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Period B.C. 600 to B.C. 200 saw the rise of two very important religions,

Jainismand Buddhism.

However, we hear as many as 62 religious sects during this period.

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1: Viharas are residential quarter for monk. Chaityas are worship place.

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2: Supporters of Mahayana (newer tradition) regarded other Buddhists as followers of Hinayana (e.g.

propagated by Asoka). However, followers of the older tradition described themselves as

Theravadins, that is, those who followed the path of old, respected teachers, the Theras.

3: After famine, on returning from south, they claimed that they strictly observed rules while those in

Magadha had violated them. To settle differences and compile Jaina teachings, council convened in

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Pataliputra. But the southern Jainas boycotted the council and refused to accept its decisions. Now

onwards, southern began to be called Digambaras and the Magadhan, Svetambaras.

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