CreativityThe perspective on

Creativity

Creativity is a fascinating topic. Creative individuals often lead interesting lives, especially when they are immersed in their work, and of course the work itself (art, inventions, books, and insights) is by definition original and unusual.

Runco, M. A. 2007. Encoraging creativity in education. In Al-Girl Tan (ed.), Creativity: a handbook for teachers, pp. vii-ix. Singapore: World Scientific.

CreativityNo wonder there is a growing body of both basic and applied research on creativity and various correlates of it. (e.g., innovation, talent, achievement and genius) The basic research often focuses on the creative process. The applied research looks to the environments and experiences that support (and sometimes inhabit) creative potentials and expression.

CreativityCreative Thinking&

• Creativity

is the bringing into being of something which did not exist before, either as a product, a process or a thought.

• Creative thinking

is the process which we use when we come up with a new idea. It is the merging of ideas which have not been

merged before. http://www.brainstorming.co.uk/tutorials/creativethinking.html

Creative Thinking

Creativity

A

B

Theories of Creativity-Some Possible Clustures

Theorists Explanation

Psychoanalytic theories

FreudKubieJungRothenbergMiller

Creativity can be explained largely by unconscious or preconscious process.

Humanist and developmental theories

MaslowRogersVygotsky

Creativity is a natural part of healthy development and/or develops in predictable stages.

Behaviorist or associationist theories

SkinnerMednick

Creativity is the result of responses to specific stimuli.

Creativity as cognition

GuildfordPerkinsWeisberg

Creativity can be explained using the same processes as other aspects of cognition. It is possible that these processes may be modeled by computer (Boden, Schank)

Systems theories SimontonFeldmanSternberg & LubartGruberCsikszentmihalyiGardner

Creativity entails complex interactions of elements that may include cognitive processes, personality traits, and interactions with the environment, domain and field.

Starko, A. J. 2005. Creativity in the classroom: schools of curious delight. 3rd edition. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

The Nature of Creativity

Person

Process

Product

Person

Indicative AdjectiveActive, Adaptable, Adventurous, Affectionate, Alert, Ambitious, Artistic, Assertive, Capable, Cheerful, Clear Thinking, Clever, Confident, Curious, Daring, Determined, Dreamy, Easygoing, Emotional, Energetic, Enterprising, Enthusiastic, Flexible, Friendly, Humorous, Imaginative, Impulsive, Individualistic, Industrious, Interests Wide, Intelligent, Inventive, Original, Progressive, Resourceful, Self-confident, Spontaneous

Runco, M. A., and Johnson, D. J. 2002. Parents’ and teachers’ implicit theories of children’s creativity: a cross-cultural perspective. Creativity Research Journal 14(3&4): 427-438.

Runco, M. A., and Johnson, D. J. 2002. Parents’ and teachers’ implicit theories of children’s creativity: a cross-cultural perspective. Creativity Research Journal 14(3&4): 427-438.

Contraindicative Adjective

Absentminded, Aloof, Apathetic, Arrogant, Awkward, Bitter, Cautious, Cold, Commonplace, Complaining, Confused, Conventional, Cynical, Despondent, Dull, Faultfinding, Gloomy, Hardheaded, Hard-hearted, Headstrong, Indifferent, Inhibited, Interest Narrow, Lazy, Pessimistic, Self-centered, Self-pitying, Shallow, Unambitious, Whiny

Person

Process

http://www.directedcreativity.com/pages/WPModels.html

The Directed Creativity Cycle: A Synthesis Model of the Creative Process

Let's walk through it, beginning at the 9:00 position on the circle. We live everyday in the same world as everyone else, but creative thinking begins with careful observation of that world coupled with thoughtful analysis of how things work and fail.

These mental processes create a store of concepts in our memories.

Process

http://www.directedcreativity.com/pages/WPModels.html

The Directed Creativity Cycle: A Synthesis Model of the Creative Process

Using this store, we generate novel ideas to meet specific needs by actively searching for associations among concepts. There are many specific techniques that we can use to make these association; for example, analogies, branching out from a given concept, using a random word, classic brainstorming, and so on. The choice of technique is not so important; making the effort to actively search for associations is what is key.

Process

http://www.directedcreativity.com/pages/WPModels.html

The Directed Creativity Cycle: A Synthesis Model of the Creative Process

Seeking the balance between satisficing and premature judgment, we harvest and further enhance our ideas before we subject them to a final, practical evaluation.

Process

http://www.directedcreativity.com/pages/WPModels.html

The Directed Creativity Cycle: A Synthesis Model of the Creative Process

But, it is not enough just to have creative thoughts; ideas have no value until we put in the work to implement them. Every new idea that is put into practice changes the world we live in, which re-starts the cycle of observation and analysis.

Product

Social System

Culture

Genetic Pool and Personal Experiences

PERSON

PERSON

FIELD (Social

Organization of Domain)

FIELD (Social

Organization of Domain)

Domain

Domain

Produces Variation

and Change

Transmits

Structured Information and Actio

n

Retains SelectedVariants

A three-pronged systems model of creativity

What is creativity? to Where is creativity?

Starko, A. J. 2005. Creativity in the classroom: schools of curious delight. 3rd edition. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Auguste Rodin (12 Nov 1840-17 Nov 1917)The Thinker (1902)

Artist: Frank MorrisonType: Art Print

Size: 18 x 22 in

The Thinker Medium: Oil on Canvas Artist: Anet Louw Measurements: 61 x 91.5cm

Handcrafted 'The Thinker' Soapstone Sculpture.Crafted in Zimbabwe.

Size: 15cm High.

Brainstorming*

*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorming

Brainstorming is a group creativity technique designed to generate a large number of ideas for the solution to a problem. The method was first popularized in the late 1930s by Alex Faickney Osborn, an advertising executive and one of the founders of BBDO, in a book called Applied Imagination. Osborn proposed that groups could double their creative output by using the method of brainstorming

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References

Runco, M. A. 2007. Encoraging creativity in education. In Al-Girl Tan (ed.), Creativity: a handbook for teachers, pp. vii-ix. Singapore: World Scientific.

Starko, A. J. 2005. Creativity in the classroom: schools of curious delight. 3rd edition. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

http://www.brainstorming.co.uk/tutorials/creativethinking.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorming

http://www.directedcreativity.com/pages/WPModels.html