CLOUDS AND THERE ACQUAINTANCES

By Jacob Castillo

http://www.maestronews.com/wallpaper/clouds/16920.html

Adiabatic Temperature Changes and Expansion and cooling

Temp changes that happen without heat As you travel upward gas expands and

temp gets cooler and cooler as you go The dry adiabatic rate is for every 1000

feet ascending temp goes down 10 degrees celcius

The wet rate is 5-9 degrees celcius per 1000 meters

http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-kids/0070-adiabatic-temperature-changes.php

Orographic Lifting

As you go up a mountain slope adiabatic cooling happens creating clouds and precipitation,

This process only occurs because of the mountain or elevated terrain act as walls or barriers

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Frontal Wedging

When a cold front meets a warm front and the cooler and denser cold front air acts as a wall over when the warmer less dense air rises

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 Convergence

When converging wind meet each other and because they cannot go down, they go up

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 Localized convective lifting

Unequal heating of the earth causes spots of air in the atmosphere to be more heated than the surrounding air

The spots are called thermals

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Stability

Air that resists vertical movement Is measured by measuring the earth’s

atmospheric temperature at different heights

Air is stable when the temp goes down a little bit with an increase in altitude

Stable air resists vertical movement Clouds with unstable air often generates

thunderstormshttp://www.google.com/imgres?q=thunderstorms=1t:429,r:8,s:0

Condensation

Condensation happens when water vapor in the air changes to a liquid

For condensation to happen the air must be saturated and there must be a surface

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=dew&hl=en&safe=active&gbv=2&biw=1024&bih=429&tbm=isch&tbnid=jKms9pu1yBhy8M:&imgrefurl=http://www.engr.psu.edu/j

Types of clouds

Clouds are classified based on there form and altitude

There are three types of clouds called the: cirrus, cumulus and the stratus

The cirrus clouds are very high white and thin Cumulus clouds have a flat base with a dome

over it Stratus Clouds are Sheets or layers that cover

the sky the have no distinct cloud units

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High clouds

The Cirrus, Cirrostratus and the cirrocumulus make up the high cloud family

They are thin and white often made of ice crystal and can warn of an incoming storm

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Middle Clouds

Clouds that are in the middle have the prefix alto in there name

They are large and dense

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Low clouds

There are three member s of the low cloud family called the Stratus, Stratocumulus and nimbostratus

There not very thick but they are thicker than cirrus’s

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Clouds of Vertical development

There are some clouds that do not fit into the categories and are the oddballs of the cloud nation

These clouds are all in relation with unstable air

Once upward movement is triggered from the unstable air these clouds extend upward drastically

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Fog by cooling and Evaporation There is not a one difference between fog an cloud Fog is defined as a cloud with its base being near the

ground Fog by cooling happens when the there is a calm clear

night and the earths surface cools rapidly from radiation Fog by evaporation happens when cold air moves over

warm water and is saturated. As the water vapor rises it is immediately condensed and fog is produced

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The Bergeron Process

The Bergeron process requires super cooling and super saturation

Super cooled- when water is below 0 degrees celcius Supersaturated- when air is 100% relative humidity When either of these process’s occur a chain reaction of

ice freezing vapor occurs and is transformed into snow

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The Collision-coalescence process

Collision-coalescence is the mechanism that forms raindrops

Water absorbing particles can remove water vapor from the air at less than 100% humidity, forming large droplets

As the large droplets move through the clouds the gather smaller droplets and eventually fall to earth

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Rain And Snow

Rain is drops of water that fall from clouds with a diameter of .5 mm

Snow is frozen rain that forms in temps lower than 0 degrees celcius

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Sleet Glaze and Hail

Sleet is the falling of small translucent ice particles

Glaze is water falling from freezing to subfreezing layered temps that freeze when the water hits the ground

Hail starts out a small ice pellets and grow by hit super cooled water droplets

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THE END!!!!!!!Thank you for you

time, and remember you heard it from the

best!6a00d8341d4dc653ef010536a7be8