6 bim sensitive analysis carl brookes - cotac · 2020. 7. 23. · 3d laser scanning and geometry...
TRANSCRIPT
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09/12/2016 BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR
BIM4HERITAGE
BIM SENSITIVE ANALYSIS CARL BROOKES
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DEVELOPING 3D MODELS OF HISTORIC ASSETS FOR SIMULATION AND ASSESSMENT
BIM level 1 Introduction
Exploring some of the issues and technologies requiring BIM Level 1 resources by looking at some past Ramboll examples
• The influence of the construction of the Shard of Glass on London Bridge Station
• Strength assessment of The Iron Bridge
• Improving the earthquake resistance of a historic masonry chimney in Baku
• Simulation and monitoring of masonry vaults at Leeds Station
• Internal environmental simulation – Lawrence Hall
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LONDON BRIDGE STATION INFLUENCE OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SHARD OF GLASS
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STRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT: FROM RECORD INFORMATION
Construction phases and joints Very limited geometry available
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STRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT: DECONSTRUCTION, LARGE EXCAVATION, CONSTRUCTION OF SHARD
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MODELLING PROCESS
• Point cloud
• Surface model (LAM)
• Solid model
• Finite Element mesh
• Structural analysis (ground movement)
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LAM PROCESS
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3D GEOMETRY AND FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
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TYPICAL RESULTS
S3
Compressive Stresses
DL Min -2.3 MPa
Ground movement
Global -2.3 MPa
Local <-3 MPa
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THE IRON BRIDGE RISK AND STRENGTH ASSESSMENT
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INTRODUCTION 1. Background
2. Laser survey and Geometry modelling
3. Archive research - summary
4. Structural analysis/simulation and strength assessment
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MAIN SPAN CONDITION
Broken joint
Clamped decorative rings and also shows discontinuous deck plates
Bracketed connection to support deck
Clamped joint
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ENVIRONMENTAL LOADING EXTREME FLOODING AND IMPACT
The risk: Collision impact from a River Severn boat broken away in extreme flood
The risk – debris during floods 09/12/2016
BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR
3D LASER SCANNING AND GEOMETRY MODELLING
• Capturing the built environment
• Precise measurement
• An accurate 3D geometry model
• A resource for desktop inspection
• Provides the basis of geometric and analysis models
• Generally provides better geometric information than has ever been possible in the past
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POINT CLOUD: PRECISE 3D MEASUREMENT
Point cloud Surface model Surface mesh
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POINT CLOUD: VIEWED FROM ANY DIRECTION
Point cloud Surface model Surface mesh
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MODELLING PROCESS
The LAM® process software includes
• Rhinoceros
• Pointools plugin and edit
• In-house software
• Display3 and NISA2
• ANSYS Mechanical
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VISUALISATION OF MODELLING PROCESS
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VISUALISATION OF MODELLING PROCESS
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ACCURATE GEOMETRY FOR MODELLING
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GEOMETRY MODELLING: MAIN RADIAL LINKS The radial links are an example of where in some instances repeated identical parts have been made which were most likely cast in the same moulds; very early production engineering
• Our work has identified 11 different types
• Software written to copy these different types into position
Different types of link
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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Why 3D solid FE model instead of traditional 3D line beam?
• Very fine measurement density has revealed the variability in almost all member cross-sections used in the bridge
• Tradition 3D space frame would have required thousands of geometric property calculations, for stiffness and then stress calculations.
Edge rib cross-section
Internal rib cross-section
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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Why 3D solid FE model instead of traditional 3D line beam?
• To represent different material properties within a member, for instance zones of high porosity
Red indicates soft material
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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS THE IRON BRIDGE FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
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MODELLING DEFECTS: FRAME E NORTH
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DEFECTS: GRID B7
Red indicates cracked material
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UNDERSIDE PLAN OF DECK PLATES
Cracked deck plate
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POSITION OF DEFECTS – POTENTIAL PART OF BIM
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FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
Red indicates where cracks are modelled
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TYPICAL RESULTS
Calculated stresses under flood debris impact
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HISTORIC CHIMNEY STRENGTHENING WIND AND EARTHQUAKES
Point cloud showing retrofitted reinforcement
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WIND LOADING - MICROCLIMATE
Chimney shown in blue between two proposed tall buildings
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WIND LOADING – MICROCLIMATE: TYPICAL RESULTS
LES simulation
Microclimate Wind coefficient 09/12/2016
BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR
PRECISE GEOMETRY
To set out retrofitted reinforcement
Established using a UAV, HD video and digital photogrammetry
Survey control provided by a network of targets with their precise position measured by total station
Outside of
chimney Inside of chimney
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INCLINED ANCHORS POSITION AND DIRECTION VERY CHALLENGING
Basic idea Horizontal plane to help set out direction point
Surface breakout
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INCLINED ANCHORS MAKING SURE RIG WILL FIT
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SIMULATION AND MONITORING OF MASONRY VAULTS AT LEEDS STATION EMERGING BIM PROCESSES
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LOCATION AND PLAN
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3D LASER POINT CLOUD
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3D GEOMETRY: EXTERNAL SURFACES
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2D GEOMETRY FOR SIMPLE ASSESSMENT
Section 2
Section 1
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LEVEL 0 MASONRY ARCH ASSESSMENT GEOMETRY
Section 2
Section 1
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ASSESS PROPOSED STEELWORK: GEOMETRY
Based on Ramboll 3D model and Mott MacDonald drawings
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CHECK PROPOSED STEELWORK GEOMETRY
Based on Ramboll 3D model and Mott MacDonald drawings 09/12/2016 BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR
ASSESS PROPOSED STEELWORK: LOADING
Based on Mott MacDonald drawing, assumed to carry all E load
E Existing 298 kN (dead+live)
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INTERNAL DIMENSIONS: BARREL THICKNESS
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INTERNAL DIMENSIONS - BARREL THICKNESS LOADING SI DATA INTO MODEL
Cores 1, 2 and 3 from below, and core 8 from above Barrel thickness 0.7m, quadripartite rib thickness 0.98m
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INTERNAL DIMENSIONS BACKING LEVEL LOADING SI DATA INTO MODEL
Based on record drawings of earlier foundation work circa 2000
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3D GEOMETRY
Platform, foundation, concrete fill and ballast removed
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3D FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
From below
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TYPICAL RESULTS VON MISES, SOFT BACKING, COMPRESSION YIELD, 4.5 MPA
Factor x 1.5
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LAWRENCE HALL WESTMINSTER INTERNAL ENVIRIONMENT ASSESSMENT