65 i h a h ca f Badu ccp f h ,whch a a cquc wud ha b cdrd a carryg a rr-b m f aphphy wh ?

i pca rm, w cud ca h m h pcua fm, rurafm, ha cmm a aphphr. th magary wagrup a abu y bra w h hry f h wrd fa rcg ha h ra f h cd f pby f r away h crcua f a arady dcdd , Badu wr Beingand Event: Wha h dcr f h ach u rahr ha h -r ffr fwg h cquc, grfyg

ccurrc. thr mr a agc hrad f h ha hr ahr. Bg d cmmc.66 i m f a ca, furhrmr, hpcua fm ary dguhab y ahr characr-c aca frm dgca pp. Gg r h , hr a g amg h aphphr wh pa f agar curbaacd by upc f racary cquc, maghr pc ary mpb p dw: Apc, cud ay,para aphphy.67 i prcy uch uraradcam ha ur

bhd h pur frm f h a dfd h ba f Chray Badu b Pau. i hr wrd, h cruca p b grapd h rgard ju h p bw gd frm (h prc f auraa) ad bjcab c (h fab f Chray ad hRurrc) bu hw aphphy ad a wd udradg fh radca bra f h , cudg pury frma apc, a md f arch- (whch wha i wud ca h aphphca da- f h qua ac).

8.

l m rphra h h rm pcfc Badu rpra fPau a rpra whch, a a ru f ry w aphph-

65Ibid.66 Badu, Being and Event, ra. or Fham, ld, Cuum, 2005, pp.

210211. s a Thorie du sujet, Par, d du su, 1982: th da h f fw a prpc f fgh. i a radcam f y. i bra a mr-rr (p. 223).

67 Mr, op. cit., p. 152.

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ca dc, w ur u b far mr amba ha appar a frgh. i h chapr tx ad Cx, Badu dcu f h mmpra da r hrag d frm wh Pau dc-r, amy, h upurg f a hry ha cud ca ura-Pau, haf Marc, a h bgg f h cd cury, accrdg whch hbra bw h od ad h nw tam abu a a rm whar fr mda, ad fr whch Pau wud b h ygu ap: By puhg a , cud arr a Marc ccp-: h w gp a abu bgg.68 Badu fr ur carabu h cc ha h d fac cu a hry, dd f ayra fuda h Pau crpu. thr x f Pau frm whch cud draw ayhg rmbg Marc dcr, h ay, addg:

tha Pau mpha rupur rahr ha cuy wh Judam dub. Bu h a ma, ad a gca, h. D ucybrdg h w ua parad by h Chr-, ad a mm ca dub.69 Ad y, a w arady aw ab, Badu umr-u cca m dfy h w p wh h dcr f h a a cmp bra, a abu caura, r a radca bgg: iwa a hudrb, a caura, ad a dacca rra.70 thu, dffcu ua ha h dcr, udr h aurg fuc f h

aphphca ac, hw rac ha by w prxmy h hryf ura-Paum.Ahr way f dcug h rg aphphca mpa

h rm prpr Badu Saint Paul hrugh h qu f dac-ca mda, h ra f a , ad h cc bwubjca ad h ubjc prc f fdy. i fac, h ar mryhr prpc frm whch p ad h am udryg prbm,ccrg h ra f ay g ruh h a f affar whch fr ar. i ach ca, h aphphr dcy w c r-

g h umdad, dccd, ad why ubjc aur f h ruhf a . Badu w aphphca mpa hu rpady ad a rmpha h adacc f ruh ad acuay. ery aph-phy, hr wrd, a h am m prpud a adacc. thd-daca f h Chr- aw u xrac a frma, whycuard ccp f grac frm h myhgca cr, w rad

68Ibid., pp. 3435. i Thorie du sujet, Badu a cmpar h pca d-a rgu hr, pcay rghwg Aram (fr whm Chr mry huma) ad fwg Gcm (fr whm Chr pury d).

69Ibid., pp. 3435.70Ibid., p. 17.

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Saint Paul: Grac, cquy, a mm f h Abu. i af-frma whu prmary ga; wha cm up u cauraf h aw. i pur ad mp encounter.71 Grac, caura, cur may aphphca ad adacca ccp-maphr fr h qua pur ac.

th r pu h a radca y, abu bgg, rca a gr h x whch a away d a pcfcua by way f . Badu hmf hu frwar u: tha h w hud r u frg ha uch y wh rpc a dr-ma ua, whr mb h m f , whch maha a away a forh r ha ua ad ju a rfrrg y f a rg f-bgg: th a ha

daum ha mma a ua ad r h cmp f h f, addrg thisguar ua, rahr ha ahr.72 ifac, much fSaint Paulr prcy arud h qu f h ra- f h f Chr cmg , a dfd by h dcur fGr phphy, Jwh rg, ad Rma aw. th way whchh b dp ad xpad a ray udrudd qu frmBeingand Event: Wha h xac ra bw h uppd uray fh pa ruh (ha , wha frrd frm Chr rurrc) ad

h a , whch , dubaby, h a bud ghr by h odtam?73 A radg fSaint Paulha fcu h pur, ad ,whu cudg ag h ua a , a b uaraad a wr m h b acua a. Ad y, w ar a gha hr ar gd ra hd uch a radg. Pau hmf ad haphphr wh away urg Badu, ffc, ypcay dw-pay h dacc bw h d ad h w, bw ruh ad , rbw a ad acuay, wh dffcu machup wud b Paum daug gacy h phphr.

smary, f a ha mar h brf y f h upurg,h w mgh a w qua, rc aphphca fah, ubjc adubjca: i h gu f h , h ubjc isubjca.74 Bu,u h rducd a ahg cau f hyrca ubjca,

71Ibid., p. 66. if ry aphphy prp a adacc, hwr, w ar fwdrg hw Badu ca affrm ha Paca, Ruau, Maarm, ad laca, whar a aphphr, ad bfr u a h fur gra Frch dacca. sBhaj kacm,vnement et rptition, p. 229.

72 Badu, ibid., p. 70.73Ibid., p. 22.74Ibid., p. 81.

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whch dappar r ha appar, a ruh add rqurha a w ccy ad a w aw b abrad h prc fa gg fdy: th rajcry f a ruh, whch u ubjca dachd frm h a aw f h ua, h caccrdg ahr aw: h ha, addrg h ruh ry,ura h ubjc.75 Pau, h , wud acuay ha had au ha ru cur a ara ra f a aphphy, whchprg h hyrc aau dcara r ad ab h ph-phr dcur f mary: Pau ha h u ha ry ubjc harcua f a ubjca ad a ccy. th a ma ha hr aau aa; grac f mr ha h dca f apby. th ubjc ha b g h abr, ad y h ud-

d mrgc.76 Mr f ha , hugh, h mpha fa hay h ubjc upurg a radcay ad cmpy ubracd frm a prc-ua ad bjc crp: Fr h udd mrgc rfw frm h xc f a a . Ahugh rqur cdf mmac, ha udd mrgc rh rma f h rdr fgrac.77

Fay, hr h qu f y. Badu w wrg, bh SaintPaulf ad whr, cud b dcrbd rm f h characrc

arbud h Ap r. th f Chr cmg rducd apur bgg, hu, ca b ramd y h m apdary f wr-g y: oy a ccrad y, hr f h marm f prphcad haumaurgca raur, ca b apprpra uch a rduc. thr dub ha Pau a upra wrr: cdd, apdary, w-g ju wh uah uuua ad pwrfu mag.78 th arbu,whu xcp, ar a appcab Badu w wrg, parcuary h caca raparcy ad cc fBeing and Event. e h rf mahmac ma a budr car h grud f a bcur

magry, a d dc, ad a fa prfudy, ju a Pau ay carf Ju Chr parab ad mrac. Bu umay, wha mar fara h pr ccrd arguma ad dma, h frcfuxrac f a a cr f hugh, w rad Saint Paul: thr h pr, udr h mpra f h , mhg d ad m-, mhg ha, prcy bcau a qu f rg hugh

75Ibid., p. 87.76Ibid., pp. 9192. Cf. arr: Fdy h dcara cruca, fr ruh a

prc, ad a uma (p. 15).77Ibid., pp. 7071.78Ibid., p. 33.

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ward h ura in its sudden emerging singularity, bu dpdy fa acd, gb u whu hag rr cumbrmhrca mda.79 Bu h a wha ma f Pau a aph-phr? or, pu h h hr way arud, hud w ay ha h x-rac f a a cr f hugh a dcr f h pur hrff frm a hrca mda ad acua ccurrc crbu , rm frm, h aphphca rd Badu w hg?

9.

Fr ur, hr a prc b pad fr h y f m guary.

W aw h m cary h ca f nch, wh grad pc r-a ffc hrc-pca uch a h Frch Ru, a cd bu a md mmc ad, f pb, uprfrm. Bumhg mar ccur, i wud argu, wh Badu phphca ra-m f cra , ay Maarm pry r Bc pr. th ar,hu, h had f h phphr am by cy, f bcau fm d f prfa dfrma, d bcm f-cad x-mpfca f h qua .80 i fac, prhap hr ac

h dcy mr papab ha Badu ra h radca acdcard by aphphr, frm Pau nch laca, wh rf-rc ar ypcay ffc wh h pb xcp flaca wh capab f g Frud a a ray xg prr ac adwh bcau f h cmp h cyc f cmprary aphphy bu fab r ca f pur fy ad f-mpdg prphc: tha h (r pur ac) d by aphphr fcu d pra prbm. i quay Paca ( h am a Pau), r nch(nch grad pc dd bra h hry f h wrd w;

wa nch wh wa br).81Badu ra Pau r nch, hr wrd, mar

h ra f h w aphphr hm rpcy ChrRurrc ad h Frch Ru. i a ra f rary admmcry, dpd a ampfd mmc f h ac qua arch-,wh radcam ca fa duc h phphr fr ugg ha

79Ibid., pp. 33 ad 36.80 i dcu h xamp f Maarm Ar, Pc, Hry: n Badu ad

Racr,Inaesthetik, 0, 2008.81 Badu, ibid., p. 108.

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phphy, afr a, may b ab prduc r b a wrgh. Whch mhg h phphr, chcay pag, caprcam whu fag h rap f a daru prcrp ha wuda c pu hm h camp f aphphy: l ay, prry, hah aphphr h the event of philosophy, a Mdh Bhajkacm wr a p r Badu: Only for the antiphilosopher canphilosophy be an event.82 Whc, cary, h duc pwr f h aph-phr fr Badu a w. e a a r-dg a, h uppd gapbw phphy ad aphphy aw h pmc ha hca ( df, by pp h ac, h mpy phphca ccp fh , cdd by ffc ruh prcdur) ad a ( rab-rb h rrfuab radcay f h ac a arch-pca, arch-ahc, r

arch-cfc bra r abu bgg, bfr dcardg a a mrac, a h harca f h rm). th why h phphracuay hr h d parrg mach wh h m uruaphphr.

Whr d a h a radr m, wh ar hr phphrr aphphr ad wh up h pmc wh h amud cu-ry f m wachg a much pubcd machup a pr uryfrg hr w cuur? Fr hg, a u wh h p f

fdg a mdd cur wh a i wud ca hry c prxm-y rmdary dcur ha wr pcfc ruh prcdur ucha pychaay fr r ahc fr ar a a qua dac fphphca dcphp ad aphphca r: hr bd bd-c h mar r hyrca ca.83

Fr Badu, f cur, h a mr ragh-frward. th ph-phr, h w away a, mu ay h c prxmy h aph-phr, wh a p hm guard aga h mpa f rg,dar, r h rc f gd pur ad mp. i h d, h wud

b h gacy ha nch, Wg ad laca bquah h wh affrm h pby f phphy day:

i h ha a hr bu nch ca whu dub h mdramac h a ac acrfcd hm fr phphy.thr aphphy a mm f pug f dah, r

82 Bhaj kacm, ibid, p. 217.83 s h ccu f my thg h e: Aa Badu Phphy ad

h ta f Crca thry,Emerging Trends in Continental Philosophy, d. tdd May,. 8 fThe History of Continental Philosophy, d. Aa D. schrf, ld, Acum,frhcmg.

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f cg f, ha mhg mpra may b bquahd phphy. Aphphy away wha, a ry xrm, ah w duy f phphy, r w pby h fgur f a wduy. i h f nch mad, f Wg rag aby-

rh, f laca fa mu. i a hr ca aphphy ah frm f a gacy. i bquah mhg byd f h ryhg ha fghg aga. Phphy away h hr a-phphy.84

84 Badu, Wh i nch?, p. 11.

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