5g standardization resource guide
TRANSCRIPT
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5G StandardizationResource Guide: 3GPP Status Update & Overview
Nikhil Kundargi, Ph.D.
Senior Wireless Platform Architect
Email: [email protected]
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3GPP
Is
3rd Generation Partnership Project
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Member companies collaborate in 3GPP
to create
5G Standards
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Overview of 3GPP Standards Structure
Figure from 3gpp.org
RAN1 defines PHY L1
RAN2 defines MAC and other
L2
RAN4 defines PHY Test
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NI and 3GPP
Strong team of experienced standards engineers
Attending 3GPP since 2010
2016 highlights
Active contribution to RAN1
14 Unique Contributions
Presented industry’s first paper on 5G New Radio
Presented two papers on MIMO and Phase Noise (<10% are treated)
10 Way Forwards co-signed
1 contribution to RAN2
Tracking RAN4
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Introducing 5G
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ITU Vision for IMT-2020 and Beyond
> 10 Gbps
Peak rates
> 1M / km2
Connections
< 1 ms
Latency
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New ITU Report on IMT-2020 Minimum Requirements
Metric Requirement Comments
Peak Data Rate DL: 20 Gbps
UL: 10 Gbps
Single eMBB mobile in ideal scenarios assuming all
resources utilized
Peak Spectral Efficiency DL: 30 bps/Hz (assuming 8 streams)
UL: 15 bps/Hz (assuming 4 streams)
Single eMBB mobile in ideal scenarios assuming all
resources utilized
User Experienced Data Rate DL: 100 Mbps
UL: 50 Mbps
5% CDF of the eMBB user throughput
Area Traffic Capacity Indoor hotspot DL: 10 Mbps/m2 eMBB
User plane latency eMBB: 4ms
URLLC: 1ms
Single user for small IP packets, for both DL and UL
(eMBB and URLLC)
Control plane latency 20ms (encouraged to consider 10ms) Transition from Idle to Active (eMBB and URLLC)
Connection Density 1M devices per km2 For mMTC
Reliability 99.9999% success prob. 32 L2 bytes within 1ms at cell edge
Bandwidth >100 MHz; up to 1 GHz in > 6 GHz Carrier aggregation allowed
DRAFT NEW REPORT ITU-R M.[IMT-2020.TECH PERF REQ], “Minimum requirements related to
technical performance for IMT-2020 radio interface(s),” Document 5/40-E, 22 February 2017ni.com/5g
How will 5G be standardized?
Phase based approach
Each Phase will comprise of
• (One or more) Study Item
• (One or more) Work Item
Phase 1 will be standardized in Release 15
• Initial 5G Deployments will be Phase 1 compliant
Pipelined standardization
• Phase 2 Study Item(s) will begin at same time as Phase 1 moves to Work Item(s)
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Mar-15 Jun-15 Sep-15 Dec-15 Mar-16 Jun-16 Sep-16 Dec-16 Mar-17 Jun-17 Sep-17 Dec-17 Mar-18 Jun-18 Sep-18 Dec-18 Mar-19 Jun-19 Sep-19 Dec-19
Apr-16 - Apr-17
Rel-13
Apr-16 - Jul-16
Rel-15
Apr-16 - Jul-16
Rel-16
Jan-17 - Jul-18
Rel-14
Aug-16 - Aug-17
Rel-15
Jun-16 - Sep-17
Rel-16
3GPP release timeline: Path from 4G to 5G
LTE-A Pro
New RadioPhase I Phase II
New radio track:
Phased approach
Phase I forward compatible to Phase II, but noneed for backward compatibility to LTE
• LTE-A Pro track:
• Based on existing LTE-A Rel-13
Study
Items 2
0
2
0
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March 2017 RAN plenary concludes 5G-NR Study Item and agrees on way forward for
5G-NR work item
1. By December 2017: complete Stage 3 for Non-Standalone 5G-NR eMBB (incl. low latency support) with Option 3 where
4G LTE core network (EPC) will be reused
Control Plane from EPC to LTE eNB and from LTE eNB to UE will also be reused. Additional Next Gen Userplane from NR gNB to UE.
3GPP On Fast Track to 5G Completion
Figure from RP-161266, Deutsche Telekom, T-Mobile ni.com/5g
3GPP On Fast Track to 5G Completion (cont’d)
By March 2018: intermediate implementable version with frozen ASN.1 for Non-Standalone 5G NR eMBB accordingly
Maintain current schedule for Standalone 5G-NR in Rel-15
o Stage 3 completion June 2018; ASN.1 freeze September 2018
o Overall 5G Core Network already agreed to be completed by June 2018
ni.com/5gFrom RP-170741, “Way Forward on the overall 5G-NR eMBB workplan”
Zooming in on New Radio Phase 1 Timeline
2016 2017 2018
Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
NSA = Non StandAlone = EPC core (“Option 3”) & LTE anchor
SA = StandAlone
5G study5G NR Work Item
5G NR NSA
Completion
Stage 3 completion
for Non-Standalone 5G-
NR
RAN
#74
RAN
#75
RAN
#78RAN #80
(Rel-15 completion)
Further evolution 5G NR SA
Completion
Stage 3 completion
for Standalone 5G-NR
NSA Option 3 family ASN.1 Rel-15 ASN.1 for SA &
NSA
Figure from RP-170741, “Way Forward on the overall 5G-NR eMBB workplan” ni.com/5g
Early non standard 5G Releases
Some operators and vendors have kicked off pre
specification 5G efforts
These will be deployed significantly before New Radio
Phase 1, as soon as end of 2017
Target application is a narrow subset of NR target
applications
Fixed Wireless Access
No support for mobility
UEs are Consumer Premise Equipment (set-top box)
“Last mile” connectivity to replace fiber
Verizon 5GTF KT PyeongChang 5G
Figure from Samsung Whitepaper on Fixed Wireless Access ni.com/5g
5G trial deployments have started
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5G New Radio : Phase 1
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From LTE to 5G NR Phase 1
LTE NR
Frequency of Operation Up to 6 GHz Up to 6 GHz, ~28 GHz, ~39 GHz,
other mmwave bands (Upto 52 GHz)
Carrier Bandwidth Max: 20 MHz Max: 100 MHz (@ <6 GHz)
Max: 1 GHz (@ >6 GHz)
Carrier Aggregation Up to 32 Up to 16
Analog Beamforming (dynamic) Not supported Supported
Digital Beamforming Up to 8 Layers Up to 12 Layers
Channel Coding Data: Turbo Coding
Control: Convolutional Coding
Data: LDPC Coding
Control: Polar Coding
Subcarrier Spacing 15 kHz 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 kHz
Self Contained Subframe Not Supported Can be implemented
Spectrum Occupancy 90% of Channel BW Up to 98% of Channel BW
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Some Terminology
LTE eNB Capable of connecting to EPC (current LTE core network)
eLTE eNB Evolution of LTE eNB capable of connectivity to EPC and NextGen Core
gNB Equivalent of eNB in 5G NR
NG The interface between NextGen Core and gNB
NG2: control plane interface between core network and RAN (S1-C in LTE)
NG3: user plane interface between core network and RAN (S1-U in LTE)
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Deployment Scenarios:- Potential Phasing
Phase 1 non-stand-alone deployments with LTE eNB as master
Secondary cell non-standalone operation of NR gNBs connected to EPC
Phase 1 evolution to adding NextGen Core
eLTE eNB is the master
NR gNB’s in non-standalone mode
EPC
LTE eNBNR gNB
CP + UP
1) Data flow aggregation across
LTE eNB and NR gNB via EPC
CP
+ UP
UP
eLTE eNB
1) eLTE eNB connected to
NextGen Core
NextGen Core
eLTE eNBNR gNB
CP + UP
2) Data flow aggregation across
eLTE eNB and NR gNB via
NextGen Core
NextGen Core
UP
CP + U
P
Figures from 3GPP TR 38.804 (Draft v0.4)
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Deployment Scenarios:- Potential Phasing
Phased evolution to adding standalone operation
All of the deployment types could be operating simultaneously as we move to this phase
Note:- Exact timing and phasing of the deployments depend on network providers, but NR
will take into account
NR gNBeLTE eNB
CP + UP
2) Data flow aggregation across
NR gNB and eLTE eNB via
NextGen Core
NextGen Core
UP
CP + U
P
NR gNB
1) NR gNB connected to
NextGen Core
NextGen Core
NR gNBNR gNB
CP + UP
3) Data flow aggregation across
NR gNBs via NextGen Core
NextGen Core
UP
CP + U
P
Figures from 3GPP TR 38.804 (Draft v0.4)
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New Frequency Ranges for NR Release 15
Frequency range Supporting companies (min. 3)
3.3 - 4.2 GHzNTT DOCOMO, KDDI, SBM, CMCC, China Unicom, China Telecom, KT, SK
Telecom, LG Uplus, Etisalat, Orange, …
4.4 - 4.99 GHz NTT DOCOMO, KDDI, SBM, CMCC, China Unicom, China Telecom,
24.25 - 29.5 GHz NTT DOCOMO, CMCC, KT, Verizon, T-mobile, Telecom Italia, BT…
31.8 - 33.4 GHz Orange, Telecom Italia, British Telecom
37 - 40 GHzAT&T, Verizon, T-mobile
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Release 15 LTE-NR Band Combinations
For dual connectivity
Non-stand-alone (NSA) operation.
Combination of NR band and 1 LTE band
Sources: RP-170847, RP-170826, R4-1702504 (DCM)
approved
LTE band
1 2 3 5 7 8 19 20 21 25 26 28 39 41 66
NR
Freq.
Range
3.3-4.2 GHz YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
4.4-4.99 GHz YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
24.25-29.5GHz YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES Yes
31.8-33.4GHz YES YES YES YES
37-40GHz Yes
Band 7 YES YES YES
Band 28 YES YES YES
Band 41 YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
EPC
LTE eNBNR gNB
CP + UP
1) Data flow aggregation across
LTE eNB and NR gNB via EPCC
P + U
P
UP
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Numerology for NR
Multiple numerologies are
formed by scaling a basic
subcarrier spacing (SCS) by
integer N
15 kHz is baseline SCS
N is power of 2.
Numerology selected
independently of frequency band
allow at least from 15kHz to 480kHz subcarrier spacing.
Wh
at is
nu
me
rolo
gy
Subcarrier spacing (SCS)
Symbol duration
Cyclic Prefix duration
Slot duration/size
Subframe duration/size
Frame duration/size ni.com/5g
Numerology
Subframe duration : fixed to 1ms
Frame length : 10 msec.
For subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz * 2n
Each symbol length (including CP) of 15 kHz equals the sum of the corresponding 2n
symbols of the SCS.
The first OFDM symbol in 0.5m is longer by 16Ts (assuming 15 kHz and FFT size of 2048) compared to other OFDM symbols.
16 Ts is used for CP for the first symbol.
NR supports an extended CP
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Slot in New Radio
A slot is
7 or 14 OFDM symbols (for subcarrier spacing up to 60kHz)
14 OFDM symbols (for subcarrier spacing higher than 60kHz)
A slot can contain
all downlink,
all uplink, or
{at least one downlink part and at least one uplink part}.
Slot aggregation
data transmission to span multiple slots.
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Example of Numerology in a Slot
Mixed numerology in both frequency domain and time domain
Source: Fujitsu, R1-166676
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Modulation & Waveform
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM and 256QAM (with the same constellation mapping as in LTE) are supported
OFDM-based waveform is supported.
At least up to 40 GHz, CP-OFDM waveform supports spectral utilization of Y greater than that of LTE (assuming Y=90% for LTE)
where Y (%) is defined as transmission bandwidth configuration / channel bandwidth * 100%.
Note: Y proposals example is 98%
(For UL only) DFT-S-OFDM based waveform is also supported
limited to a single stream transmissions
targeting for link budget limited cases.
Both CP-OFDM and DFT-S-OFDM based waveforms are mandatory for UEs
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12x15 KHz
12x30 KHz
12x60 kHz
7 symbols (example)
Time
Freq
Resource Block in New Radio
NR defines physical resource block (PRB) where the number of subcarriers
per PRB is the same for all numerologies.
The number of subcarriers per PRB is N= 12
LTE and NR
New in NR
Source: Nokia, R1-167260ni.com/5g
Feasible Maximum Channel BW
To be studied further Sub-6 GHz: 100 – 200 MHz range
Above 6 GHz: 100 MHz – 1 GHz range
Possibility to support maximum CBW with CA
Use CA to utilize spectrum
larger than maximum CBW
Note: RAN1 agreed on maximum CBW of 400 MHz in Rel-15
Source: R4-1702374 (Docomo, Samsung)
approved
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Feasible Sub-carrier Spacing
Sub-6 GHz: 15, 30, 60 kHz
Above 6 GHz: no decision yet Candidates: 60, 120, 240 kHz
480 kHz FFS
Study feasibility based on
Phase noise model
CBW, FFT size
Service to support (eMBB, URLLC, mMTC)
...
Above SCSs not applicable to all bands
Applicable to common/dedicated data channels
approved
Source: R4-1702374 (Docomo, Samsung)
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Working of Analog beam based MIMO Operation
gNB has two TXRUs per polarization, connected to cross polarized Tx antenna panels.
The gNB selects one analog beams on each antenna panel polarization for the downlink data transmission, e.g., MIMO transmission.
The UE should be able to measure multiple Tx beams swept on different time units on each panel polarization and then select one ‘best’ Tx beam on each.
Figure from R1-1705351
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Hybrid Beamforming
Fig: Korea Univ. IEEE presentation
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Hybrid Beamforming
Example of hybrid beamforming with different beam-width.
The analog beams are coloured in blue, and the digital beams are coloured in
red
Figure from China Mobile, R1-1703405
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Synchronization in NR
NR-PSS, NR-SSS and/or NR-PBCH transmitted within a SS block.
One or multiple SS block(s) compose an SS burst.
One or multiple SS burst(s) further compose an SS burst set
From UE perspective, SS burst set transmission is periodic.
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Illustration of SS Burst Set Structure
SS Burst Set
Burst Periodicity Burst Periodicity Burst Periodicity
…#1
#2
#3
SS Burst
#4
#5
#6
SS Burst
#7
#8
#9
SS Burst
#1
#2
#3
SS Burst
SS Burst Set
Burst Periodicity Burst Periodicity Burst Periodicity
…#1
#2
#3
SS Burst
#4
#5
#6
SS Burst
#7
#8
#9
SS Burst
#1
#2
#3
SS Burst
#4
#5
#6
#1
#2
#3
#7
#8
#9
#4
#5
#6
SS Burst Set
Burst Periodicity Burst Periodicity Burst Periodicity
…#1
SS Burst
#1
SS Burst
#1
SS Burst
#1
SS Burst
Example 1)
Example 2)
Example 3)
PBCH PSS SSS PBCH
Source: Ericsson, R1-1700294
Source: Intel, R1-1700329
Source: Qualcomm, R1-1700784
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Channel Coding
Channel coding techniques for NR should support info block size K flexibility
and codeword size flexibility
rate matching (i.e., puncturing and/or repetition) supports 1-bit granularity in codeword size.
Channel coding technique for data channels of NR support both Incremental
Redundancy (IR) and Chase Combining (CC) HARQ.
For very small block lengths where repetition/block coding may be preferred
Data channel for eMBB flexible LDPC Coding
DCI for eMBB Polar Coding
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5G New Radio : Phase 2
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Access to Unlicensed Spectrum
Create a single global solution for NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum
For unlicensed bands both below and above 6GHz
Coexistence methods within NR-based
between NR-based unlicensed and LTE-based LAA
with other incumbent RATs
in accordance with regulatory requirements in e.g., 5GHz , 37GHz, 60GHz bands
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Integrated Access and Backhaul
Study support for wireless backhaul and relay links
Enable flexible and very dense deployment of NR cells
Avoid densifying the transport network proportionately
Both inband and outband relaying in indoor and outdoor scenarios
Fig from RP-170831
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V2X use cases for LTE and NR
New evaluation methodology to be defined for the new V2X use cases
Vehicles Platooning
Extended Sensors
Advanced Driving (enables semi-automated or full-automated driving)
Remote Driving
Identify regulatory requirements of direct communications between vehicles in
spectrum beyond 6GHz in different regions
63-64GHz (allocated for ITS in Europe)
76-81GHz
Figure from Qualcomm websiteni.com/5g
Other features for study in NR Phase 2
Following items will also start from Q3 2017
Non-orthogonal Multiple Access
NR support for Non-Terrestrial Networks
Self Evaluation towards IMT-2020 submission
Note that New Rel-15 WI (Phase 1) will also be completed in
parallel to NR Phase 2 Study Items.
New Radio Access Technology (RP-170847)
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Additional Videos and Resources
Join the SDR Community @ ni.com/sdrcommunity
Watch the video of AT&T’s Channel Sounder demo and the DARPA Colosseum Spectrum
Challenge demo
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