The Crisis DeepensCh.6 Sec.2

Need to Know Describe how & why the Republicans

formed Explain why the Whigs & Know-

Nothings disbanded Explain the importance of the Dred

Scott Case, the Lincoln-Douglas debates, and John Brown’s raid

Political Developments Republican Party

• Anti-slavery groups from the Whigs, Free-Soil, and Democrats formed to create the Republicans

• Chose this name to link themselves to the ideals of Thomas Jefferson

• Wanted to keep the ruling Southern class from controlling govt, outlaw slavery in the territories

• Gained more power when the Know-Nothing Party dissolved

Political Developments Election of 1856

• James Buchanan (R) vs. John Fremont (D)• Buchanan wins, aimed to stop the growing

division between North & South Dred Scott Decision

• Supreme Court case involved a slave who tried to sue for his own freedom

• The case ruled in favor of the slave owner• Further divided the North & South politically

Political Developments Lecompton Constitution

• Fighting between both sides was still going on in Kanas

• The pro-slavery govt took control and passed the Lecompton Constitution (legalized slavery)

• A majority of Kansas citizens rose up, overturned the Constitution, & applied as a free state

• Became a free state in 1861

Lincoln & Douglas 1858 Illinois Senate Election

• Stephen Douglas (D) vs. Abraham Lincoln (R)

• Lincoln wanted to outlaw slavery in territories, Douglas wanted popular sovereignty

• Lincoln lost election, but gained popularity and recognition for himself & the Republicans

John Brown’s Raid John Brown

• Abolitionist who favored violence to stop slavery from spreading

• Tried to incite an insurrection against slaveholders in the South

• Seized an arsenal at Harper’s Ferry (Virginia), waited for slaves to come and join his rebellion

• Was surrounded by U.S. marines (Led by Robert E. Lee) and was captured

• Tried and executed• Became a hero with abolitionists, a villain to

Southerners

Section Summary How did the Republican Party come

about? Why did the Whigs disband? Why did the Know-Nothings disband? Explain the Dred Scott Case & its

importance Explain the importance of the

Lincoln-Douglas debates Discuss the importance of John

Brown’s raid