54545454545454545454 - civiclab.narod.ruciviclab.narod.ru/tanamemamule_3_29.pdf · ena, kultura,...

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Tanamemamule 3(29), 2008qarTvel

emigrantTaJurnali

saiubileo rubrika

Tanamemamule 5 wlisaa

piter naismiTis foto

komunisturi memkvidreoba autaneli aRmoCnda saqar-TvelosaTvis, 90-iani wlebis dasawyisidan Cveni mosaxleo-bis 25%-ma miatova samSoblo da emigraciis tkivilian gzas Seudga. Cakluli suli, warTmeuli neba, Selaxuli Tav-moyvareoba, radikalurad gansxvavebuli mentaliteti da msoflmxedveloba, gadarCena-damkvidrebisaTvis yovel-dRiuri brZola, nostalgia, dabneuloba – ai, es aris xve-dri, romelic Cvens emigracias xvda wilad.

meore mxriv, emigracia saqarTvelos fizikuri gadarCe-nis erT-erTi pirobac gaxldaT. saerTo umuSevrobis fon-ze swored qveynidan gasulma qarTvelma emigrantebma daa-pures samSobloSi darCenili asiaTasobiT TanamoZme, amave gziT ivseboda da ivseba savaluto rezervebic qarTul eko-nomikaSi.

qarTulma emigraciam ucxoeTSi nel-nela waradgina adre ruseTad aRqmuli saqarTvelo da warmoaCina qarTuli ena, kultura, xelovneba Tu tradiciebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom am mimarTulebiT kidev amouwuravi SesaZleblobebi gagvaCnia.

2003 wlis 26 maiss – saqarTvelos damoukide-blobis dRes, emigraciis axalma talRam Sva Jurnali “Tanamemamule”, romelic ager ukve 5 welia dRiTidRe viTardeba, frTebs Slis, qarTul sityvas axmaurebs msoflios 20-ze met qveyana-Si. drom is dasavleT evro-pasa da amerikaSi mcxovrebi naxevarmilioniani qarTuli armiis centralur perio-dul gamocemad aqcia. “Tanamemamule” kars uRebs ucxoeT-Si mcxovreb TanamoZmeebs, raTa arsebobis umTavresi azri – samSoblosadmi msaxureba, qarTuli jiSis gadarCena da dawinaureba ar ganeldes.

Cveni redaqcia sibrZniTa da siyvaruliT miuyveba emi-graciis myinvarwvers. “Tanamemamules” Tavis sarbielad arasodes gauxdia TanamoZmeTa qiliki, usamarTlo kritika da lanZRva. Cven Seuferadeblad avsaxavT emigraciuli cxovrebis tkivilian yofas, sanTliT veZebT warmavlobisa da daviwyebis niaRvarSi Cavardnil qarTul foliants, va-SuqebT saqarTveloSi mimdinare politikur da ekonomikur procesebs, periodulad vaqveynebT Cveni gmiruli warsu-lis suraTebs, kars vuxsniT saTqmel monatrebul Tanamo-dardeebs, qarTul enasTan vaSinaurebT ucxoeTis miwaze aRzrdil qarTvel bavSvebs, amasTanave asparezs vuTmobT fereidanSi, hereTsa da TurqeTSi saqarTvelos mSobliur sxeuls mokveTil Cveneburebs, romlebic jer kidev gulis siRrmeSi inaxaven saukuneebisgan gaxunebul qarTul sun-Tqvas da elodebian cisartyelas miRma darCenili iveriis gabrwyinebas. Cveni rubrikebis mizania erTiani qarTuli kulturis warmoCena, madlmofena, axal simaRleebze ayva-na, ukve arsebul-mopovebuli sulieri sazrdos SenarCune-ba da TaobaTa cvlis harmoniaSi gadacema.

“Tanamemamule” damoukidebeli, arakomerciuli Jur-nalia da gamoicema saqvelmoqmedo sawyisebze. Cven vicavT presis Tavisuflebisa da Jurnalisturi eTikis principebs. sazRvargareT gamomavali sxva Jurnal-gazeTebisagan gan-sxvavebiT, “Tanamemamule” dakompleqtebulia ucxoeTSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebis publikaciebiT. masSi ver ixilavT

qarTuli presidan gadmomRerebul publikaciebs. Cveni Jurnalis momzadebaSi dauRalavad iRvwis yvela

asakisa Tu socialuri fenis warmomadgeneli: studenti, muSa, biznesmeni, diplomati da mecnieri. isini damRleli sa-muSao dRis Semdeg mainc pouloben Zvirfas wuTebs da uSur-velad axmaren “Tanamemamules” srulyofa-ganviTarebas.

redaqcia ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs TanamSrom-lobisaken mogiwodebT. SegvatyobineT sazRvargareTis ama Tu im qveynis qarTul sazogadoebaSi mimdinare procesebis Sesaxeb, gamogvigzavneT werilebi da sapublikacio masale-bi. redaqcia yovelTvis sixaruliT miiRebs da gamoaqvey-nebs maT.

* * *rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, “Tanamemamules” dabade-

bis dRe saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenis dRes daemTxva.

Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, gi-locavT saqarTvelos da-moukideblobis SesaniSnav dResaswauls, Jurnal ”Ta-namemamules” xuTi wlis iu-biles da Cveni qveynis winsv-lasa da gabrwyinebas gisur-vebT.

qarTul sazogadoebas dRes ZalTa umagaliTo er-Toba da arnaxuli konso-lidacia sWirdeba, rameTu samoselSecvlili wiTeli urCxuli ukanasknel revan-Sistul gabrZolebas gvi-cxadebs, raTa isev omSi Ca-gviTrios da amiT Seayovnos axalgazrda qarTuli saxel-

mwifos svla demokratiis, WeSmariti damoukideblobisa da evroatlantikuri integraciis gzaze.

miuxedavad araerTi SantaJisa da provokaciisa, mtris xafangSi ar unda gavebaT. istoriuli mexsiereba gvamcnobs da mware gamocdileba gvkarnaxobs, rom ruseTi saqarTve-los verasdros ver aRiarebs Tanasworuflebian partnio-rad, Crdiloeli mezobeli Tavsmoxveuli “neitralitetis” SeTanxmebas iseve gadagvaxevs Tavze, rogorc georgievskis traqtatsa da 1920 wels damoukideblobis aRiarebas.

saqarTvelos erovnuli suverenitetisa da teritoriu-li mTlianobis garanti ara ruseTi, aramed saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba, kerZod ki evroatlantikuri aliansi unda gaxdes, rac mxolod da mxolod ruseTis gavlenis sfero-dan gamosvlis SemTxvevaSi aris SesaZlebeli. amisTvis ki saqarTvelom demokratiuli arCevnebis saxiT bolo “saxel-mwifo” gamocda unda Caabaros. modiT, yvelam Cveni wvlili SevitanoT am saqmeSi...

umtkicesi rwmena, dauokebeli swrafva, patiosani Se-gneba usaSvelod gvWirdeba axla, rom xerxemalSi lamis ga-damtvreul qarTul sxeuls boZebad SevudgeT, raTa Cvens samSoblos aTasi gadamTielis xeliT warTmeuli istoriu-li mexsiereba davubrunoT.

hfaravdes dedaRvTismSoblis wmida kalTa Cvens saqar-Tvelos!

P.S. da bolos, gvsurs Tqvens samsjavroze “Tanamemamu-les” adreuli nomrebidan amokrebili amonaridebi gamovi-tanoT. wamkiTxvelma Tavad gansajos, ra cecxli mogvdebia da ra cremli dagvdenia, mSobliuri “miwis yivili” CvenSi razom Zlieria.

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emigrantTaJurnali

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saiubileo rubrika

Tanamemamule 1, maisi 2003 weli.

26 maisi

grigol robaqiZe, “bedi qarTlisa”“...1918 weli, maisis 26. cxaddeba aqti saqarTvelos damoukideblobisa. zeimi jer kidev ar damTavrebula, erTi mo-zeime morbis “mama-daviTisaken”, eqsta-ziT ayvanili da aelvarebuli. uaxlo-vdeba salocavs. avardeba samrekloze da zarebis rekviT amcnevs samSoblos: “aRsdga saqarTvelo!” me ar megulveba arc erTs universalur eposSi mamuli-Sviluri aqti, egzom ayvanili miTiur simaRlemde”.

* * *Tanamemamule 2, ivnisi-ivlisi, 2003 weli

isev samSobloSi

karlo inasariZe, miunxeni, 1996 weli...vcxovrobdi ra umTa-vresad miunxenSi (germania) da agreTve parizSi (sa-frangeTi), Sevqmeni ojaxi - Svilebi, SviliSvilebi, da ganvicade ra cxovrebis aR-marT-daRmarTis yvela sa-fexuri fizikuri sikvdilis garda, araerTxel Cavufi-qrdi cxovrebis deda-azrs. sad ar vyofilvar, romeli qveyana ar minaxavs... magram vfiqrob da mjera, rom sam-Soblos Semcvleli qveyana ar arsebobs, TviT e.w. „meo-re samSoblos“ CaTvliT. sam-Soblo erTia da amiT aris Zvirfasi, Tumca „meore sam-Soblo“ gansazRvrul zne-Cvevebs qmnis CvenSi, rac deda-samSoblos siyvaruls ki ar agalebs, aramed amdidrebs. ...sad unda ipovos adamianma sayrdeni, dasayrdeni, „kera“?.....kera CemTvis sofel kuSubouris Cemi quxna-saxlis keraa, romlis irgvliv dabal sufrasTan, jorkoebze vzivarT da kecebze gamomcxvar Wads Seveqce-viT, romelTagan erTi Cemma meuRle-mac (ucxo miwaze dabadebul-gazr-dilma qarTvelma) gamoacxo, Tumca Suacecxlze gaxurebuli kecebi da ma-TSi wablis Tu Ckeris SefuTuli da ga-momcxvari Wadi arasodes uWamia. viTom es dasavleT evropis civilizaciiT ga-nebivrebulis „romantikaa“ da sxva ara-feri?.. ara, araviTar SemTxvevaSi.

* * *Tanamemamule 4, oqtomberi-noemberi, 2003 weli

osmaleTs gadaxvewil qar-TvelTa sevda

asmaT taoeli, stambuli, TurqeTi

...aaxlac Tvalwin midgas 94 wlis enver bei [ximSiaSvilis], misi sasowarkve-Tili saxe. isev Camesmis misi xma, – ra davaSaveT aseTi, rom samSoblodan ga-dmoxvewilebs ukan dabruneba ar gve-Rirsao... qarTvels qadiqoiSi (ubani stam-bulSi, Zveli qalkedoniki) ra min-doda... ra azri hqonda Cems cxovrebas, Tu mSobliur miwas veRar vnaxavdio...ximSiaSvilebis didma winaparma samSo-blos ganTavisuflebis saqmes Seswira Tavi. selim faSa ximSiaSvils osmaleb-ma RalatisaTvis mohkveTes Tavi. es is qarTvelia, romelmac sikvdilis win osmalebs uTxra: “me Tavs momkveTT, ma-gram saqarTvelos aWaras ver mohkveT-To”. misi mokveTili Tavi stambols asaflavia. saqarTvelosTvis mohkles misi Svili axmedic... mogvianebiT, misi SviliSvilis Serif beg ximSiaSvilis (enveris ximSiaSvilis babua) aSenebul

sasaxleSi, xulos raionis sofel sxal-TaSi, sxalTis cnobili eklesiis gver-diT, gadawyda samxreT saqarTvelos mniSvnelovani nawilis deda saqarTve-losTan dabrunebis sakiTxi...

* * *Tanamemamule 5, dekemberi, 2003 weli

hopla, Cven vcocxlobT(londoneli barmenis dRiuri)

nino jiSkariani, londoni, didi britaneTi...diax, Cven vcocxlobT da vcocxlobT imediT, rom konkretuli pirovnebebis warmatebebs sakmari-sad ar miviCnevT da vecdebiT Tavad SevmatoT sargebeli Cvens qveyanas; bunebrivia, dagebadebaT kiTxva, “gana me Cemi barmenobiTa da ingliselebze Catarebuli dakvirvebebiT sikeTes movutan saqarTvelos?” iqneb isic ifiqroT, ludis Camosxmas ukeTesi iq-neboda TbilisSi Tavisi saqme ekeTebi-nao, magram,ara! damerwmuneT, es etapi

CemTvis cxovrebis mier gadaSlili wigni, paraqtika da mcdelobaa imisa, Tu rogor gavizardo, meti Seviswa-vlo da ucxoeTSi dagrovili am cod-nisa da cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis realizacia Cven qveyanas movaxmaro.ucxoeTSi CemsaviT profesiaSecvli-li axalgazrda mravladaa; vici, mova dro, Cven davbrundebiT saqarTvelo-Si, qarTul miwaze amayad Tavaweulebi davadgamT fexs da vityviT, me dav-brundi, raTa Cemma Svilebma gabrwyi-nebul, amaRlebul da erTian qveyana-Si icxovron, iseTSi, romelzec ZilSi CurCulebda Cveni winapari.

* * *Tanamemamule 3(8), maisi-ivnisi, 2004 w.

isev afxazeTSi...

xaTuna breidi, vaSingtoni, aSSsainteresoa soxumSi Car-Cenili da gadarCenili qarTvelebis cxovreba – ra ar gadaitanes, ras ar gauZles... erTi poeti darCa soxumSi, varlam bu-liskeria. Turme godebda, “arasodes qarTuli ga-zeTi ar gamova, qarTuli skola ar iarsebebso”, erT weliwadSi gardaicvala...gadamTielTa damsjeli „bandebis” TareSi miwynar-da afxazeTSi, bevri maT-gani Camosuli iyo saidan-Rac, organizebulad. axla ki cxovroben afxazeTSi da qarTvelebis dabrune-bas elian...soxumSi TvalSisacemia

xalxis nakleboba. sxva mxriv, iseTive lamazia, rogoric adre iyo. aTi wlis ganSorebis Semdeg Casuls yvelafe-ri Seucvleli damixvda, TiTqos aTi weli ki ara, aTi saaTic ar gasuliyo. vixseneb enguris xidze gadasvlas na-Tesav qalTan erTad, gaviareT rusi samSvidoboebis zona, Semdeg afxa-zebTan gviwevda gasvla...[soxumis] bazarSi gavigeT qarTuli laparaki, ori qali raRacas yidda. wavediT sanapiroze, afxazur facxaSi xaWapurebze, mSobliuri auadharac davlieT. qalaqis centrSi, saaTTan, afTiaqSi sami qarTveli gogo muSaobs, erTi - maia dgebuaZe, afxazs gahyva co-lad soxumis dacemis Semdeg, afTiaqis ufrosi - Saqro caavaa (deda da coli hyolia afxazi). ...mere avediT “neptunSi”, es resto-rani aSenebulia zRvaSi da mTebs ga-dahyurebs... restornis mepatroneebs qarTuli kiskisi SemoesmaT da gvi-Txres, aq qarTveli mzareuli gvyavs, mis gakeTebul xaWapurebs WamTo. ga-mogviyvanes is qalic...


emigrantTaJurnali

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bebiaCemis saxli soxumSi 1938 wels iyo aSenebuli da ucvlelad idga. am faqtma imedi momca, rom SeuZlebeli araferia, mTavaria swor gzas davad-geT, gzas, romelic Rirseulad dagva-brunebs da gvacxovrebs.

* * *Tanamemamule 4(9), ivlisi-agvisto, 2004 weli

misi mfarveli misive niWi aRmoCnda

rusudan TeTraSvili, londoni, didi britaneTi„...wignebs dRidan dReze vpoulob, Zebnaze did Sromas vdeb, yoveldRe vatikanis arqivebSi mivdivar da veZeb. amisTana werilebis saZiebeli arafe-ri ar aris. xSirad ormoc-samoc toms da aTasobiT furcels vfurclav da zogjer sruliad verafers vpoulob da zogjer ucbad da moulodnelad SesaniSnav da sasiamovno qaRaldebs Se-vxvdebi, kidev didi dro unda, rom ami-sTana dokumentebi yvela Sevkribo...”...cxovrebaSi erTxel manac gadawyvita dasveneba da megobarTan erTad zRvi-spira sofel santa-marinelaSi gaemg-zavra – cota xniT gaecala arqivis mtvers... am simSvideSic saqarTvelo-ze mogonebebiT suldgmulobda. misi myudroeba moulodnelad daarRvia SeSfoTebulma, ganwirulma yviril-ma... mixeili da misi megobari zRvaSi Secvivdnen ganwirulis gadasarCe-nad... 1911 wlis 16 seqtembers Tbi-lisis fosta mTeli Ramis ganmavlo-baSi samgloviaro depeSebs iRebda... mixeili dasaxrCobad ganwirul muSas miSveleboda da megobarTan erTad da-Rupuliyo... muSa ki menaveebs gadaer-CinaT. 1978 wels mixeil TamaraSvilis neSTi saqarTveloSi gadmoasvenes...

* * *Tanamemamule 5(10), seqtemberi-oqtom-beri, 2004 weli

levili - Cveni siamayeda tkivili

daviT managaZe, levili, safrangeTilevilis sasaflao... aq arakaci ar sau-brobs qarTulad, aq qvebi gvesaubre-bian ulamazesi asoebiT, romlebsac sxva anbanTa armiaSi gamoarCevs kaci... ramdenia... rigebi qarTvelebisa... al-baT ramdens aRmoxda suli saqarTve-loSi dabrunebis natvriT, ramdeni dRe-molodini da werili-Txovna, ramdenis guli gaanadgura saSinelma nostalgiam. miyureben mravlismTq-meli sevdiani TvalebiT da ara enas ZaluZs albaT amis gadmocema, rasac emigranti grZnobs, emigrantebis sasa-flaoze misuli... sevdiani striqonebi:

“Seficulebi”, “umowyalod ganwirul-ni...” “sad waiyvan sadaursa...”, “gTxo-vT SemindoT”... wereTlebi, CiCuebi, kldiaSvilebi, mdivnebi, nakaSiZeebi, ColoyaSvilebi - genebi, saukuneebiT nawmendi genebi, yvelani erTad amsi-Soreze gadmoxvewili, sisxli uSede-god daRvril-Cakarguli... warwera vinme dadianis qvaze:“miTxar Sendoba ... da Cems mxaresa,odes mouTxrob ambebs mwaresa,sTqvi, rom warwera ixile lodze:,,Zvlebic ki hfiqrobs saqarTveloze”.

* * *Tanamemamule 2(13), marti-aprili, 2005 weli

cisartyelas miRma saqarTveloa

anano sirabiZe, londoni, didi britaneTifereidnel qarTvelTa sevdas, tki-vilsa da sixaruls saqarTvelo hqvia. oTxi aseuli wlis Semdegac maTi crem-liani Tvalebi dedasamSobloskenaa mipyrobili, maT swamT da imedi aqvT, rom cisartyelas miRma arsebuli, mo-natrebuli saqarTvelo gulSi Caikra-vs da tkivils dauamebs.Cemi kolega stamboleli Jurnali-stis, suliT da xorciT qarTveli ga-far iilmazis (igive Temur qaTamaZe) wyalobiT erT-erT fereidnel qar-Tvels said moolianims internetis meSveobiT davukavSirdi. Cemda ga-saocrad, werilze pasuxi imave dRes miviRe: “dao anano, Zalian gamaxare, didi madloba, Sen me Zvirfasi da yve-la saCuqarze Zviri saCuqari gamike-Te. guliT mogesalmebi Cveni patara saqarTvelodan, Sen da yvela namdvil qarTvels, sadac ki cxovroben. ai, me sixaruliT, rogorc Citi, caSi dav-frinav axla da kanSi da ZvalSi veRar vdgebi – oTxasi wlis mere ase kargad ingreva Sorobis kedeli, isev Zmebi ukavSirdebian erTmaneTs da maTi oc-neba da natvra aris erTi – “qarTve-loba da qarTveloba”. xom am sityveb-Si aris bevri sityva, romelsac yvela qarTveli grZnobs. ...qarTvelo, gulSi ver gTmob.”…

* * *Tanamemamule 4(15), ivlisi-agvisto, 2005 weli

emigracia - tragedia Tu xsna

paata belTaZe, londoni, didi britaneTira gadaarCens saqarTvelos? rodis unda dabrundnen dakarguli Svile-bi, ra doziT, formiT da ideiT? ra kategoriis migrant-emigrantebi Se-

mobrundnen, vin unda darCes ucxoe-TSi qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis, kulturis, erovnuli Rirebulebebis warmosaCenad? rogor unda moizidos axalma xelisuflebam Zveli xelisu-flebisagan nihilizmamde miyvanili moZmeebi? – ai, es aris SekiTxvebi, ro-melzec pasuxis gacema saxelmwifos umniSvnelovanesi amocana unda iyos dRes, radgan 15-wliani Tavisuflebis daudevrad mopyrobam wuTis gacdenis Sansi ar dagvitova.


davibrunoT saqarTvelo da qarTvelebi

qevsen ruhi (xanTaZe), ankara, TurqeTimiuxedavad imisa, rom TurqeTSi da-vibadeT da gavizardeT, ojaxSi pir-velad Cveni winaprebi, mama-papani asocdaxuTi wlis win baTumidan gada-saxlebulan osmaleTSi, am drois gan-mavlobaSi enis Senaxva da dacva Zalian Znelia.ras niSnavs dedaena? kaci rom waibor-Zikebs an waiqceva, pirvelad rac aRmo-xdeba, ra enazec daikvnesebs, dedae-nac is aris. Cven, TurqeTis soflebSi gazrdili qarTvelebi, qvas rom fexs wamovkravT, dRemde “vaimes” vambobT. Cveni qarTuli Zveli qarTuli enaa, romelzec Cveni winaprebi saubrobd-nen.

* * *Tanamemamule, 1(18) ianvari-marti, 2006 weli

deklaraciebis karuselebi saqarTvelos istoriaSi

SoTa vaSakiZe, niu-iorki, aSSai, ukve meramdened viwyebT saxel-mwifos Senebas Tavidan. istoriis yo-vel axal furcels axali imedebiT vSliT, sul sxva rwmeniTa da sxvanairi aRmafreniT vdgebiT 180 gradusiani Semobrunebis wertilSi da ase grZel-deba manam, sanam kidev erTi axali fur-clis gadaSlis aucilebloba da kidev erTi 180 gradusiani Semobruneba ga-xdeba saWiro... Semdeg yvelafers isev Tavidan da axleburad viwyebT... arada, am trialSi ukve gvarianad agvebna Ta-vgza... male istoria Zvelis gameorebis dausrulebel procesad iqceva.damoukidebeli saqarTvelos bolo-droindel qronikas SeiZleba ewodos politikuri morevi, romelmac ukve sagrZnoblad CaiTria dezorientire-buli xalxi da Cveni realoba TandaTan gawbilebuli imedebis dausrulebel cikls emsgavseba, amitomac yoveli axa-li naperwkali winandelze ufro sxiv-gamkrTalia.

qarTvelemigrantTaJurnali

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saiubileo rubrika

Tanamemamule 5 wlisaa (gagrZeleba)

saiubileo


braziliur-qarTuli salaRobo

giorgi kaWarava, rio de Janeiro, braziliasaxlidan oTxis 15 wuTze gavedi, anu brazilia – xorvatiis matCis dawye-bamde 45 wuTiT adre. im adgilamde, sadac megobrebTan erTad vapirebdi matCis naxvas, daaxloebiT 30-35 wuTis

savalia fexiT. ase rom sakuTari Tva-liT vnaxe, ra xdeba rios quCebSi ma-tCis dawyebis win. mTeli qalaqi “bra-zil-brazil”-s gaiZaxoda da sayvi-rebs axmaurebda. iyo foierverkebi da mxiaruleba. is dro gamaxsenda, roca “dinamo” Tavisi gamarjvebebiT gva-xarebda. an ki ra unda gaixsenos sam-Soblodan gadaxvewilma adamianma?... mokled, Zalian vixalise. goli rom gaitanes, TbilisSi davreke, saidanac Cemma mamidaSvilma jonim momaxara, isedac brazilias “baleSikobdi” da ager agixdao...

* * *Tanamemamule 4(21), noemberi-dekembe-ri, 2006 weli

ra gvxdis qarTvelebad?

ia mariamiZe, boxumi, germaniara gansazRvravs Cvens qarTvelobas, ra gvxdis qarTvelad? “ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba” – Tqva iliam. ra igu-lisxma man am sityvebiT? is, rom Cven qarTuli viswavleT, radgan Cvi-li asakidan es ena gvesmoda, is, rom saqarTveloSi vcxovrobT, radgan iq

Jurnal “Tanamemam-ules,” mis redaqcias, mxardamWe-rebsa da mki-T x v e l e b s v u l o c a v m e x u T e w l i s T a v s . v u s u r v e b kidev mra-

vali wlis ganmavlobaSi SeenarCu-nebinos is maRali inteleqtualuri done, SemoqmedebiTi daxvewiloba da Jurnalisturi eTika, romli-Tac mas dRes SeuZlia iamayos. amJa-mad, rodesac saqarTvelo imyofeba udidesi safrTxis winaSe, rodesac mas teritoriuli daSliT, politi-kuri ganadgurebiTa da ekonomikuri dakninebiT uqadis gareSe mteri, rodesac moraluri principebis daqveiTeba, sulieri simdidris gaZ-arcva da mravali sicocxlis dakarg-vac ki SeiZleba mohyves ganuwyvetel Sinaur areulobas, rodesac aTi aTa-sobiT qarTveli stovebs samSoblos, Tqven asrulebT keTilSobil misias miawodoT Tqvens mkiTxvels qveynisa da Tanamemamuleebisadmi pativis-cemiT gamsWvaluli sityva, SesTav-azoT maT gonivruli, obieqturi da samarTliani sakamaTo asparezi da gaaxsenoT is valdebuleba, romelic yvelas gvakisria. es aris valdeb-uleba- Cveni Zalebi movaxmaroT Cvens gaerTianebas, Cveni qveynis keTil-dReobas da misi adgilis ganmtkice-bas msoflio xalxTa ojaxSi. es aris agreTve valdebuleba- SevinarCu-

noT Cveni kultura da aseve vezi-aroT sxva xalxTa kulturas, raTa ukeTesad gamovadgeT Cvens Tavsac da Cvens qveyanasac. da bolos, vusurveb janmrTelobas, bednierebasa da sixa-ruls am Jurnalis yvela monawiles da yvela im Tanamemamules, visac igi emsaxureba.

dodona kiziriaindianas universitetis profesori.blumingtoni, aSS.

* * *

ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa centralur Jurnal “Tanamemamules” gamomcemelsa da mTavar redaqtors, b-n zaza mesxs.

upirveles yovlisa gilocavT Jurnal “Tanamemamules” “dabadebis” xuT wlisTavs.

TavisTavad, es didi dro ar aris, am asakSi bavSvi muxls imagrebs fexze myarad dasadgomad, magram “Taname-mamulem” ukve ise mZlavrad gaidga fesvi, rom msoflios sxvadasxva qvey-anaSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs burjad da meoxad amoudga mxarSi.

misasalmebeli da samagaliTo isaa, rom msoflios sxvadasxva qveyanaSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs

Tqven saSualebas aZlevT Jurnal “Tanamemamules”meSveobiT Seexmianon erTmaneTs da sazogadoebas gaac-non saintereso istoriebi Zveli Tu axali emigrantebis Sesaxeb, romelTa umetesoba friad nayofier da sasax-elo saqmianobas eweva sazRvargareT.

b-no zaza, miiReT Cemgan gulwrfe-li molocva Jurnal “Tanamemamules” daarsebis saiubileo TariRTan daka-vSirebiT da Jurnalis yvela Tanam-Sromels gadaeciT didi madloba im keTilSobiluri saqmianobisTvis, ra-sac Tqven eweviT am xuTi wlis ganmav-lobaSi.

nino ananiaSvili saqarTvelos da ruseTis saxalxo artisti. zaqaria faliaSvilis saxe-lobis Tbilisis operisa da baletis saxelmwifo Teatris sabaleto dasis samxatvro xelmZRvaneli.

* * *brZen kacs uTqvams: “gana, samSo-

blo marto lamazi mTebia?!” marTlac, mamuli pirvel rigSi, TanamemamuleTa fiqrisa da zrunvis sagania; rwmenis, tradiciisa da kulturis amoZaxili; siyvarulis, gancdisa da aRmafre-nis wyaro... raoden didi madlia da amavdroulad, pasuxismgeblobac, iyo RvTismSoblis wilxvedri, svetic-xovliT gabrwyinebuli saqarTvelos Svili, misi Tanamemamule... isic mis farglebs gareT, misi baraqiani fes-vebisgan mowyvetili, sadac yoveli racionaluri da grZnobadi ufro gafaqizebulia, tvirTadac mZimea da Sesasrulebladac rTuli... al-baT, imitom rom mamuli ara mxolod


emigrantTaJurnali

saiubileo rubrika

5

Tanamemamule 5 wlisaa (gagrZeleba)

davibadeT, is, rom qristianebi varT, radgan saukuneTa manZilze Cveni wina-prebi ase yofilan, ar kmara qarTve-lobisaTvis. ena unda ganvaviTaroT, mamuls davexmaroT da guliT unda viwamoT – ai, maSin SeiZleba Cvens Tavs qarTvelebi vuwodoT. ilias mier ganWvretili qarTveloba ar aris oden Tandayolili madli. qarTveli cxovrebis manZilze xdeba adamiani; da ara yovelTvis...

* * *Tanamemamule, 3(24), ivnisi-ivlisi,

2007 weli

iq saqarTveloa...

demna imerliSvili, ciurixi, SveicariasaqarTveloSi ki exla gazafxulia, yvelgan miwis surneli trialebs. imereTis erT-erT sofelSi, saxeze mzemokidebuli Suaxnis kaci aRmarTze gafenil yanaSi guTans dayrdnobia da Zlieri xelebiT miwis nedl guls beltebad abrunebs. ramdeni welia ukve es kaci yovel gazafxuls am pata-ra miwis mtkavels ase eloliaveba. aq

mis winaprebs uxnavT da uTesavT. jer kidev pataras axsovs, rogor uZRoda xarebs da exmareboda mamas…...ager, mze ukve Subiswverzea daSve-buli. male daRamdeba kidec, magram kacs saxlSi ar eCqareba. rom miva, colis garda aravin daxvdeba. misi Svilebi ucxoeTSi arian... “saqarT-veloSi rom mze Cava, im ucxoeTSi isev dRe iqneba. aq sibnele iqneba, iq jer kidev sinaTle. RmerTo, Sen dai-fare Cemi Svilebi. Sen damibrune isini janmrTelebi da momaswari Cems ezoSi SviliSvilebis Jriamuls... mere, Tun-

awmyoSia, sagulisxmoa misi sisxliT morwyuli gmiruli warsuli da kidev ufro metad dasafiqrebelia misi ime-diani momavalis aRmSeneblobis iwro da zneobrivi gza... am Tvalsawieridan ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa cen-traluri perioduli gamocema “Tana-memamule” swored is mtkice xidia, ga-debuli saqarTvelos, Tundac teri-toriulad ukiduresad daSorebul, Svilebs Soris, romelic ostaturad aduRabebs da asalbunebs Tanamemamu-leTa fiqrsa da gancdas maradiuli samSoblos Sesaxeb.

“marad da yvelgan, saqarTvelov, me var SenTana!” ase iwyeba da mTavr-deba “Tanamemamules” yoveli axali gamocema da es marTlac ar aris li-toni sityvebi. Jurnalis redaqcia, ukve 5 welia did erovnul saqmes akeTebs uaRresad saintereso, dax-vewili gemovnebiT Sedgenili, maRali poligrafiuli gamocemis Jurnalis gavrcelebiT. aq yoveli sityva da-muxtulia, gancdaTa siRrmec masSta-buria da miviwyebuli istoriis fur-clebic cocxlad ametyvelebuli...

gvinda mogilocoT Jurnalis gamocemis 5 wlisTavi, didi madlo-ba mogaxsenoT yvela TanamSromels, korespondents, damxmare personals, mecenatebs Tqveni didi RvawlisaT-vis. gansakuTrebulad gvinda mad-liereba gamovxatoT cnobili mkvle-varis, geologisa da Jurnalistis, baton jumber jiSkarianis mimarT, romelmac SesaZlebeli gaxada CvenT-vis am Jurnalis gacnoba da “Taname-mamules” gancdis gaTaviseba. gisur-vebT janmrTelobas, dRegrZelobas, nayofier saqmianobasa da Tanamemamu-leTa erTad Seyras bednier da mzian saqarTveloSi!

maia goTua

didi madlierebiTa da pativiscemiT, alergiisa da imunologiis centris direqtori, profesori, medicinis mecnierebaTa doqtori.

* * *

”firosmanisgan” ”Tanamemamules”

gadasaxleba imas niSnavs, rom Seni sevdiani warsuli yvelgan Tan ataro. mitovebuli miwis monatreba gausaZlisi simwarea, romelic guls gtkens. da am tkivils araviTari wa-

mali ar ane-lebs. aRarc is mitovebuli miwa gekuTvnis awi da aRarc is gexeba, rac zed xdeba... is ki gsayvedu-robs, ratom m i m a t o v e o ? Senc im miwaze,

romelzec amJamad cxovrob, gauTa-veblad erTsa da imave SekiTxvas usvam sakuTar Tavs: “aq ra mesaqmeba?” Seni suli im mitovebul adgils mistiris, Seni sxeuli ki im adgils ver eTviseba, sadac axla xar. ise cxovrob, TiTqos Seni erTi nawili sxvaganaa darCeni-li... cdilob, sevda sixarulad aqcio. magram yvelaze mxiarul simRerebsac ki sevda Serevia, romelsac ase advi-lad ver gandevni. sxvaze mets cdilob, rom miwas CaeWido. SenTvis cxovreba ormagad rTuli, mZime da naRvliania. axal enas euflebi da cdilob, saku-Tari ena ar daiviwyo. Sens enaze aRar laparakob, magram misi sicocxlis gaxangrZlivebas cdilob, rom Sens arsebobasac bolo ar moeRos.

yovelive zemoTqmulis gamo fas-daudebelia Jurnal “Tanamemaules” mier gaweuli amagi, romelic ager ukve xuTi welia ucxo qveynebSi mSobliuri

enis sicocxlis SesanarCuneblad iR-vwis. vulocavT Jurnal “Tanamemamu-les” arsebobis xuT wlisTavs da mra-val wels arsebobas vusurvebT.qevser ruhi (xanTaZe) Jurnal “firosmanis” Tanaredaqto-ri, mwerali, ankara, TurqeTi.

* * *pirvel rigSi gisurvebT, mamuli

dagilocoT RmerTma da Cveni qvey-nidan Sors myofT, male ukan dab-runebulebs, iseTi deda samSoblo dagxvedrodeT, rogoric TiToeuli Cvenganis, Cveni winaprebis ocnebis asruleba iqneba, rogorsac Tqven natrobT da eferebiT Tqveni Jurna-lis furclebidan.

ise ki, deda dedaa da dRe da Rame rom ar gasvenebT mis momavalze fiq-ri, rom sakuTari momavlis fiqrebTan gaqvT gaigivebuli misi av-kargi, kar-gad Cans Tqvens saqmianobaSi.

Znelia qarTvelTaTvis mamulis monatreba da am siZneles Tqven Tqve-ni lamazi, siTboTi savse patara Jur-nalidan sakuTari gulis gadaSliT iqarvebT.

Tqven erTmaneTTan sulieri Zafe-biT akavSirebT dedamiwis sxvadasxva kuTxeSi gafantul Cvens mamuliSvi-lebs da mraval saintereso, Sinagani bunebis SenarCunebisa da ganmtkice-bisaTvis aucilebel ambavs gvamcno-bT da mogviTxrobT Cvenc da maTac, visac kidev ufro metad esaWiroeba es sulieri sazrdo da visac Tavis qveyanaSi cxovreba enatreba.

warmatebas gisurvebT, b-no zaza! Tqven da Jurnalis yvela TanamSro-mels gilocavT saiubileo TariRs. Zala da energia ar mogklebodeT Tqve-ni didebuli saqmianobis gasagrZe-leblad da gasalamazeblad.

”...im ludivikosac Seni saqarTvelo fexze hkidia“


emigrantTaJurnali

mTavari Tema

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zurab mWedliSviliniu-iorki, aSS

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rusuli sityva “podlec” qarTu-lad iTargmneba, rogorc “aramzada, gaTaxsirebuli”! rusuli sulisa” da mentalitetis ubadlo eqsperti, didi mwerali fio-dor dostoevski “podlecebs” sam kategoriad hyof-da: misi TqmiT, ga-TaxsirebulTa pi-rvel kategorias

gamoarCevs gulubryviloba, anu sakuTar simarTleSi darwmunebuloba da Tavdajerebuloba, rom maT mier Cadenili aramzadoba umaRlesi keTilSobilebaa da sxva araferi! gaTaxsirebulTa meore kategorias ki, marTalia rcxvenia Tavisi “podlecobis”, magram mainc mzad aris nebismier SemTxvevaSi bolomde miiyvanos dawyebuli Savi saqme! da bolos, mesame kategoriaSi Se-dian yvelafris mkadrebeli, suliT da xorciT aramza-debi! “podlecebis” romel kategorias ganekuTvnebian ruseTis xelisufalni, amis Sefaseba mkiTxvelisTvis mimindvia. Cemis mxriv ki davZen, rom saqarTvelos ara-sodes hyolia iseTi “podleci” mezobeli, rogoric ruseTia!

ra Tqma unda, kargad maqvs gacnobierebuli is WeSmariteba, rom politika ar cnobs sibraluls, mitevebas, gulCvilobas, naTesaobas, erTmorwmuneo-bas... politika dadebuli xelSekrulebebisadmi erT-gulebasac ki mxolod imdenad cnobs, ramdenadac es saxelmwifos (uwinaresad totalitarulis) prestiJis SenarCunebisTvis aris aucilebeli. Tu xelSekruleb-is ugulvebelyofa bevrs verafers daaklebs amgvari saxelmwifos imijs, maSin gaformebuli xelSekruleb-is darRvevasac win araferi daudgeba! amitom, roca xelSekruleba Zlier da sust saxelmwifoebs Soris ide-ba, umetes SemTxvevaSi Zneli ara aris, mixvde, visTvisaa es dokumenti ufro momgebiani da aqedan gamomdinare, ramdenad samarTliani iqneba is ganxorcielebis (Tu ganuxorcieleblobis) SemTxvevaSi! saubedurod, ru-seT-saqarTvelos urTierTobis mTeli istoria zemoT-Tqmulis dadasturebaa. aTwleulebis manZilze yuriT moTreuli e.w. rusul-qarTuli Zmoba-megobroba sabo-lood “ufrosi Zmis” mxridan aramzadobis iseT WaobSi aRmoCnda mosrolili, rom darwmunebuli var, samomav-lod amas aucileblad gaiTvaliswineben ruseTisadmi dRemde loialurad ganwyobili erebi Tu saxelmwifoe-brivi warmonaqmnebi! saerTod, termini “xelSekrule-ba” politikur leqsikonSi ganmartebulia, rogorc “saerTaSoriso urTierTobaTa forma”. mas aseve See-sabameba cneba – SeTanxmeba, traqtati, konvencia, dek-laracia, komunike; agreTve ormxrivi da mravalmxrivi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb gaformebuli dokumentebi da a.S. es tirada imitom moviyvane, rom dRes saqme gvaqvs

msoflio istoriaSi erT-erT ubinZures saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis faqtTan, romelsac Zalian dahkravs 1938 wlis miunxenis SeTanxmebis (ufro sworad katastro-fis) suni!

ruseTma, praqtikulad, mTel msoflios Tavze gadaaxia saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobisa da saqarTve-los winaSe nakisri valdebulebebi (uwinaresad, mi-afurTxa gaeros uSiSroebis sabWos mier afxazeTis konfliqtis mSvidobiani mowesrigebis Sesaxeb miRe-bul 32 (ocdaTormet) rezolucias, sadac misi xel-moweracaa dafiqsirebuli da Sesabamisad, usityvod aRiarebs saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobasa da suverenitets, kisrulobs valdebulebas xeli Seu-wyos afxazeTis konfliqtis erTiani saqarTvelos Se-madgenlobaSi mogvarebas), miafurTxa euTos, evrosa-bWos, evroparlamentis, evrokavSiris da rac mTavaria dsT-is mier afxazeTis konfliqtis Sesaxeb miRebul SeTanxmebebsa da dokumentebs da Riad daiwyo qarTuli miwa-wylis mitacebis procesi! es rom ase iqneboda da ara sxvagvarad, amis Sesaxeb imdenjer maqvs dawerili da naTqvami, rom Tavis droze SevardnaZis propagan-distebma ideologiur diversantadac ki gamomacxades (komunistur-komkavSiruli mentalitetiT mowamlul umecrebs “demokratiuli” ruseTisa sjerodaT da swam-daT kvlavac).

saubedurod, qarTulma politikurma azrovnebam vera da ver Seisisxlxorca is elementaruli WeSmar-iteba, rom Zala ar cnobs samarTlianobas, rom Zala Tavad aris samarTali, miT umetes iseT sivrceSi, romelsac postsabWoeTi hqvia saxelad! is, rom qarTu-li samarTali da istoriuli samarTlianoba ver iqca Zalad, vTqvaT, imave afxazi separatistebis mimarT (mas Semdegac ki, roca namdvili genocidi mogviwyes gagra-Si da Tavad gviCvenes Zalac da ideologiac), mowmobs maSindel qarTvel xelisufalTa (SevardnaZe, iose-liani, kitovani, saxelmwifo sabWo) ugunurebasa da gamcemlobaze! amisTvis, normaluri sazogadoeba maT samxedro tribunals gadascemda da dasjida! moxda ki piriqiT: imis magivrad, rom afxazeTis mTels terito-riaze partizanuli moZraoba gaSliliyo, qarTvelobas arCevnebis gziT mainc droulad moeSorebina Sevardna-Zis reJimi da ruseTisadmi dapirispireba Tvisobrivad axal etapze gadaeyvana (mTeli msoflios gasagonad gamudmebiT eyvira da emoqmeda ruseTis binZuri poli-tikis samxileblad), maSindeli qarTuli sazogadoeba moralur-fsiqologiurad da ekonomikuradac imdenad dacemul-ganadgurebuli aRmoCnda, rom praqtikulad kart-blanSi misca eduard SevardnaZes qveynis “sam-Svidoboze gasayvanad” da kapitulanturi politikis sawarmoeblad. Sedegad miviReT is, rom Cveni mom-devno Taobis kiserze gadadis saqarTvelos uniWo da regven mmarTvelTa mier daSvebuli danaSaulebrivi Secdomebis gamosworeba! upirvelesi Secdoma ki gax-ldaT swored ruseTTan dadebuli xelSekruleba-SeTanxmebebi, romlebic dRemde umowyalod gvirtyams cxvir-pirSi! am SeTanxmebebis “wyalobiT” afxazeTSi datrialda uprecedento tragedia TviT saqarTve-


emigrantTaJurnali

mTavari Tema

los istoriisaTvisac ki, romelsac mravali mZvinvare dampyrobeli da maoxari axsovs, radgan verc erTma maTganma ver SesZlo saqarTvelos romelime kuTxidan mTeli qarTveli mosaxleobis ayra-gaZeveba, an gadasax-leba. marTalia Sah-abazma umagaliTod aaoxra kaxeTi, mas namdvilad surda misi Zirfesvianad moTxra (da amis erT-erTi mizezi mefe Teimurazis uniWo politikasTan erTad gaxldaT kaxeTis samefos swrafva swored ru-seTis mfarvelobis misaRebad), magram fereidanSi ga-dasaxlebuli asi aTasi qarTveli mxolod mesamedi iyo maSindeli kaxeTis mosaxleobisa! amasTan, mogvianebiT, Sah-abazma qarTvelobis nawili samSobloSi daabruna...

afxazeTSi ganxorcielebuli aSkara genocidis miuxedavad ki, dRemde ruseTis arcerT prezidents, arcerT Cinovniks, arcerT politikoss, arc sagareo saqmeTa saministros, arc parlaments, an Tundac pres-samsaxurebs ar gaukeTebiaT arcerTi gancxadeba, SeS-foTebac ki ar gamouTqvamT afxazeTSi gamarTuli sa-saklaos mimarT. TviT maSinac ki, roca 1994 wlis Te-bervalSi TbilisSi elcinma da SevardanaZem xeli moaw-eres ruseT-saqarTvelos Soris megobrobis, keTilm-ezoblobisa da strategiuli partniorobis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebas! me maSin Jurnalistis rangSi gaxldiT elcinis vizitis dasasruls gamarTul banketze, sadac uamravi sadRegrZelo Seisva saukuno megobrobisa da strategiuli mokavSireobis Sesaxeb da ar damaviwydeba winandlis RviniT gaJRenTili graCovisa da kozirevis gabrwyinebuli saxeebi. rusuli delegacia zeimobda gamarjvebas – saqarTvelom daiCoqa, daimcira Tavi, daiyara Tavze nacari da ruseTis yvela piroba daak-mayofila – miarTva langriT afxazeTis zRvispireTi, gawevrianda dsT-Si, mdinare engurze Caayena rusis jari, daubrunda ruseTis geopolitikur sivrces da am fonze arZinbam sabolood daasrula qarTvelebisagan afxazeTis gawmendis procesi, rasac ukve rusma “samSvi-doboebmac” Seuwyves xeli!

miamiti qarTuli politikuri isTebliSmenti ki afxazeTis konfliqtis gadaWris mTavar faqtorad ru-seTis keTilganwyobas Tvlida! es “keTilganwyoba” Tav-dapirvelad Cveni Tvalis asaxvevad TiTqos SeimCneoda kidec. gaeros uSiSroebis sabWo ruseTis monawileo-biT iRebda SesaniSnav da saqarTvelos sasargeblo re-zoluciebs, gvigzavnida meTvalyureebs, gvicxadebda mxardaWeras, realurad ki, saqme ufskrulisken mieqane-boda. 1998 wels galis raionSi sakuTari riskis fasad dabrunebul qarTvelobas meore eTnowmenda mouwy-ves! Semdeg ki daiwyo ruseTis pasportebis masobrivi darigeba da dRes saxeze gvaqvs afxazeTis saqarTvelo-dan samudamod mowyvetis realuri safrTxe!

yovelive amas imitom vaxseneb mkiTxvels, rom Si-dapolitikuri dapirispirebebiT garTul qarTul sazogadoebaSi, samwuxarod, afxazeTis problema ar aris saWiro doneze gamZafrebuli. igrZnoba erTgvari uimedoba, rasac ideologiis ararsebobac iwvevs. Sei-Zleba vcdebi, magram aqauri gadasaxedidan, sworedac rom aseTi STabeWdileba mrCeba! saWiroa ideologia, riTac gaJRenTili unda iyos qarTuli masmedia da pa-ralelurad, erTi dRiTac ar unda wydebodes aqciebi ruseTis saelCosTan da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenlobebTan (karvebis qalaqi iq unda iyos gaSlili da ara parlamentTan da visac “sisxli da ji-gari aqvs”, iq unda ijdes da ara sxvagan). maxsovs, cx-onebul Tamaz nadareiSvilis iniciativiT saqarTve-los trasebze gamofines mowodebebi: “gvaxsovdes

afxazeTi”! vin-vin da, albaT batoni Tamazi grZnobda yvelaze mZafrad, rom afxazeTis problema kargavda aqtualobas qarTul sazogadoebaSi! ers da qveyanas, romelsac CamoWrili aqvs misi sisxlxorceuli nawili da romelsac gamudmebiT sisxli sdis, aseTi lozunge-bis gamofena ar unda sWirdebodes, miT umetes, rom yvela vxedavT, rogori kaciWamiuri da qarTvelTa siZulviliT gaJRenTili politikiTa da ideologiiT moqmedeben afxazi separatistebi!

sad aris gamosavali?! absurdia mxolod imis imedad yofna , rom gaero WeSmaritad neitralur jars gamog-zavnis afxazeTSi, sanam ruseTi uSiSroebis sabWoSi ve-tos uflebiT sargeblobs. es im SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba ganxorcieldes, Tu sakuTriv ruseTSi gaimarjvebs demokratia da xelisuflebaSic derJavnikuli mental-itetisgan Tavisufali politikosebi movlen! mokleva-dian perspeqtivaSi ki es ar moxdeba. dRes Zirmompali da korumpirebuli gaerTianebuli erebis organiza-cia iseTive saTamaSo instrumentia momZlavrebuli ruseTis xelSi, rogoric sabWoTa kavSiris dros iyo. xolo risi “imedi” unda gvqondes evropelebisagan, es kidev erTxel daadastura buqarestSi natos samitma, romelic Zalian daemsgavsa 1938 wlis miunxenis garige-bas, risi wyalobiTac hitlerma uproblemod gadas-ansla Cexoslovakia da Semdeg “desertad” mTeli dasav-leT evropac daayola!

saqarTvelom, aRmosavleT evropis saxelmwifoTa uprecedento mxardaWeris paralelurad, ZiriTadi aq-centi kvlav amerikis SeerTebul Statebze unda gaake-Tos, radgan Srioder-merkelebi da sarkoz-Sirakebi evropas arasodes gamoeleva da Cvenc sulxan-saba orbe-lianiviT gawbilebulebs mogviwevs gamudmebuli moTq-ma – “im ludovikosac Seni saqarTvelo fexze hkidia”! diax, evropam, romelmac Tavis droze dauSva bizantiis damxoba da azrze manamde ver movida, sanam Turqebi venas ar miadgnen; im evropam, romelmac 1921 wels len-inis muqariT SeSinebulma, rom rusebi komunizms axlo da Sua aRmosavleTSi gaavrcelebdnen, dauTmo kremls damoukidebeli saqarTvelo aneqsiisTvis; im evropam, romelmac droulad ar alagma hitlerisa da stalinis ambiciebi da kontinenti ufskrulSi gadaCexa, dResac, putinis muqariTa da SantaJiT daSinebulma ar misca Cvens qveyanas natos wevrobis kandidatis statusi, Za-lian male unda miiRos (da ukve iRebs kidec) ruseTis-gan mware aliyurs, rogorc es odesRac jer hitleris-gan da Semdeg ki stalinisgan miiRo!

saocari is aris, rom “civi omis” dros evropas uaR-resad Rirseulad eWira Tavi, ar eSinoda “borotebis imperiisa” da mkveTrad upirispirdeboda kacTmoZule komunistur reJims. uRirsad mxolod safrangeTi moiq-ca, roca prezidentma de golma 1966 wels qveyana natos samxedro xelSekrulebidan gaiyvana, amerikelTa ba-zebs guda-nabadi aakrefina da mxolod aliansis poli-tikur wevrad darCa. dRes ki, roca aranairi imperia aRar arsebobs realurad (ruseTi mxolod cdilobs im-periad warmoaCinos Tavi), aramed aris Cekistebis mier dakninebuli xalxis qveyana, civilizebuli samyaro arc Rirsebasa da arc mZafr politikur nebas ar avlens mxolod navTobdolarebze mdgari reJimis mimarT!

prezident jorj buSze ra mogaxsenoT, magram jon makkeinis gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi (risTvisac qarTve-lebma albaT unda vilocoT), savsebiT realuria, rom man brZaneba gasces Sav zRvasa da saqarTveloSi amerikis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis samSvidobo kontingen-


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tis gagzavnis Sesaxeb! amerikis prezidents aseT ufle-bas konstitucia aniWebs da eqstremalur SemTxvevebSi mas sulac ar sWirdeba kongresis Tanxmobis mopoveba! makkeini darwmunebulia, rom buSis administraciam bevri ram dauTmo ruseTs da dRemde gaumarTleblad “eloliaveba” putins; rom aqtiurad, Tumca uSedegod cdilobs moskovTan molaparakebas evropaSi raket-sawinaaRmdego sistemebis ganlagebisa da afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis gayinuli konfliqtebis mosagvar-eblad. makkeinis TqmiT, swored aseTma mcdelobebma daarwmuna moskovi, rom is Zalian saWiroa amerikisTvis. sinamdvileSi ki, saqme piriqiTaa da vaSingtonma pirda-pir unda ganucxados kremls, rom is superderJava ar aris da mis antidemokratiul saSinao da sagareo poli-tikas dasavleTi aRar Seurigdeba”! amerikaSi aRaravis epareba eWvi imaSi (da amas mowmobs hilari klintonisa da barak obamas bolodroindeli gancxadebebic), rom moskovs mTavar amocanad miaCnia ara Tavisi e.w. inter-esebis dacva, aramed rac SeiZleba meti zianis miyeneba saerTod dasavleTisa da amerikisaTvis kerZod! ami-tom, SeiZleba sakamaToa, magram, vfiqrob, afxazeTis problemis kidev ufro aqtualizaciisTvis aucilebe-lia partizanuli moZraobis gaSla!

ra gvaqvs dRes realurad xelSi?! ki, batono, gaer-os uSiSroebis sabWos rezoluciebi, romlebic afxaz separatistebs sasacilodac ar hyofniT?! Cveni da saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis umoqmedobis Sedegad ki araTu ruseTi, separatistebic aRarafrad agdeben aravis da manevrebs manevrebze marTaven, Tan imuqre-bian, rom samxedro moqmedebebs samegrelos teritori-aze gadmoitanen! moskovma ki, uSiSroebis sabWos bolo komunikesac ki ugana, sadac dagmobilia putinis bolo gankargulebebi afxazeTTan “ekonomikuri da iuridiu-li meqanizmebis amoqmedebisa”da rusebis mier qarTuli upiloto TviTmfrinavis Camogdebis faqtebi!

saqme isaa, rom es dokumenti uSiSroebis sabWos re-zolucia ar gaxlavT, aramed mxolod saqarTvelos megobari qveynebis poziciis gamoxatulebaa da ara iu-ridiuli dokumenti. amitom eiforias ar unda miveceT. samwuxarod, megobarTa jgufSi ar Sedis CineTi. ai, Tu CineTic (rogorc uSiSroebis sabWos mudmivi wevri) SeuerTdeba am komunikes, maSin SegveZleba vTqvaT, rom gaeroSi realurad raRac warmatebas mivaRwevT! miT umetes, rom CineTi kargad icnobs separatizmis prob-lemas.

aSkaraa, rom ruseTi yvelafers gaakeTebs am komu-nikes mniSvnelobis dasaknineblad! amasTan, faqtia isic, rom kremls gaeros kvaldakval ganxeTqileba Seaqvs natos wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris da saqarTvelosa da dasavleTs adanaSaulebs imaSi, raSic upirvelesi dam-naSave da borotmoqmedic TviTon aris!

arada, sainteresoa, ra xdeba am dros gaerosa da na-toSi?! axlaxan gaeros generalur asambleaSi Sevida proeqti, romelic gaeros uSiSroebis sabWos reformas isaxavs miznad! kerZod, ganzraxulia uSiSroebis sab-Wos wevr saxelmwifoTa gazrda 15-dan 22-mde! amasTan dakavSirebiT “asoSieited presma” gaavrcela sensaciu-ri informacia, romlis Tanaxmadac, warmoidgineT da, gaeros “fraqciebma” Tanxmoba ganacxades aRniSnuli proeqtis ganxilvaze! anu, organizaca, romelic plan-etaze mSvidobisa da stabilurobis SenarCuneba-dam-kvidrebis mizniT Seiqmna, dRes dayofilia e.w. fraqcie-bad. es dapirispireba saqarTvelom sakuTar Tavzec gamoscada, roca rusi mzveravebis dapatimrebis dasag-

mobad ruseTma (Tavisi “fraqciis” aqtiuri mxardaWer-iT) uSiSroebis sabWos rezoluciac ki miaRebina da sam-agierod amerikas da mis mokavSreebs CrdiloeT koreis winaaRmdeg sanqciebis SemoRebaSi dauWira mxari. dasav-leTis mediam maSin es aqti amerikis mxridan saqarTve-los gayidvis faqtadac ki Seafasa! igives akeTebs ru-seTi afxazeTTan dakavSirebul yvela samSvidobo ini-ciativasTan mimarTebaSi…

jer kidev SevardnaZis dros ruseTma uSiSroebis sabWoSi dabloka gaeros wesdebis me-7 Tavis amoqmede-bis sakiTxi, romelic afxazeTSi iZulebiTi mSvidobis damyarebas isaxavda miznad. ruseTi rom “podlecurad” ar moqceuliyo, afxazeTis konfliqti SeiZleba ukve mogvarebulic yofiliyo! faqtia, rom uSiSroebis sab-Wo gaxleCilia. ruseTis “fraqciis” warmomadgenlebi faqtobrivad imeoreben putinis ganzraxvas monopo-larulidan mravalpolarul msoflioze gadasvlis Sesaxeb da uaryofen dasavleTis rolisa da faseulobe-bis damkvidrebas kacobriobis ganviTarebis saqmeSi! amitomac aris, rom gaero sul ufro da ufro Znelad axerxebs konsesusis miRwevas msoflio da region-aluri usafrTxoebis problemebze da praqtikulad, humanitaruli da socialuri sakiTxebis organizaci-adaa gadaqceuli! paralelurad, gaugebari situaciaa Seqmnili natoSi. Tavi davaneboT saqarTvelosTvis map-is miniWebis Sesaxeb natos samitze gamarTul da-pirispirebas. axlaxan aSS-is Tavdacvis ministrma rob-ert geitsma, lamis sasowarkveTilma, mouwoda natoel mokavSireebs, raTa maT ufro aqtiuri monawileoba mii-Ron saerTo samxedro aqciebSi da ganacxada, rom avRan-eTSi natos damarcxeba gaxdeba Crdiloatlantikuri aliansis arsebobis dasasrulis dasawyisi(!). “Cven ar SegveZleba SevinarCunoT aliansi iseT pirobebSi, roca zogi mzad aris saomrad, zogi ki ara. koleqtiuri usafrTxoeba gulisxmobs koleqtiur Zalisxmevaso”, dasZina geitsma. evropaSi natos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mTavarsardalma, generalma jon kreddokma ki fantas-tikuri ram brZana. misi TqmiT, Talibebze saboloo gamarjvebisTvis natos Zalebs ar hyofniT sul raRac sami batalioni 3600 (sami aTas eqvsasi) jariskacis Se-madgenlobiT(!!!). viTareba natoSi, rogorc Cans, mar-Tlac damafiqrebeli unda iyos, Tuki mis strategebs aseT elementarul sakiTxebze uxdebaT sajaro gancx-adebebis keTeba! amis Semyure qarTvelebma ra vqnaT axla, vicinoT, Tu vitiroT?

da bolos: saqarTvelo-ruseTs Soris dapirispire-baSi “kvanZis gaxsna“ ukve mTeli civilizebuli sam-yaros Rirsebis saqmea. aq raime daTmobaze laparakic ki zedmeti unda iyos. axla mTavaria mTeli qarTveli eris erT muStad Sekvra, saparlamento arCevnebis marTlac Rirseulad Catareba da Cveni sulieri, politikuri da materialuri resursis mimarTva uborotesi mtris dasamarcxeblad (am cnebis farTo gagebiT) da ara erT-maneTis gasanadgureblad! winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, afx-azeTTan damSvidobeba mogviwevs da momavali Taobebic saflavSi CagvafurTxeben! es uwinaresad imaT unda ax-sovdeT, visac qveynis marTva-gamgeblobaze pretenzia aqvs. Torem wlebisa da miT umetes aTwleulebis Semdeg Cemi da Seni saxeli, mkiTxvelo, aRaravis emaxsovreba, dRevandel qarTvel politikosebs da politikaneb-sac ki, ukve umzadebs matiane “adgils”! vin darCeba zeciur saqarTveloSi da vin istoriis sanagveze, amas saRad moazrovne adamiani amTaviTve unda grZnobdes da xedavdes. me piradad vxedav...

anu qarTuli politikuri speqtris saxelmwifo gamocda

arCevnebi arCevnebisaTvis


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9

9 marti espaneTSi arCevnebis dRe iyo. rac am saxelmwi-fos moqalaqe var, pirvelad miviRe gadawyvetileba, arcerTi politikuri partiisaTvis ar mimeca xma da arCevani “nulovan variantze” SevaCere. rogorc dainter-esebul mkiTxvels ecodineba, gaimarjva socialisturma partiam, xolo mis liders, xose luis rodrigez sapater-os gamarjveba pirvelma swored politikurma mowinaaRm-degem, saxalxo partiis liderma miuloca (!!!).

Cemi saqmianobidan da profesiuli interesebidan gamomdinare, masmediis yvela saSualebas vadevneb Tva-lyurs, cxadia, qarTulsac. wvrilmanebze ar gadavitan Tqvens yuradRebas, magram im aspeqtebze ki unda SevC-erde, romelTac arsad da TiTqmis arasodes aniWeben mniS-vnelobas. magaliTad, arc espaneTSi da arc saqarTveloSi arcerT politikur mxares gasCenia survili, Tundac populisturi miznebiT, magram Sesabamis konteqstSi moexsenebinaT amomrCevelTa is nawili, vinc an ar miiRo monawileoba saarCevno procesSi, an Seasrula Tavisi mo-qalaqeobrivi movaleoba, magram xma aravis misca. Cven sadRac sxva ganzomilebaSi darCenili moqalaqeebi varT da mavanTaTvis aranair interess ar warmovadgenT. sam-agierod, daundoblad SeiZleba gauswordnen nebismiers, miuxedavad misi socialuri Tu sazogadoebrivi statu-sisa, vinc raime sababiT gabedavs da gamoxatavs antipaTias an mxardaWeras dapirispirebuli mxareebisadmi.

am SemTxvevaSi aRara aqvs mniSvneloba oskarosani xavi-er bardemi xar Tu... qarTvelebis sayvareli momRerali.

xavier bardemi espanuri kulturis erT-erT elit-arul, Tumca memarcxene ideologiis aqtiur mxardamW-erTa ojaxs ekuTvnis. es am qveyanaSi aravis ukvirs, Tavad xaviers ki eamayeba.

merab sefaSvilic xelovanTa ojaxidanaa da qarTve-lebis erTdroulad ramdenime Taobis sayvareli momR-eralia. mimaCnia, rom is sakmaod Tavisufali da keTilSo-bili pirovnebaa. rogorc yovel moqalaqes, albaT, masac unda hqondes Tavisi poziciis gamoxatvisa da dafiqsire-bis ufleba (Tu, ra Tqma unda, es mas surs). forma da Si-naarsi yovelTvis rodia Tanmxvedri... magram visTvis da ratom aqvs mniSvneloba, ram “ubiZga” baton merabs “orive mxares” mimxroboda? ar SeiZleba, davuSvaT, rom es el-ementarulad misi moqalaqeobrivi Segnebidan gamomdin-areobda? xids iqiTac da aqeTac xom Cveni sazogadoebis mniSvnelovani nawili idga?! vin gansazRvra qarTul si-namdvileSi, rom upirobod romelime dapirispirebul ba-naks unda emxrobode? ratom unda vidgeT mudam arCevanis winaSe – pozicia Tu opozicia? kvlav unda gavimeoro: romel ganzomilebaSi vigulisxmebiT qarTvelebi, vinc arcerT mxares ar vukravT taSs? xolo rac Seexeba merab sefaSvils, rac an sadac ar unda imReros, mudam maqvs da, imedia, meqneba misTvis taSis dakvris survili.

5 ianvris arCevnebis wina da Semdgom periods uneburad vadareb Cemi TaobisaTvis erT-erT yvelaze mtkivneul process – “umaRlesSi Cabarebas”. is, rom maSindeli gamocdebi gaumarTavi da, rbilad rom vTqvaT, naklebad obieqturi iyo, arasodes iwvevda eWvs. magram, ratomRac, TiTqmis aravis aRelvebda (da, rogorc vxedav, bevrs arc axla aRelvebs) im avadsaxsenebeli sabWoTa sistemis gayal-bebis meqanizmebi. am meTodebis wyalobiT gamocdebis winac da Semdegac Relavdnen mxolod im abiturientTa mSoblebi, visac xeli ar miuwvdeboda dafinansebis wyaroebze. egreT-wodebuli “Cawyobili” abiturientebi ki oficialuri siebis gamoqveynebasac ar elodebodenen, ise miemgzavre-bodnen winaswar SerCeuli an spontanurad dagegmili mar-

arCevnebis cieb-cxelebis drosRa xdeba. rogorc yvela qarTveli, 5 ianvars saocrad aforiaqe-

buli viyavi. erTi Cveulebrivi damkvirveblis poziciidan Tu Sevecdebi axsnas, unda vaRiaro, rom namdvilad ar ve-lodi mmarTveli partiis amgvarad demokratiul maCvene-blebs (piradad 56-63% vvaraudobdi). magram Tu e.w. saer-TaSoriso parametrebiT ganvsjiT, gayalbebis procen-tuli maCvenebeli opoziciis realuri Sansebis propor-ciulic ki ar gamodga. anu, Tu “ariTmetikuli logikiT” ganvmartavT, mosalodnelze bevrad naklebi iyo. da miux-edavad yvelafrisa, opoziciam dRemde ver gaiTavisa, rom damarcxda (vfiqrob, es arCevnebamdec ki moxda). opozicia uunaro gamodga imiTac, rom erTiani arCevani ver gaakeTa araTu gamarjvebisaTvis, TviT arCevnebisaTvisac ki. mou-lodneli araferi momxdara: rogorc yovelTvis, yvelas pirveli xmis mRera mounda... arada, TiTqos sayovelTaod cnobili WeSmaritebaa: qarTuli polifonia swored mrav-alxmianobis gamoa unikaluri, erTi mTlianis ganuyofeli nawilia yoveli xma da esaa misi srulyofilebis “saidum-loc”. erTi Cveneburisa ar iyos, Tu gverdSi mdgomi ar gi-yvars, ver imRereb. mavani ki daamatebda: miT ufro, Tu arc xma gaqvs da arc Tavmoyvareoba (Tumca romel qarTvels ar uyvars Tundac gaubedavi RiRini, vTqvaT, sufraze?).

Cvens Temas rom davubrundeT, 5 ianvris “gamocdebis” dasuraTeba amgvari gamogviva: yvelaze prestiJulsa da popularul fakultetze konkursma piks miaRwia, magram opoziciis bedi “zogadi unar-Cvevebis “ gamocdam gad-awyvita: verc xmebi SearCies sworad, verc scena moirges da verc mayurebeli “daipyres”. metsac vityodi: arc repertuaris SesarCevad SeuwuxebiaT didad Tavi. momav-ali saparlamento arCevnebisadmi maTma damokidebule-bam kidev ufro damarwmuna amaSi, da, samwuxarod, maTs araadekvatur damokidebilebaSi sakuTari arCevanisadmi. opoziciam, SesaZloa, “unar-CvevebSi” amjeradac mosal-odnelze dabali qula miiRos, rac pirdapirproporciu-li aRmoCndeba momaval arCevnebSi sazogadoebis maTdami ndobisa. qarTveli eris is nawili ki, visac guli erCoda da realurad undoda xelisuflebis gamofxizleba saSiSi ei-foriidan, samwuxarod, kvlav motyuebuli an ganxibluli darCeba.

Tumca, rogorc ityvian, SemTxveviT araferi xdeba... da saparlamento arCevnebamde, SesaZlebeli rom iyos, erT gabedul arCevans SevTavazebdi jer kidev moqmed parla-ments: gazardos adgilebi umaRles sakanonmdeblo orga-noSi da Sesabamisad gansazRvros deputatTa xelfasebi. magaliTad: 300 adgili da TiToeuli deputatis xelfasi – 300 lari TveSi. erTi Cemi axlobelisa ar iyos, maSinve

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Tamar gamilaRdiSvili,bilbao, espaneTi

SrutebiT (Savi zRvis ku-rortebi, “pribaltika”, leningradi an moskovi). axlandel abiturientebs ki gamocdebis “Cawyo-bis” meqanizmebi friad gaurTules, magram, sam-agierod, sakmaod gafar-Tovda maTi “turistuli marSrutebis” areali da, didi xania, evropul ruqasac ki gascda. “gay-albebis meqanizmebiTa” da msgavsi terminebiT manipulireba ki qarTul sinamdvileSi mxolod


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davinaxavdiT, vin risTvis ibrZvis an risi gamkeTebelia Cveni qveynisaTvis.

erT ebraul aforizms gavixseneb: “niWi fuliviTaa: an gaqvs, an – ara”. fuli ki, ramdenic ar unda hqondes mavans, niWs amiT ver SeiZens, miTumetes, xalxis ndobasa da siy-varuls (madloba ufals!).

magram fuliTa da fulisaTvis SeZenili saparlamento

mandatebis niWierad gamoyeneba xom mainc unda SeZlon dalocvilebma?!

21 maisis arCevnebi mxolod saqarTvelos momavlisa-Tvis rodia gadamwyveti. am etapze saboloo, “saxelmwifo gamocda” aqvs Casabarebeli mTlianad qarTul politikur speqtrs... da “Cawyoba”, vfiqrob, amjerad aravis unda awyobdes.

arCevnebi arCevnebisaTvis (gagrZeleba)

safrangeTis qarTvel ltolvilTa saTvisto-mos iniciativiT mimdi-nare wlis 9 aprils, pa-rizSi afxazeTis Temaze orsaaTiani preskonfer-encia gaimarTa saxelwo-debiT “saqarTvelo: axa-li realoba afxazeTSi stabilurobisaTvis”. qarTuli samTavrobo da saparlamento struqtu-rebidan konferenciaze sityviT gamovidnen sa-qarTvelos vice-premieri da saxelmwifo ministri evropasa da evroatlan-

tikuri uZlurebis Sedegia 2003 wlis miwuruls saqarTve-los saTaveSi prodasavluri jgufis mosvla kremlis mier inspirirebuli afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis konfliqte-bis miuxedavad. oficialuri ruseTis mier ganxorciele-bulma ekonomikurma Tu samxedro zewolam veRar SeuSala xeli saqarTvelos evroatlantikur aliansSi integraciis politikis warmatebiT ganviTarebaSi.

sabWoTa memkvidreobiT miRebuli myari poziciebis SenarCunebas samxreT kavkasiis regionSi ruseTi, frangi mkvlevaris TqmiT, mxolod ekonomikuri ZlierebiT Tu SeZ-lebs. rac Seexeba afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis TviTgamo-cxadebul respublikebs, aq b-ni vinatieri irwmuneba, rom maTi aRiarebis sakiTxi ruseTis mmarTvel wreebSi dRes realurad ar arsebobs, vinaidan kremli, Tavis mxriv, cdi-lobs daarwmunos separatistebi, rom mxolod ruseTis mier miniWebuli damoukidebloba arafrad eRireba imis gaTva-liswinebiT, rom “nebismieri saxelmwifos damoukideblo-bis srulyofili aRiareba mxoloddamxolod msoflios ga-vleniani qveynebis, maT Soris aSS-sa da evrokavSiris wevrTa umravlesobis mier aRiarebas emyareba” – dasZina avtorma.

saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrma da saparlamento komi-siis Tavmjdomarem, b-nma SoTa malaSxiam sityviT gamosvli-sas vrceli mimoxilva gaakeTa qarTul-afxazuri konfli-qtis Sesaxeb; isaubra konfliqtis gamomwvev mizezebze da misi mSvidobiani mogvarebis perspeqtivebze. bn-ma malaSxiam xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom afxazebisa da qarTvelebis mSvido-bian Tanacxovrebas adasturebs warmatebuli urTierTTa-namSromlobis mravalsaukunovani istoria, mWidro naTe-sauri kavSirebi da TviT is faqtic, rom afxazebis udides nawils monawileoba ar miuRia saomar moqmedebebsa da eT-nowmendaSi.

1992-93 wlebis qarTul-afxazurma SeiaraRebulma kon-fliqtma 14 aTasze meti adamianis sicocxle Seiwira da 350 000-mde afxazeTis mkvidri qarTveli sakuTar samSo-bloSi devnilad iqca, omiT miyenebulma zaralma da dana-kargebma, saqarTvelos generaluri prokuraturis das-

kvnis mixedviT, 10 miliard do-lars gadaaWarba. b-ni_ malaSxias TqmiT ki, dReisaTvis es zarali 20 miliardamde gaizarda, rac 4-jer aRemateba saqarTvelos biujets.

b-nma malaSxiam ganacxada, rom usafuZvloa kosovos pre-cendentad warmoCena afxazeT-Tan mimarTebaSi. – “dasavleTis mier kosovos damoukideblobis aRiareba niSnavs eTnowmendis msxverplTa mxardaWeras, xolo afxazeTSi momxdari eTnowmen-dis msxverpli qarTveli mo-saxleobaa da afxazeTis damou-

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh

eka xijakaZe,parizi, safrangeTi

tikur aliansSi integraciis sakiTxebSi, b-ni giorgi bara-miZe da saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri, saparlamento ko-misiis Tavmjdomare teritoriuli mTlianobis sakiTxebSi, b-ni SoTa malaSxia. Tbilisidan, pirdapiri videoCarTviT, saqarTvelos prezidentma mixeil saakaSvilma adgilobrivi mediisa da sazogadoebis warmomadgenelTa SekiTxvebs upa-suxa.

preskonferenciis organizatorebma saqarTvelos da-moukideblobis gamocxadebis dRes, 9 aprils, rogorc Cans, simbolurad daukavSires. Sexvedra parizis centrSi, triu-mfalur TaRTan axlos, Troyon-is quCaze, erT-erTi presti-Juli klubis darbazSi dilis 10:30-ze daiwyo. igi safran-geTis qarTvelTa saTvistomos prezidentma da preskonfe-renciis uSualo organizatorma b-nma oTar zurabiSvilma gaxsna. man madloba gadauxada mowveul stumrebs da Jur-nalistebs da aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos mimarT dasavluri sazogadoebis yuradReba mniSvnelovnad gaizarda buqares-tis samitis Semdeg.

konferenciaze sityviT gamovida parizis Tomas II-s saxelobis institutis mkvle-vari kavkasiis sakiTxebSi, b-ni laurent vinatieri, romelmac vrclad isaubra ruseTis rol-ze samxreT kavkasiis qveynebSi da maT Soris saqarTveloSi. mkvlevarma Tavis moxsenebaSi ganacxada, rom Tanamedrove ruseTis sagareo politikis Zi-riTad amocana erovnuli, eko-nomikuri interesebis gaZlie-rebaa, radgan is xedavs, rom misi politikuri gavlena dRiTidRe sustdeba samxreT kavkasiis regionis samive qveyanaSi. b-ni vinaties azriT, ruseTis poli-

“mjera, rom solidarobis suli evropaSi jerac cocxalia”


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mTavari Tema

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kideblobis aRiareba eTnowmendis organizatorTa waxali-seba iqneba” – ganacxada man.

b-nma malaSxiam damswre sazogadoebas aseve gaacno axa-li samSvidobo gegma, romelic 28 marts saqarTvelos pre-zidentma afxazur mxares SesTavaza. aRniSnuli samSvidobo gegma afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikisaTvis farTo uflebebis miniWebas iTvaliswinebs. kerZod, saqarTvelos vice-prezidentis postis SemoRebas, romelsac erovnebiT afxazi daikavebs, afxaz warmomadgenlobas saqarTvelos parlamentsa da mTavrobaSi da misTvis vetos uflebis mi-niWebas, Tavisufali ekonomikuri zonebis Seqmnas da sa-zRvao portebze erToblivi kontrolis dawesebas. manve daskvnis saxiT ganacxada, rom saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgena gadamwyveti nabiji iqneba mTlianad kavkasiis regionSi stabilizaciisaken, risTvisac Tbilisi mzad aris mSvidobiani meTodebiT imoqmedos da nebismieri sadao sakiTxi samarTlebriv doneze saerTaSoriso organi-zaciaTa monawileobiT gadawyvitos.

– “Cven gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas vaniWebT konfli-qtebis mSvidobianad mogvare-bis procesSi saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis rolis gaaq-tiurebas” – ganacxada Sesa-valSi saqarTvelos vice-pre-mier ministrma giorgi barami-Zem, romelmac konfliqtebis mogvarebasa da saqarTvelos Crdilo-atlantikur alians-Si integraciis urTierTkavSi-rze gaamaxvila yuradReba.

– “yvelasaTvis cnobilia rom nato-Si integracia, ukve mravali welia, rac saqarTve-los xelisuflebis mTavar prioritetad aris miCneuli, rac mimdinare wlis 5 ianvris plebiscitSi mosaxleobis 77%-ianma mxardaWeramac daadastura”, – dasZina b-n bara-miZem.

vice-premierma preskonferenciaze istoriuli Sefase-ba misca 3 aprilis buqarestis samits, romlis komunikeSic 26 saxelmwifos saxeliT pirdapir Caiwera, rom saqarTvelo aliansis wevri gaxdeba. misive TqmiT, saqarTvelo nato-Si integraciiT met Zalas SeiZens arsebuli konfliqtebis mSvidobiani mogvarebisaTvis, radgan mis mosaxleobas, kon-fliqturi regionebis CaTvliT, garantad 28 qveyana eyole-ba da Sesabamisad gamyardeba qarTuli poziciebi ruseTTan urTierTobaSic.

b-nma baramiZem dabejiTebiT ganacxada, rom konfliq-tebi saqarTvelos aliansSi gawevrianebas ar Seaferxebs. es gancxadeba, misi TqmiT, araerTgzis gakeTebula nato-s umaRles doneze.

saqarTvelos vice -premierma intensiuri TanamSromlo-bisaken mouwoda evrokavSirs iseT sferoebSi, rogoricaa sazRvris dacva, devnilTa dabruneba, konfliqturi zo-nebis ekonomikuri reabilitacia da sxva. man gadamwyveti mniSvneloba misca afxazeTSi rusuli samSvidobo Zalebis Canacvlebas evrokavSiris specialuri kontingentiT da saqarTvelo-ruseTis sazRvris afxazeTisa da samxreT ose-Tis monakveTze evrokavSiris iseTive missiis ganlagebas, romelic amJamad moldova-ukrainis sazRvarze moqmedebs.

giorgi baramiZem aseve aRniSna, rom saqarTvelosa da evrokavSirs Soris ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis gaRrma-veba, iseve rogorc savizo mimosvlis gamartiveba, riTac dRes moldova, ukraina da ruseTi sargebloben, mniSvnelo-vnad daaCqarebs konfliqtebis mSvidobiani mogvarebis pro-cess.

dRis 12 saaTsa da 15 wuTze preskonferencias, Tbili-sidan pirdapir eTerSi CarTviT, saqarTvelos prezidenti

b-ni mixeil saakaSvili SemouerTda. man frangul enaze upa-suxa JurnalistTa SekiTxvebs, romlebic ZiriTadad exebo-da saqarTvelos nato-Si integracias, qarTuli da frangu-li samoqalaqo sazogadoebebis urTierTobas da 28 martis axali samSvidobo gegmis perspeqtivebs.

stumrebis SekiTxvebs aseve upasuxes b-nebma giorgi ba-ramiZem da SoTa malaSxiam. dasasruls, preskonferenciis monawileebma madloba gadauxades Sexvedris organizato-rebs, Jurnalistebs da mowveul stumrebs. saqarTvelos vice-premieri preskonferencias Semdegi sityvebiT ga-moemSvidoba: “mjera, rom solidarobis suli evropaSi je-rac cocxalia”.

saprotesto aqcia parizSi

safrangeTis qarTvel ltolvilTa saTvistomos mowodebiT mimdinare wlis 19 aprils, qalaq parizSi, ru-seTis mier afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis „mcocavi aneq-siis” winaaRmdeg erTsaaTiani saprotesto aqcia gaimarTa,

romelsac daaxloebiT 120 qarTveli da araqarTveli SeuerTda.

2008 wlis 6 marts ruse-Tis TviTneburad gamosvlas 1996 wlis xelSekrulebidan, romelic mas afxazeTisaTvis samxedro daxmarebis gawevas ukrZalavda, daemata prezi-dent vladimer putinis 16 aprilis gancxadeba, romlis mixedviTac ruseTis xelisu-falma Tavis mTavrobas afxa-zeTTan da samxreT oseTTan urTierTobebis „normali-zeba” mosTxova.

safrangeTis qarTvelTa saTvistomom ar daayovna da

meore dResve,17 aprils, mwvave xasiaTis komunike gamoa-qveyna, romelSic aRSfoTeba gamoxata ruseTis xelisu-flebis „mzardi agresiis” gamo saqarTvelos mimarT: „ru-seTis xelisufleba, romelsac veranairi saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba ver abrkolebs, miiswrafis qarTuli te-ritoriebis – afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis aSkara aneq-siisken” – weria komunikeSi.

igive teqstSi oficialur ruseTs moixsenieben, ro-gorc qarTul-afxazuri konfliqtis „SeniRbul wamqe-zebels” da misi mogvarebis „upirveles xelisSemSlels, romelmac separatistul xelisuflebaSi mis mierve da-niSnulTa piriT uaryo saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mier SemoTavazebuli axali samSvidobo gegma.

asociaciis mmarTvelma komitetma ucxoeTSi myof qarTvelebs gaerTianebisaken mouwoda da saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis xelyofis safrTxesTan da-kavSirebiT 19 aprils qalaq parizSi saprotesto aqcia dagegma, romelSic monawileobisaken mouwoda saerTaSo-riso samarTlianobis mxardamWer yvela pirovnebas.

manifestaciaSi, romelic parizis droiT 16 saaTze daiwyo da erT saaTs gagrZelda, daaxloebiT 120 qar-Tvelma da sxva erovnebis adamianma miiRo monawileoba. saqarTvelos droSebiTa da plakatebiT SeiaraRebuli qarTvelebi Trokaderos moedanze, adamianis uflebaTa sasaxlesTan Seikribnen. erTi saaTis ganmavlobaSi Seu-Cereblad gaismoda saprotesto SeZaxilebi qarTulsa da frangul enebze, JRerda saqarTvelos erovnuli himni da qarTuli „mravalJamieri”.

maisis TveSi saprotesto aqciebis Catareba evropisa da amerikis araerT qalaqSia dagegmili. “Tanamemamules“ redaqcia mogiwodebT monawileoba miiRoT am aqciebSi.


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waruSleli kvali

sastumro “iveriis” Crdils re-spublikis moedani damrecad waekve-Ta. adreuli gazafxulis es Tbili dRe iqneb arc damxsomeboda, maTT-vis Tvali anazdad rom ar Semeswro: merabs TeTri Sarvali da Catanebuli Calisferi bluza ecva; TamrikosaT-vis mxarze msubuqad Semoedo mar-jvena. aCqarebuli feTqavda Seyva-rebuli qalis laviwTan iisferi vena. moseirne wyvili moajirTan Seyovn-da, mere TeTrma raindma xelebi mox-via da mklavebSi gadamala SveliviT damfrTxali qalis sxeuli.

* * *ukve disidentTa wreSi verie.

daviT aRmaSenebelis xsenebis dRis aRsaniSnavad merabTan, zviadTan da kokosTan erTad Tbilisidan quTais-Si unda gavmgzavrebuliyavi. 1988 wlis 7 Tebervlis saRamos, daTqmu-li droisaTvis, yvelam rkinigzis vagzlis pirvel baqanze moviyareT Tavi. mousvenroba merabs pirvelma zviadma Seatyo da ganze gaxmobiT raRac hkiTxa. “ara, kaco, ar iqneba!” – gasagonad Tqva merabma. me ukve msmenoda im urTierTobis Sesaxeb, romlis gamoc es fraza iTqva; magram, ucabedad, Cemi yuradReba CemTvis moulodnelad ganviTarebulma mov-lenam miiqcia: lampionebis sinaTliT ganaTebuli baqnis siRrmidan, pirda-pir Cvensken, TavganwirviT morboda Tamriko CxeiZe; morboda, raTa vaJka-coba daewunebia SeyvarebulisaT-vis, romelic megobris gulisaT-vis, misgan “damalviT” cdilobda quTaisSi “gaparvas”, qalur muStebs gulmkerdze scemda da xmamaRla, gu-lamokvnesiT Sestiroda merabs.

“Tbilisi-quTaisis” matarebeli rom daiZra, kupeSi mxolod samni vi-yaviT...

* * *quTaisma icoda, visac unda dax-

vedroda da merabi moisaklises.yvelaze metad soso andriaZisa

da gogi reviSvilis naxvam gamaxara. quTaisSi suk-s, albaT, ise xSirad aravin Seuwuxebia, rogorc – gogi. qalaqSi Tu rame “gafaCundeboda”, im-wamsve mas daibarebdnen dasakiTxad. gogi makiTxebda grigol robaqiZis “gvelis perangis” xeliT gadaweril nawyvetebs. manve maCuqa am didi mwer-lis fotosuraTic.

male stumrebica da maspinZlebic, sanTlebiT xelSi, daviT aRmaSeneb-lis saflavis qvis irgvliv mdumared

giorgi meluava, jorjia, aSS videqiT da saqarTvelosaTvis vloc-ulobdiT. mere kriala eTeri fo-ladiviT sufTa xmam gakveTa... merabi Camosuliyo. didi xania ase Zlier araferi gamxareboda. didi mefis sapativsacemod aRvlenili litur-Riis Semdeg, monastris sasuliero pirebma da quTaqurma maspinZlebma sufrasTan migvipatiJes. maT Soris axlaRa SevniSne Cemi leqtorebi – ba-tonebi petre vaWriZe da avTandil nikoleiSvili. maSin qvecnobierad mi-vxvdi: qarTvelebs Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobisaTvis brZola arasodes, ara-sodes gauwyvetiaT...

axla, ukve mosaR-amovebulze, isev quTai-sur sufrasTan, cixidan axladganTavisuflebu-li patimris ojaxSi, merabis gverdiT vzi-var. albaT, amis gamo, smisa – ara, magram ra-Racnairi, Wamis ridi damedo. is ki, misi bux-una xmiT, xSirad mesi-tyveboda da vgrZnobdi – kacze ufro mets vejeqi gverdiT. sadRe-grZelos warmoTqmisas, misi yoveli sityva saqarTveloTi iyo gancdili, simRera ki samSoblos TavdadebisaTvis mowodebasaviT ga-ismoda da sisxls maWariviT miduReb-da. “guuSin Svidni gurjanelnii!.” – axaverdebda merabi da biWi iyavi, qristesa da mamulisaTvis guli maS-inve ar gadageRara.

* * *me Tqvenze meti xania, rac da-

moukidebel saqarTveloSi vcxovrob! me da kidev daaxloebiT ocdaaTamde is adamiani, vinc varkeTilSi, qal-baton valentina failoZis binaSi, araregalurad viyaviT Sekrebilni. aq damswreTagan umetesoba meoTxe dasSi vaerTianebdiT Tavs. merabma SemogvZaxa – aqeT SemodiTo. misi xmis tonusi aqac ki mowodebiTi iyo, iseTi, rogoric mitingebze sCveoda. Canda, sityvas amTavrebda. mcire pauza gaakeTa, tons kidev ufro auwia da omaxianad dahquxa – “megobrebo! dReidan meoTxe dasSi saqarTvelos damoukideblad vacxadeb!!!”

ase megona, didi xani iyo, qarTuli suli ise arasodes ayvavebula, ro-gorc im bednieri wuTebis dros...

* * *gaxsovT, rusTavelis ZeglTan

axlos, javaxiSvilis quCis aRmarTis

dasawyisSi aeroflotis Senoba rom idga? aqac da TiTqmis mTeli qu-Cis gaswvriv, suk-is TanamSromlebi idgnen. maT ukve icodnen, rom peda-gogiuri biblioTekis ezoSi, merab kostavas saxlis win, “araformalebi,” saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dRis aRsaniSnavad, mitingis gamarTvas apirebdnen. dasis wevrebi, ra Tqma unda, winaswar viyaviT gafrTxileb-ulni. me Tadarigi adreve daviWire: redaqciidan gavipare da viTomda samuSaod, oriode saaTiT adre, bib-

lioTekis samkiTxvelo darbazSi gamyavda dro. aqaurobis xSiri stumari gaxldiT, bevric kargad micnobda, maT Soris, merabis dedac, romelic am dawesebulebis Tanam-Sromeli iyo. sul male kari merabma SemoaRo da dedamisi moikiTxa, mere, Semotrialebulma, me daminaxa. saxeze Sevatyve, Zalian gauxarda, “eSma-kobasac” mimixvda da aR-gznebuli xmiT SemomZaxa – uuh! Sen ukve aqa xar!

“kostavas ezoSi” amoRweva sam aTeulamde

kacma mainc moaxerxa. isini umetesad merabs, zviads, giorgi Wantutias, irakli wereTels, vano xuxuneiSvil-sa da sxvebs amohyvnen. aha, qarTuli, samferovani droSac gaiSala. merabi ezos SemaRlebul adgilze idga. “mam-uliSvilno!..” – Tergi mohquxda misi bagidan, magram vai, Jamo, ulmobelo! qarTvelebi isev sarwmunoebisa da urwmunoebis sxvadasxva falangebze idgnen...

mere (xmebi):– Saduri, gvencaZe...– xom giTxari, zviad, merab...CeltiviT daSlili, darbeuli

mitingi...yviTeli “ikarusi” (im aeroflo-

tis Senobis win) da me – “zenitis” fo-toaparatiT xelSi...

ramdenime kadris gadaReba movas-wari. axla unda gavqceuliyavi da firi gadamemala. gavrbodi. zeviT, mTawmindaze, Cemi megobari amiran tyebuCava cxovrobda. firi misi bi-nis ezoSi sadRac gadavmale; mere isev qvemoT daveSvi da saocrad aforia-qebulma, Cemi Tanakurselis, lia ge-laZis saxls Sevafare Tavi. lias Zma – Cito merabis megobari da mezobe-li iyo. iq damxvdurT mitingis darbe-vis ambebs aRelvebuli vuyvebodi. am


TeTri raindieZRvneba merab kostavas xsovnas


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waruSleli kvali

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ojaxidan stumari ise arasodes wasu-la, rom misTvis sufra ar gaeSalaT. hoda, imden xans davyovndi liasTan, sanam Cemma kirCxibulma winaTgrZno-bam Caxmaxi ar mosxlita da burTiviT quCaSi ar gamisrola, Sinagani xma Cems sxeuls sadRac miaqanebda...

mere, saRamos bindSi, Cemi Tva-lebis gugebze adamianTa mwkrivi airekla. igi axla swored im adgils uaxlovdeboda, sadac, ramdenime saa-Tis win, datyvevebuli disidentebiT savse avtobusi idga. ramdenime saaTi vTqvi, ara? magram es ramdenime saa-Ti qarTvelTa gamoRviZebis saaTad qceuliyo, komunisturi reJimisadmi SiSi welSi gatexiliyo da ubralo, magram axal, Tavisufal saqarT-velos msurvel, adamianTa gabedul protests tyveobidan daexsna “ara-formalTa” Tavkacebi. o, amis Tqma, axla, advilad SemiZlia, magram, maSin:

– merab! – Tvalebs ver vu-jerebdi; miveWer da bavSviviT gadavexvie...

ganTavisuflebulma raindma gulSi umcros ZmasaviT Camikra da miTxra: – dRes Cemi dabadebis dRea, sufra gaSlilia, avideT, gvelodebian!

es moxda oci wlis win, 1988 wlis 26 maiss – merab kostavas dabadebisa da saqarTvelos da-moukideblobis dRes.

ra bunebrivia es damTxveva.ho, marTla, gaxsovT is plaka-

ti – merab kostava mgznebare saxiTa da momuWuli, zeaRmar-Tuli marjveniT rom aris gamosax-uli? aq mas Savi perangi acvia, ro-melic biblioTekis TanamSromlebma dabadebis dRisaTvis aCuqes. perangi ki wyvili SeuZeniaT – merabisaTvis da ... CemTvis.

* * *rva weli emigraciaSi yofnis

periodSi saqarTvelodan mosuli yvelaze kargi ambavi CemTvis is aris, rom saqarTvelos axal gerbze qa-rTvelebisaTvis yvelaze saWiro si-tyvebi – “Zala erTobaSia” – dauwe-riaT.

erToba ki yovelTvis gvaklda da dResac gvaklia.

maSinac megona, rom yvela erTad viyaviT:

oTxmocdarva wlis noembris aq-ciebis dasrulebisTanave, erovnul-demokratiuli partia iatakqveSeTi-dan gamovida da Tavisi pirveli kon-gresi gamarTa, araregalurad, glda-nis romeliRac mikroraionSi, kerZo binaze.

partiis mdivnis postze me irakli wereTels miveci xma.

“ra aris es mdivani!.” – saxeli namdvilad ar eWaSnikeboda iraklis

da aRarc gamoCenila meore dRes. Tavs raRac dabneulad vgrZnobdi, radgan “yvelani” ar viyaviT. mere merabi, zviadi da irakli baTiaSvili gamoCdnen. Turme, isini “CvenTan” ar yofilan. (amgvarma gulubryvilobam ramdenjerme damRupa.) ra gamovida, e.i. me merabis gverdiT aRar videqi?..

male yvela liders (da bevr aralidersac) Tavisi partia hqonda. saqarTvelo formalur partiaTa qveynad gadaiqca da Cvens mters es Za-lian, Zalian axarebda. ase ufro ad-vili iyo didi bermuxis waqceva, da-Rupva... sionis eklesiidan kostavas saxlamde SaosanTa uzarmazari mwkrivi uwyvetad miedineboda...

* * *unda daSorde, rom kargad dain-

axo: saqarTveloze dafiqrebul

emigrantTa gadasaxedidan, Cveni sam-Soblo sxvagvarad mosCans. ager ukve ocze meti wlis politikur pro-cesTa dauRvinaroba kacs zogjer gafiqrebinebs, rom saqarTvelos, rogorc srulad Camoyalibebul ers – am mcnebis ganmsazRvreli yvela niSan-Tviseba jer ar SeuZenia. Cemi qveynis uaxles istorias rom gavxedav, merab kostavasTana kaci, romelSic qarTvelisaTvis sasurve-li yvela Tviseba da xasiaTi iyos SenivTuli, sxva ar meguleba. tyuili ki ar aris is moaruli ambavi, samxreT saqarTvelodan mitingze Camosulma glexma merabs Tavisi ojaxis mar-Cenali Zroxis moparvis ambavi rom SesCivla da daxmareba sTxova. im pa-tiosanma glexma merabze arCevani am ukanasknelis didi adamianobis gamo gaakeTa. Tu qristianis ukeTesi Tviseba Tavmdablobaa, ukanaskneli ori aTeuli wlis manZilze sazogado asparezze gamosul adamianTa Soris, Cemi azriT, mas veravin Seedreba. merabi, Tavisi arsebobiT misi daRup-vis ukanasknel wuTamde, isev hkravda da aerTianebda partiebad daqsaqsul qarTvel xalxs. amitomac ergo mas

erovnuli gmiris upiratesi tituli. erTianoba aris swored is saSurveli TvisebaTagani, romlis SeZenisas, qarTveli eri SesaSuri sidiadiTa da siamayiT gaibrwyinebs isev Cveni civilizaciis winaSe. Cvens mtrebs, SesaZloa, yvelaferi davaTmobinoT, magram, isini arasodes Seeguebian imas, rom qarTvelebs erTi saero azri da xma hqondeT. erTianobis – am udidesi ideis – matarebeli da gamtarebeli gaxldaT merab kostava da amitomac daRupes igi. yvelaze savalalo ki is gaxlavT, rom Cvens ers xanmokle mexsiereba aRmoaCnda da udidesi istoriis manZilze dag-rovebul did mware gamocdilebas arafrad agdebs...

200 wliT qarqaSSi xmlis Cagebam qarTul genetikaSi TiTqmis gaau-

gulebelyo mRviZarebis is upi-ratesi, marad Tanmxlebi Tviseba, romelic qarTvels qarTvelad aqcevda.

WeSmariti qarTveli mozidul mSvilds unda emsgavsos uTuod.

* * *ise asxamda, TiTqos cisas-

knels Camoqceva moewadinebina. mainc ar vepuebodi, erTianad ga-lumpuli mivarRvevdi mTawmindis aRmarTs. sulieri depresiebis ganqarvebas panTeonSi, Zvirfasi saflavebis irgvliv borialSi vaxerxebdi mxolod. riyis qvis filaqanze Rvari moedineboda da fexi misxlteboda. zemodan viRac Cqari nabijiT Camodioda: qals galumpuli, WaWisferi kapiuSo-

ni saxes ufaravda, magram, gverdis avlisas, Cveni Tvalebi erTmaneTs mainc SeefeTnen. am TvalebSi yo-velTa qarTvelTa udidesi tragedia esvena, romelsac Seyvarebulmoklu-li qalis gulamde gaedga mwuxarebis ZarRviani fesvi. ubedurebis amgvar-ma aRqmam adgilze gamaqvava, mxolod mZime mzeriTRa mivacilebdi Tamriko CxeiZis glovisagan galeul sxeuls.

* * *aravis axsendeba sikvdili beri

Tevdores, cotne dadianisa Tu qa-quca ColoyaSvilis saxelebis war-moTqmisas, aravis axsendeba sikvdi-li merab kostavas saxelis gverdiT. adamianebi RvTis mier Cvenze daweri-li misiis Tanaziarni da aRmsruleb-lebi varT. mxolod egaa, RmerTis rCeulebs misiac zogaderovnuli da sakacobriod humanuri aqvT. amg-varma xvedrma aqcia merab kostava saqarTvelosaTvis SewirulTa Tana-varskvlavedSi im kaSkaSa mnaTobad, romelsac qarTvelebma xSirad unda gavusworoT Tvali da seriozulad davfiqrdeT Cvens awmyosa da moma-valze.

giorgi meluava da Semoqmedis wminda gior-gis eklesiis moZRvari, mama nikolozi merab

kostavas dakrZalvis dRes.


emigrantTaJurnali

14

qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh cicino jervaliZe,vaSingtoni, aSS

amerikis Zveli qarTuli emigraciis uxucesi wevri batono petre xvedeliZe 90 wlisaa…

batonma petre xvedeliZem erTxel miTxra – ar ginda, genacvale, Sens werilebSi xSirad nu maxseneb, ar minda xalxs Tavi movabezroo. misi

“sayveduri” yurad ar viRe, radgan batoni petre safrangeTis da amerikis Zveli qarTuli emigraciis ukanaskneli, Rirseuli mohikania... warsulidan Cveni saamayo qarTve-lebis aCrdilebi gamovixme, maTi odesRac petresadmi miwerili ba-raTebi saarqivo mtvers amovaride, zed ramdenime Tanamedrove werilic davurTe da es masala mogimzadeT.…

waikiTxavT da imedi maqvs da-meTanxmebiT, rom es amonaridebi saocari magaliTia uSurvelad ga-Rebuli madlisa Tu aRiarebuli mad-lierebisa, gacemuli sikeTisa Tu am sikeTis saocari danaxvisa, urTierT gaziarebuli tkivilisa Tu urTi-erT miniWebuli sixarulisa...

batoni petres cxovrebis yoveli dRe pasuxia sulmnaTi ilias dide-buli sityvebisa – “kacad maSin xar saqebi, Tu es wesi wesad darge, yov-el dResa Sen Tavs hkiTxo – aba dRes me vis ra varge”.

sayvarelo mego-baro da Zmao petre,

miviReT Seni Zvir-fasi werili da bevr-jer gadavikiTxe. ver warmoidgen, rogor ganvicdiT Sen aq ar yofnas. yovelTvis Sen xsenebaSi varT didebic da patare-bic. sxva qarTvele-bic.

warmodgenili gvaqvs, rom axal pi-robebSi, axal qveya-naSi (amerika – c.j.) arc ise ad-vilia SeCveva da mokalaTeba, ma-gram guls nu iwyvet – Seni sulis, gulisa da Tavis patroni – namdvi-li qarTveli da mebrZoli – arsad ar daikargeba…

Cvenc yvelani gonebiT SenTan varT…

Seni Zma levan zurabiSvili, parizi, 1.11.56

* * *Cemo Zvirfaso Zmao petre,...Statebis qarTul saTvisto-

moSi moRvaweoba iseTive rTuli da amaRelvebelia, rogorc yove-live qarTul sazogadoebriv saq-

meSi. magram guls nu itex – aseTia Cveni buneba. qarTvelebi yovelT-vis iyvnen mousvenarni, areulni da Jinianebi, magram saqarTvelo mainc diadobda gaWirvebaSi da mSvidobianobaSic. ras izam, aseT Znel xalxTan gvaqvs yovelTvis saqme – magram simarTle da uanga-roba Tavis gzas ar dahkargavs.

„qarTuli azris“ ukanasknel nomerSi moTavsebuli „ieriSi“ ar momewona – marTalic rom iyves – aseTi wesiT warmoebuli „poli-tikuri“ moqmedeba saxifaToa da ara sasiamovno.

...Cveni yvelani giZRvniT Cvens saukeTeso survilebs da gisur-vebT yovelive sikeTes.

petre xvedeliZe – buro didubeli, pedro amaCi (ase mimarTvadnen frangebi) da bolos 1967-87 wlebSi amerikis xmis qarTuli ganyoflebis erT-erTi cno-bili wamyvani – kika Waleli daibada 1918 wlis 25 ivniss TbilisSi.

1937 wels daamTavra Tbilisis me-10 SromiTi skola, imave wels ufrosi Zmis mixeilis, romelic samxedro piri iyo, dapatimrebis gamo petre xvedeliZem TbilisSi veRar SeZlo swavlis ga-grZeleba. ris gamos wavida stalin-gradSi, sadac im xanad misi meore Zma inJinrad muSaobda.

1939 wels gaiwvies wiTel armiaSi, sa-dac mouswro meore msoflio omma.

1941 wlis 12 ivliss tyved Cauvarda germanelebs.

1944 wlis gazafxulze germanuli jaris nawilidan igi gadaiyvanes qar-Tul legionSi da legionTan erTad gaagzavnes safrangeTSi, qalaq kastrSi.

1994 wlis agvistos bolos diviziis meTauris maxTisa da polkovnik Sara-biZis mier miRweuli iqna SeTanxmeba degolistebTan, rom ganeiaraRebinaT komunisturad da antikomunisturad ganwyobili qarTvelebi da momxdariyo maTi internireba safrangeTis SeiaraR-ebuli Zalebis mier.

1944 wlis noembridan petre xve-deliZe msaxurobda safrangeTis ucxo-Ta legionSi, am legionTan erTad 1944-48 wlebSi imyofeboda afrikaSi, xolo 1948 wels miiRo monawileoba vietnamis omSi. omSi miRebuli mZime Wrilobisa da ramdenime operaciis Semdeg 1951 wels petre xvedeliZe gaanTavisufles samxe-dro samsaxuridan. ris Semdegac gadav-ida parizSi da rogorc omis veterani, specialobis misaRebad gadaagzavnes radio-televiziis saqmis Sesaswavlad.

1955 wels daamTavra eleqtronikis teqnikuri saswavlebeli da erTi weli imuSava frangul kompaniaSi, romelic didi radiosadgurebisaTvis radio-aparaturas amzadebda.

1956 wlis oqtomberSi petre xve-deliZe amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi gadavida. 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi cxov-robda niu-iorkSi, sadac aseve daamTa-vra amerikis radio korporaciis te-qnikuri sasawavlebeli. dRisiT muSaob-da, xolo saRamos sxvadasxva skolaSi iRebda damatebiT ganaTlebas – swav-lobda Queens College-Si.

1967 wlis pirveli maisidan petre xvedeliZe miiwvies amerikis xmis qar-Tul ganyofilebaSi, sadac moRvaweob-da 1985 wlis 2 ivnisamde, pensiaSi gasv-lamde.

mxolod samSoblo dagrCeniaTxatad da ficad


emigrantTaJurnali

qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

15

eqspromtibaton petre xvedeliZes

netav, rogoria saqarTvelo, – Soridan rogoria iveria…ruka-gaglejili sanaxevrod,Tqveni ameri da imeria.

dgaxar daTovlili sinanuliT,guli mwuxarebiT gebindeba…mamuls gaumxilo siyvaruli,TiTqos ekrZalvi da gerideba.

samyaro aTasgziT moiare,xifaTi aTasgzis agerida…Sav zRvasTan ras mova okeane?...iveriasTan amerika?!...

TinaTin mRvdliaSvili 23.02.08, Tbilisi

koki guguSvili da petre xvedeliZe

levani, zeinabi da bavSvebi,parizi 15.12.58

* * *Zvirfaso Zmao petre,es aris, Semogvitana fostalion-

ma Seni gamogzavnili 9580 franki, romelsac „mananasaviT“ velodiT. ...didi madloba Seni, TviTon gaWir-vebulma rom mogvixerxe da mainc amdenis gamogzavna da b-n. vanosac (vano kobaxiZe – imxanad amerikis qarTuli saTvistomos xelmZRvane-li – c.j.) moaxsene Cven magier. ...sa-magieri – ar gagecinos – RmerTma saqarTveloSi gadagvaxdevinos...

...aba, yoCaRad iyav, Cemo petre da kidev didi madloba Cvengan.

pativiscemiT r. gabaSvili, pari-zi, 30.09.59

* * *metad Zvirfasi Zmao petre,rogorc iqna gveRirsa Seni

werili da, rac iSviaTia Seni pi-radi cxovrebis cota rames ga-geba – rasac didi xania gTxiv-diT. pesimizms Tavs nu miscem... an rogor SeiZleba? ramdeni mZime momentebi da rTuli, faqtebiT da gancdebiT mdidari cxovreba gadaitane da msxverplad Seswire Sens ideals da WeSmarit qarTve-lobas – da axla gaxdebi pesimi-sti? viRacis kritikas, Tu sazo-gadoebriv ieriSebs – yuradRebas nu aqcev – Sen gaqvs Seni xazi, gyavs msajulad – Seni svindisi da mokav-Sireebad ara mxolod Cveni saerTo, sruli ndoba, aramed mTel qarTul sazogadoebis pativiscema da me-gobruli ganwyobileba...

...Seni levani [zurabiSvili], pa-rizi, 22.02.59

* * *Zmao petre,RmerTma giSvelos aTasad, ro-

gorc Sen gviSvele droze, radgan visxediT da vfiqrobdiT „xval ra unda vWamoT?“ qveynis trialze fiqris magier, raki sul 125 Zve-li franki mogvigrovda. swored am dros, sruliad moulodnelad movida „Cveni“ fostalioni da war-moidgine, me maSin mivxvdi, rom Sen-gan iyo gamogzavnili... saerTod, es zafxuli Zalian gagviWirda da ar vici, rogor iqneba Cveni saqme. TiT-qo Cemma wignma „rac maxsovs“ ukuR-ma Seatrialao Cveni bedi, mas aqeT, rac gamovida, sul ukan da ukan wa-vida Cveni yvelanairi „Semosavali“. aRarc mowafeebi, aRarc Targmani...

...Cemo petre, ar ifiqro am „pesi-misturi“ werilis gamo, rom gul-gatexili da cariela “Wamamdis”

viyo CamoqveiTebuli. …Zvele-burad bevrsa vmuSaob da vswavlob qarTuli sakiTxebis garSemo (…ra vuyo rom amisagan Semosavali ara maqvs: “ara puriTa oden cxondebis adamiani”) da suli ufro da ufro saintereso da Rrmad Camafiqrebel perspeqtivebis imediTa vcxovrob. iqneb xruSCovis “gopak”-Rrejam saqarTvelomdisac migviyvanos.

aba, iyavi kargad da mxned, Seni ambavic moiwere. petiviscemiT,

r. gabaSvili, parizi, 16.07.1961

* * *Zvirfaso Zmao patre,bevri xlaforTia politikis

da qvelmoqmedebis saqmeebis erT-

droulad movla Cvens pirobebSi – magram aseTia cxovreba da aramc-Tu unda SevurigdeT am saWiroebas, aramed viamayoT imiT, rom RmerTma es gvarguna…

…yovel SemTxvevaSi Sen ki unda gagiwyre – metismets fuls axar-jav yvela SenTan mosul qarTvels (fulians Tu ufulos) da saCuqrebs “afrqvev”...

...dro dadga, rodesac Sen Tavze unda seriozulad izruno. nu gavi-wydeba, rom xval SeiZleba kidev ufro saWiro iyo im idealisaTvis da im keTil saqmisaTvis, romelsac Sen ase Tavgamodebulad emsaxurebi dResac.

...iyavi kargad, Zamia petre da Sen Tavs kargad mouare, gexveviT da gkocnoT yvelani.

Seni levan zurabiSvili, parizi, 14.10.67

* * *Zvirfaso Zmao da megobaro pe-

tre,rogorc mudam xdeba, dasvenebis

Semdeg damixvda ormagi saqmianoba da saweri. axla vsargeblob imiT, rom bankma macnoba Seni guluxv Se-mowirulebis frankebad gadaxur-davebis swori jami da maSasadame

qviTris gamoweris SesaZleblobiT – rom gamogesaubro, jer pirveli, imave saganze, rom mogaxseno (rac ukve ici albaT) rom gaTvaliswineb-uli bina-sardafi ukve SeZenilia, mis mowyobas, mopirkeTebas Cveni xuroTmoZRvari-arqiteqtori aleqsi kobaxiZe Seudgeba momavali Tvidan… amaze ufro dawvrilebiT mogiyvebi aq rom iqnebi…

magram erTxel kidev gadaaWarbe: ar iyo saWiro Sen meti Semogewira, vidre SegiZlia “amerikis biZiao-bas” Tavi daanebe. yvela CvenTvis mTavari saCuqaria Seni Tavi da ara saCuqar-gajutebi!

marad Seni levan da zeinabipol-marli, 18.07.1972

* * *Zvirfaso petre,didi madloba Cvengan. es dau-

viwyari ZRvenia. gTxov momavalSi nu gamomigzavni, RmerTo Cemo, am-deni Tanxis yovelwliurad gamog-zavna bolos dabolos “begara” xom ar aris? uxerxul mdgomar-eobaSi vvardebi xolme. Sen CemTan puri ar gagitexia, erTi Wiqa Rvinoc ar dagvilevia erTad da aseTi megobruli yuradReba Cemi patara qaliSvilisadmi daufase-

belia da dauviwyari. es jer arc evropaSi, arc SeerTebul StatebSi aravis gaukeTebia Sens mets. Cvens sayvarel gogonas ukve guSin, 13 ianvars Seusrulda 18 weli… swav-lobs gimnaziaSi…

bevri vicine Seni “gakeTilSo-bilebisaTvis”, magram es araferia, RmerTma magaze meti sadardebeli ar mogces. gvaris keTilSobileba ki ar aris saqme, aramed rom adamiani marTlac, rom iyos guliT da saqmiT


emigrantTaJurnali

16

qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

keTilSobili. aseTi xar Sen, Cemo Zvirfaso petre. ise Zalian kargi giqnia, moqalaqeobis miRebis dros “ivane” ar Cagiweria. movkvdi RmerT-mani, aq rusebs gveZaxian, zogierT e.w. inteligents imdeni ar aqvs TavSi, rom qarTveli gaarCios rusisagan. aq erTma Cemma mego-barma miTxra – rusuli ena xom Tqveni meore mSobliuri ena ariso. es idioti ver davajere imaSi, rom ori mSobeli, ori deda ar arsebobs am qveynad.

aq erTxel tfilisidan Cam-ovida qarTvel mocekvaveTa ansambli da aRfrTovanebuli maTi cekvebiT, gazeTebi werd-nen: rusebi kavkasiidan, kazake-bi saqarTvelodan da bevri ram. movundi protestebis weras…

... Cemi meuRle avadmyofobs. ma-gram rame rom mouvides, daviRupe-biT oriveni. sxva patroni, magis meti, Cven ar gvyavs. xom ici me 100% invalidi var. es germanuli modgmis adamiani arafers ar iSurebs CemTvis, mivlis da gvivlis.

xom ar mogabezre Tavi am gaberili weriliT?

gulwrfeli mokiTxva gabisagan da anelizisagan.

gabim miTxra: biZia petres werili mivwereo, inglisur enazeo. netav Tu swored da-wera?

marad Seni keTilismsur-veli ilia kuWixiZe.

miunxeni, 14.01.83

* * *Cemo kargo petre babua,rogor xarT? gavige fexi

gawuxebT, Turme…gvewyina, aba, Tqvennair

adamianTan avadmyofobas ra xeli aqva? gamojanmrTelebas gisurvebT suliTa da guliT.

TbilisSi gazafxuli nel-nela moipareba. quCaSi mox-ucebi daatareben ia-iebs, yo-Civardebs. guSin iseTi ucnau-ri amindi iyo – diliT Tovda, Tovda… mere mzem gamoaWyi-ta… saRamos qarma daubera. Cems fanjarasTan Wermis totze foTlebma kvirtebi-dan gamoiWyites, yvavili ki dRe-dReze afeTqdeba. netav rogoria TqvenTan gazafxu-li?

petre babua, didi madlo-ba esoden sasargeblo da gemovnebiani saCuqrebisa-Tvis. isini CemTvis, rogorc

JurnalistisaTvis ormagad Zvirfa-sia, Tqvens yuradRebasTan erTad. Tqven CemTvis yovelive keTilis, si-wmindis, erTgulebisa da simarTlis didi magaliTi xarT. vecdebi odnav

mainc mogiaxlovdeT Cemi zneobiT. Tu amas SevZleb, Tavs bednierad CavTvli. Tqven Cveni “Tovlis babua” xarT, oRond mudmivi da sayvareli…

Zalian miyvarxarT da meamayebiT, Cveno “Tovlis babua”…

…Tavs gaufrTxildiT! Cven aqedan Cveni siyvaruliT mogex-marebiT, rom gauZloT monatrebas

samSoblosas, aqauri miwisas, cisas, romlis xilviTac ase ganebivrebuli varT da verc ki vafasebT saTanadod, radgan aqvea xelisgawvdenaze, Cvenia…

…gisurvebT kidev erTxel gamojanmrTelebas, yovelive sikeTes da RvTis wyalobas. mowiwebiT gikocniT xelebs, romlebic amden madls Tesaven am qveynad.

didi siyvaruliT nana yave-laSvili.

Tbilisi, 3.03.03

* * *...aq mTavrdeba Cveni “mogzau-

roba” sikeTis saufloSi. Zia petres vulocavT kidev erTi zafxulis

SemobrZanebis. dae, misma 90-e ivnisma bednieri fexi Se-modgas mis cxovrebaSi da Tan moutanos janmrTeloba, mx-neoba, amaRlebuli ganwyoba, sixaruli da sikeTe. is sikeTe, romelic mas guluxvad aqvs gacemuli mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi. is sixaruli, riTac araerTxel gauxarebia adamianTa gulebi. igi Cveni fesvmagari, Zlieri da imedi-ani bermuxaa. dae, es Zlier-eba da imedi kidev didxans nu mogviSalos RmerTma…

Zia, petre! icocxleT da ixareT mravalJamier. Tqven marTlac bednieri adamiani brZandebiT, rom RmerTma sikeTis aseTi niWi giboZaT. diax, niWi, radgan adamianTa didi nawili am niWs saerTod moklebulia…

gmadlobT, rom arsebobT am qveyanaze.

Tavs gaufrTxildiT! icodeT, win kidev bevri kar-gi qarTuli saqmea sakeTebe-li…

P.S. saiubileo milocvas keTili survilebiT uerT-debian amerikis Zveli qar-Tuli emigraciis Warmagi warmomadgenlebi – qalba-toni elisabed ramiSvili, batonebi niko Tofuria da mamia zaqraZe niu-iorkidan.

(masalaSi gamoyenebuli piradi werilebis stili maq-simalurad daculia)

baton petre xvedeliZes

Sors gadaxvewilo, magram gulTan axlos mdgaro kargo qarTvelo, batono. petre!

fizikurad ar gicnobT, magram suliT axlos dgaxarT CemTan da ara mxolod CemTan.

me movaxerxe Tqvens sulSi wvdoma da davinaxe WeSmariti qarTveli, romelic ase sWirdeba Cvens SeWirvebul saqarTvelos! nu dagwydebaT guli, Zalian Sors xarT, magram samSobloSi brZandebiT imav dros Tqveni cxovrebiT, saqmiT, rudunebiT!... Cemi uguliTadesi damokidebuleba minda Tqven-dami miZRvnili leqsiT davasrulo…

* * *roca cxovreba mTeli ZaliT giWers marwuxebs;roca pirispir gixdebodaT bedis win dgoma,miwis tkivili mimwuxris Jams kvlavac gawuxebT,sulSi ki uflobs, gazafxuli da Semodgoma.

mxolod nugeSad dagrCeniaT, samSoblo rom gaqvTSors, Zalian Sors da imav dros sulSi rom saxlobsTqveni cxovreba ber-monazvnis cxovrebas mohgavs,romelic mudam imyofeba am arsTan axlos.

roca ufalma moganiWaT Jami dRegrZelimameluqiviT Sors waggvaraT Svili zvarakad.cremli gdiodaT da sxvagvarad veRar SesZeliT,samSoblos piriT angelozi gelaparakaT!

da axla, roca wlebis ricxviT, mZime sxeuliT,am ucnauri bedisweris nebas daendeT,erTi qarTveli, guldamwvari kaci, euli,RvTismSoblis xatTan saqarTvelos suls rom avedrebT.

mxolod samSoblo dagrCeniaT xatad da ficad,rasac akeTebT, rasac lamaz ocnebad qargavT,albaT, Tan dagaqvT kurTxeuli qarTuli miwa,mas rom mamulis surneleba ar daukargavs!...

oTar soxaZe, Tbilisi, 7.05.03


emigrantTaJurnali

qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

17

2008 wlis 16 seqtembers, marTl-madideblobis zeimis kviras, kvipro-sis dedaqalaq niqoziis wminda pavles saxelobis mcire eklesiaSi pirveli wirva Catarda qarTulad. es ukve me-same taZaria kviprosze, sadac aq mcx-ovreb qarTvelebs mSobliur enaze wirva-locvis mosmena, mSobliur enaze RvTis dideba SeuZliaT.

kviprosze qarTvelebis Camosax-leba sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Sem-deg daiwyo. gansakuTrebiT 2000 wli-dan gaizarda siduxWires gamoqceu-lTa nakadi. amJamad kunZulze, rom-lis mosaxleobis raodenoba orive, berZnul da Turqul, mxares erT milions ar aRemateba, xuTi aTasze meti Cveni Tanamemamule cxovrobs. ukve kviprosis nebismier dabasa da qalaqSi Sexvdebi qarTvels. yvelaze mravlad q. pafosSi arian, albaT im-itom, rom pirvelad aq daiwyes dam-kvidreba. qarTvelebi ukve kompaq-turad cxovroben limasolsa da niqoziaSic.

kviprosis, rogorc damouki-debeli saxelmwifos, istoria sul oTx aTeul wels Tu moiTvlis. 1974 wels TurqeTma kunZulis me-samedi, yvelaze ufro ganviTare-buli da nayofieri miwebi miitaca. mosaxleoba Tavissave samSobloSi iqca ltolvilad. (ra nacnobi is-toriaa, ara?) kviproselebi Ses-aSuri mondomebiTa da Sromismoy-vareobiT gamoirCevian. maT far-xmali ar dayares. qveyanaSi mSene-blobis bumia. amJamad ayvavebuli qalaqebi – larnaka, limasoli da pafo – sul cota xnis win umniSvne-lo dabebs warmoadgendnen. qarTve-li mamakacebic, ZiriTadad, am sfer-oSi arian dakavebuli. qalebi sas-tumroebSi, ojaxebSi, restornebsa da kafeebSi muSaoben damlageble-bad. bedismaZiebelni, romelTa did nawils umaRles ganaTlebamiRe-bulni warmoadgenen, Tavidan mar-to Camodian, Semdeg ojaxebic Camo-hyavT. mogexsenebaT, axalma Taobam inglisuri icis, berZnulsac maleve iTvisebs da amdenad SedarebiT msub-uq samuSaos asrulebs – sxvadasxva saxis savaWro dawesebulebebSi gamy-idvelad ewyoba. samwuxaroa, rom axal TaobaSic bevria iseTi, romel-mac umaRlesi ganaTleba ki miiRo sam-SobloSi, magram samuSao vera.

saerTod unda aRiniSnos, rom aq qarTvelebma adgilobrivi mosaxle-

obis, saero da sasuliero xelisuf-lebis ndoba da pativiscema daimsax-ures. kviprosis eklesiis erT-erT sinodze aq warmodgenili marTlma-didebeli eklesiebis Sesaxeb saubri-sas gansakuTrebulad maRali Sefase-ba mieca qarTuli eklesiis warmo-madgenlobis saqmianobas.

kviprosSi sxvadasxva mizezis gamo samSoblodan gadmoxvewili qarTve-lebis eklesiis garSemo Semokre-ba 2000 wlidan daiwyo, rodesac aq saqarTvelos sapatriarqos warmo-madgenloba Seiqmna da warmomadgen-lad dekanozi zaqaria feraZe gam-oigzavna. ukve momdevno wels Cveni patriarqis, uwmindesi da unetare-si ilia II-is vizitiT kvlav ganaxlda kviprosisa da saqarTvelos marTl-madidebel eklesiebsa da erebs So-ris tradiciulad arsebuli sauke-Teso urTierToba, romelsac saTave

jer kidev Sua saukuneebSi daudes Cvenma winaprebma.

qveynis or umniSvnelovanes qalaq-Si, pafosa da limasolSi, 2001 wlidan funqcionireben qarTuli eklesie-bi. pafos wminda giorgis saxelo-bis eklesia, jer kidev episkoposis xarisxSi myofma, aw ki axlisa iustin-ianesa da sruliad kviprosis arqie-piskoposma qrisostomosma dauTmo qarTvel mrevls. xolo limasolis wminda mamais saxelobis eklesia war-momadgenlobas limasolis mitro-politma aTanasem gadasca.

taZrebi adgilobrivi eklesiis iurisdiqciaSia. qarTul mxares moni-Webuli aqvs ufleba saqarTvelos ek-lesiis kalendriT (Tavad kvipro-sis eklesia 1924 wlidan axali kal-endars misdevs) swiros da saqarTve-los patriarqi moixsenios. pafosi-

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh

sofio laWyepianiniqozia, kvi prosi

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sa da limasolis eklesiebze ga-formebulia dokumentebi, rom-lis mixedviTac qarTvelebi sanam iqnebian kviprosSi da eyolebaT sasuliero piri, manam eqnebaT am taZrebSi RvTismsaxurebis Cat-arebis ufleba. axladgadmoce-

mul taZarze dokumenti jer kidev formdeba. samive taZar-Si winamZRvari mama zaqariaa. mas mama andria sxilaZe da diakoni daviT maRlaferiZe exmarebian, romlebic misive gazrdilebi ar-ian bavSvobidan.

amJamad samive qalaqSi funq-cionireben eklesiasTan arsebu-li sakvirao skolebi. niqozia-Si es erTi welia Seiqmna saTvis-tomo, romlis Tavmjdomarem, mevlud yaflaniSvilma, usasy-idlod dauTmo oTaxi niqozi-is sakvirao skolas. aqve iqmneba biblioTeka da tardeba qarTu-li cekvis gakveTilebi. skolas

saelCom SeuZina inventari. axlax-an, dedis dResTan da rva martTan dakavSirebiT sasiamovno siurpri-zi moumzades dedebs. bavSvebma da maTma maswavlebelma maia kupra-vam. sakuTari ZalebiT mcire kon-certi moawyves, romelzec cekvac iyo, simRerac, leqsic da Zalian bevri keTili survilic.

2008 wels pafosisa da limaso-lis mocekvaveebma monawileoba mi-iRes TbilisSi gamarTul “Cveneb-urebis” koncertSi, xolo 2007 wels niqoziis sakvirao skolis mowafe ana maRlaferiZe gamovida “ana-banas” konkursze.

Tavisi vizitis dros patriar-qma paraklisi gadaixada Raliis monasterSi moRvawe qarTveli be-rebis sulTa mosaxseneblad. mas Semdeg am wminda adgilas loc-

regenti giorgi frangiSvili, mama zaqatia, konsuli petre kankava

kviprosis qarTul diasporaskidev erTi eklesia gadaeca


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qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

va tradiciad damkvidrda. mama za-qaria did sauflo dResaswaule-bze xSirad aq atarebs wirvebs da TiTqmis yovel kviras ixdis par-aklisebs. SarSan, kviprosze stum-rad myofma oTxma episkoposma: meufe Teodorem, meufe sabam, meufe gerasimem da meufe stefanem (sx-vadasxva dros kviprosSi namyofe-bi arian meufe kalistrate, meufe danieli, meufe sergi, meufe dim-itri, meufe spiridoni) wminda Tam-ar mefis xsenebis dRes, 14 maiss mis mier “Semkobil” Raliis monasterSi gadaixades wirva. mrevlma da qarTv-elma arqeologebma, romlebic im dros iq muSaobdnen, oTxi episkopo-sis mier dayenebuli wirvis mad-li miiRes.

patriarqis imave Rirssaxso-vari vizitis dros adgilobriv xelisuflebasTan molaparake-bis Sedegad Raliis monastris nangrevebze arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Catareba gadawyda. samwuxarod, am ideis ganxor-cielebas wlebi dasWirda. var-debis revoluciis Semdeg, mama zaqaria Sexvda saqarTvelos prezidents baton mixeil saa-kaSvils, romelmac didi inter-esi gamoiCina qarTuli savanis gamokvlevisa da aRorZinebis saqmisadmi.

2005 wlis ianvarSi kviprosis re-spublikis sagareo saqmeTa minis-tr giorgos iakovus saqarTvelo-Si vizitis dros xeli moewera Cvens or qveyanas Soris kulturuli, samecniero da saganmanaTleblo urTierTobebis xelSekrulebas.

2005 wels gaixsna saqarTvelos saelCo kviprosSi. elCma laSa Jvani-am da konsulma petre kankavam didi wvlili Seitanes arqeologiuri gaTxrebis formalu-ri mxaris mogvareba-Si. saqarTvelos kul-turis saministros mier gamogzavnilma arqeologTa jgufma, istoriis mecniere-baTa doqtoris, pro-fesor iulon gago-SiZis xelmZRvanelo-biT 2006 wlis seqtem-bridan dRemde 3 eqs-pedicia Caatara war-matebiT. ama wlis 31 marts kvlav Camovid-nen arqeologebi da grZeldeba gaTxrebi.

axla kvlav zemoT-naxseneb kviradRes davubrundeT da mad-liereba gamovxatoT

im yuradRebisa da mxardaWerisa-Tvis, rasac kviprosis saero da, gan-sakuTrebiT, sasuliero xelisuf-leba iCens maT qveyanas TavSefare-buli qarTvelebisadmi.

wminda pavle mociqulis saxelo-bis es taZari saqarTvelos sapatri-arqos warmomadgenlobas kvipro-sis arqiepiskoposma qrisostomosma sul cota xnis win gadmosca sarge-blobaSi. unda aRiniSnos saqarTve-los saelCos, kerZod ki misi konsu-lis, batoni petres damsaxureba am saqmeSic.

eklesia 1805 wels aaSena kvip-rosis istoriaSi cnobilma pirov-nebam, kviprosis dragomanma 1779-

1809 wlebSi xajiRiorRakis kor-nesiosma (dragomani iyo oficial-uri moxele-mTargmneli osmalur saxelmwifoSi). kornesioss aq didi mamuli hqonda, romelsac saagara-kod iyenebda, raTa Tavisufal dros qalaqisa da saqmeebisagan daesve-na ojaxTan erTad. man didi gavlena moipova rogorc sulTnis karze, ise adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi, ganTq-muli iyo Tavisi simdidriTa da qv-elmoqmedebiT. taZari 1950 wels

gaafarToves, miaSenes gumbaTi da narTika. xolo 1974 wels am raionSi mosaxleobis gazrdasTan dakavSire-biT iqve axali, didi eklesia aaSenes. mcire eklesias mxolod sadag dRee-bSi iyenebdnen. swored es eklesia dagviTmes Cven.

ukve erTi Tvea, rac sapatriar-qos warmomadgenlobis mowveviT kviprosze Camovida galobis regen-ti giorgi frangiSvili. igi samive eklesiis mrevlSi atarebs mecadi-neobebs. saTvistomoSi orkviri-ani daZabuli mecadineobis Semdeg niqozielebi axladgadmocemul ta-ZarSi gadavediT, sadac sul sxvag-varad gaisma Cveni gamoucdeli xme-

bi. eklesias, gumbaTis wyalo-biT, kargi akustika aqvs. mga-loblebisaTvis qandarac ar-is.

mama zaqariam paraskevs locva, xolo SabaTs mwuxri da ciskari erTad Caatara.

kviras axal taZarSi pirve-li wirvis mosasmenad qarTve-lebi kviprosis sxva qalaqe-bidan: larnakidan, limasoli-dan da pafosidanac Camovid-nen. adre, imis gamo, rom mama zaqaria berZnul eklesiaSi msaxurebda, kviraobiT wirvis qarTulad Catarebas ver ax-

erxebda. amdenad, es dRe am mxrivac RirsSesaniSnavi iyo wminda pavle mociqulis eklesiaSi Tavmoyrili qarTvelebisaTvis. samive eklesi-is mgaloblebi erTad ugalobden RmerTs.

wirvisas kviproselebic Semov-idnen taZarSi da, albaT, gaoce-bulebic darCnen maTTvis ucxo en-isa da galobis mosmenisas. wmin-da barnaba mociqulis saxelobis mcire eklesiis mrevli (mama zaqar-

ia rva weli iq msaxu-rebda), SeCveuli iyo qarTvelebs. imedia, am axal garemoSic SevZlebT adgilo-brivi mrevlisa da eklesiis sameurveo sabWos megobrobisa da pativiscemis dam-saxurebas.

pavle mociqulis saxelobis eklesia-Si qarTulad Cat-arebul pirveli msxverplSewirvisas uflis sisxlsa da xorcs bevri bavSvi eziara.

RmerTma amravlos mrevli da gaaZlier-os saqarTvelo.

10 wlis baCuki ZiZigurs gada-udebeli operacia esaWiroeba. mozardi dilataciuri kardio miopaTiiT aris daavadebuli da ukve oTxi Tvea uSedegod mkurnalobs Jvanias saxelobis klinikaSi. germaneli eqimebis diagnoziT aRniSnuli daava-deba eqvemdebareba mkurnalo-

bas, romlis Rirebulebac Sead-gens 15 000 evros. ZiZigurebis ojaxs ki amis saSualeba ara aqvs. ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTve-lebs gulisxmierebisaken mogi-wodebT! 10 wlis baCukis sic-ocxle Tqvens Semweobazea da-mokidebuli! dainteresebis SemTxvevaSi SegiZ-liaT gadaricxoT Tanxa baCukis mamis giorgi ZiZiguris angar-iSze:Citibank N. A. New York, USASWIFT: CITIU33Account with Institution:Bank of Georgia, Swift: BAGAGE223, Pushkin Street, 0105 Tbilisi, GeorgiaBeneficiary: Giorgi DzidziguriAccount: 190818900

niqoziis qarTuli eklesia


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jumber jiSkariani,largo, aSS


ocdaaT welze metia, niu-iorkSi cxovrobs da moRvaweobs SesaniSnavi mxatvari cisana janaSvili. cxrameti wlis iyo, roca misi ojaxi Tbilisi-dan israelSi gaemgzavra; erTi wlis Semdeg ki amerikaSi gadasaxlda.

cisanas mSoblebisagan dahyva Tavisi bavSvobis qalaqisadmi ganu-zomeli siyvaruli da Tayvaniscema. mis namuSevrebSi igrZnoba Rrma sul-ieri gancdebi, bavSvobis qalaqTan ganSorebiT gamowveuli sevdiani mo-tivebi.

cisanas Semoqmedebas Jurnal-gazeTebSi dastambuli reproduq-ciebiT vicnobdi. imdenad sainter-esod meCvena, rom sagangebod Cavedi niu-iorkSi fertiloebis sanaxavad. misi Semoqmedebisa da azrovnebis siRrmiT movixible.

swored maSin vTxove cisanas, moeTxro rogor warimarTa misi cx-ovreba sazRvargareT, gaexsenebina pirveli damoukidebeli nabijebi ucxoeTSi.

– saqarTvelodan israelSi rom Cavedi, aeroportidanve cvatSi gag-vamweses, mxatvrebis egzotikur qalaqSi, radgan mamaCems Tbilisis samxatvro akademia hqonda damTavre-buli, – miTxra man.

sastumro “ulpanSi” dagvabinaves. mzrunvelobas ar gvaklebdnen, magram mainc gagviWirda axal garemosTan, CvenTvis jerac Seucnobel sazoga-doebasTan Segueba. “ulpans” SeiaraR-ebuli jariskacebi icavdnen. qalaqSi xSiri iyo teroristuli aqtebi. ise davizafre, yoveli gasrolili tyvia TiTqos gulze mxvdeboda.

diliT sastumrodan gavdiodi, sadme gorakze Camovjdebodi da dausruleblad gavcqerodi im mx-ares, saiTkenac saqarTvelo megule-boda. iq darCa Cemi bavSvoba, naTesav-ebi, axloblebi, megobrebi… uxmod vtirodi. cremlebi Rvarad mdioda… ase megona, – Tu erT goraks gada-vivlidi, meores, mesames, meoTxes, – bolos aucileblad saqarTveloSi aRmovCndebodi…

saRamos daZabuli, aforiaqebu-li, guldamZimebeli vbrundebodi sastumroSi, erTferovan, usasrulo yoveldRiurobaSi da aravin icoda, ra gveloda dilamde…

mcired Svebas molbertTan vpovebdi xolme. im qaosSi myofma, Cemi sulieri ganwyobilebis gad-mocema vcade, roca sikvdils yovel

wuTs TvalebSi vuyurebdi…swored maSin Sevasrule “ocneba

saqarTveloze”, romelic mamaCems uyvarda. aseve “deda da Svili”, “av-toportreti”, “vedreba”, “SiSi” da sxva.

ojaxuri pirobebis gamo iZule-buli gavxdi meore emigraciaSi wavsuliyavi. amerikaSi rom CavediT, kolorados Statis qalaq denverSi, “sloan” galereaSi swored israelSi Seqmnili namuSevrebi warvadgine. su-raTebi miiRes.

“– gamofenaze dominirebs peiza-Ji, salocavebis ferweruli tiloe-bi, naturmortebi da sulierebiT

savse portretebi.cisana janaSvilis kompoziciebi

melodramatulia. tanjuli, alego-riuli figurebi didostat Jerikos devnilebs magoneben suraTidan “medusas tivi”, – werda kritikosi irina klurmeni.

gaz. “roki maunT nius”, 13 noem-beri, 1981 w. q. denveri

galereis dilerma mina litin-skim Sematyobina, rom Cemi ori su-raTi gaiyida. “avtoportreti” pol kaSs SeuZenia, xolo “deda da Svili” – bil bestons.

* * *irina klurmenis vrcel recen-

ziaSi sul oriode striqoni eZRvneba cisana janaSvilis Semoqmedebas, magram ramdeni ramis mTqmelia es striqonebi! irina klurmens naTelmx-

ilvelis utyuari alRo aRmoaC-nda! man igrZno, raoden tanjvaSi, ra sulier daZabulobaSi iqmnebo-da es tiloebi. gansacvifrebelia, rom kritikosma oci wlis gogonas namuSevrebi didostat Jerikos Se-moqmedebas Seadara!

es udidesi pativi iyo sruliad axalgazrda mxatvrisaTvis! Jeriko romantikuli periodis uCveulo, gansakuTrebuli movlena iyo xelovnebis istoriaSi. napoleonis zeobis Semdgom, Jerikom samxedro Temaze Seasrula tragikuli siu-Jeti – “medusas tivi”; suraTze muSaobis dawyebamde istoriuli masalebi moiZia, Sekriba da Seiswav-la.

irgvliv – usastikesi re-alobaa! Sors, horizontze ki, si-naTle bJutavs…

“– mTeli Cemi Semoqmede-bis gzaze Jerikos es suraTi medga Tvalwin, – wina planze sasikvdilod ganwiruli adami-anebi; Sors, horizontze ki, gadar-Cenis sul mcire imedi, sinaTlis naperwkali… es iyo da aris Cemi STamagonebeli am ulmobel, sastik wuTisofelSi”, – mwers erT-erT baraTSi cisana janaSvili.

CemTvis didi pativi iyo, rom gamofenis gaxsnaze qveynis pirveli ledi mobrZanda; interesiT gaecno namuSevrebs, gulTbilad momesal-ma… mravlad iyvnen Jurnalistebi radiodan, televiziidan, Jurnal-gazeTebidan. swored maSin gavica-ni batoni ivane jafariZe. Jurnal-istebTan mudam sityvaZunwi var, magram batoni vano Cemi sulis iseT simebs Seexo, – amalaparaka. Sem-deg erTsaaTiani radiogadacemis Canaweri amerikaSi gamomigzavna.

“Tbilisi Cemi bedisweraa”cisana janaSvilis Semoqmedeba


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uzomod vmadlob yvelas, vinc im dReebSi Cems mimarT yuradReba gam-oiCina. gazeTebSi dastambul recen-ziebs Tu gamoxmaurebebs, rogorc Zvirfas saCuqrebs, TvalisCiniviT vufrTxildebi, magram is radioga-dacema gansakuTrebiT Zvirfasia CemTvis… rodesac naRveli Semi-pyrobs, magnitofons CavrTav da gadacemas xelaxla vusmen. is ubed-nieresi dReebi kinokadrebiviT cocxldeba Tvalwin da TiTqos, kv-lav Cems TbilisSi var…

* * *cisana janaSvilis Semoqmedebaze

azris gamoTqma vTxove saqarTvelos xelovnebis damsaxurebul moRvawes, satelevizio programa “iluzionis” legendarul wamyvans, baton oTar sefiaSvils, romelic aT welze me-tia, niu-iorkSi cxovrobs da moR-vaweobs.

– cisanas bavSvobidan vicnob, brZana batonma oTarma, – mamamisi, mixeil janaSvili pirveli pro-fesionali mxatvari iyo qarTvel ebraelTa Soris. ubrwyinvalesi portretisti gaxldaT, Tumca sxva JanrSic warmatebiT muSaobda. dRemde maxsovs SoTa rusTav-elisadmi miZRvnili misi trip-tiqi – “sadaursa sad waiyvan”, romelmac sazogadoebis didi mowoneba daimsaxura.

cisanas genetikurad dahyva mamis niWi, Tumca xatvis mamiseu-li manera ki ar gaimeora, aramed sakuTari xelweriTa da Sinagani WvretiT gamoirCeva.

igi mravali gamofenis monaw-ilea. misi namuSevrebi dastam-buli iyo prestiJuli Jurnal-ebis furclebze (“pikaso Cems saxelosnoSi”, “selena”, “luis migelis portreti”, “smiterse-bis portreti” da a.S.)

ukanasknel xans didi gata-cebiT muSaobs grafikuli Ca-naxatebis seriaze. miuxedavad

cxovrebiseuli problemebisa, cis-anam erT weliwadSi Seqmna poetebis, mxatvrebis, mecnierebis, cnobili adamianebis asze meti grafikuli Ca-naxati.

bevri maTgani mniSvnelovani mxatvruli Rirebulebisaa. vTvli, rom es namdvili SemoqmedebiTi gmi-roba iyo. mis namuSevrebSi bevri istoriuli pirovneba gacocxlda. STambeWdavia cisana janaSvilis “fi-rosmanis portreti”, aseve qarTvel ebraelTa Soris pirveli TviTnas-wavli (naivisti) mxatvris Salom ko-boSvilis portreti. es namuSevari mxatvris Semoqmedebisadmi miZRvni-li wigni-albomis (“Salom koboSvi-lis meTerTmete mcneba”, Tbilisi, 2007) garekanze daibeWda.

sainteresoa vaJa – fSavelas, galaktionis, terenti granelis, levan goTuas, gigla xuxaSvilis, giorgi leoniZis, otia ioselianis, jumber leJavas, pirveli qarTveli ebraeli romanistis gercel baa-zovis, didi rabinisa da sazogado moRvawis daviT baazovis por-tretebi.

metad STambeWdavia qarTvelTa saTayvano mefis – Tamaris da is-toriuli pirovnebis, ebraelTa mematianis ioseb flaviusis por-tretebi. es ukanaskneli gazeT “daviTis faris” saiubileo mease nom-ris pirvel gverdze daistamba!

es yovelive marto cisanas sixaruli ro-dia. es Cveni sixaruli-caa, qarTul-ebrauli

kulturis aRiarebaa.Cemi ufrosi megobris, aw

gardacvlili didebuli mxatvris mixeil janaSvilis qaliSvils, cis-anas janmrTelobas da mraval Se-moqmedebiT sixaruls vusurveb, – brZana dasasruls batonma oTar sefiaSvilma.

“– cisana janaSvili metad mrav-alferovani, Tanamedrove krite-riumebiT moazrovne mxatvaria da ebrauli, qarTuli, evropul-amerikuli impulsebiT aris “nakvebi” maRal profesiul doneze. igi Sesani-Snavi portretistia. gansakuTrebiT TvalSi sacemia misi suraTebis fera-dovneba, mdidari koloriti. igi faqizad ganicdis (gangvacdevinebs) sakuTar Tu Tanamedrove adami-anis fsiqologiur, sazogadoebriv Tu yofiT problematikas”, – wers xelovnebaTmcodneobis doqtori, profesori Tamaz sanikiZe.

* * *cisana janaSvils masmediis yu-

radReba arasodes mo-hklebia. recenziebi mis Semoqmedebaze das-tambulia qarTul, ebraul, inglisur, ru-sul, espanur presaSi. mas poetebma leqsebic uZRvnes, magram cisana mudam madlierebiT igonebs irina klur-menis gamoxmaurebas, romelmac rwmena ga-numtkica.

mas Semdeg meoTxed saukuneze meti gavi-da. cisana janaSvili mudmiv SemoqmedebiT ZiebaSia.

miuxedavad cxov-rebis oromtrialisa,

mravali gansacdelisa, yovel-dRiuri saojaxo sazrunavisa, zogjer ki autaneli sulieri da fizikuri tkivilebisa, fun-ji ganze arasodes gadaudevs.

am rwmeniTa da Tavmdabali SromiT Seiqmna samasamde fer-weruli tilo, romlis nawi-li kerZo koleqcionerebis sakuTrebaa (israeli, saqarTve-lo, Sveicaria, aSS); umravleso-bas ki amerikaSi daudevs bina.

mxatvris sulieri ganwyobi-leba, xelovnebisadmi misi erT-guleba kargad gadmosca cno-bilma mweralma da sazogado moRvawem giorgi xuxaSvilma.

gTavazobT sonets, romel-ic batonma giorgim cisana ja-naSvils uZRvna.

* * *molbertTan dgaxar SemarTuli gamTeni-amde,amaRlebula amerika Sens fanjrebidan,caTambrjenad da hudZonis maRal jebirad,cxovreba Seni am gigantur xedebs miande.

farfatebs Tovli atlantikis fanjris minaze,manhetens iqiT mewamuli Cndeba riJraJi,monatrebia sxva ferebi da peizaJiSens STagonebas da liriul, qalur sinazes.

mxatvari mamis aCrdils SoriT esaubrebi,ostatis TvaliT suraTebi rom Segifasos,brZen ainStains, STagonebiT SeZrul pikasos da isev Tbiliss ubrundebi Zveli ubnebiT.

isev acocxlebs mogoneba SenSi mfeTqavi,mtkvarTan Zvel saxlebs, nariyalas, metexs, feTxains.


emigrantTaJurnali

qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

21

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhirma qimeriZe, kiolni, germaniasami Svilis mamas e. w. javSani hqon-

da. mainc wavida meore msoflio omSi moxalised... samSoblos siyvarulma gadaawyvetina. tyved Cavarda. omis damTavrebis Semdeg, rogorc bevri misi tyvednamyofi TanamebrZoli, isic daayenes arCevanis winaSe: an unda dar-Ceniliyo ucxo qveyanaSi, an gacimbire-ba eloda. pirveli arCia im imediT, rom sabWoTa wyoba Seicvleboda da samSo-bloSi dabrundeboda. jer stalinis reJimma SeuSala amaSi xeli, Semdeg ki omis Wrilobebma gauxsena. moRala-ted Seracxulma cxovrebis darCeni-li wlebi ucxoeTSi gaatara. ocnebad hqonda:“iq minda movkvde, vimarxo, iq aris Cemi mamuli”. samwuxarod, ucxo miwaSi daimarxa.

babuaCemi, dimitri qimeriZe, 1942 wels Caeba omSi. 34 wlisam saxlSi coli da sami Svili datova. imedi hqonda, rom omis damTavrebis Semdeg ojaxs daubrundeboda. sad da ra viTarebaSi Cavarda tyved, CvenTvis ucnobia. omis damTavrebis Semdeg 2 weli avstria-Si gaatara, gracSi ganagrZo swavla, sainJinro fakultetze. ucnobia, ro-gor moxvda safrangeTSi an ratom main-cdaminc soSoSi. peJos qarxanaSi daiwyo muSaoba. rogorc SemdgomSi SevityveT, iq Turme 300-mde qarTveli cxovrobda da muSaobda.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSne, mudam sam-SobloSi dabrunebis imediT cocxlobda. manamde ki leq-sebSi aqsovda Tavis gancdebs. samSoblosTan ganSorebis tkivils leqsebSi axSobda. Cemi erTaderTi ganZi Cemi ka-lamiao, werda. werilebs sul vRebulobdiT safrangeTidan. dauzareblad exmianeboda na-Tesavebs, saTiTaod uZRvnida leqsebs. arasodes dauwuwu-nia, rom cxovrebam daCagra da bedma ucxoeTSi gadaisrola. detalebisgan Tavs ikavebda, mxolod mwir cnobebs iZleoda. vicodiT, rom SemoqmedebiT saqmianobas eweoda, rom leqsebs gamoscemda da statiebs aqvey-nebda iqaur qarTul Jurnal-gazeTeb-Si.

25 weli imuSava peJos qarxanaSi. pen-sionerobis asakSi meti dro hqonda da ganagrZobda aqtiur SemoqmedebiT saq-mianobas. sul gamocemuli aqvs sakuTa-ri leqsebis 3 krebuli.

babua Cveni ojaxisa da, saerTod, mTeli Cveni naTesaobis tkivili iyo. yvela ganicdida misi ucxoeTSi yo-fnisa da samSobloSi ardabrunebis tragedias. radgan arcerT maTgans ar SeuZlia misi saflavis da im adgilebis

monaxuleba, sadac is emigraciaSi cxo-vrobda, es misia me vikisre. mogexsene-baT, germania da safrangeTi mezobeli qveynebia da germaniidan gamgzavreba did problemas ar warmoadgens. amito-mac gadavwyviteT me da Cemma meuRlem, Tomas berSaidma, safrangeTis gzas davdgomodiT im imediT, rom winapris saflavsac mivagnebdiT da misi cxovre-bis detalebsac SevityobdiT.

babua 20 wlis win gardaicvala. misi gardacvaleba gvauwya uaxloesma mego-barma, grigol qvarcxavam. batoni gior-gis werilebidan vicodiT, rom dimitri dakrZalu-lia monbeliaris qar-TvelTa ZmaTa sasaflao-ze. safrangeTSi Casvlis meore dResve gavudeqiT monbeliaris gzas. didi dro ar dagvWirvebia qar-TvelTa gvarebis aRmosa-Cenad. 23 qarTveli erT did saflavSia dakrZa-luli. “saqarTvelosTvis TavdadebulTa xsovnas” – pirvelad es sityve-bi momxvda TvalSi. erTi amosunTqviT wavikiTxe iq amotvifruli gvarebi. ai isic. “dimitri qimeriZe” sunTqva Se-mekvra. saocari grZnoba dameufla. sixarulisa da sevdis cremlebi ver Sevikave. anda rogor Seikaveb, roca

ici, rom moxvedi uaxloesi winapris saflavze, romel-sac saqarTveloze ocneba-Si aRmoxda suli. winaswar momzadebuli sityvebis Tq-mac ver movaxerxe. mxolod isRa waviluRluRe, rom 20 wlis Semdeg eRirsa mis STamomavals mis saflavze fexis dadgma.

ramdenime wlis win mSo-bliuri qalaqis, xaSuris miwa vakurTxebine dimi-

tris saxelze. mTel saerTo saflavs movabnie qarTuli miwa, saqarTvelodan wamoRebuli wminda sanTlebi davanTe da Tavi davxare winaparTa saflavebis winaSe.

saqarTvelodan babuas emigraciis droindeli werilebi mqonda Camotani-li. imedi mqonda, rom raRac informa-cias movipovebdi, rac damexmareboda kvalis ZebnaSi. didi veraferi aRmova-Cine. detalebs ar werda. eSinoda, Tavis ojaxs amiT safrTxe ar Seqmnoda. erT baraTze misamarTi iyo miTiTebuli: Rue de Champ, # 19. amitom gadavwyvi-teT, im misamarTze mivsuliyaviT. ai isic. didi saxlia.amxela saxlSi marto rogor icxovrebda? mas xom iq ojaxi ar

hyavda. arada, es misamarTi unda iyos. gaorebulebi davbrundiT ukan.

Cveni Svebulebis damTavrebamde oriode dReRa iyo darCenili. ise rogor unda wavideT aqedan, rom qarTvelTa saTvistomos kvali ver vipovoT?vicodiT, rom soSo-monbe-liaris qarTvelTa saTvistomo arse-bobda. dimitri qimeriZe misi mdivani yofila. amis Sesaxeb Sevityve, roca

guram SaraZis mier daarse-bul emigraciis muzeumSi Cemda moulodnelad karlo inasariZis interviu aRmova-Cine dimitrisTan. es inter-viu radio “TavisuflebaSi” gadacemula. iq ewera, rom babuas Tavisi xeliT mour-Tavs saTvistomos oTaxi, sadac ekida rusTavelis, Tamar mefis, erekle meoris, noe Jordaniasa da sxvaTa su-raTebi. interviuSi saubaria qarTvelTa xSir Sexvedreb-

ze 26 maisis dResaswaulebze, sadac Turme sxvebi sityviT gamodiodnen, dimitri ki Tavis leqsebs kiTxulob-da.

sad ginda ipovo qarTvelTa saTvi-stomo? miuxedavad imisa, rom soSo erTi cicqna qalaqia, mainc gaWirda. internetma “gviRalata”. Cveni erTa-derTi imedi telefonis wigni da qar-Tuli gvarebi iyo. imedis naperwkali. CemTvis erTaderTi nacnobi gvari: qvarcxava. sxva qarTul gvarebsac mi-vageniT. movsinjeT qvarcxavas tele-fonis nomerze. qalis xmam mipasuxa. Cemi franguli Semoifargleba mxo-lod mwiri leqsikiT. amitom yurmili meuRles gadavawode. am madlianma qalbatonma gvacnoba, rom saTvisto-mo dResac arsebobs da mogvca misi Tavmjdomaris, qristian WiraqaZis telefonis nomeri. aqac vcadeT bedi. isev movsinje qarTulad saubari. amaod. arc man icoda qarTuli. Toma-sma SeZlebisdagvarad gaagebina Cveni darekvis mizezi. Cvenda gasaocrad, man gviTxra, rom dimitris arqivi ma-sTan inaxeboda da meore diliTve da-gviTqva dro.

im saRamos mTeli Cveni fiqrebi arqivs dastrialebda. nuTu marTla dimitris arqivzea laparaki? nuTu SesaZlebelia, rom gardacvalebidan oci wlis Semdeg kidev inaxebodes misi piradi nivTebi? netav ra inaxeba iq? erTi-ori suraTi? an leqsi? netav aslebis gadaReba ar SegveZleba? mTe-

dimitri qimeriZe

babuis nakvalevzedimitri qimeriZis 100 wlisTavi


emigrantTaJurnali

22

qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

li Rame ver movisvene.meore diliT gaveSureT miTiTe-

bul misamarTze. mivadeqiT WiraqaZee-bis saxls. diasaxlisma Sin SegvipatiJa da SemosasvlelSi daxvavebul qaRal-debze migviTiTa. Cemi mzera suraTze SeCerda. nacnobi saxe. es xom babua-Cemia? sixarulisgan guli amiCqarda. nuTu es yvelaferi misia? lamis guli amomivardes. aRar vici, xeli ras Seva-vlo. jer “siberisgan” gayviTlebul werilebs Sevexe. saqarTvelodan mo-suli werilebi! pirveli, rac xelSi momxvda, dedaCemis xelnaweria. Semde-gi ki mamidas mier miwerili werili, romelSic pirveli SviliSvilis, anu Cemi dabadebis ambavs atyobinebs. ba-buas yvela werili Seunaxavs!

axla leqsebs wavetane. RmerTo, ramdenia! rveulebis dasta. 40 welia am rveulebSi dateuli: mTeli misi fiqrebi, gancdebi da ocnebebi. TiTq-mis yvelas saTauri aqvs: “naperwkle-bi gulidan”, “daTalxuli xeivani”, “samSoblos”, “cremlebis kona”, “si-Wabukis ocnebani”da a.S. TiToeuli maTgani lamazadaa gaformebuli. d. gareTeli vinRaa? es dimitris xelnaweria. uTuod misi fsevdonimia. fsevdonimic hqonia!

dokumentebis garda yvelaferi qarTul enazea. amitom Tomasi imas aTvalierebs, risi wakiTxvac SeuZlia. ltolvilis sabuTi. qveyanaSi yofnis vada ramdenjermea gagrZelebuli. ese igi, safrangeTis moqalaqeoba ar mi-uRia. qarTvelad darCenila!

am dros Cveni maspinZelic movi-da. miuxedavad imisa, rom ena ar icis, ieri mainc aqvs qarTuli. Tomasi cdi-lobs, saubari warmarTos. “ox, rad ar icis qarTuli?”, guli damwyda Cvens maspinZelze. ramden rames vkiTxavdi. dimitris vicnobdio. samwuxarod, bevrs ve-rafers vityvi, radgan maSin axalgazrda vi-yavio. magram is ki vici, rom Zalian kargi pirovneba iyoo. guls amis gagonebac uxaria. imedi gadamewura, rom kidev mets gavigebdi. da bolos, saubari SeCerda nomer 19-ze. Cvenma maspinZelma dagvidastura, rom ba-bua marTlac im saxlSi cxovrobda sxva qa-rTvelebTan erTad da saTvistomoc iq hqoni-aT. mere ki Senoba gay-idula da qarTvelebi mimofantulan. ese igi, eWvgareSea, rom dimi-tri im saxlSi cxov-robda, romlis winac Cven ramdenime dRis win videqiT.

batonma qristianma mTeli arqivi gadmogviloca. Cvens sixaruls saz-Rvari ar hqonda. aRmovaCineT imaze meti, vidre velodiT. madlierebis grZnobiT Cvens maspinZlebs davemSvi-dobeT. CavTvaleT, rom safrangeTis misia warmatebiT SevasruleT.

erTi suli mqonda, rodis daviwyeb-di am werilebisa da leqsebis kiTxvas. pirvel rigSi interesis sferos war-moadgenda ara saqarTvelodan, aramed dasavleTidan gagzavnili werile-bi, rom babuas cxovrebis detalebi gamego. maTi saSualebiT Sevityve, rom mimowera hqonia emigraciis korifee-bTan: viqtor nozaZesTan, kalistrate saliasTan, revaz gabaSvilTan, karlo inasariZesTan, grigol urataZesTan, givi kobaxiZesTan. erT-erTi werili-dan irkveva, rom grigol robaqiZes

waukiTxavs misi leqsebi, Zalian mos-wonebia da dimitris gacnobac sdome-bia. gaicnes Tu ara erTmaneTi, es ukve aRar Cans.

sixarulisa da sevdis cremlebs ver vikavebdi. vkiTxulobdi da siamay-iT vivsebodi, rom dimitris rogorc piradi, ise SemoqmedebiTi kontaqti hqonia aseT gamoCenil adamianebTan.

rogorc Cans, saTvisto-mos saxeliTac awarmoe-bda maTTan mimoweras. aseve TanamSromlobda emigrantul gazeTebTan “kavkasioni”, “bedi qar-Tlisa”, “iveria” da sxva.

elizbar mayaSvilis werilSi, romelic 1968 wliT aris daTariRebu-li, weria: “Cemo dimitri, Zalian kargi da niWieri leqsebi gaqvs. naweri Tavisufali, lamazi da martivi qarTuli eniT, grZnobiT, saqarTvelos istoriis codniT, Sena-rCunebuli didi ilias, akakis da sxvaTa eniT. enas, romelsac verc erTi Tanamedrove da nawvalebi, viTom futu-ristuli ena ver Seed-reba. naweri aris lamazi riTmiT, yvelas Tavisi lamazi riTma aqvs: pirve-

li da mesame taepi, meore da meoTxe ar aris nawvalebi. etyoba yvela nawarmoe-bs, rom erTi kalmis mosmiT aris dawer-ili. es aris namdvili mgosnis muza”.

axla saqarTvelodan mosul weri-lebsac gadavxede. ZiriTadad bebias werilebia. TiTqmis yvela maTganSi me-ordeba erTi da igive SekiTxva: “rodis Camoxval?” da vedreba: “Camodi”. bebia yovelTvis eloda mis dabrunebas. iseve rogorc ojaxis yvela wevri da naTesa-vi. ra mtkivneuli unda yofiliyo dimi-trisTvis am werilebis wakiTxva. maTi gacnoba xom ucremlod SeuZlebelia. veflobi ra am grZnobaTa morevSi, vc-dilob, babuas vnebaTaRelva gavigo. vin icis, ra cecxli trialebda mis gulSi. iqneb Tavs idanaSaulebda kidec imis gamo, rom coli da sami Svili datova, wavida samSoblos dasacavad, romelmac

Semdeg moRalated Seracxa da ukan aRar miiRo. amitomac iyo albaT, rom mudmivad ekiTxeboda sakuTar Tavs:

”ram gadmomagdo, ras veZebam ucxo qveyanaSia?vin amikrZala sicocxle sakuTar mTa da barSia”.col-Svils da naTesaobas mowyve-

tili ucxo miwaze cxovrebas da usam-Sobloobas Zalian ganicdida. amis araCveulebrivi dasturia misi leq-sebi, gansakuTrebiT ki “ltolvili”:

”ubeduri var, uiRblo, qveynad ltolvili,

ZaliT codvili, dawixluli da Caqolili,

ara maqvs Zili, arc deda myavs, aRarc col-Svili,

cremleb daRvrili, cxovrebisgan nakicx-aRgvili”.

dimitri qimeriZis poeziis dauS-reteli wyaroa samSoblo. is umReris mis warsul didebas, dakargul awmyos, imedian momavals, mis udides Svilebs: SoTas, ilias, akakis, vaJas, galaktions, ticians, mixeil javaxiSvils da sxvebs.

dimitris pirveli krebulis “na-perwklebi gulidan” winasityvaobaSi petre sarjvelaZem dawera Semdegi: “TiTqmis Semoqmedebis yvela nayof-Si samSoblos bedsa Tu ubedobaze, mis tragikul movlenaTa mZafri feTqvaa, rac mkiTxvelis guls aRelvebs, ato-kebs da afiqrebs... Cveni poeti ar Cemu-lobs novatorobas, arc itacebs poezia poeziisaTvis, aramed poezia samSoblos samsaxurSi. misi leqsTa wyobis ganla-geba enaTesaveba klasikur poezias. igi sadaa da xalxuri mSobliuri wminda grZnobisa da misi siyvarulis asamaR-leblad da sadideblad”.

damZimebuli guliT davamTavre we-rilebis kiTxva. 40-mde rveulSi da Ta-baxis furclebze moTavsebuli leqse-bis damuSavebas ki didxans movundebi. maTi gamocema ukve Cveni Semdegi misi-aa...

2008 wels dimitri qimeriZes 100 weli Seusruldeboda...

imedi da rwmena

mTavaria cxovrebaSiimedi da rwmena,brZola TavisuflebisTvis,ara cremlis dena.

megobrobis ganmtkiceba,arasodes wyena.erToba da siyvaruli,ara Suri, kbena.

momavalze ocnebebi;WirSi wrToba, Tmena,Sroma keTili saqmisTvis,mSvidoba da lxena.

gwamdes Seni ubedurieri, deda-ena,misi bedis gzis Zebnada mfarveli zena.

isev medgrad, Seupovrad,winsvla, aRmafrena.mTavaria cxovrebaSiimedi da rwmena.

d. qimeriZe, soSo, 26.05.78

qarTvelTa sasaflao soSoSi


emigrantTaJurnali

emigraciis istoria

23

ivane jafariZe, TbilisierTi weli Sesrulda, rac am wuTisofels valmoxdili ganerida Cveni saxelovani Tanamemamule, amerikaSi moRvawe cnobili mecnieri – medievisti, arqeologi, xelovnebaTm-codne, tao-klarjeTisa da Savi mTis qarTvelTa koloniis ubadlo mkvlevari, los-anJelesis universitetis departa-mentis gamge, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis akademiko-si, saqarTvelos saistorio sazogadoebis sapatio wevri, ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-sitetis sapatio doqtori, profesori vaxtang jobaZe.

vaxtang jobaZe qarTvel mecnierTa im pleadas miekuT-vneboda, vinc Tbilisis universitetis sruli kursi didi ivane javaxiSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT gaiara.

igi daibada TbilisSi, 1917 wlis 18 marts. 1935 wels skola daamTavra. 1940 wels – Tsu filologiis fakulte-ti. aspiranturaSi giorgi CubinaSvilTan moxvda, muSaobda sakandidato disertaciaze: “samcxis aTabagebis portret-uli gamosaxulebebi safarasa da WuleSi” da TiTqos gamoi-kveTa misi momavali moRvaweobis konturebi, magram meore msoflio omma Zirfesvianad Secvala v. jo-baZis Semdgomi cxovreba.

marTalia, mas, rogorc universitetis aspirants, “javSani hqonda” da frontze gawveva ar exeboda, magram sruliad ymawvi-li moxalised wavida omSi, tyved Cavarda da tyveobis jojoxeTic gamoiara. marTalia cocxali gadarCa, magram icoda ra, samSob-loSi dabrunebuls daxvreta an gadasaxle-ba ar ascdeboda, iZulebuli gaxda ucxoeT-Si darCeniliyo da cxovrebis 60 welze meti saqarTvelos gareT gaatara.

ucxoeTis cis qveS uTvistomod dar-Cenilma, didi tanjviTa da wvalebiT moax-erxa eswavla giotingenis, fraiburgis, er-langenisa da sorbonis universitetebSi, sadac misi leqtorebi iyvnen msoflioSi cnobili mecnierebi – egzistencializmis udidesi warmomadgeneli, filsofosi karl iaspersi, arqeologi alfons Snaideri (no-qalaqevis pirveli gaTxrebis xelmZRvaneli 1930-31 wlebSi) da cnobili andre grabari. 1949 wels v. jo-baZe filosofiis doqtori gaxda qarTuli oqromWedlobis unikalur nimuSze – xaxulis xatze daculi disertaci-isaTvis. wlebis ganmavlobaSi, v. jobaZe muSaobda evropis qveynebis siZveleTsacavebSi, sadac ikvlevda iq gafantul qarTul Zeglebs.

1953 w. v. jobaZe aSS-Si dasaxlda. muSaobda harvard-is, iutisa da los-anJelesis universitetebSi, sadac xe-lovnebis istoriis departaments ganagebda. igi ucxoeTSi moRvawe erTaderTi mkvlevari iyo, romelmac mTeli Tavisi cxovreba qarTuli xelovnebis istoriis Seswavlas miuZ-Rvna.

man didxans imuSava tao-klarjeTis, antioqiisa da kviprosis qarTul Zeglebze, raSic ganuzomeli iyo misi meuRlis, filosofiis doqtoris, safrangeTis, inglisisa da espaneTis Tanamedrove literaturis specialistis irine biberis Rvawli, romelmac sakuTari 6-sarTuliani saxli germaniaSi, Tavis maRaziebiT, gayida da aRebuli TanxiT, TiTqmis meoTxedi saukune amuSava nostalgiamoZa-lebuli meuRle tao-klarjeTis qarTul Zeglebze.

batonma vaxtangma istoriuli tao-klarjeTis qarTu-li xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebis gamovlenasa da Seswavlas Sealia mTeli Tavisi energia.

antioqiaSi 13 qarTuli monasteri moiZia, gaTxara mx-

olod sami, maTgan ori – wminda svimeon sakvirvelmoqmedis savane da wminda barlaamis monasteri – adreqristianuli xanisa. ufro gviandeli periodisaa Savi jvris unikaluri qarTuli taZari “Zeli cxovrebis”, igive jvris monasteri. mecnierma moaxdina am iSviaTi Zeglis lokalizeba, moce-muli epoqisaTvis niSneuli sivrciTi formebisa da xu-roTmoZRvruli skulpturis saSualebiT, daasabuTa qarT-vel kiriTxuroTa da adgilobriv ostatTagan misi agebis TariRi – 1040 weli. naTelyo, rom qarTvel ostatTa xelo-bis kvali sxva monastrebsac Warbad atyvia.

TiTqmis meoTxedi saukune Sealia batonma vaxtangma istoriuli tao-klarjeTis qarTuli xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebisa gamovlenasa da Seswavlas. am mizniT xanmokle Tu xangrZlivi SemoqmedebiTi mivlinebiT araerTxel imog-zaura TurqeTSi. mas aq grigol xanZTelis mier VIII saukunis miwurulsa da IX saukunis pirvel naxevarSi agebuli da amo-

qmedebuli yvela monasteri ainteresebda. didi iyo misi daintereseba daviT kurapala-tis dros X saukunis Suaxansa da XI saukunis dasawyisSi agebuli monastrebiTac. araerT-gzis moiara artanuji, enirabatis eklesia, romelic misi fiqriT SesaZloa Satberdi iyos, agreTve borCxisa da imerxevis qarTu-li dasaxlebani. samwuxarod, rig mizezTa gamo, aq arqeologiuri kvlevebis Catareba v. jobaZem ver SeZlo. arada, iq unikalur ZeglTa saqarTveloa.

tao-klarjeTSi dRemde metnaklebi mx-atvruli da istoriuli Rirebulebis mqone 300-mde qarTuli Zeglia SemorCenili da maTi erTi nawili ukve dangrevis pirasaa mi-suli. “ukeTes” yofaSia dolisyana, xaxuli, parxali, romlebic ukve meCeTebad gadaaq-cies. uWirs samkonqiani didi sakaTedro taZ-ris SesaniSnav modelad miCneul oSks. uWirs maTTan qarTuli guliT misul Wirisufal-sac, miT ufro, ase xSirad mimsvlels da, vin

icis, iqneb gulsac ki uRalatia misTvis, col-Svilisagan wamoyolili uzarmazari siTbo da gageba rom ara. rom ara maTi didi TanagrZnoba da siyvaruli maTTvis iqneb jerac bolomde gamoucnobi saqarTvelosadmi, misi bedisadmi.

1973 wels v. jobaZem oSkis taZris samxreT-dasavleT gumbaTqveSa burjis aRmosavleT mxares Casmul filaze aRmoaCina bagrat IV erisTavT-erisTavisa da daviT III mag-istrosis (SemdgomSi daviT didi kuropalatis) gamosax-ulebani, romelTa arseboba manamde arcerT mkvlevars ar aRuniSnavs.

vaxtang jobaZem TiTqmis mTeli cxovreba ucxoeTSi ar-sebuli qarTuli xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebis gamovlenas da Seswavlas Sealia da misTvis mudmivi Tayvaniscemis obieqti misi didi maswavlebeli ivane javaxiSvili iyo.

isic niSandoblivi da simboluria, rom ukanasknelad saqarTveloSi b-ni vaxtangi amerikidan swored ivane javax-iSvilis dabadebis 120 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnil samecniero sesiaze Camovida moxsenebis wasakiTxad. bednierad vTvli Tavs, rom misi SemoTavazebiT movaxerxe intervius Cawera, sadac igi Tavis maswavlebels – ivane javaxiSvils ixsenebs. (es Canaweri amJamad sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis radios “oqros fondSi” inaxeba).

vaxtang jobaZis TxemiT terfamde qarTveloba aramar-to ucxoeTSi arsebul qarTul Zeglebze mravalwlian msax-

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh

vaxtang jobaZeucxoeTSi moRvawe didi mecnieri da mamuliSvili


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emigraciis istoria

urebasa da tao-klarjeTis qarTuli monastrebis ber-mon-azonTa mudmiv SemweobaSi ikveTeboda, aramed igrZnoboda sul mcire niuansebSic. Tundac misi qal-vaJis qarTul sax-elebSi (eTeri da oTari), an im gaucnobierebel sijiuteSi, romliTac igi Tavis meuRles, germanel qals “qarTulad” irines eZaxda da im lamaz, wminda qarTulSic, romliTac igi mesaubreboda Cveni Sexvedris dros.

vaxtang jobaZes – msoflioSi aRiarebul, evropuli da aRmosavluri enebis mcodne mecniers – arcerTi dRe ar ucxovria saqarTvelos gareSe, Tavisi qveynisadmi usaz-Rvro siyvaruls saqarTvelos gareT mdebare qarTuli kulturis Zeglebis SeswavliTa da kvleviT ivsebda. mis SromebSi qarTveli kacis siamaye da wuxili warmoCindeba upirveles yovlisa.

los-anjelesSi, holivudis mezoblad, qalaqis yvelaze prestiJul ubanSi, mTis kalTaze SeyuJul ulamazes kar-midamoSi, romelic maRalmTiani imereTis peizaJs mogag-onebT, cxovrobda Tavisi qveynis siyvaruliT damaSvrali qarTveli mecnieri, romelsac SarSan, 18 marts 90 weli unda Sesruldeboda. am TariRis misalocad da aRsaniSnavad vemzadebodiT, magram erTi TviT adre samwuxaro cnoba mivi-ReT Soreuli amerikidan.

anderZis Tanaxmad, b-ni vaxtang jo-baZis ferfli misma qaliSvilma – eTer-ma saqarTveloSi Camoasvena da kukiis sasaflaoze, mSoblebis gverdiT miabara mSobliur miwas.

saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qis, uwmindesisa da unetaresis, ilia II-is locva-kurTxeviT, samebis sakaTedro taZarSi panaSvidi gadauxades da pativi miages samSoblosaTvis damaSvral did mecniers.

ganuzomelia vaxtang jobaZis Rvawli da damsaxureba saqarTvelos farglebs gareT arsebuli qarTuli Zeglebis kvlevis saqmeSi. Cven ki arasodes dagvaviwydeba didi mecn-ieri da SesaniSnavi pirovneba, romelmac mkafio magaliTi mogvca samSoblos ganuzomeli siyvarulisa.

mkvlevaris gardacvalebidan erTi wlis Semdeg, didi mamuliSvilisadmi gamosaTxovrad aRiqmeba vaxtang jo-baZis sulieri megobrebis, gamoCenil qarTvel mecnierTa sxvadasxva dros gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi da werilebi, romelTa mcire nawils vTavazobT Jurnal “Tanamemamule s” mkiTxvels.

andria afaqiZe: “didia qarTvel istorikosTa, kerZod, qarTveli xalxis interesi vaxtang jobaZis mravalmxrivi mamuliSviluri moRvaweobisadmi, im samecniero mimar-Tulebebisadmi, romlebic qarTvelTmcodneobas ase mw-vaved aklda ukanasknel xanebamde.

ucxoeTSi moRvawe qarTveli istorikosisa da arqeol-ogis didad dasafasebelma mecnierulma erudiciam, tao-klarjeTis qarTuli miwisa da Savi mTis qarTvelTa isto-riis ubadlo arqeologiurma, xelovnebaTmcodneobiTma da saistorio gamokvlevebma, romlebic Sejamebulia 1976 da 1986 wlebSi avtoris mier gamoqveynebul fundamentur naSromebSi, sruliad axali furceli gadaSala “qarTveli erisa da qarTuli civilizaciis istoriaSi”.

elene metreveli: “Tavidanve mZime bedi dahyva Savi mTis qarTvelTa kolonias Tavisi literaturuli skoliT da xelnawerebiT. mTavari mizezi amisa is iyo, rom man adreve Sewyvita Tavisi arseboba. aoxrda eklesia-monastrebi, gaib-na iq Seqmnili qarTuli xelnawerebi. dRes qarTuli ekle-sia-monastrebi (da ara marto qarTuli) nangrevebad aris qceuli. Savi mTa ukve VI saukunidan izidavda qarTvelebs. X-XI saukuneebSi Sav mTaze Seiqmna qarTuli mwignobrobis, mecnieruli azrovnebis Zlieri centri, romelmac ganagrZo aTonis samwerlobo keris tradiciebi. aq moRvaweobdnen giorgi Seyenebuli, giorgi mTawmindeli, efrem mcire, arsen iyalToeli da maTi Tanamoazreebi.

qarTuli mwerlobis es regioni mouxilavi da Seuswav-leli darCaT gamoCenil mecnierebs: aleqsandre cagarels, niko mars, ivane javaxiSvils da robert bleiks. arada isto-riuli raionia, Tavisi mdidari warsuliT da kulturiT, didi xania, evropis orientalistTa cxoveli interesisa da kvlevis sagania. swored amitom didad dasafasebelia, rom cnobilma qarTvelma mecnierma, los-anjelesis univer-sitetis profesorma – arqeologma da xelovnebaTmcod-nem, vaxtang jobaZem, Tavisi mecnieruli kvlevis obieqtad Savi mTis qarTvelTa koloniis istoria gaixada da am saqmis bolomde misayvanad Tavi ar dauzogavs.

antioqiis qarTvelTa monastrebis Seswavlis Sedege-bi, v. jobaZem 2 wignad gamoaqveyna. pirveli wignis meoTxe TavSi avtori saTiTaod ikvlevs X-XI saukuneebSi antio-qiis sanaxebSi arsebul 14 qarTul savanes. ganxilvas iwyebs svimeon mesvetis (umcrosis) monastriT, romlis teritori-aze qarTuli eklesia arsebobda. mkvlevari aqve exeba giorgi Seyenebulis senaks, romelic wyaroebis cnobiT, svimeonis monastris maxloblad mdebareobda. monastris Semogarenis

Seswavlisas, v. jobaZem svimeonis mon-astris maxloblad, miudgomeli kldis ferdobze miagno senaks, romelic, misi azriT, giorgi Seyenebulis samyofeli unda yofiliyo.

didi da saintereso samuSao Caatara v. jobaZem ksiosis mTaze barlaamis mon-astris SeswavlisaTvis. qarTuli weri-lobiTi wyaroebis da monastris adgil-ze Seswavlisas gamovlenili qarTuli warwerebis ornamentebis da arqiteqtu-ruli skulpturebis safuZvelze, v. jo-baZem ueWvo gaxada, rom X saukunis dam-

levidan XIII saukunemde barlaamis monasteri qarTvelebis sakuTreba yofila.

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania v. jobaZis mier Catare-buli kvleva-Zieba “Zeli cxovrebis” eklesiis SeswavlisaT-vis. arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Sedegad mopovebuli masale-bi ueWvod adasturebs, rom es Zegli qarTulia, XI saukuneSi qarTveli xuros mier aSenebuli. “Zeli cxovrebis” saxiT v. jobaZem qarTul xuroTmoZRvrebas Semata XI saukunis pirveli naxevris kidev erTi brwyinvale Zegli”.

v.jobaZis werili das – Tina jobaZes: “siberis miuxedavad kidev vemsaxurebi Cem samSoblos: germanul enaze davwere sa-Sualo saukuneebis qarTuli xuroTmoZRvrebis Zeglebis kat-alogi bibliografiiTurT, davurTe naxazebi da 50 suraT-ic. gamovfine germaniis universitetebSi, rom germanelebma saqarTvelos dadebiTi mxarec dainaxon. vapireb am gamofenis mowyobas evropis sxva qveynebSic. 1999 wels, avstriaSi Sedge-ba simpoziumi “qristianobis gavrceleba kavkasiaSi”, sadac wavikiTxav moxsenebas da moewyoba gamofena “saSualo sauku-neebis qarTuli xuroTmoZRvrebis Zeglebis Sesaxeb”.

nino xaraziSvili: “mas arcerTi dRe ar ucxovria usaqa-rTvelod. qarTuli xelovnebis siZveleebTan mudmivi Sexe-ba uamebda Sors darCenili mamulis sevdas. aman gaaZlebina, amaze ufro ki rwmenam, rom swored misi aq moRvaweoba da Sroma sWirdeboda yvelaze metad mis saqarTvelos... imTa-viTve gaixlarTa bedis labirinTebSi da iqneb gangebamac ineba ase, mTels msoflioSi aRiarebuli mecnieri samSob-losaTvis, misi farTo sazogadoebriobisaTvis aTeuli wlebis manZilze ucnobi rom darCa.

studentobisas vinmes rom ewinaswarmetyvela, ucxoeT-Si mogiwevs dafuZnebac da moRvaweobaco, arafriT dai-jerebda. masac, rogorc yvela qarTvels, Tavisi sadauroba Zvlamde hqonda gamjdari. xelovneba adridanve itacebda – ukravda violinoze, mamis skulpturuli portretic os-taturad gamouZerwavs cvilisagan. kargadac xatavda... Ta-viseburad natrobda mTels dedamiwaze mimofantuli Cveni materialuri kulturis Zeglebis moxilvas. ai, es natvra ki namdvilad auxda umZimes fasad”.


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giorgi mamulia, parizi, safrangeTi

ase spobdnen qarTveli eris sulierebas

54545454545454545454

xalxs soflaT mouspes wirva-locvis mosmenis, ziare-bis saSualeba. nebas ar aZleven saeklesio wesiT dakrZa-lon micvalebulni, monaTlon bavSvebi, iqorwinon. ekle-siebi daangries. zogi balaganebaT da klubebaT aqcies... gaaupatiures qarTveli wmindanebis saflavebi. saqar-TvelosaTvis wamebuli daviT da konstantines saflavebi amoyares da samasxroT daatareben.

kote andronikaSvili, dam-komis Tavmjdomare 1923-24 w.

gvsurs mkiTxvels gavacnoT metad sayuradRebo istoriu-li dokumenti. mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs saidumlo werili, rome-lic 1923 wlis 4 agvistos gaugzavna parizSi gaxiznul ero-vnul mTavrobas saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetis (damkomis) Tavmjdomarem konstantine (kote) andronikaSvil-ma. rogorc viciT, 1922 wlis dasawyisSi Seqmnili damoukide-blobis komiteti warmoadgenda im mTavar organos, romelic okupirebul saqarTveloSi 1924 wlis seqtembramde xelmZR-vanelobda da saerTo koordinacias uwevda antibolSevikuri winaaRmdegobis moZraobas. garda amisa, komitetis funqcieb-Si Sedioda qveyanaSi arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb infor-maciis miwodeba safrangeTSi myofi saqarTvelos kanonieri mTavrobisaTvis, raTa mas, SeZlebisdagvarad, mieqcia dasa-vleTis qveynebis yuradReba saqarTvelos problemisadmi.

swored am mizans emsaxureboda winamdebare werilic, romlis asli aRmovaCineT saqarTvelos demokratiuli res-publikis saarqivo masalebze muSaobis dros1. dokumentis teqsti qveyndeba ucvlelad. teqsts Tan vurTavT istoriuli xasiaTis mcire komentarebs.

saqarTvelos mTavrobas 4 agvisto, 1923 w. (miRebulia 29 agvistos)

friad did represiebs awarmoeben saq[arTvelos] ekle-siis winaaRmdeg. faqtiurad gaauqmes eklesiis umaRlesi mmarTveloba. kaTalikozi ambrosi, mitropoliti nazari, sa-kaTalikozo sabWos yvela wevrebi da didZali samRvdeloeba datusaRebuli arian. (kaTalikozi saxlSia damwyvdeuli). ka-Talikozi da umaRlesi saeklesio dawesebulebani gandevnes Tavis binebidan. karis eklesias klubaT akeTeben. ZaliT da-ketes yvela qarTuli monastrebi: gelaTis, bodbis da sxva da 1500 eklesia, maT Soris provinciidan TiTqmis yvela eklesia. xalxs soflaT mouspes wirva-locvis mosmenis, ziarebis sa-Sualeba. nebas ar aZleven saeklesio wesiT dakrZalon micva-lebulni, monaTlon bavSvebi, iqorwinon. eklesiebi daangries. zogi balaganebaT da klubebaT aqcies. vinc eklesias gamoe-sarCla, yvelas apatimreben, scemen, awameben. TbilisSi jer ar dauketiaT qarTuli eklesiebi, magram komsomolistebi aqac SeiWrnen mRvdelTmsaxurobis dros eklesiebSi. mRvdlebs Tavs esxmian, umarTaven skandalebs, masxaraT igdeben saloca-vebs da sxv. gaaupatiures qarTveli wmindanebis saflavebi. sa-qarTvelosaTvis wamebuli daviT da konstantines saflavebi amoyares da samasxroT daatareben. mRvdlebi zogi daiWires, zogic ZaliT gaparses, zogic Cekam aiZula mimxroboda ruse-Tis cxovel (Jivaia) eklesias, romelsac ruseTis Ceka ZaliT uerTebs qarTul eklesias da amgvaraT auqmebs saqarTvelos avtokefalias2. ruseTi saeklesio represiebs awarmoebs gan-

�. Bibliothèque de documentation internationale contemporaine (BDIC, Nanterre), Microfilms des archives du gouvernement géorgien. Mfm 88�. Bobine �3�. �. rogorc cnobilia, 1922 wlis april-maisis genuis saerTaSoriso konferencias sagangebo weriliT mimarTa saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqma ambrosim (xelaiam). xsenebul werilSi qarTuli ekle-siis mamamTavari mouwodebda civilizebul msoflios xma aRemaRla wiTeli ruseTis mier saqarTvelos aneqsiisa da qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli sisxliani represiebis winaaRmdeg.

sakuTrebiT saqarTveloSi da mxolod qarTul[i] eklesiis winaaRmdeg. TviT ruseTSi, aderbeijansa da somxeTSi ar aqvs adgili msgavs movlenebs. agreTve TviT saqarTveloSi ar sdevnian mahmadianTa da somex-grigorianTa an kaTolikur eklesiebs3. damkomi sTxovs mTavrobas mimarTos [ucxoeTis] mTavrobebs da gansakuTrebiT kenterberis arqiepiskoposs, romis paps da stambolis patriarqs. sakaTalikozo sabWo Ta-vis warmomadgenlobas andobs rafiel ivanickis.

zakCeka aiZulebs politikur[i] partiebis wevrebs xeli moaweron gancxadebaze, romelSiac isini gmoben TavianT partiis muSaobas. aseve ZaliT iwveven partiis wevrTa kon-ferenciebs, romelSiac oficialuraT aSlevineben partias. im SemTxvevaSi, roca esa Tu is piri ar Tanxmdebian Cekas wi-nadadebis Sesrulebas, maT iTxoven samsaxuridan, svamen Ce-kaSi, awameben da xvreten. miaqcieT yuradReba am garemoebas,

vinaidan ruseTi mas gamoiyenebs Tavis miznebisaTvis da Seecdeba ucxoeTis SecdomaSi Seyvanas.

7 ianvris Cavardnam dagva-zarala, mara axla mdgomareoba aRdgenilia4.

dRemdis miviReT TerTmeti aTas rvaasi lira. ar gadmoucia jayels ori aTasi. vgoneb, kidev gadmogzavnilia Svidi aTasi. es aris da es.

pirvelaT Cven gviTxres, rom TviuraT sami, xolo Semdeg xuT aTasamde miiRebTo. ar viciT, aq vin cdeba. Tu es asea, maSin zomebi unda iqnes miRebuli, rom droze iqnas yovelive. CagvayeneT am

mxriv garkveul mdgomareobaSi. Tqven iciT aqauri pirobebi da iciT, Tu ra didia am sagnis saWiroeba.

Cvenamde xmam moaRwia, TiTqos Tqven lozanis konferen-ciis dros CiCerinTan molaparakeba gqonodeT. Cven gadmo-gvces Tqvengan, rom es marTali ar aris. Cvenc vfiqrobT, rom es SeuZlebeli iyo da Tu oficialuraT dagvidasturebT, Zlier moxaruli viqnebiT. Tqma ar unda, rom msgavsi nabije-bis winaaRmdegni varT. Cven savsebiT viziarebT Tqvens ukanas-knel werilSi gamoTqmul azrebsa da taqtikas da vfiqrobT, rom sapasuxismgeblo momentSi Cven aq mzad viqnebiT, mxolod maqedanac iyos daxmareba.

ioseb gobeCia gaaxeliT maq im mizniT, rom gascnoboda Tqvens muSaobas, gaecno TqvenTvis saqarTveloSi Seqmnili mdgomareoba, gamoerkvia fulis sakiTxi da Semdeg yovelive amaze CvenTvis moxseneba gaekeTebia. amiT ganisazRvreboda misi misia. es sul cota xanSi SeiZleba mogvarebuliyo. mas winadadeba eZleva wamovides saqarTveloSi da Seasrulos is, rac unda Seesrulebia. Tu amas ar moisurvebs, an amis gan-xorcieleba misTvis SeuZlebeli iqneba, am SemTxvevaSi Cveni misdami miyenebuli mindobilobani da uflebebi gauqmebulaT CaiTvlebian. gTxovT es mas gadasceT. miviReT Tqvengan mowo-deba da ganmartebiTi baraTi.

megobruli salamiT, damkomi.

amis Semdeg bolSevikebma gaaZlieres represiebi saqarTveloSi, raTa xalxSi sabolood gaetexaT antikomunisturi winaaRmdegoba. swored es ambebi aris aRwerili Cvens mier gamoqveynebul doku-mentSi. �. mxolod 1922 wels, ssrk-Si bolSevikTa mier daxvretil iqna 8.100 saeklisio piri. amave dros, marTlmadideblur eklesiebTan erTad, udidesi represiebi gadaxdaT Tavs kaTolikuri eklesiis warmo-madgenlebsac. �. igulisxmeba Cekas mier damoukideblobis komitetis erT-erTi xelmZRvanelis, – gogita faRavas dapatimreba.


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publicistika

samecniero literaturasa Tu sain-formacio qselSi svanebs, megrelebs, aWarlebs da mesxebs xSirad araqarTve-lebad moixsenieben.

warmogidgenT ramdenime faqts:1. 2000 wels parizSi gamocemul at-

lasSi “safrangeTi da samyaro” (La Fran-ce et le Monde, Atlas) rukaze sxvadasxva feriT, da eTnikuri dasaxelebiT arian warmodgenili: qarTvelebi, afxazebi, megrelebi, aWarlebi, svanebi da osebi.

2. “evropis enebis centris” grifiT 2002 wels espaneTSi gamoqveynebul wignSi “Europe of the Peoples” sxvadasx-va droSiT da eTnikuri dasaxelebiT arian warmodgenili: qarTvelebi, afxa-zebi, megrelebi, svanebi da osebi.

3. msoflio globaluri qselis Zi-riTadi eTnologiuri enciklopediis (The Ethnologue report for Georgia http://www.ethnologue.com) mixedviT (2008 wlis mdgomareobiT), saqarTveloSi cxovroben Semdegi eTnosebi/xalxebi: azerbaijanlebi – 308 000,asirielebi (aisorebi) – 3 000, afxazebi – 101 000, bacbebi – 3 420, berZnebi – 38 000, lazebi – 2 000, megrelebi – 500 000, osebi – 100 000, rusebi – 372 000, svanebi (samwerlobo enad iyeneben qar-Tuls da rusuls) – 15 000,somxebi – 448 000, urumebi (musulmani berZnebi) – 97 746, qarTvelebi (imerlebi, raWa-leCxum-lebi, gurulebi, aWarlebi, imerxevleb-qarTlelebi (Imerxev Kartlian), kaxelebi, ingiloebi, TuSebi, moxeveebi, xevsure-bi, fSavlebi, mTiulebi, fereidnelebi, mesxeb-javaxebi) – 3 901 380, qarTveli ebraelebi – 20 000, qurTebi – 40 000 da sxv.

4. qarTvelTa erTi nawili (megrele-bi, lazebi, svanebi) araqarTvelebadaa gamocxadebuli msoflios virtualu-ri istoriis gverdze. aziis ganyofi-lebaSi arsebul saqarTvelos vebgver-dze gamoqveynebulia saqarTveloSi mcxovreb „eTnikur umciresobaTa“ gan-saxlebis rukac.

rukas darTuli ganmartebebis mi-xedviT, saqarTveloSi umciresobebis enebad miiCneva: 1. CeCnuri; 2. wova-Tu-Suri; 3. xunZaxuri; 4. uduri; 5. azer-baijanuli; 6. somxuri; 7. lazuri anu Wanuri; 8. megruli; 9. afxazuri; 10. svanuri; 11. osuri.

aqve aRvniSnavT, rom am rukaze av-

profesori tariel futkaraZe, quTaisi54545454545454

tors – p. hilleris wlobiT (1996-2004) umuSavia; aseve wlobiT aqvs saqa-rTveloSi naRvawi saqarTvelos veb-gverdis avtors, b-n adrian briskus (ix. http://vlib.iue.it/history/asia/georgia.html).

5. xokaidos universitetis slavis-tikuri gamokvlevebis centris pro-fesoris, iuridiul mecnierebaTa doq-toris kimitaka macuzatos Sesavali weriliT 2007 wels gamoqveynda kre-buli: “Историографический диалог вокруг непризнанных государств: Приднестровье, Нагорный Карабах, Армения, Южная Осетия и Грузия». hokaidos universitetis slavuri kvlevebis centri (sapporo, iaponia); masSi vkiTxulobT (gv. 7):

“Если западные страны старались пре-одолеть межнациональные различия в пла-не образования и иных социальных воз-можностей с помощью нетерриториальных мероприятий, нацеленных на индивидов, в СССР присваивали статус этнотериториаль-ным образованиям. Республики с союзным статусом (например Грузия) имели наилуч-шие условия для развития, территориаль-ные образования с автономных статусом (например абхазы) – менее благополучные, а этнические группы без территориального образования (например мегрелы) преодоле-вали огромные трудности с целью сохра-нить свой язык и идентичность”.

ucxoelTa amgvari kvalifika-ciebi saTaves iReben sabWoTa periodis samecniero naSromebidan. kerZod, Ta-namedrove evropeli Tu azieli mecnie-rebis “eTnikuri” kvalifikaciebi efuZ-neba lingvistur kincefciebs.

samecniero literaturaSi qarTvel-Ta sametyvelo erTeulebis klasifika-ciis Sesaxeb ori ZiriTadi mosazreba arsebobs:

I. qarTvelebs gvaqvs erTi dedaena – qarTuli (romelic aris qarTvelTa saeklesio, saxelmwifo, samwignobro ena) da ocze meti dialeqti;

II. qarTvelebs gvaqvs 3-4 dedaena Tu 6-7 ena: qarTuli, megrul-lazuri, sva-nuri (amaTgan qarTuli aris qarTvel-Ta erovnuli, saeklesio, saxelmwifo ena) da ocamde dialeqti.

aq warmodgenili saqarTvelos e.w. umciresobaTa enebis, rukebisa da ara-marTebuli eTnologiuri kvalifika-ciebis avtorebs, udavo WeSmaritebad miaCniaT meore mosazreba.

“qarTlis cxovrebis” mematianeebi mravaljer Seexnen kavkasiisa da mso-flios enebis Temas; arcerT saukuneSi ar Secvlila Tavdapirveli midgoma: Zveli qarTuli wyaroebidanve saxel-deba qarTvelTa mxolod erTi ena:

“iyvnes qarTls esreT aRreul ese yovelni naTesavni, da izraxeboda qar-

Tlsa Sina equsi ena: somxuri, qarTuli, xazaruli, asuruli, ebrauli, berZnu-li; maTgan farnavazma “ganavrco ena” qarTuli da arRara izraxeboda sxua ena qarTlsa Sina Tvinier qarTulisa” (qarTlis cxovreba, 1955, gv.16, 26).

aqve aRvniSnavT, rom ucxouri wya-roebis mixedviT, saqarTvelos isto-riul teritoriaze dasturdeba sul mcire, aTamde qarTveluri tomi; mag., Zv.w. I aTaswleulSi istoriuli saqar-Tvelos teritoriaze aqtiurad Canan: kolxebi|kolaelebi, mosxebi|mesxebi, taoxebi, tibarenebi, saspeirebi, xalibe-bi, xaldebi|qaldebi, ekriktikes mcxov-rebni|ekeqerebi, henioxebi, sanebi, sa-nigebi|sanikebi (terminebi: kolxebi da mesxebi...

“qarTlis cxovrebidanac” Cans, rom saqarTveloSi bevri qarTveluri Te-mia, magram, miuxedavad amisa, qarTveli mematianeni qarTvelTa kuTxur metyve-lebas, kiloebs, calke enad ar miiCneven da Tvlian, rom qarTvelebs erTi ena gvaqvs.

arc qarTul da arc ucxour sais-torio wyaroebSi ar gvaqvs sagangebo msjeloba qarTveluri modgmis erTi Tu mravali enis Sesaxeb. logikuria, vifiqroT, rom qarTveli mematianeebi ufro obieqtur informaciebs flobd-nen, vidre saqarTvelos sinamdvilisgan Sors myofi zogi ucxoeli.

adreul saukuneebSi enis statusis gansazRvrisa da qarTvelTa erovnul-saxelmwifoebriv cnobierebaSi garkve-visaTvis gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa “iverielTa erTobis traqtati”, romel-sac 1790 wels xeli moaweres qarTl-ka-xeTis, samegrelos, imereTisa da guri-is mefe-mTavrebma; traqtatSi mkafio-daa naTqvami:

“vinaidan yovelTave iverielTa, msaxlobelTa samefosa Sina qarTlisa, kaxeTisa, imerTa, odiSisa da guriisaTa aqvsT erT morwmuneoba, arian Svilni erTisa kaTolike eklesiisagan Sobilni da erTisa enisa mqonebelni, aqvsT mavas-xelobiTica (urTierTvaldebulebiTi – t.f.) siyvaruli, viTarca sisxliT naTesavTa da moyvarobiT SekrulTa ur-TierTTa Soris.

amisaTvis Cven, zemoxsenebulad qve-yanaTa iveriisa da mefeni da mTavarni, damamtkicebelni saukunosa amis piro-bisa, saxeliT yovlad Zlierisa RvTisa-Ta aRvsTqvamT mtkicesa amas erTobasa, romelica TviTeulad SemdgomTa Sina hazrTa cxad iqmnebis...

XIX saukunis meore naxevridan dRe-mde ruseTis imperiis moxeleebi eTno-lingvisturi “kvlevebiT” intensiurad cdiloben, araqarTvelebad warmoad-

imperiuli principis _ “gaTiSe da

ibatone” Tanamedrove perspeqtivebi


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ginon qarTvelTa erTi nawili: aWarle-bi, lazebi, megrelebi, svanebi, mesxebi, herebi...

amave mizniT, XIX saukunis dasas-ruls, peterburgSi, Camoyalibda e.w. qarTizaciis Teoria (q. patkaniani, n. mari...), romlis mixedviTac qarTebma daipyres amJamindeli qarTlis provin-ciis aRmosavleTi, dasavleTi, samxre-Ti, CrdiloeTi mxareebi da TavianTi ena Tu kultura Tavs moaxvies sxva xalxebs: kaxelebs, herebs, megrelebs, lazebs, svanebs, mesxebs, fxovelebs, TuSebs, afxazebs... qarTlelebma|qarTvelebma moaxdines ra am „xalxebis” gaqarTve-leba, TiTqosda Seqmnes saqarTvelos imperia...

xazgamiT unda aRiniSnos, rom qar-Tvelur ena-kiloTa Sesaxeb XIX sauku-nis meore naxevrisa da XX saukunis sabWoTa periodamdel samecniero li-teraturaSi arsebul gansx-vavebul interpretaciaTagan megrulis, lazuris Tu sva-nurisTvis enis statuss irCe-vdnen ruseTis xelisuflebis (da rusuli eklesiis) warmo-madgenlebi, xolo qarTveli sazogado moRvaweni maT aR-saniSnavad kilos iyenebd-nen (Sdr., agreTve maSindeli terminebi: samSoblo ena da saTemo ena; maTTvis saTemo ena iyo megrulic, imerulic, mesxuric, xevsurulic, sva-nuric...); amis Sesaxeb kargad wers T. saxokia:

„yvelas mogexsenebaT, rom megruli enis sakiTxi rusebis Semosvlamde ar arsebobda. es sakiTxi gaCnda mas aqeT, rac rusebma saqarTveloSi fexi moikides.1870-ian wlebSi ieriSi mitanil iqna samegrelos skolebze. aq saministro skolebidan qarTuli ena gamodevnil iyo, rogorc aradedaena“...

XX saukunis 80-90-iani wlebis mij-naze, roca realuri gaxda sabWoTa im-periis ngreva, ganaxlda svanurad da megrulad „bibliis“ Targmnac da isev gaaqtiurda megruli da lazuri „deda-enebisa“ da „anbanebis“ Seqmnis sakiTxic; kerZod, rogorc v. foierStainis saja-ro gancxadebidan gairkva, rom prof. o. gigineiSvilis davalebiT man lazeTSi „lazuri anbani“gaavrcela, romelic TbilisSi osman tamtrulis fsevdoni-miT mixeil qurdianma da waTe bawaSma Seqmnes. m. qurdianma kerZo saubarSi dagvidastura es faqti, magram aRS-foTebiT aRniSna, rom man da w. bawaSma „lazur dedaenaSi“ anbani qarTuli SriftiT Seadgines, xolo v. foier-Stainma maT daukiTxavad is laTinuriT Secvala.

Tavisi dialeqtis bazaze qarTvel-Ta erT jgufs axal “dedaenas” qarTu-li anbaniT “Seuqmni” Tu laTinuriT, amiT bevri araferi icvleba; lazebma,

romlebic saqarTveloSi (sarfSi, go-nioSi) cxovroben, kargad ician, rom maTi winaprebi qarTuli kulturisa da saxelmwifoebriobis Seqmnis Tanamo-nawileni arian; Sesabamisad, maTi ero-vnuli identoba iseTivea, rac: aWarle-bis, gurulebis, imerlebis...

sxva qveynis saganmanaTleblo vel-Si aRzrdilT “axali dedaena” ki ara, obieqturi informacia esaWiroebaT sakuTar warsulze, vinaidan xalxis erovnul meobas ayalibebs sakuTari kulturisa da saxelmwifoebriobis is-toriis obieqturi codna.

XX saukunis 90-ian wlebSi iqmneba “megruli anbanic”, romlis avtoria giorgi siWinava.

samwuxarod, rogorc ukve zemoT vnaxeT, rusuli (sabWouri) istoriul-eTnologiuri usafuZvlo kvalifika-ciebi dRemde farTodaa gavrcelebuli

evropis, amerikis da aziis samecniero (Tu sainformacio) velSi. magaliTi-saTvis, gavaanalizeb erT, TiTqosda, uwyinar lingvistur rukas, romelic iost gipertis mieraa Seqmnili da amave avtoris xelmZRvanelobiT momzade-bul proeqts: „enobrivi situacia Ta-namedrove saqarTveloSi”:

xazgasmiT aRvniSnav, rom b-ni i. giperti am rukaze 10 wlis manZilze (1993-2003 wlebSi) muSaobda, magram Sedegi mainc metad araobieqturi da aramecnieruli miviReT, radganac av-tori eyrdnoba gasuli saukunis 30-iani wlebis Semdgom faqtobrivad dRemde gabatonebul e.w. 4 qarTveluri enis Teorias; kerZod, am rukis mixedviT:

– samegreloSi, svaneTSi, afxazeT-Si, lazeTSi, imerxevsa da cxinvalis mx-areSi qarTuli ena ar aris avtoqToni qarTvelebis dedaena;

– afxazeTis TiTqmis mTel teri-toriaze (galSic ki!) kompaqturad cxovrobs afxazur enaze molaparake eTnosi;

– centralur da samxreT qarTlSi xelovnuradaa gazrdili osurenovani

mosaxleobis raodenoba...– amave rukis Tanaxmad, TurqeTSi

saqarTvelos sazRvrispira raionebSi qarul enaze molaparakeni ar cxovro-ben.

ufro Sors midis lingvisturi rukebis erT-erTi cnobili Taname-drove avtori i.koriakovi; kerZod, is miiCnevs, rom dRevandeli samegrelo da istoriuli kolxeTi sinonimuri cnebebia, Sesabamisad, megruli da kolxuri erTi da igive monacemebia da qarTulisgan es metyveleba odiTganve gamijnulia; ix. misi rukac:

faqtia, rom i. giperti da i. koria-kovi kargad ar icnoben saqarTvelos lingvokulturul istoriasa da aw-myos...

rogorc wesi, tradiciuli sam-wignobro kulturis mqone sametyvelo erTeuli enad miiCneva. Sesabamisad,

rTulia umwerlobo enisa da dialeqtis gamijvna.

umwerlobo enad unda mi-viCnioT enobriv-eTnikuri identobis (meobis, TviTobis) mqone im sazogadoebis mety-veleba, romelsac sakuTar dedaenaze ara aqvs werilobi-Ti kultura da Semoqmedebis Tu saqmiswarmoebis procesSi sxvaTa mier Seqmnil samwignob-ro enas iyenebs. umwerlobo ena zepiri formiT (dialeqte-bis, kilokavebis, Tqmebis, Jar-gonebis saxiT...) arsebobs.

naTelia, rom megrul-Wa-nuri da svanuri metyvelebebi ver CaiTvleba umwerlobo en-ebad im martivi mizezis gamo, rom samwignobro qarTulis am saxesxvaobebis mflobelT

sul mcire 20-saukunovani samwignobro tradicia aqvT sakuTar dedaenaze.

zogi aralingvisti marTla gul-wrfelad fiqrobs: rogor SeiZleba erTi da imave donis terminiT movixse-nioT iseTi daSorebuli metyvelebebi, rogoricaa, mag., imeruli da megruli; maTTvis gvaqvs erTi martivi amocana: gvaqvs ori donis cneba-termini: ena da kilo; am cnebebiT davajgufoT qvemoT CamoTvlili enobrivi erTeulebi: qa-rTuli, imeruli, aWaruli, megruli, afxazuri, CeCnuri, ukrainuli, rusu-li, germanuli, bavariuli... ukamaToa, rom qarTulTan mimarTebiT kiloebia misi saxesxvaobebi: imeruli, aWaruli, xolo germanulis dialeqtia – bavari-uli; qarTulis msgavsad, ukamaToa sxva erebis sametyvelo erTeulebis statu-sic; damoukidebeli enebia: qarTulis monaTesave afxazuri, CeCnuri da ara-monaTesave: rusuli, ukrainuli, ger-manuli. romel jgufSi unda ganvaTav-soT qarTulis saxesxvaoba – megruli (romelic ufro metadaa Secvlili, vidre aWaruli): aWarul-imerulis Tu germanul-rusul-afxazuris? maT


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dasaxasiaTeblad mesame termini ar ar-sebobs (da arc aris saWiro)...

aqve, kidev erTi arsebiTi kiTxva: rogor mtkicdeba, rom qarTuli ena

ZvelTaganve aris yvela qarTveluri Temis (maT Soris: megrelebis, svanebis, lazebis) dedaena?

RvTismsaxurebis terminTa anali-ziT, iv. javaxiSvili (Txzulebani Tor-met tomad, t. I, Tb., 1979, gv. 154-156) askvnis:

“qarTuli ena qarTlel-kaxel-imer-el-gurulebisa da megrel-svanebisT-vis saerTo enaa”... warmarTobisdroin-deli saerTo Semoqmedebaa; “saerTo ena da mwerloba yvela qarTvelma tomma Seqmna”.

iv. javaxiSvilis mosazrebaze day-rdnobiT, “saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoriis” avtorma, mitropo-litma anania jafariZem, 1996 wels Ca-moayaliba Semdegi mosazreba:

“jer kidev IV-III saukuneebSi qarT-lis samefoSi anu aRmosavleT-dasav-leT saqarTveloSi (xazi Cemia – t.f.) mcxovreb xalxs (yvela qarTul toms – qarTebs, megrelebsa da svanebs) ukve hqonia eris raobis ganmsazRvreli erT-erTi mTavari elementi – enis erToba. es iyo saerTo-saxalxo, saliteratu-ro, saxelmwifo da kultmsaxurebis saerTo qarTuli ena, romelsac hqonda dialeqtebi, rogorc yvela cocxal enas” (gv. 62-63)... “mociqulTa epoqis saqarTveloSi saqristiano moZRvreba iTargmna qarTvelTaTvis saerTo enaze da ara satomo ena-kavebze; fuZe qarT-veluri enis daSlamde Camoyalibda qarTuli saeklesio da saliteraturo ena da, saerTod, qarTuli qristianu-li kultura. amis Semdeg saerTo fuZe qarTuli daiSala svanur, zanur da qa-rTul dialeqtebad, romelTac Taname-drove enobrivi saxe miiRes mogvianebiT – saqarTvelos daSla-danawevrebis kvaldakval XIII-XIX saukuneebSi”.

saerToqarTveluri enis, arqauli samwignobro enisa da qarTveluri ki-loebis enobrivi faqtebis Sepirisp-irebiT, aseve welTaRricxvaTa mijnaze qarTulidan sxva enebSi da sxva enaTa-gan qarTulSi nasesxebi leqsika mxars uWers mosazrebas, rom qarTvelTa is-toriuli samwignobro ena – sasulie-ro mwerlobis ena (e.w. Zveli qarTuli ena) Seqmnilia Zveli welTaRricxvis dasasruls da efuZneba saerToqarTve-lur enas.

rodis iyo saerToqarTveluri ena?Cven mier warmoebuli kvleva (tyav-

, quTais- svan-, sarapanis- faT-... si-tyvebisa da sparsulidan saerToqarT-velurSi nasesxebi leqsikis analizi) mxars ufro uWers arn. Ciqobavas, q. lomTaTiZis, k. bergslandis, h. fogtis da sxvaTa mier navaraudev qronolo-gias; kerZod:

Zv. w. V-IV aTaswleulebSi saerToin-doevropulis Tanadroulad arsebuli

iberiul-kavkasiuri kontinuumisgan sa-kuTriv qarTveluri enobrivi samyaros gamomijvna dawyebuli Cans kavkasiasa da anatoliaSi indoevropuli nakadis Semosvlis Semdeg Zv.w. III-II aTaswleu-lebis mijnaze; mkveTri daSoreba ki savaraudoa Zv.w. I aTaswleulis manZil-ze, kerZod, skviT-kimerielTa da spar-suli modgmis tomTa Semosevebis dros. qarTveluri modgmis mier kolxur-yo-banuri kulturis Seqmnis dros, Zv.w. II aTaswleulis Sua periodidan Zv.w. I aTaswleulis dasasrulamde, Cans, win-are qarTvelur tomTa metyvelebidan yalibdeba saerToqarTveluri eno-brivi erTeuli – Zvel qarTvel TemTa saerTo-sametyvelo ena... swired am enas daefuZna qarTuli asomTavruli anbani. faqtia isic, rom arqauli sam-wignobro ena ufro miemsgavseba saer-ToqarTvelur enas, vidre romelime qarTvelur kilos (Tundac qarTlurs, miT umetes – mesxurs).

safiqrebelia, rom samwignobro qa-rTulis fuZe enobrivi erTeuli Zvel kavkasiaSi ganixileboda erT-erT iberiul-kavkasiur dialeqtad, ra-mac xeli Seuwyo am samwerlobo kul-turis gavrcelebas (“gaSinaurebas”) qarTvelebis monaTesave Crdilo ka-vkasiel xalxebSic.

erTi qarTveluri enis Tvalsaz-risis mixedviT Seqmnili Tanamedrove qarTveluri enobrivi samyaros amsax-veli sqematuri ruka ase gamoiyureba:

daskvnis nacvlad:Tanamedrove samecniero kvleve-

bi adasturebs qarTuli wyaroebis tradiciul xedvas:

mravalwaxnagovani istoriuli ka-taklizmebis gamo, lazebs sxvadasxva saxelmwifoebriv da kulturul velSi uxdebaT cxovreba. Sesabamisad, gansx-vavebulia sakuTari warsulis codnis xarisxic, rac pirdapirproporciu-lad aisaxeba erovnul-enobrivi Tvi-TaRqmis faqtorebze; kerZod: laz-Ta erTi nawili (ZiriTadad, sarfisa da gonio-axalsoflis mkvidrni) ar mowyvetila qarTvelur kulturul-saxelmwifoebriv vels; Sesabamisad, am mosaxleobam icis, rom megrelTa, kaxelTa, mesxTa, fxovelTa... msgavsad, isinic arian erTiani qarTveluri kul-turisa da saerToqarTvelur enobriv struqturaze dafuZnebuli mwigno-brobis avtorebi; maTTvis kargadaa cnobili, rom saqarTvelos mefeebis didi nawilis garda, lazur-Wanur-me-gruli warmoSobisani iyvnen qarTvelu-ri kulturis Semqmnelebi: iovane lazi, ioane minCxi, stefane sananoisZe, ioane petriwi, iovane maruSisZe, Wyondidle-bi... dadianebi, Ciqovanebi, gamsaxurdie-bi da mravali sxva. lazTa meore nawili aRizarda TurqeTis saxelmwifoSi. mas daviwyebuli aqvs Tavisi kilo da, Tur-quli ganaTlebis sistemis Sesabamisad, Tavs Turqad miiCnevs. TurqeTsa da

evropaSi moRvawe lazTa mesame nawili-saTvis ucnobia (bunebrivia, ara yvela-saTvis!) saerToqarTveluri kultu-ris qmnadobis procesSi laz-megrel-Ta monawileoba, magram maT ician, rom lazebi enobriv-eTnikurad arsebiTad gansxvavdebian Turqebisagan. lazTa es jgufi sakuTari metyvelebis bazaze cdilobs axla Seqmnas samwignobro ena da “gadaarCinos” TavisTavadoba.

saqarTvelosa da TurqeTis keTil-mezobluri urTierTobis pirobebSi unda Seiqmnas obieqturi samecniero informaciis gacvlis veli, romelic yvela lazs saSualebas miscems ico-des:

1. kolxuri (kolxur-yobanuri) ar-qeologiuri kulturis sazRvrebi cxa-dyofs, kolxuri saxelmwifo ocamde qarTvelur toms|Tems aerTianebda da Tavisi arsiT qarTveluri (zogadqar-Tuli) xasiaTisaa.

2. qarTveluri samwignobro ena efuZneba saerTo qarTvelur enobriv models da ara qarTlurs, kaxurs, an sxva romelime qarTvelur kilos; pir-veli qarTuli asomTavruli warwerebi SemorCenilia iovane lazis monasterSi, qarTuli himnografiis fuZemdebelia aseve lazi/megreli ioane minCxi da sxv.

3. saqarTvelos gaerTianebuli saxelmwifos ideologebi da winamZRo-lebi metwilad iyvnen laz-megruli warmoSobis didgvarovnebi (bagratio-nebi, Wyondidlebi da sxva);

4. lazTa folklorSi (msgavsad imer-xevelTa, taoelTa, svanTa, herTa, kax-Ta...) gamorCeulad pativsacemi adgili uWiravs erTiani saqarTvelos did me-fes – Tamars (qarTvelTa saerTo is-toriis amsaxveli es masala i. yifSiZis mier erTi saukunis winaa Cawerili).

1992 wlis 5 noembers evrosabWos wevrma saxelmwifoebma strasburgSi miiRes “evropuli qartia regionaluri da umciresobaTa enebis Sesaxeb”, xolo 1995 wlis 1 Tebervals aqve xeli moewe-ra “CarCo konvencias erovnul umci-resobaTa dacvis Sesaxeb”. aRniSnuli dokumentebi evrosabWos wevrebisa da wevrobis msurvelTaTvis warmoadgens saxelmZRvanelo debulebebis krebuls erovnul da lingvistur umciresoba-Ta uflebebis dacvis sferoSi; kerZod, qartia da konvencia iTxovs:

saxelmwifos ZiriTadi mosaxleobis-gan gansxvavebuli avtoqToni eTnikuri Tu enobriv-kulturuli jgufebis-Tvis umciresobis statusis miniWeba-sa da saTanado uflebebiT aRWurvas (avtoqTonobasa da gansxvavebul enaze xazgasmaa qartiis ganmartebiTi moxse-nebis pirvelive punqtSi).

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom evrosabWos dokumentebis mixedviT, umcireso-bis enad ar miiCneva saxelmwifo enis saxesxvaoba da migrantTa ena...


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manana odiSeli, oqsfordi, didi britaneTi5454545454545454545454545454imereTis warmtaci patara qala-

qi vani da aq gamovlenili saganZuri msoflios arqeologiuri samyaros yuradRebis centrSi moeqca. 2007 wlidan vanis arqeologiuri monapo-vris gamofenebi moewyo berlinSi, nicaSi, parizSi, vaSingtonsa da niu-iorkSi. niu-iorkSive gamoica SesaniSnavi katalogi “Wine, Wor-ship and Sacrifice, The Golden Graves of Ancient Vani” (Rvino, Tayvanisce-ma da msxverplSewirva, oqros sa-marxebi Zveli vanidan). qarTveli da ucxoeli organizatorebis erTiani ZalisxmeviT, yoveli gamofena gam-oirCeoda individualurobiT da daxvewili gemovnebiT. germaniis da safrangeTis gamofenebi ZiriTa-dad oqros nivTebis warmoCeniT Se-moifargla, xolo vaSingtonis sak-leris galereaSi warmodgenili iyo mTliani arqeologiuri kompleqse-bi, brinjaos mrgvali qandakeba da torevtikis nimuSebi, unikaluri sabrZolo iaraRebi. oqros unatife-si nivTebis brwyinvaleba gamZafre-bul efeqts axdenda mravalmxrivi anareklebiT, ferTa TamaSiT. niu-iorkis gamofenaze amas daemata axlad aRmoCenili unikaluri spi-los gamosaxulebebiani brinjaos lampari da sakmeveli. TiToeuli gamofena gaxda mniSvnelovani kul-turuli movlena am qalaqebisaTvis; germanel, frang da amerikel xalxs saSualeba mieca gacnobodnen “leg-endaruli” kolxeTis kulturas da xelovnebas da aReqvaT igi Zveli civilizaciebis istoriul konte-qstSi. ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom niu-iorkis Zveli msoflios Semswavlel-ma institutma (ISAW) Tavisi pirveli gamofena swored vanis saganZurs miuZRvna. Zveli kolxeTis mdidar da mravalferovan monapovarSi TvalnaTliv ikveTeba saqarTvelos unikaluri roli, rogorc uZvelesi civilizaciebis gzajvaredinisa, sa-dac Tavs iyrida da SemoqmedebiTad muSavdeboda kulturuli impulse-bi berZnul-romauli, sparsuli da skviTur-sarmatuli samyaroebidan. germanuli da franguli gamofenebis katalogebTan erTad, inglisureno-vani SesaniSnavad ilustrirebuli, fundamenturi katalogi uaRre-sad mniSvnelovani movlenaa. qar-Tuli arqeologiiT dainteresebul ucxoel mecnierebs da studentebs

saSualeba miecemaT gaecnon darejan kaWar-avas da guram kvirkve-lias, ana Wyonias, nino lorTqifaniZis, maikl vikersis statiebs vanis da kolxeTis ar-qeologiis Sesaxeb. amerikuli gamofenebis da katalogis SeqmnaSi monawileoba miiRes saqarTvelos nacionalurma muzeumma (direqtori daviT lorT-qifaniZe), smiTsonianis frier da ar-tur sakleris galeream (direqtori julian reibi) da niu-iorkis Zveli aRmosavleTis Semswavlelma insti-tutma (direqtori rojer bagnali).

miwveuli kuratori iyo oqsfordis universitetis profesori maikl vikersi. jenifer Cim (ISAW) didi muSaoba gaswia eqsponatebis Ser-Cevasa da eqspoziciis momzadebaSi. Selbi uaitis da leon levis fondis uaRresad guluxvi mxardaWeriT, vanis arqeologiur gaTxrebs da mis muzeums ukve mimdinare wlidan milioniani dafinanseba eqneba, rac saSualebas miscems arqeologebs Seisyidon miwis nakveTebi, uzrun-velyon maRalxarisxiani gaTxrebis procesi, daafinanson publikaciebi da gaiumjobeson samuSao pirobebi. leon levis fondi aseve materialur daxmarebas gauwevs britanul-qar-Tul arqeologiur eqspedicias fi-WvnarSi. igegmeba mravalmxrivi Tan-

amSromloba qarTvel da amerikel arqeologebs Soris, rac ganuzomlad Seuwyobs xels qarTuli xelovnebis da kul-turis popularizacias sazRvargareT.

Tanamedrove qalaqi vani mdebareobs mdinare

suloris da rionis SesarTavan, baR-daTis raionSi. istoriulad es teri-toria kolxeTis samefoSi Sedioda. kolxeTis legendaruli warsuli ar-gonavtebis miTis saxiT Semogvinaxa istoriam. argonavtebis mier oqros verZis gataceba aia-kolxeTidan da kolxi medeas da iasonis dramatuli siyvarulis Tema saukuneebis gan-mavlobaSi mraval literaturul Tu saxviTi xelovnebis Sedevrs daedo safuZvlad. miTis warmoSoba win uswrebs homerosis epoqas da II aTaswleulis Sua xanebiT aris da-TariRebuli. Soreuli kolxeTi berZnebis cnobierebaSi damkvidrda, rogorc zRapruli simdidris qvey-ana. straboni da pliniusi kolxeTs oqromravals uwodeben, sadac oqros silas mTis mdinareebSi cxvris tyavebis saSualebiT moipovebdnen. Zveli kolxeTis arqeologiurma Seswavlam molodini gaamarTla, rac gansakuTrebiT swored vanis monapo-vriT aris dadasturebuli.

jer kidev me-19 saukuneSi vanis Sesaxeb sensaciuri cnoba daibeWda: “aq wvima ise ar mova, rom ar Cam-oitanos niaRvarma xan oqroebi, xan oqros Zewkvebi, xan beWdebi, xan ra da xan ra nivTebuloba... didi sim-didre unda iyos am goraze” (1876, “droeba”). pirveli samecniero kvl-eva-Zieba vanis axvledianebis goraze eqvTime TayaiSvilma Caatara. me-20 saukunis 30-iani wlebidan gaTxrebs aq xelmZRvanelobda niko berZeniS-vili. 1947-1963 wlebSi ki pirvelma arqeologma qalma nino xoStariam 12 sezoni Caatara. 1966 wlidan vanis arqeologiur eqspedicias saTaveSi Caudga oTar lorTqifaniZe. swored man gauTqva saxeli vanis unikalur aRmoCenebs. gamoqveynda vanis arqe-ologiis 9 tomi, safuZveli Caeyara vanis regularul saerTaSoriso simpoziumebs, 1985 wels aSenda vanis muzeumi. vanis eqspedicias muSaoba ar Seuwyvetia ukiduresad mZime

oqromravali vani arqeologiuri samyaros yuradRebis

centrSi moeqca


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pirobebSic ki. 2002 wlidan ki eqs-pedicias xelmZRvanelobs dare-jan kaWarava. 2003 da 2004 wlebSi vanis naqalaqarma kvlav ganacvifra mdidruli monapovrebiT ganebivre-buli arqeologebi, aRmoCnda ori mdidruli samarxi, romlebSic aTasobiT oqros natifi nakeToba dafiqsirda. aRsaniSnavia vercxlis ganieri qamari, romelzec gamosax-ulia mamakaci Rvinis TasiT mosam-saxuresTan erTad. axali aRmoCenebi saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis direqtoris daviT lorTqifan-iZis TaosnobiT gamoifina janaSias saxelobis saqarTvelos erovnul muzeumSi. SarSan zafxuls ki gamov-linda srulian unikaluri brinjaos Wraqebi, lampebi, Sandlebi, rodesac dimitri axvledianis ubanze, TirSi saxeldaxelod amoWrili samalavi gaiTxara. naqalaqari udaod kidev mraval ganZs inaxavs Tavis wiaRSi.

vanSi arqeologTa mravali Taoba gaizarda, aq bolo wlebSi monaw-ileoben studentebi amerikidan da inglisidan. gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos adgilobrivi mosaxleobis Tanadgoma da patriotizmi, ramac didad Seuwyo xeli vanis arqeolo-giuri eqspediciis warmatebebs.

vanis naqalaqaris istoriuli saxelwodeba sadaod rCeba. Sesa-Zloa aq iyo qalaqi suriumi, rom-lis saxelic moixsenieba brinjaos sataZro warweraze; aseve ar aris gamoricxuli, rom es iyo strabonis mier aRwerili taZar-qalaqi levko-Tea, rogorc amas oTar lorTqifaniZe miiCnev-da.

uZvelesi masala Zv. w. 8 saukunes miekuTvneba, rodesac dasaxle-bas sakulto centris funqcia unda hqonoda. Zv.w. me-6 - 4 saukuneebSi qalaqs politikur-ad-ministraciuli xasiaTi hqonda. igi am regionis skeptuxia unda yofiliyo, razec miuTiTebs kramitebis damRebi da mdidruli samarxebi, romlebSic mZivebiT da oqros sakereblebiT Semkul samosSi gaxveuli, uxvi samkauliT morTuli micvalebulebi cxenebisa da msaxu-rebis TanxlebiT iyvnen dakrZal-ulni. erT-erT beWedze berZnulad warwera “dedatos” SesaZloa micva-lebulis saxels aRniSnavda.

Zv.w. me-3 - 1 saukuneebSi izrdeba qalaqis religiuri centris mniS-vneloba. am periodSi arqiteqturu-lad mravalferovani mravali taZris naSTia gamovlenili. waruSlel STa-

beWdilebas axdens 12 safexuriani taZari, mrgvali taZari, masiuri qvis bazebi, kapitelebi, sakurTxev-lebi. saidumloebiT aris moculi Wa, romelic 22 metris siRrmemde gaiTxara da Ziri kvlav ar gamovle-nila. ra daniSnuleba unda hqonoda mas, mistiuri Tu praqtikuli? mx-olod momavali gaTxrebi mogvcems am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemis SesaZle-blobas.

gansakuTrebiT mZlavria Zv.w. me-2 saukunis fena, metad STam-beWdavia qalaqis propilea - WiSkari da kargad Semonaxuli mokirwyluli quCa. aqve unda mdgariyo mTavari qalRvTae-bis qandakeba.

pirvelad saqarTveloSi, swored vanSi aRmoCnda klasi-kuri mrgvali brinjaos axal-gazrda mamakacis qandakeba. aseve uzadod maRalmxatvru-li SesrulebiT gamoirCeva brinjaos mravali skulp-turuli detali. brinjaos saxelosnos, widebis da yalibebis aRmoCena saSualebas gvaZlevs vivar-audoT, rom qandakebebi adgilobriv iyo Camosxmuli berZnuli klasikuri modelebis mixedviT.

vanSi aRmoCenili adgilobrivi da importuli brinjaos da keramikuli WurWeli mowmobs Rvinis RmerTis di-onises kultis arsebobas. dionises wris RvTaebebis qandakebebi amkob-da brinjaos saritualo WurWels, romelic elinisturi xelovnebis

erT-erT Sedevrs war-moadgens. amforebi, qoT-nebi da dergebi inaxaven informacias mosaxleo-bis meurneobis Sesaxeb. vanSi 4 tipis xorbali, da sxva burRuleuli, saqs-ovi dazgebi, sameTuneo da liTonis saxelosnoebi

naqalaqaris mcxovrebTa yoveldRiur saqmian-

obaze metyvelebs. sacxovrebeli saxlebi albaT xisgan iyo agebuli, amitom maTi nakvalevic ar Cans. vanis mosaxleobaze mxolod misi micva-lebulebi metyveleben. vanis aris-tokratTa samarxebSi aRmoCenili oqros nivTebis umetesoba adgilo-brivi kolxuri nawarmia. cvaraTi Sesrulebuli natifi diademebi, sayureebi da yelsabamebi mowmobs sazogadoebis ganviTarebis maRal dones da daxvewil gemovnebas.

wminda kolxuri elementebi Cans vardulebiani sayureebis Sesrule-baSi. sruliad unikaluri xasiaTisaa cvaraTi Semkuli Wviruli Tmis sama-

gri irmis gamosaxulebiT. unatifesi cvaras teqnikiT Semkuli oqros kus mZivebi kolxuri oqromWedlobis simbolod gadaiqca.

Zv. w. me- 3 saukunidan elinisturi tendenciebi iCens Tavs da samkauli poliqromuli xdeba. aRmosavluri samyaros oqromWedlobis gavlena Cans diademebis heraldur kompo-ziciebSi, romlebzec cxovelTa brZolis scenebia gamosaxuli; cx-ovelebis gamosaxulebebiani sa-

majurebi aseve aqemeniduri sparseTis xelovnebis areal-Si Tavsdeba. swored oqromW-edlobis nimuSebSi dastur-deba berZnuli da aRmosav-luri kulturebis impulsebi da adgilobrivi tradiciebis Sesabamisad maTi warmatebu-li gaTaviseba, rac kolxur nakeTobebs ganumeorebel iers umkvidrebs.

vanis naqalaqari Zv. w. 1-l saukuneSi Cans dangreuli.

arqeologiurad dadasture-bulia ngrevis ori etapi sakmaod

mcire intervaliT. Tu vani marTlac Zveli levkoTea iyo, istoriuli wyaroebis mixedviT, qalaqi ganad-gurda bosforis mefe farnakes da miTridate VII pergamonelis Semo-sevebis Sedegad Zv. w. 49 da 47 wlebSi.

miuxedavad katastrofisa, vani ar miutovebia mosaxleobas. romaul periods ganekuTvneba aq aRmoCeni-li mdidruli brinjaos sarkofagi, romelic monetebis mixedviT, ax. w. me-3 saukuniT aris daTariRebuli. vanSi cxovreba dRevandlamde uwy-vetad miedineba, Tumca mxolod ar-qeologiuri Zeglebi mowmoben vanis Zvel didebas.

vanis gamofenas win kidev mravali mogzauroba elis. maisSi niu-iorkis Zveli aRmosavleTis Semswavleli in-stitutis TaosnobiT, qarTuli ar-qeologiisadmi miZRvnili konfer-encia gaimarTeba. gamofena moivlis hiustons, los anjeless da aTens. kvlav mravali SemoTavazebaa evro-pis wamyvani qalaqebidan. saqarTve-los warsuliT da momavliT msof-lios daintereseba matulobs.

vans CemTvis piradad gan-sakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs. swored aq Sevxvdi pirvelad Cems meuRles maikl vikerss. am ulamazes are-mareSi kolxeTis Zveli RvTaebe-bi albaT isev celqoben da naskvaven adamianTa bedis gorgals. Cemi qarTveli da ingliseli kolegebi dameTanxmebian, uxilavi sulieri arsebebi wyaloben vanis uZvelesi is-toriis moamageebs.


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gapoxilSarvliani da aburZgnulTmiani kaci amodis barbaciT. Cemi bedi rom vici, me momijdeba gverdiT. ai, am-aTvalier-CamaTvaliera kidec.

– zis aq vinme? – rogorc xedavT, ara! – davjde, xo SeiZleba? mTvralia oxeri. – saiT midixar ase dabarguli? yars. – CaiwieT ra, gadavvardi fanjridan, – xmas vuwev. fexebs gareT alagebs da zurgiT mijdeba. amovisunTqe. magram raRa maincdamainc Cems gverdiT da-

jda?! bebiaCemi ityoda xolme, virs pitna rom ejavreba da cx-

virSi tenian, tlinkebis srolas iwyebs, magram Tuki pitnas ise, ubralod daulageben cxvirwin, SeiZleba megobrulad kudic ki gauqicinoso.

uh, kidev kargi, Setrialda mainc. viRac moxuci qali amodis. ramdeni CanTa aqvs, Tan ra

savse. an gaCerebamde ram moiyvana, an gaCerebidan ra waaRe-binebs? keTili saxe aqvs, Cavardnili loyebiTa da daRlili TvalebiT. CanTebzeve jdeba da wina skamis sazurges xeliT eWideba wvalebiT.

goneba sxva rameze, rogorc iqna, gadamaqvs da CanTebis Tvlasac viwyeb, rom es kaci isev trialdeba Cemsken.

aslokinebs. – ase ver vjdebi, Tavbru mexvevao, – mibodiSebs. – ise, ai, axla vfiqrobdi, swored, uh, bodiSi, –

daaslokina kidev, – ai, gzaze varT damdgrebi axla, ara? da cxovrebis gza ra aris, aba, saiT mivyavarT, ha?!

au, daecema exla es qadagad. – uh, bodiSi, – amoaslokina isev, sul cota daaklda da

albaT, amoasxamda kidec. guli miRondeba. – hoda, ras vambobdi, ho... miTxari aba, ra aris cxovrebis

arsi? – mTeli taniT izniqeba Cemken. – ar vici da arc mainteresebs. – rogor? uh, rogor, Tu ar gainteresebs? cxovrob da

risTvis cxovrob ar gaintere... uh, bodiSi, sebs? – simarTle giTxraT, ara da miiwieT ra, ver xedavT, rom

Zlivs vzivar? – miviwevi, gana, ar miviwevi, Tu ginda sulac avdgebi, ma-

gram, is miTxari jer, ai, ra aris cxovrebis arsi da mizani?! – filosofias universitetSi ver vitandi da am filoso-

fiur kiTxvebze axla daviwyeb fiqrs?! ar mainteresebs-meT-qi!

guli amas ki ara, me amereva, erTxelac Tu gaCerda es av-tobusi da haeri ar Semovida mZRolis fanjridan.

– kargi, maSin is miTxari, ai, dRevandel dRes ras akeTeb da ratom? ra mizniT midixar, sadac midixar?

– dedaCemis sanaxavad mivdivar sofelSi. – risTvis? rom moinaxulo ubralod da es CanTebSi Ca-

ZeZgili saWmeli Cautano? – ho, magisTvis. – ese igi cxovrebis arsi SenTvis isaa nawilobriv, rom

daexmaro vinmes. ara, vinmes ki ara, Senians, ara? magaliTad, me Tu damexmarebi axla? ai, larians Tu gaimeteb?

– arayi rom iyido, hm?! – ise vubRver, TiTqos didi xnis Zmakacia, an axlo naTesavi.

– magas ra mniSvneloba aqvs, lariani mWirdeba, Tu damex-marebi, ho, kargi, Tu arada, arc uh... bodiSi, arc egaa pro-blema.

– aha, lariani da gamatare, male Cavdivar.– vityuebi, ra dros Casvlaa, mTeli saaTi kidev win maqvs. larians iRebs da matarebs.

mZRolis gverdiT skamze vjdebi. ver vzivar normalu-rad, magram magas vCivi?

Cems adgilas is moxuci jdeba gaxarebuli, Zlivs gaviSa-le welSio, ambobs da ise ebaaseba mTeli gza mTvrals, rom arc ki imCnevs, pitnas cxvirSi tenian Tu ubralod cxvirwin udeben.

an pitna ratomaa eg kaci saerTod? * * *

Camovedi. vici, dedaCemi daiwyebs, araferi ar minda Seni, oRond Sen mSvidobiT myavdeo da fulze uars metyvis, ma-gram macivris Tavze davutoveb da avtobusis fanjridan gavZaxeb, rom fuli iqaa, rame Tu daWirdeba. TxuTmeti lari ra aris, magram rac SemiZlia, imas vaZlev. ise Tavs rad vi-marTleb? rac SemiZlia, imas vaZlev.

sufTaa haeri. okrobokro gzebze sarecxnavlebi wyalia gamoJonili axlo-maxlo ezoebidan da Ceqmebian fexs gulm-odgined varideb ise, TiTqosda fexSiSvelac ar mirbenia am bilikebze.

Cems win qali miCaqCaqebs doqiT, welSi amoRunuli.– ehh, velode axlac da isev tyuilad, ar Camovida! – si-

tyvas mawevs. – vis elodeT? – fexs vaneleb. – Cems gogos, sxvas vis? – sayvedurnarevi mekiTxeba. – ah... da dRes unda Camosuliyo Tqveni gogo? – ara, ra dRes? yoveldRe velodebi saRamos avtobusze,

iqneb Camovides-meTqi. wlebia, ar minaxavs da vambob, erT dResac xom iqneba da Camova, ara? hoda, mec yovelsaRamo vdgavar gaCerebaze da velodebi.

– mogexmaroT gindaT? wyals me migataninebT saxlamde. – me aqeT unda gadavuxvio, Svilo, Sen saiT midixar? – mec Tqvenken movdivar, – vityuebi. – aba, dabarguli xar da Cemi wyalic Sen gatarebino? – araferi maqvs mZime, momeciT, momeciT. doqis saxeluri Tbilia moxucis xelisguliT. dakerebuli, amokenkili Savi xalaTi acvia, welze gax-

unebuli. albaT, qmars glovobs. gadaxeuli fexsacmelebiT Zlivs momyveba ukan da wyali, albaT, ria-ria Sesdis. mela-parakeba musikaluris skolis maswvaleblis SviliSvilze, qvebis srolas miwyebs da Robes miSlis, ramdenic ki Cemi sax-lisken Camoivliso. axla, Tu iqaa, iqneba Sen gaubrazde, Seni morideba eqneba namdvilado, – amatebs TxovniT.

mere ki gzas icvlis, ai, aqedan mokleze gadavideT, eg jobia, ar minda SarSi gagxvio, aqedan Tu gavalT, avcdebiT kidec mag uvargisso.

viRacis ezos morRveuli Robidan vZvrebiT. mavTulebiT mibmul, erT mxares Camovardnil kars nela wevs gamxdari xelebiT da jer me miSvebs.

– ai, aqa vcxovrob, Svilo. keTili iyos Seni fexi da Cemi gogo mogeyvanos maleo, – butbutebs. wyals SuSabandSi vudgam da gamosasvlelad vemzadebi.

– cota xans darCi, wyali momitane da wyalze mainc dag-patiJeb?!

– ara, damiRamdeba da sjobs axlave wavide, ZaRlebi ar-ian orRobeebSi da ar amekidnen.

merideba savse CanTebiT gamosvla da uxerxulad viSmuS-nebi.

– me gagacileb, Tu ginda, moSinaurebulma ZaRlebma rogor unda SegaSinon? dajeqi, Svilo, Semomsvleli aq arav-inaa da adamianis natruli var me sacodavi, cota xani mainc giyuro.

...mere gamomkiTxa saiT vcxovrobdi, visi gogo viyavi,

irma goderZiSvili, vorsteri, didi britaneTi54545454545454545454

gzanovela


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poezia da proza

“Tanamemamules” redaqcia madlobas uxdis yvelas,

vinc monawileoba miiRo am nomris dakompleqtebaSir r

gamomcemeli, mT. redaqtori: zaza mesxi, londoni, didi britaneTi

tel: +44 2084808794 mob: ++44 7859000592, el-fosta: [email protected]

irma qimeriZe – kiolni, germaniaana aivazovi – duseldorfi, germania

eka xijakaZe – parizi, safrangeTigiorgi mamulia – parizi, safrangeTi

oTar patariZe – parizi, safrangeTicicino jervaliZe – niu-iorki, aSS

dodona kiziria – blumingtoni, aSSzurab mWedliSvili – niu-iorki, aSS

jumber jiSkariani – florida, aSSgiorgi meluava – jorjia, aSS

Tamar gamilaRdiSvili – bilbao, espaneTisofio laWyepiani – niqozia, kviprosi

nunu gelaZe – bergomaniero, italiaqevsen ruhi (xanTaZe) – ankara, TurqeTinino ananiaSvili – Tbilisi, saqarTvelomaia goTua – Tbilisi, saqarTveloTinaTin mRvdliaSvili – Tbilisi, saqarTveloivane jafariZe – Tbilisi, saqarTveloTeimuraze petriaSvili – Tbilisi, saqarTvelotariel futkaraZe – quTaisi, saqarTvelorafael gogitiZe – baTumi, saqarTvelomanana odiSeli – oqsfordi, didi britaneTiirma goderZiSvili – vorsteri, didi britaneTisinta depondti – londoni, didi britaneTi

romeli lomaSvilebis, romeli elikosi, gaixsena da Tan verc gaixsena dedaCemi. Cven soflis bolos vcxovrobdiT da Tvi-Ton kidev – soflis TavSi. mere suraTi maCvena Tavisi gog-osi, pioneris yelsaxvevSi da TeTr winsafarSi. CarCos minas aqa-iq nakocnebic etyoboda.

mere spilenZis qvabi gamoitana da dedamTiliseuli CamCa, antikvarebia es da iaf fasSi mogyidi, Tu iyidio. diliT mag-ida gavitane saxlidan, tacilaoba iyo, Tumnad aiRo erTma kacmao. nel-nela, meti gza ar maqvs, unda gavitano yvelaferi. aba, ra Seminaxavso?

CanTidan Zexvi da puri amoviRe, modi, erTad vivaxSmoT-meTqi.

Tvalebi gaunaTda. gabzarul-dawebebuli TefSebi gadmoiRo WianaWami, daCxv-

letili karadidan. Cangali me damido, TviTon ki, me xeliT var Wamas miCveulio da qalaquri puris naWers guli nela gamoacala.

mere adga, Zveli gazeTis patara naxevi moitana da amomido TefSqveS, xelebis Sewmenda Tu mogindebao. mere, patara Wiqa-Si yviTeli feris Rvino daasxa naxevarCareqiani boTlidan da gaCumda.

Zexvs usuna jer, Tvalebi daxuWa da cremlianma kidev usu-na. mere wina darCenili ori kbiliT mowiwkna da uh, Sen gaix-areo, Caibutbuta TvaldaxuWulma.

mere erTi naWeri Zexvi da puri Wama mTeli saaTis ganmav-lobaSi, ise rom Tavis gogoze laparaki ar Seuwyvetia.

mere wamosvlisas kidev mkiTxa moridebiT, iqneb rame geyi-da, rac ginda aarCie da waiRe Tumnado.

sawvnes viyidi maSin, oRond meore Camosvlaze waviReb-meTqi, uxerxulad avibeni.

xuTi lari gzis, aTi dedaCems da xuTic am CamCaSi – ga-davyavi Cemi oclariani da gavuwode. ai, oclariani maqvs mar-to da xuTi lari aiReT-meTqi.

xurdad Tumniani maqvs meo, jibeSi daiwyo qeqva da ipovna kidec CakuWuli lariani da momawoda.

– es lariania, – avwiTldi, – mTlianad mogcemdiT oc lars, magram gzis fuli aRar meqneba, movubodiSe.

– lariani araa, Svilo, diliT magida gavyide da Tumani momca im kacma, – TviTonac awiTlda da SeSfoTebuli Tva-lebiT fuls dauwyo sinaTleze Tvaliereba.

– ... – ara, ra, ver vxedav me kargad, magram magida Tumnad aiRo

da vici, am moxuc qals ar momatyuebda. magida Cemi qmris gakeTebuli iyo, ar memeteboda, magram sxva ra gza mqonda? fqvili maqvs sayideli da magitom gavitane... avuxseni kidec, amitom vyidi-meTqi da xom ar momatyuebda, ara? – gaocebu-li miyurebda qvemodan joxze dayudebuli.

– ... – ai, qvabic waiRe, Svilo, SenTvis gadavdeb da roca

Camoxval, amasac mogcem... axla, aiRe es Tumani, naCuqari me araferi minda aravisi...

– ara, iyos, ise dagitovebT oc lars, qvabebis meti ra maqvs saxlSi.

– ara, ara! qvabs SenTvis gadavdeb da CamCasTan erTad waiReb, roca moxval. axla ki gamomarTvi es Tumani xurdad da gaixare, rom Zexvze dampatiJe, guli davinayre kidec.

gamovdivar moWmuWnuli, rbili larianiT xelSi. mis amoRamebul Tvalebs vgrZnob beWebze gzis bolomde

da locvas kidev, Tu raRac siTbos, bavSvobis dros rom gan-icdi mxolod, ai, rom uyvarxar da zrunaven Senze, maSin da gulSi mixaria raRac.

* * * deda lobios qvabs urevs xis kovziT. amolesili lobio

male iwvavs da Tu ar mourie, alanZulis gemo eqnebao, meub-neba moguduli xmiT.

cxel kerZs Sen gamo vakeTeb, Torem marto Cemi TavisTvis saWmlis gamzadebas ra madli aqvso, – amatebs.

deda laparakobs da me vusmen. SuaRamemde erTad varT. mamas gadidebuli suraTi

kedelze, RvTismSoblis xati fanjris rafaze, qinZiani lo-bios suni, dedas xma da mere Zilamde mTeli dRe Tvalwin mivlis erTxel kidev.

gapoxil Sarvliani mTvrali maxsendeba, misi mZime suni da slokiniT naTqvami: miTxari, ra aris cxovrebis arsio?

da pirvelad vgrZnob, rom pasuxi am kiTxvaze ar maqvs, imitom ara, rom aranairi survili ar maqvs am kacs vupas-uxo da baasi gavuba, arc imitom rom filosofia arasodes mxiblavda, aramed, ubralod, warmodgena ar maqvs, ra aris cxovrebis arsi.

* * *gaCerebaze carieli CanTiT vdgavar, larianiT jibeSi.

avtobusSi mZRols moridebiT vuxsni, rom aTlarianis magivrad lariani momces xurdad da vTxov, rom larad gamayolos qalaqamde.

mZRoli oqros kbilebSi iqcevs papiross da meubneba: – Sennair lamaz qals rogor vetyvi uars, wagiyvan, aba,

ar wagiyvan?! modi, ager damijeqi gverdiT da is miTxari erTi, rogor mogatyues? me guSin diliT erTma beberma qalma magida momyida da Tumani mindao, ganmicxada. me lari-ani miveci, raRa dros Tumnebia, babo-meTqi da wavida isic. mSvenieri magida viyide larad, aba! magram Sen, aseTi jeeli, rogor unda mogatyus kacma, ha?!

– da ra aris TqvenTvis cxovrebis arsi?! – laparaks vu-bam, bolo -bolo ufasod mivyavar qalaqamde...

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