5ll40 lecture 1a introduction
DESCRIPTION
opticsTRANSCRIPT
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5LL40
Optical FibreCommunications
Meint Smit (OED)Xaveer Leijtens (OED)Huug de Waardt (ECO)
Eduward Tangdiongga (ECO)
TTE: Telecommunication Technology and ElectroMagnetics
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2Course information
Book: Gerd KeiserOptical Fiber communications3rd ed, Mc Graw-Hill
Contact: Xaveer Leijtens, [email protected], 5112
Website: http://w3.ele.tue.nl/oed (education & training)
Prior knowledge (Bachelor) 5GG10 Elektronica: Transistorschakelingen 5LL00 Basis elektromagnetisme 5LL10 Basis telecommunicatie 5LL50 Telecommunicatietechniek
Follow-up (EITT/BTT Master) 5MH10 Electro-optic devices 5MH30 Optical communication technology 5TT00 Optical communication Networks 5TT30 Photonic IC Design
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3Examination
Closed-book examination formula sheet will be provided
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Overview of optical fiber communications
Keiser chapter 1
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5Standard Single-Mode (SM) FibreFibre coreSiO2+ GeO2 10 mn 1.443
Fibre coreSiO2+ GeO2 10 mn 1.443
SiO2 Cladding 125 mn 1.44
SiO2 Cladding 125 mn 1.44
Primary coating (soft) 400 m
Primary coating (soft) 400 m
Secondary coating (hard) 1 mm
Secondary coating (hard) 1 mm
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6Optical attenuation in glass
1960
A
t
t
e
n
u
a
t
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o
n
(
d
B
/
k
m
)
1
10
100
1000
0.11970 1980 1990 2000
z 20 dB/km (Corning)
0.16 dB/km
CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition)
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7Optical communication
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TRANSMITTER FIBRE
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RECEIVER
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8Photodiode detector
Typical performance data:
Responsivity ~1 mA / mWBandwidth: 1-20 GHz
Typical performance data:
Responsivity ~1 mA / mWBandwidth: 1-20 GHz
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9Optical source
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TRANSMITTER
FIBRE
Performance:Modulation speedFibre-coupled power
Performance:Modulation speedFibre-coupled power
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10
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Typical performance data:
Power in MM-fibre: 100 WPower in SM-fibre: 1 WDirect Modulation Bandwidth: 100 MHz
Typical performance data:
Power in MM-fibre: 100 WPower in SM-fibre: 1 WDirect Modulation Bandwidth: 100 MHz
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Laser
Typical performance:
Power (in fibre): 10-100 mWDirect Modulation Bandwidth: 2-5 GHz
Typical performance:
Power (in fibre): 10-100 mWDirect Modulation Bandwidth: 2-5 GHz
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Laser
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Packaged DFB laser
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14
TV - radio
I.R.
U.V.
X-ray
-radiationcosmic radiation
f (Hz)
Electromagnetic spectrum
(m)
1
10-2
10-4
10-8
10-6
10-12
10-10
1020
1018
1016
1014
1012
1010
108
Radar
redorangeyellowgreenblueviolet
Visible light:380 - 760 nm
700
400
500
600
(nm)
Optical communication wavelengths
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Some figures
Optical communication wavelength: = 1500 nm corresponds to = c/ 200 THz = 200.000 GHz
1% = 2 THz = 2000 GHz
EDFA = Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier:bandwidth 30 nm 4 THz
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Optical communication systems
First Generation, ~1975, 0.8 mMM-fiber, GaAs-laser or LED
Second Generation, ~1980, 1.3 m, MM & SM-fiberInGaAsP FP-laser or LED
Third Generation, ~1985, 1.55 m, SM-fiberInGaAsP DFB-laser, ~ 1990 Optical amplifiers
Fourth Generation, 1996, 1.55 mWDM-systems
1.80.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7Wavelength (m)
Atte
nuat
ion
2 dB/cm
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WDM-transmission
MultiwavelengthTransmitter
MUX
MultiwavelengthReceiver
DMX
opticaltransmitter
opticalreceiver
optical fiber
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Undersea cable
Cable Capacity fully upgraded (Gbps) 2,400
Fiber Pairs 6
Wavelengths per Fiber Pair 40
Gbps per Wavelength 10
Cable Length (km) 14,500
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Undersea cables
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Optical Transport NetworkCourtesy: A.M.J. Koonen
Global Network
Wide Area Network
Metropolitan/Regional Area Optical Network
Corporate/Enterprise
Clients
Cable modemNetworks
Client/Access Networks
FTTHMobile
SDH/SONET
PSTN/IP
ISPGigabit Ethernet
Cable
FTTB
ATM
fibre
IP
Fixed Wireless Access
TP
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Advantages of optical communication
Huge bandwidth
Small and light
Low loss
Electrical isolation No EMI (Lightning, interference) Security (no tapping) Reliability
Low cost per bit
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Lecture schedule
Subject WeekIntroduction 1 hr 5 Kaiser 1Fibres 5 hrs 5,6,7 Kaiser 2,3Sources 4 hrs 8,10 Kaiser 4Coupling 1 hr 12 Kaiser 5Photonic ICs 1 hr 12External Lecture 1 hr 12Detectors 2 hrs 13 Kaiser 6Receivers 2 hrs 14 Kaiser 7Systems 2 hrs 16 Kaiser 8,9Networks 2 hrs 17 Handouts
5LL40Optical Fibre Communications Course informationExaminationOverview of optical fiber communications Standard Single-Mode (SM) FibreOptical attenuation in glassOptical communicationPhotodiode detectorOptical sourceLight Emitting Diode (LED)LaserLaserPackaged DFB laserElectromagnetic spectrumSome figuresOptical communication systemsWDM-transmissionUndersea cableUndersea cablesOptical Transport NetworkAdvantages of optical communicationLecture schedule