6. glass making and intro to powder metallurgy
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Typical process sequence for glass working
Raw material:Principal component: silica (SiO2)Additives: Na2O, CaO, K2O
• Discrete process for piece ware like bottle, light bulbs
• Continuous process of making flat glass/tube: used for glasswindow/lab wares, fluorescent light
• Fiber making processes: fibers for insulation or fiber glass composite
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Shaping of pieceware
• Spinning
• Pressing
• Blowing
• Casting
Processes
Spinning
Pressing
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Press and blow
Blow and blow
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Rolling of flat plate
Float process
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Drawing of the glass tube
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Drawing of continuous glass fiber
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Powder Metallurgy Process
Element or alloy metal powder Additives (lubs or binders)
Blending
Compaction
Sintering
Optional secondary Manufac
Optional secondary Fininshing
Finished P/M Product
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Production of Metal particles(a,b): atomization by gas(c): atomisation by water(d): centrifugal atomization
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Conventional Powder Metallurgy: Production Sequence
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1. The blending techniques
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3. The sintering technique
2. The compaction techniques
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Special Pressing and Sintering Technique
Isostatic Pressing
Cold Isostatic Pressing Hot Isostatic Pressing
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Combined pressing and sintering
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Few Powder Metallurgy Products